identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F4B8111347FA03FF50FB16CAC3F901.text	03F4B8111347FA03FF50FB16CAC3F901.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus hallae Brown, Leschen & Groenteman 2025	<div><p>Clypeolus hallae Brown, Leschen &amp; Groenteman sp. nov.</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B0225E39-0E40-4143-AA3F-EF4CCC7BF2A5</p><p>(Figures 1–14)</p><p>Description: Body length 4.31 mm to 5.54 mm (x̄ = 4.80 mm, s = 0.52, n = 4), height 2.21 mm to 2.85 mm (x̄ = 2.50 mm, s = 0.27, n = 4).</p><p>In fresh specimens, all surfaces densely covered with broad, ribbed, loosely appressed, subcircular scales predominantly light grey or light bluish grey in colour, but with scattered mottling of black scales (Figures 1–2). These black scales form a vague semicircle on the pronotum anda dark, diffusely hourglass-shaped area on the centre of the elytral disc from the anterior 1/3 to the elytral declivity. This darker area roughly outlines a medial pale area on the anterior 1/3 of the elytral disc and a vague oblique pale strip originating from the midpoint of interstria 8 and extending to interstria 4 at the elytral declivity. A patch of bright scales forms a small macula towards elytral apex, at junction between interstriae 5 and 8. Dorsum without extensive narrow, erect scales; though some broad scales clothing the dorsum are inclined, resulting in an unkempt, shaggy appearance.</p><p>Head: Tuft of erect pale scales in front of eyes. Vertex between eyes clothed with scales of similar colour to behind eyes and pronotum.</p><p>Rostrum: Females with rostrum longer and thinner than males, length 1.33 mm to 1.70 mm (x̄ = 1.52 mm, s = 0.26, n = 2), width 0.51 mm to 0.55 mm (x̄ = 0.53 mm, s = 0.03, n = 2), length/width ratio 2.61 to 3.09 (x̄ = 2.85, s = 0.34, n = 2), bare at apex, epifrons flattened. Males with rostrum shorter and wider, length 1.23 mm to 1.25 mm (x̄ = 1.24 mm, s = 0.01, n = 2), width 0.53 mm to 0.54 mm (x̄ = 0.54 mm, s = 0.01, n = 2), length/width ratio 2.28 to 2.36 (x̄ = 2.32, s = 0.06, n = 2), scaled to apex, epifrons weakly convex. Antennae inserted about midpoint.</p><p>Antennae: Scape densely squamose; short, about as long as first two funicle segments combined. Funicle segments 1 and 2 subequal in length, about 2 × longer than segment 3; segments getting consecutively shorter and broader distad. Club fusiform, segment 1 making up about 1/2 total length of club.</p><p>Pronotum: Length 1.45 mm to 1.91 mm (x̄ = 1.65 mm, s = 0.20, n = 4), width across anterior margin 1.04 mm to 1.30 mm (x̄ = 1.13 mm, s = 0.12, n = 4), width across posterior margin 1.93 mm to 2.52 mm (x̄ = 2.15 mm, s = 0.26, n = 4), ratio of length to width across posterior margin 0.75 to 0.80 (x̄ = 0.77, s = 0.03, n = 4). Anterior margin medially emarginate, flanked by tufts of erect scales. In dorsal view, lateral margins weakly sinuous: constricted in anterior 1/3, subparallel in posterior 2/3, resulting in the posterior margin being 1.9 × the width of the anterior margin. Disc of pronotum in posterior portion convex, but not strongly; a medial carina present. Dorsal margin of pronotum in lateral view level. Posterior margin straight. Pleural area convex, slightly paler than disc, but not strongly contrasting; evenly curved to disc, without a strong demarcation between the two.</p><p>Elytra: Length 3.25 mm to 4.05 mm (x̄ = 3.46 mm, s = 0.40, n = 4), width across widest point (approximately mid-length) 2.52 mm to 3.32 mm (x̄ = 2.87 mm, s = 0.34, n = 4), length/width ratio 1.14 to 1.29 (x̄ = 1.21, s = 0.06, n = 4). Humeri projecting anteriad of posterior margin of pronotum. Base of interstriae 3 and 5 slightly swollen, 5 more so than 3. Elytral striae with large, rectangular punctures, usually concealed by vestiture. Disc with inconspicuous fascicles of raised scales on interstria 2 before the declivity and interstria 5 at summit of declivity. The lateral pale patches are subtle, but can be discerned; not reaching forward to humeri but starting at about the anterior 1/4. Interstria 8 subcarinate, especially posterior of the midpoint. Disc level in lateral view, on same plane as the pronotal disc; lateral margins descending strongly, such that the apex is substantially below the abdomen. Apex broadly rounded in dorsal view.</p><p>Legs: All femora bearing a short, acute ventral tooth in distal 1/3, often somewhat obscured by scales.