taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03F387FFA958C3532DFE7F87A324FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318608/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318608	FIGURE 8. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	FIGURE 8. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA958C3532DFE7F87A324FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318593/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318593	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA958C3532DFE7F87A324FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318599	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA958C3532DFE7F87A324FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318591/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318591	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA958C3532DFE7F87A324FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318622/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318622	FIGURE 13. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: abradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	FIGURE 13. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: abradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA958C3532DFE7F87A324FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318624/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318624	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA958C3532DFE7F87A324FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318605/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318605	FIGURE 7. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscular area; Adma: adradial muscular area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment;IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	FIGURE 7. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscular area; Adma: adradial muscular area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment;IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA958C3532DFE7F87A324FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318601/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318601	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA954C3572DFE7E86A746FBAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318591/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318591	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA954C3572DFE7E86A746FBAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318589/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318589	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA954C3572DFE7E86A746FBAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318593/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318593	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA954C3572DFE7E86A746FBAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318599	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA954C3572DFE7E86A746FBAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318612/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318612	FIGURE 9. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866. (A–B), dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) adoral shield; (E) jaw; (F) oral plate external; (G) oral plate internal; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2482.	FIGURE 9. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866. (A–B), dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) adoral shield; (E) jaw; (F) oral plate external; (G) oral plate internal; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2482.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA954C3572DFE7E86A746FBAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318601/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318601	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA954C3572DFE7E86A746FBAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318603	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA950C3562DFE7C8AA17DF80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318591/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318591	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA950C3562DFE7C8AA17DF80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318616/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318616	FIGURE 11. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	FIGURE 11. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA950C3562DFE7C8AA17DF80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318601/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318601	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA950C3562DFE7C8AA17DF80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318612/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318612	FIGURE 9. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866. (A–B), dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) adoral shield; (E) jaw; (F) oral plate external; (G) oral plate internal; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2482.	FIGURE 9. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866. (A–B), dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) adoral shield; (E) jaw; (F) oral plate external; (G) oral plate internal; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2482.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA950C3562DFE7C8AA17DF80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318605/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318605	FIGURE 7. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscular area; Adma: adradial muscular area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment;IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	FIGURE 7. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscular area; Adma: adradial muscular area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment;IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA950C3562DFE7C8AA17DF80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318608/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318608	FIGURE 8. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	FIGURE 8. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318593/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318593	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318599	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318601/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318601	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318616/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318616	FIGURE 11. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	FIGURE 11. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318589/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318589	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318638/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318638	FIGURE 18. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (K) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Damf: distal aboral muscle fixation; Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Deomf: distal oral external muscle fixation; Dg: dorsal groove; Doimf: distal oral internal muscle fixation; pe: perforation; Pomf: proximal oral muscle fixation; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	FIGURE 18. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (K) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Damf: distal aboral muscle fixation; Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Deomf: distal oral external muscle fixation; Dg: dorsal groove; Doimf: distal oral internal muscle fixation; pe: perforation; Pomf: proximal oral muscle fixation; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318591/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318591	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318612/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318612	FIGURE 9. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866. (A–B), dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) adoral shield; (E) jaw; (F) oral plate external; (G) oral plate internal; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2482.	FIGURE 9. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866. (A–B), dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) adoral shield; (E) jaw; (F) oral plate external; (G) oral plate internal; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2482.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318614/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318614	FIGURE 10. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866 internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view.Abbreviations: Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH– 2482.	FIGURE 10. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866 internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view.Abbreviations: Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH– 2482.