</p><p>Abdomen: Ventrite 1 evenly convex in females; concave in males. Paired dark maculae flanking medial line of ventrite 2.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figures 3–6): Penis with apex acuminate; ventral surface poorly sclerotised; two large rectangular sclerites present toward the base of penis, apparently dorsally positioned and free; base somewhat produced anteriad and truncate (Figure 3). Temones very long, nearly 3 × as long as body of penis; width fairly even throughout length, but narrowing towards penis; joined to penis subbasally (Figure 4). Endophallus with large, strongly sclerotised, Y-shaped sclerite and fields of papillae (Figure 3). Tegmen incomplete, broken on dorsum between parameroid lobes; ring broad, especially ventrally in the transition to the manubrium; parameroid lobes large, nearly as long at body of penis, clothed with stout setae proximally and elongate setae apically (Figure 3); manubrium about 1.5 × as long as parameroid lobes. Spiculum gastrale shorter than temones (Figure 5); arms of basal plate lobate, widely divergent (Figure 6). Hemisternites 8 narrow (Figure 6).</p><p>Female genitalia (Figures 7–10): Tergite 8 strongly sclerotised, isosceles trapezium-shaped with the apical margin narrower than the basal margin, broadly emarginate and strongly toothed (Figure 7). Styli subcylindrical, apically clothed with numerous setae (Figure 8). Hemisternites elongate, broader at base than at apex in dorsal view (Figure 8); broadest in middle in lateral view (Figure 9). Vagina and bursa copulatrix membranous, no sclerites present in either part; common oviduct inserted just apicad of middle. Spermatheca semi-circular, apex broadly rounded, no apparent projection for insertion of the lobe or duct; gland large, globular (Figure 9). Sternite 8 large, total length about as long as ovipositor; basal plate about 2/3 the length of the spiculum ventrale, broadly lobed apically, bearing fine setae, weakly sclerotised medially, posterior angles square (Figure 10).</p><p>3</p><p>4</p><p>5</p><p>6</p><p>Larvae: Body length 3.33 mm to 6.23 mm (x̄ = 5.05 mm, s = 0.97, n = 9); prothorax height 1.20 mm to 2.10 mm (x̄ = 1.61 mm, s = 0.27, n = 9); stout, strongly curved, tapering posteriad. Head width 0.94 mm to 1.51 mm (x̄ = 1.18 mm, s = 0.18, n = 9), hypognathus; strongly pigmented red-brown darkening to black along oral margin, sutures pallid, two broad pallid lines either side of middle of vertex isolating two red-brown crescents at top of head; frontal sutures conspicuous, straight not undulate; endocarinal line present, about 1/2 length of frons; anterior margin entire. Two pairs of ocelli present; anterior pair large, circular, positioned on frontal suture near base of mandible; posterior pair faint, ring-shaped, positioned near dorsoepicranial seta 5. Antennae conical. Tormae strongly sclerotised, divergent apicad. Pronotum variably pigmented, glabrous. Premental sclerite trident-shaped with lateral arms smoothly arcuate and with basal arm acuminate. Prothorax with large oval spiracle. Prosternum slightly pigmented. Setae pallid, generally short and inconspicuous, but with longer setae on the dorsum of Abd 6–9. Abdominal segments with three dorsal folds; spiracles small, circular, poorly pigmented. Anus terminal, 4-lobed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B8111347FA03FF50FB16CAC3F901	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B811134DFA0FFF50FA36CC19F808.text	03F4B811134DFA0FFF50FA36CC19F808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus binodes (Broun) Lyal 1993	<div><p>Clypeolus binodes (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 15–17)</p><p>Acalles binodes Broun, 1921a: 657 . Type locality: Martinborough.</p><p>Clypeolus binodes (Broun) Lyal, 1993: 66 .</p><p>Diagnosis: Small, densely clothed with large, overlapping, light brown scales; frequently with a pale subquadrate macula on the elytral suture at the summit of the elytral declivity and a small pale yellow spot on the junction of interstriae 5 and 8 near the apex. Elytra with anterior margin roughly equal in width to the midpoint. Readily distinguished from all other described species of Clypeolus by the large tubercles located on the elytral declivity.</p><p>Distribution: North Island: GB, WN, WA. South Island: NC.</p><p>Remarks: Differs from the presently undescribed species in MK and CO by the subparallel lateral margins of the anterior 1/2 of the elytra in dorsal view (cf. strongly rounded, with the anterior margin of the elytra narrower than the width across the middle in the putative undescribed species) and by having the humeral angle and the base of interstria 5 only slightly raised (cf. tuberculate in the putative undescribed species, making the anterior margin of the elytra emarginate between the bases of interstriae 5 and 7).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B811134DFA0FFF50FA36CC19F808	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B811134CFA0EFF50FC89CE00FACF.text	03F4B811134CFA0EFF50FC89CE00FACF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus brookesi (Broun 1923) Kuschel 1990	<div><p>Clypeolus brookesi (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 18–20)</p><p>Acalles brookesi Broun, 1923: 703 . Type locality: Pakarau, North Auckland.</p><p>Clypeolus brookesi (Broun) Kuschel, 1990: 79 .</p><p>Diagnosis: A small, rotund, highly patterned species. Differs from C. cilicollis by having the elytra more broadly rounded towards the apex; the pale patches on the elytra are very distinct and are triangular in shape, with the posterior margin transverse and acute angles at the suture; the abdominal ventrites are very densely clothed with short, rounded scales that conceal the integument on the lateral parts of the ventrites.</p><p>Distribution: North Island: ND, AK, CL (Little Barrier Island), BP.</p><p>Remarks: Kuschel (1990) reared a specimen from dead branches of Coprosma macrocarpa . Specimens from the Te Paki (ND) region differ from specimens elsewhere on the Northland Peninsula in a number of ways, including by having the apex of the aedeagus acute, whereas populations elsewhere have the apex of the aedeagus truncate. It is likely that the Te Paki specimens represent a distinct species, but it is outside the scope of this paper to formally describe it here.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B811134CFA0EFF50FC89CE00FACF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B811134FFA0DFF50FF23CAD6FD38.text	03F4B811134FFA0DFF50FF23CAD6FD38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus cilicollis (Broun) Lyal 1993	<div><p>Clypeolus cilicollis (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 21–23)</p><p>Acalles cilicollis Broun, 1921b: 572 . Type locality: Green Bay, Auckland</p><p>Clypeolus cilicollis (Broun) Lyal, 1993: 67</p><p>Diagnosis: A small, rotund, highly patterned species. Similar to C. brookesi, but differs in having the elytra more strongly acuminate towards apex; the pale maculae on the middle of the elytra being strap-shaped with an oblique posterior margin formed by a line of raised scales; and the abdominal ventrites possess elongate scales that are sparsely distributed on the lateral regions of the ventrites, with the integument visible between scales. This species has erect setae on the elytra that are distinctly clubbed at the apex and are the longest and thinnest of any of the known species of Clypeolus, resembling the setae possessed by species in the genera Agacalles Broun, 1886 and Metacalles Broun, 1893 .</p><p>Distribution: North Island: ND, AK, WO.</p><p>Remarks: Clypeolus cilicollis and C. brookesi are evidently closely related. This species is rare in collections.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B811134FFA0DFF50FF23CAD6FD38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B811134FFA0AFF50FA8ECB28FBDB.text	03F4B811134FFA0AFF50FA8ECB28FBDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus cineraceus Broun 1909	<div><p>Clypeolus cineraceus Broun</p><p>(Figures 24–44)</p><p>Clypeolus cineraceus Broun, 1909: 143 . Type locality: Broken River .</p><p>= Tychanus complexus Broun, 1921a: 648 New synonym . Type locality: Wadestown, Wellington.</p><p>= Acalles fuscidorsis Broun, 1909: 143 New synonym . Type locality: Invercargill.</p><p>= Acalles notoporhinus Broun, 1914a: 132 New synonym . Type locality: Mt Te Aroha .</p><p>= Tychanus simulans Broun, 1921a: 648 New synonym . Type locality: Titahi Bay, Porirua.</p><p>= Tychanus squamosus Broun, 1914b: 239 New synonym . Type locality: Pudding Hill, Methven.</p><p>= Tychanus terricola Broun, 1921a: 649 New synonym . Type locality: Tauherenikau Bush, Featherston.