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94CC3482DFE7921A13CFC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318624/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318624	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94FC34C2DFE7C3AA395FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318638/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318638	FIGURE 18. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (K) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Damf: distal aboral muscle fixation; Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Deomf: distal oral external muscle fixation; Dg: dorsal groove; Doimf: distal oral internal muscle fixation; pe: perforation; Pomf: proximal oral muscle fixation; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	FIGURE 18. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (K) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Damf: distal aboral muscle fixation; Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Deomf: distal oral external muscle fixation; Dg: dorsal groove; Doimf: distal oral internal muscle fixation; pe: perforation; Pomf: proximal oral muscle fixation; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94FC34C2DFE7C3AA395FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318589/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318589	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94FC34C2DFE7C3AA395FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318658/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318658	FIGURE 24. Ophiothrix brasiliensis Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020 internal structures. (A–B) disc spines with denticles; (C–D) dental plate; (E) tooth; (F) dorsal arm plate; (G) ventral arm plate; (H–J) lateral arm plate; (K) arm spine; (L) dorsal vertebra view; (M) ventral vertebra view; (N) proximal vertebra view; (O) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2455.	FIGURE 24. Ophiothrix brasiliensis Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020 internal structures. (A–B) disc spines with denticles; (C–D) dental plate; (E) tooth; (F) dorsal arm plate; (G) ventral arm plate; (H–J) lateral arm plate; (K) arm spine; (L) dorsal vertebra view; (M) ventral vertebra view; (N) proximal vertebra view; (O) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2455.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94FC34C2DFE7C3AA395FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318626/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318626	FIGURE 15. Ophiophragmus luetkeni (Ljungman, 1872). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) adoral shield; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2456.	FIGURE 15. Ophiophragmus luetkeni (Ljungman, 1872). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) adoral shield; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2456.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94FC34C2DFE7C3AA395FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318601/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318601	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94FC34C2DFE7C3AA395FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318593/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318593	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94FC34C2DFE7C3AA395FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318591/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318591	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94FC34C2DFE7C3AA395FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318616/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318616	FIGURE 11. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	FIGURE 11. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94FC34C2DFE7C3AA395FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318618/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318618	FIGURE 12. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828) internal structures. (A) genital plates; (B) dental plate; (C) dorsal arm plate; (D–E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Cd: condyles; Damf: distal aboral muscle fixation; Deomf: distal oral external muscle fixation; Doimf: distal oral internal muscle fixation; pe: perforation; Peamf: proximal external muscle fixation; Piamf: proximal internal aboral muscle fixation; Pk: protruding knobs; Pomf: proximal oral muscle fixation; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	FIGURE 12. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828) internal structures. (A) genital plates; (B) dental plate; (C) dorsal arm plate; (D–E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Cd: condyles; Damf: distal aboral muscle fixation; Deomf: distal oral external muscle fixation; Doimf: distal oral internal muscle fixation; pe: perforation; Peamf: proximal external muscle fixation; Piamf: proximal internal aboral muscle fixation; Pk: protruding knobs; Pomf: proximal oral muscle fixation; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94BC3402DFE7E86A6C7FE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318599	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94BC3402DFE7E86A6C7FE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318666/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318666	FIGURE 26. Ophiothrix tommasii Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020 internal structures. (A) modified arm spine; (B–C) dental plate; (D) tooth; (E) dorsal arm plate; (F) ventral arm plate; (G–I) lateral arm plate; (J) arm spine; (K) dorsal vertebra view; (L) ventral vertebra view; (M) proximal vertebra view; (N) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2462.	FIGURE 26. Ophiothrix tommasii Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020 internal structures. (A) modified arm spine; (B–C) dental plate; (D) tooth; (E) dorsal arm plate; (F) ventral arm plate; (G–I) lateral arm plate; (J) arm spine; (K) dorsal vertebra view; (L) ventral vertebra view; (M) proximal vertebra view; (N) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2462.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94BC3402DFE7E86A6C7FE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318589/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318589	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94BC3402DFE7E86A6C7FE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318593/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318593	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94BC3402DFE7E86A6C7FE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318601/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318601	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94BC3402DFE7E86A6C7FE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318603	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94BC3402DFE7E86A6C7FE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318622/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318622	FIGURE 13. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: abradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	FIGURE 13. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: abradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA94BC3402DFE7E86A6C7FE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318624/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318624	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA947C3452DFE7A6CA3A1FAB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318589/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318589	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA947C3452DFE7A6CA3A1FAB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318642/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318642	FIGURE 19. Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ ECH–2492.	FIGURE 19. Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ ECH–2492.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA947C3452DFE7A6CA3A1FAB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318599	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA947C3452DFE7A6CA3A1FAB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318626/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318626	FIGURE 15. Ophiophragmus luetkeni (Ljungman, 1872). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) adoral shield; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2456.	FIGURE 15. Ophiophragmus luetkeni (Ljungman, 1872). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) adoral shield; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2456.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA947C3452DFE7A6CA3A1FAB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318632/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318632	FIGURE 16. Ophiophragmus luetkeni (Ljungman, 1872) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2456.	FIGURE 16. Ophiophragmus luetkeni (Ljungman, 1872) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2456.