</p><p>Diagnosis: Large, broadly rounded. Highly variable in colour pattern, dorsal surfaces clothed with scales in various shades of dark, yellowish and pale browns and tans. Pronotum with lateral margins strongly sinuous in dorsal view; disc flattened, with a strongly disjunct margin between the dorsum and pleural areas, made more pronounced by a fringe of erect scales along this margin; a short carina present on the base anterior of the scutellar area. Elytra strongly convex, summit substantially higher than disc of pronotum in lateral view; prominent tubercles on interstria 3 near the base and interstria 5 at the top of the declivity; numerous smaller tubercles near the base; the lateral pale patches usually contrast poorly against the base colour of the elytra and have a curved anterior margin that terminates at the base of interstria 5.</p><p>Distribution: North Island: WO, HB, RI, TK, WN. South Island: SD, NN, MC, DN, SL. Stewart Island: SI (including Codfish I.).</p><p>Remarks: This is the largest and most widespread species of Clypeolus, and is one of the most commonly encountered species. It is reasonably distinct and is unlikely to be confused with other species, except perhaps C. lachrymosus . The highly variable colouration of this species led Broun to describe six nominal taxa that we here synonymise with C. cineraceus . The type specimens of these nominal taxa all differ most conspicuously in the colour of the vestiture and the degree to which the elytral tubercles are developed: C. cineraceus Broun has the dorsum of the pronotum clothed with brown scales which do not strongly contrast with the scales on the pleural area, the scales on the disc of the elytra behind the middle are very pale, the tubercles on the elytra are low and poorly developed (Figures 24 and 25); T. complexus Broun has a yellowish tinge to the scales of the lateral areas of the pronotum and the posterior half of the elytra; the disc of the pronotum has darker brown scales, the tubercles on the elytra are rather strongly developed (Figures 27 and 28); A. fuscidorsis Broun has very dark scales on the pronotal disc and base of the elytra which contrast particularly strongly with very pale scales elsewhere on the body (Figures 30 and 31); A. notoporhinus Broun has the pleural area of the pronotum and the apex of the elytra roughly the same colour as the lateral pale patches and strongly developed elytral tubercles (Figures 33 and 34); T. simulans Broun has the pleural area of the pronotum clothed with pale brown scales and has dark scales on the discs of the pronotum and elytra, on the latter these scales have a relatively low contrast to those making up the lateral pale patches, though this is nonetheless distinct (Figures 36 and 37); T. squamosus Broun has the pleural area of the pronotum clothed with very dark brown scales, and a patch of paler brown scales around the scutellar region which are in turn surrounded by very dark brown scales (Figures 39 and 40); T. terricola Broun has, like A. notoporhinus, the pleural area of the pronotum and the apex of the elytra roughly the same colour as the lateral pale patches but has poorly developed elytral tubercles (Figures 42 and 43). However, none of these colour patterns are consistently expressed, with intermediates found in larger series between all these variants and others also; nor do they appear to be restricted to particular geographic areas. Moreover, as all these nominal taxa possess the distinct characters of C. cineraceus, namely the pronotum having a flattened disc with a short carina at the base, broadly rounded elytra possessing more or less prominent tubercles on interstria 3 near the base and interstria 5 at the top of the declivity, and a curved anterior margin to the lateral pale elytral maculae, we here consider them all to represent a single, variable, species.</p><p>The holotype of Tychanus terricola was one of the last specimens collected by the great beetle collector Thomas Hall, who collected extensively in the South Island and provided Thomas Broun with the bulk of the specimens that Broun held from the South Island. The holotype was collected from Tauherenikau Bush, Featherston, while Hall was undertaking military training at Trentham Camp, Upper Hutt, in preparation for joining the 3rd Battalion of the 3rd New Zealand (Rifles) Brigade (Archives New Zealand 2010). Thomas Hall gave it to Broun in the only recorded meeting between the two men when Hall visited Broun in Mt Albert on 6 October 1916 (Broun 1921a). Thomas Hall departed for Europe on 15 November 1916 on the troop ship “Tahiti” and did not return, dying during the Battle of Passchendaele on 20 August 1917. Note that Thomas Hall is no relation of Grace Hall.