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318624/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318624	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318654/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318654	FIGURE 23. Ophiothrix brasiliensis Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm.Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2455.	FIGURE 23. Ophiothrix brasiliensis Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm.Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2455.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318591/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318591	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318648/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318648	FIGURE 21. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield, (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; ribs: rib-like branching structures; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	FIGURE 21. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield, (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; ribs: rib-like branching structures; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318589/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318589	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318599	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318603	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318601/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318601	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318634/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318634	FIGURE 17. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872. (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	FIGURE 17. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872. (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA942C3792DFE7E0EA0CFFF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318638/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318638	FIGURE 18. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (K) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Damf: distal aboral muscle fixation; Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Deomf: distal oral external muscle fixation; Dg: dorsal groove; Doimf: distal oral internal muscle fixation; pe: perforation; Pomf: proximal oral muscle fixation; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	FIGURE 18. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (K) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Damf: distal aboral muscle fixation; Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Deomf: distal oral external muscle fixation; Dg: dorsal groove; Doimf: distal oral internal muscle fixation; pe: perforation; Pomf: proximal oral muscle fixation; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318599	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318601/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318601	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318593/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318593	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318632/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318632	FIGURE 16. Ophiophragmus luetkeni (Ljungman, 1872) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2456.	FIGURE 16. Ophiophragmus luetkeni (Ljungman, 1872) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2456.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318634/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318634	FIGURE 17. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872. (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	FIGURE 17. Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1872. (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2460.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318662/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318662	FIGURE 25. Ophiothrix tommasii Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2462.	FIGURE 25. Ophiothrix tommasii Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2462.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318591/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318591	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318648/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318648	FIGURE 21. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield, (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; ribs: rib-like branching structures; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	FIGURE 21. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield, (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; ribs: rib-like branching structures; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318589/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318589	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318624/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318624	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318608/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318608	FIGURE 8. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	FIGURE 8. Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914 internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2444.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318603	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318642/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318642	FIGURE 19. Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ ECH–2492.	FIGURE 19. Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ ECH–2492.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97EC3782DFE794CA056F884.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318646/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318646	FIGURE 20. Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) tooth; (C) dorsal arm plate; (D) ventral arm plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2492.	FIGURE 20. Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) tooth; (C) dorsal arm plate; (D) ventral arm plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2492.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318589/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318589	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	FIGURE 1. External morphology of Ophiuroidea. (A) dorsal surface of the disc; (B) ventral surface of the disc; (C) jaws; (D) dorsal arm; (E) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; RS: radial shield; T: teeth; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318648/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318648	FIGURE 21. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield, (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; ribs: rib-like branching structures; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	FIGURE 21. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield, (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; ribs: rib-like branching structures; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318593/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318593	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 3. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) madreporite; (E) adoral shield; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; IPa: infradental papillae; LOPa: lateral oral papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; Osh: oral shield; SP: spur; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318601/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318601	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 5. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; AP: accessory plate; BS: bursal slits; BSc: bucal scale; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; LyOs: Lyman’s ossicle; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318591/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318591	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318624/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318624	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	FIGURE 14. Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lütken, 1859) internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) dorsal vertebra view; (K) ventral vertebra view; (L) proximal vertebra view; (M) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2452.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318599	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318612/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318612	FIGURE 9. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866. (A–B), dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) adoral shield; (E) jaw; (F) oral plate external; (G) oral plate internal; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2482.	FIGURE 9. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866. (A–B), dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) adoral shield; (E) jaw; (F) oral plate external; (G) oral plate internal; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; ASp: arm spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2482.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318603	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA97AC3722DFE7927A327FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318650/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318650	FIGURE 22. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) modified arm spine; (B–C) dental plate; (D) tooth; (E) dorsal arm plate; (F) ventral arm plate; (G–I) lateral arm plate; (J) arm spine; (K) dorsal vertebra view; (L) ventral vertebra view; (M) proximal vertebra view; (N) distal vertebra view.Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	FIGURE 22. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) modified arm spine; (B–C) dental plate; (D) tooth; (E) dorsal arm plate; (F) ventral arm plate; (G–I) lateral arm plate; (J) arm spine; (K) dorsal vertebra view; (L) ventral vertebra view; (M) proximal vertebra view; (N) distal vertebra view.Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA975C3712DFE7D67A1E0F8B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318591/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318591	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	FIGURE 2. Latitudinal distribution of sampling points along the coast of the State of Paraíba.Abbreviations: BB: Bessa beach; CB: Carapibus beach; CBB: Cabo Branco beach; FBR: Formosa beach reef; FBS: Formosa beach sand; MR: Mamanguape reefs; TB: Tambaba beach.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA975C3712DFE7D67A1E0F8B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318599	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	FIGURE 4. Ophioderma appressum (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D–F) lateral arm plate; (G) arm spine; (H) dorsal vertebra view; (I) ventral vertebra view; (J) proximal vertebra view; (k) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2446.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA975C3712DFE7D67A1E0F8B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318648/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318648	FIGURE 21. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield, (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; ribs: rib-like branching structures; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	FIGURE 21. Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825). (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield, (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; ribs: rib-like branching structures; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine. vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2471.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA975C3712DFE7D67A1E0F8B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318603	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	FIGURE 6. Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) internal structures. (A) dental plate; (B) dorsal arm plate; (C) ventral arm plate; (D) acessory plate; (E–G) lateral arm plate; (H) arm spine; (I) dorsal vertebra view; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH-2438.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA975C3712DFE7D67A1E0F8B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318654/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318654	FIGURE 23. Ophiothrix brasiliensis Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm.Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2455.	FIGURE 23. Ophiothrix brasiliensis Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) oral shield; (G) adoral shield; (H) dorsal arm; (I) ventral arm.Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2455.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA975C3712DFE7D67A1E0F8B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318658/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318658	FIGURE 24. Ophiothrix brasiliensis Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020 internal structures. (A–B) disc spines with denticles; (C–D) dental plate; (E) tooth; (F) dorsal arm plate; (G) ventral arm plate; (H–J) lateral arm plate; (K) arm spine; (L) dorsal vertebra view; (M) ventral vertebra view; (N) proximal vertebra view; (O) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2455.	FIGURE 24. Ophiothrix brasiliensis Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020 internal structures. (A–B) disc spines with denticles; (C–D) dental plate; (E) tooth; (F) dorsal arm plate; (G) ventral arm plate; (H–J) lateral arm plate; (K) arm spine; (L) dorsal vertebra view; (M) ventral vertebra view; (N) proximal vertebra view; (O) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2455.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA971C36B2DFE7891A0EFFC46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318614/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318614	FIGURE 10. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866 internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view.Abbreviations: Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH– 2482.	FIGURE 10. Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866 internal structures. (A–B) dental plate; (C) tooth; (D) dorsal arm plate; (E) ventral arm plate; (F–H) lateral arm plate; (I) arm spine; (J) ventral vertebra view; (K) proximal vertebra view; (L) distal vertebra view.Abbreviations: Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH– 2482.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA971C36B2DFE7891A0EFFC46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318616/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318616	FIGURE 11. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	FIGURE 11. Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828). (A–B) dorsal disc; (C) ventral disc; (D) jaw; (E) oral plate external; (F) oral plate internal; (G) dorsal arm; (H) ventral arm.Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp: secondary adoral shield spine; Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle area; AdSh: adoral shield; AdShSp: adoral shield spine; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; IPa: infradental papillae; Mad: madreporite; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; pp: primary plate; Rc: radial channel; RS: radial shield; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2518.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA971C36B2DFE7891A0EFFC46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318662/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318662	FIGURE 25. Ophiothrix tommasii Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2462.	FIGURE 25. Ophiothrix tommasii Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020. (A) dorsal disc; (B) ventral disc; (C) jaw; (D) oral plate external; (E) oral plate internal; (F) dorsal arm; (G) ventral arm. Abbreviations: Abja: abradial joint area; Abma: abradial muscle area; Adja: adradial joint area; Adma: adradial muscle área; AdSh: adoral shield; BS: bursal slits; DAP: dorsal arm plate; DASp: dorsalmost arm spine; dTCt: dorsal tentacle compartment; Mad: madreporite; OP: oral plate; OPrs: Oral plate ridge spine; Osh: oral shield; Rc: radial channel; ribs: rib-like branching structures; RS: radial shield; TPa: tooth papillae; TSc: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate; VAP-1: first ventral arm plate; VASp: ventral most arm spine; vTCt: ventral tentacle compartment. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2462.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
03F387FFA971C36B2DFE7891A0EFFC46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/17318666/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17318666	FIGURE 26. Ophiothrix tommasii Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020 internal structures. (A) modified arm spine; (B–C) dental plate; (D) tooth; (E) dorsal arm plate; (F) ventral arm plate; (G–I) lateral arm plate; (J) arm spine; (K) dorsal vertebra view; (L) ventral vertebra view; (M) proximal vertebra view; (N) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2462.	FIGURE 26. Ophiothrix tommasii Santana, Manso, Almeida & Alves, 2020 internal structures. (A) modified arm spine; (B–C) dental plate; (D) tooth; (E) dorsal arm plate; (F) ventral arm plate; (G–I) lateral arm plate; (J) arm spine; (K) dorsal vertebra view; (L) ventral vertebra view; (M) proximal vertebra view; (N) distal vertebra view. Abbreviations: Ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; Dg: dorsal groove; Dma: dorsal muscle area; pe: perforation; Pk: protruding knobs; S: septum; Sa: spine articulation; Ts: tooth sockets; TPas: tooth papillae sockets; Vg: ventral groove; Vma: ventral muscle area; Zd: zygocondyle; Zp: zygosphene. Specimen UFPB/ECH–2462.	2025-09-02	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica		Zenodo	biologists	Silva, Jailma Ferreira Da;Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey;Prata, Jéssica			