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B811134FFA0AFF50FA8ECB28FBDB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B8111348FA0AFF50FB7ACBC5F826.text	03F4B8111348FA0AFF50FB7ACBC5F826.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus lachrymosus (Broun 1881) Kuschel 1990	<div><p>Clypeolus lachrymosus (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 45–50)</p><p>Acalles lachrymosus Broun, 1881: 729 . Type locality: Whangarei Heads.</p><p>Clypeolus lachrymosus (Broun) Kuschel, 1990: 79 .</p><p>= Tychanus dux Broun, 1893: 1240 New synonym . Type locality: Clevedon.</p><p>Clypeolus dux (Broun) Lyal, 1993: 67 .</p><p>Diagnosis: Large; general body shape broadly fusiform. Variable in colouration and development of tubercles and fascia on the elytra. Pronotum with disc evenly convex; clothed with dense scales, often with discrete patches of scales raised so as to form the outline of a vase or a cross. Elytra with pronounced carinae on the humeri; a pronounced carina also present on interstria 8; the lateral pale patches vary in the degree of contrast with the base colour of the elytra, but they are usually more distinct than in C. cineraceus, with oblique anterior margins that often terminate behind the humeri. The elytra are proportionally longer and more narrowly rounded at the apex than C. cineraceus .</p><p>Distribution: North Island: ND, AK, CL (including Great Barrier I.), GB, TO.</p><p>Remarks: Many specimens have been collected from leaf litter. Specimens have been reared from the dead wood of various tree species, including mānuka ( Leptopermum scoparium), heketara ( Olearia rani), karamū ( Coprosma lucida, the association recorded using the synonym Coprosma australis), and porokaiwhiri ( Hedycarya arborea) (May 1987; Lyal 1993). Kuschel (1990) found it in association with Solanum mauritanum .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B8111348FA0AFF50FB7ACBC5F826	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B811134BFA17FF50FAF6CEFAFE0B.text	03F4B811134BFA17FF50FAF6CEFAFE0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus maritimus (Broun) Lyal 1993	<div><p>Clypeolus maritimus (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 51–56)</p><p>Acalles maritimus Broun, 1893: 1236 . Type locality: Mokohinau Islands .</p><p>Clypeolus maritimus (Broun) Lyal, 1993: 68 .</p><p>= Acalles cryptobius Broun, 1893: 1236 (Synonymised by Lewis, 1902: 204). Type locality: Mokohinau Islands .</p><p>Diagnosis of maritimus form: Densely covered with overlapping light brown to moderate yellowish brown appressed scales and scattered erect scales on the pronotum and elytral interstriae (Figures 51 and 52). Fascicles formed by clusters of erect scales present on interstriae 2 and 4 above the elytral declivity. Elytra relatively longer (about 1.3 times longer than wide). Rostrum curved in lateral view.</p><p>Diagnosis of cryptobius form: Densely covered with tessellate round yellowish white to yellowish grey scales, lacking erect scales on the pronotum and elytra (Figures 54 and 55). Fascicles absent. Elytra relatively shorter (about 1.2 times longer than wide). Rostrum straight in lateral view.</p><p>Distribution: Known only from the Mokohinau Islands (ND). Specimens with similar morphologies have been collected from other islands in the Hauraki Gulf and around the Coromandel Peninsula, but subtle differences between these and the type series make assigning these specimens to C. maritimus uncertain.</p><p>Remarks: The two nominal taxa currently synonymised with each other were collected from the Mokohinau Islands by Andreas (“P.”) Fremming Stewart Sandager and were described by Broun in the same work (Broun 1893), indeed on the same page (The holotype of C. veratrus was also collected at the same time and described in the same work). They were synonymised by Lewis (1902), who recognised A. maritimus as the male and A. cryptobius as the female. This action was followed, without further comment, by Hustache (1936) and Lyal (1993). As is clear from the photographs of the type specimens and the two diagnoses above, the type specimens differ substantially. Our first impulse was to remove C. cryptobius from synonymy as a valid species. However, examination of the six specimens available in NZAC shows that four of the five specimens corresponding to C. maritimus have been dissected and are males, while the only specimen of C. cryptobius in NZAC is a female. Most of these specimens are unlabelled, but one (undissected) specimen bears a label reading ‘Lewis Col.’ and the apparent age of the others suggests they were collected at a similar time to the type series. It is likely that these six specimens were, in fact, the specimens that Lewis obtained from Sandager (Lewis 1902) and used to arrive at his decision to synonymise the two nominal species. This suggests that this species could be displaying a degree of sexual dimorphism hitherto unrecognised within Clypeolus .</p><p>Populations of Clypeolus on other islands around the north-east coast of the North Island exhibit morphologies similar to both of these nominal taxa. Specimens with smooth, tessellate scales corresponding to the cryptobius morphology are known from Rangitoto I., Cuvier I., and the Poor Knights Is. Specimens with fascicles on interstriae 2 and 4 above the elytral declivity and numerous erect scales on the pronotum and elytra, corresponding to the maritimus morphology, are known from the Noises Is, Hen and Chickens Is, Cuvier I., and Motutapu I. Further research will be required to ascertain whether C. maritimus is more widely distributed, or whether these populations represent additional species in the complex.</p><p>The islands around the northeast coastline of the North Island have populations of Clypeolus that exhibit immense variation. On Cuvier Island (CL), for example, at least five morphologies are represented. Some of these can be confidentely referred to as species like C. signatus and C. pascoei, while other morphologies resemble C. cryptobius, C. maritimus and C. veratrus, but not exactly. The complex interplay of restricted gene flow between populations of a highly morphologically plastic and sexually dimorphic species may be responsible for promoting these highly variable populations.</p><p>It is noteworthy that there are no recent specimens of any genuine C. maritimus from the Mokohinau Islands, despite insect collectors having visited the islands during the intervening period between its description and now. In particular, the prolific collector G. (Willy) Kuschel spent 4 days on the islands in the late summer of 1978 (Esler 1978), yet no specimens of C. maritimus originating from this trip have been located. If this species is indeed restricted to the Mokohinau Islands, this puts it into a similar threat category as Geodorcus ithaginis (Broun) ( Coleoptera: Lucanidae).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B811134BFA17FF50FAF6CEFAFE0B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B8111355FA17FF50FE4ACE54FA55.text	03F4B8111355FA17FF50FE4ACE54FA55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus pascoei (Broun 1880) Kuschel 1982	<div><p>Clypeolus pascoei (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 57–65)</p><p>Acalles pascoei Broun, 1880: 491 . Type locality: Auckland.</p><p>Clypeolus pascoei (Broun) Kuschel, 1982: 275 .</p><p>= Acalles ingens Broun, 1893: 1236 (Synonymised by Kuschel, 1982: 275). Type locality: Tiritiri Matangi Island .</p><p>= Acalles dentigerus Broun, 1917: 455 (Synonymised by Kuschel, 1982: 275). Type locality: Muriwai.</p><p>Diagnosis: Pleural area of the prothorax densely clothed with scales of similar colour to the disc of the pronotum; a band of pale scales may be present along the lateral margin of the pronotum and a patch of about 4 pale scales are present in the centre of the pleural area, but these do not extensively cover the pleural area as in C. brookesi and C. cilicollis . The number and placement of the fascicles on the elytra differ between individuals, even in the same population. Some have small fascicles scattered over much of the elytral disc, others have large, nearly contiguous fascicles on interstria 3, forming crests reminiscent of C. veratrus . Legs with femoral teeth very small and inconspicuous.</p><p>Distribution: North Island: ND, AK (including the Noises Is), CL (including the Mercury Is, The Aldermen Is, and Mayor I.), WO, BP, GB, TO. Norfolk Island.</p><p>Remarks: Clypeolus pascoei and C. veratrus are evidently closely related. However, the two species are sympatric on some islands, including the Noises Is, the Mercury Is, the Mokohinau Is, and The Aldermen Is. Further research to investigate their relationship and their ecological differences is warranted.</p><p>Specimens attributable to this species have also been collected from Norfolk Island (specimens in QM). Norfolk Island is an isolated island with high endemism, and it is perhaps surprising that these specimens could be considered conspecific with Clypeolus pascoei . However, there have been connections between Norfolk Island and northern New Zealand for much of the human history of both landmasses, and it is possible that this species was introduced to Norfolk Island through human activities; for example, harakeke ( Phormium tenax) is likely to have been introduced to Norfolk Island from northern New Zealand by Māori (Shepherd et al. 2023; Smissen and Scheele 2022), and C. pascoei may have been inadvertently transported along these same pathways.</p><p>Kuschel (1990) reared specimens of this species from kiekie ( Freycinetia banksii) and akepiro ( Olearia furfuracea).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B8111355FA17FF50FE4ACE54FA55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B8111355FA16FF50F9F1CE7BFE2F.text	03F4B8111355FA16FF50F9F1CE7BFE2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus robustus (Broun) Lyal 1993	<div><p>Clypeolus robustus (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 66–68)</p><p>Acalles robustus Broun, 1909: 148 . Type locality: Mt Te Aroha .</p><p>Clypeolus robustus (Broun) Lyal, 1993: 68 .</p><p>Diagnosis: Pronotum with a vase-shaped area circumscribed by raised scales on the disc; posterior margin curved. Elytra narrower at anterior margin than at midpoint; dorsal margin in lateral view strongly curved; narrow, elongate depressions present on the disc, these being readily visible in the somewhat abraded type specimen, but may be concealed by scales in fresh specimens; pale elytral maculae delimited posteriorly by a crest of raised scales.</p><p>The vase-shaped pattern on the pronotum is similar to C. lachrymosus, but this species differs by having the posterior margin of the pronotum curved (cf. straight in C. lachrymosus), the elytra being narrower across the anterior margin than at the midpoint (cf. approximately of similar width across midpoint as at the anterior margin in C. lachrymosus and lacking a strongly pronounced carina on interstria 8 (that is present in C. lachrymosus).</p><p>Distribution: North Island: BP.</p><p>Remarks: No other specimens attributable to C. robustus have yet been located in New Zealand collections, and this species is currently known only from the syntypes held in the NHM. Although Lyal identified a specimen in NZAC from Titirangi (AK) as this species, after examination of this specimen SDJB believes it is better attributed to C. pascoei .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B8111355FA16FF50F9F1CE7BFE2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B8111357FA15FF50FC89CC3EFA24.text	03F4B8111357FA15FF50FC89CC3EFA24.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus signatus (Broun 1880) Kuschel 1982	<div><p>Clypeolus signatus (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 69–77)</p><p>Acalles signatus Broun, 1880: 491 (non Blanchard, 1851: 411). Type locality: Auckland .</p><p>Clypeolus signatus (Broun) Kuschel, 1982: 276 .</p><p>= Acalles xanthostictus Broun, 1893: 1237 (Synonymised by Kuschel, 1982: 276). Type locality: Mokohinau Islands .</p><p>= Acalles flynni Broun, 1914a: 131 (Synonymised by Kuschel, 1982: 276). Type locality: Great Barrier Island .</p><p>Diagnosis: Dorsum with abundant erect narrow setae in addition to appressed scales; fascicles absent. Lateral pale patches often strongly contrasting against darker-coloured scales surrounding it, but colour highly variable, including through age, wear and cleanliness. Conspicuous bright macula at apex of elytra around the junction of interstriae 5 and 8 almost always visible. Femoral teeth minute.</p><p>Distribution: North Island: ND (including the Poor Knights Is and Mokohinau Is), AK (including Noises Is, Waiheke I., Tiritiri Matangi I.), CL (Including Little Barrier I., Mercury Is, Ohena Is), BP.</p><p>Remarks: Specimens of this species have been collected from leaf litter and pitfall traps. It was collected frequently in Lynfield, Auckland, where an association with sedges was noted (Kuschel 1990), with specimens being reared from the decaying culms of tatangi ( Gahnia lacera).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B8111357FA15FF50FC89CC3EFA24	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B8111357FA15FF50FA67CC7FF811.text	03F4B8111357FA15FF50FA67CC7FF811.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus sympedioides (Broun) Lyal 1993	<div><p>Clypeolus sympedioides (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 78–80)</p><p>Acalles sympedioides Broun, 1893: 1386 . Type locality: Moeraki.</p><p>Clypeolus sympedioides (Broun) Lyal, 1993: 69 .</p><p>Diagnosis: Dorsum covered with brown appressed scales, erect setae absent; fascicles absent, though a small patch of broader scales is found on interstria 5 above the elytral declivity. Posterior margin of pronotum narrower than width of pronotum across middle. Elytral apex somewhat narrowly rounded. Femoral teeth minute. Differs from other currently undescribed species found in the southern part of the South Island by the absence of tubercles on the elytra and by the pronotum being clearly narrower across the posterior margin than its maximum width.</p><p>Distribution: South Island: DN.</p><p>Remarks: This species is known only from the holotype and one other specimen collected from Moeraki by John H. Lewis, potentially at the same time as the holotype.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B8111357FA15FF50FA67CC7FF811	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B8111356FA13FF50F890CA36FE77.text	03F4B8111356FA13FF50F890CA36FE77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus veratrus (Broun 1893) Kuschel 1982	<div><p>Clypeolus veratrus (Broun)</p><p>(Figures 81–83)</p><p>Acalles veratrus Broun, 1893: 1235 . Type locality: Mokohinau Islands .</p><p>Clypeolus veratrus (Broun) Kuschel, 1982: 276 .</p><p>Diagnosis: Substantially larger than C. pascoei . Elytra with the humeral angles forming strong carinae; interstria 3 also strongly carinate and the elytra from here inflexed mediad. In extreme instances, interstriae 9 and 10 are almost on the same plane as the abdominal ventrites. Males are readily distinguished by the long crests of erect setae running along interstria 4. Females lack these crests and can be easily confused with C. pascoei; however, they can be distinguished by their larger size, and by having darker scales on the rostrum and vertex.</p><p>Distribution: North Island: ND (Poor Knights Is, Hen and Chickens Is (Lady Alice I.)), AK (Noises Is, Watchman I.), CL (Great Barrier I., Mercury Is (Great I. &amp; Middle I.), Aldermen Is (Ruamahuaiti)).</p><p>Remarks: This species is restricted to offshore islands. This species appears to be sexually dimorphic, with the females lacking the distinctive elytral crests of the males. This species is evidently closely related to C. pascoei .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B8111356FA13FF50F890CA36FE77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
03F4B8111351FA12FF50F961CAD7FADB.text	03F4B8111351FA12FF50F961CAD7FADB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clypeolus	<div><p>Key to species of Clypeolus</p><p>1. Dorsum covered with abundant erect setae in addition to the underlying appressed scales covering the integument........ 2</p><p>- Dorsum with scattered, clubbed, inclined setae in addition to the underlying appressed scales covering the integument..... 7</p><p>2 (1). Pronotum and elytra without fascicles formed by closely clustered patches of erect scales. Apex of elytra with distinct patches of bright white scales at junction of interstriae 5 and 8. Femoral teeth minute....................... C. signatus (Broun)</p><p>- Pronotum and/or elytra with distinct fascicles formed by close clusters of erect scales. Apex of elytra clothed with scales evenly coloured, without maculae.............................................................................. 3</p><p>3 (2). Fascicles present on the pronotum and on the base of the elytra. Pleural areas of the prothorax clothed with dense pale brown scales, which significantly contrast with darker scales on the disc of the pronotum.................................. 4</p><p>- Fascicles present on the elytra only. Pleural areas of the prothorax densely clothed with scales of similar colour to the disc of the pronotum; no significant contrast between the two........................................................ 5</p><p>4 (3). Elytra in dorsal view evenly narrowing to apex from about midpoint of elytra, apex narrowly rounded; lateral pale patches strap-shaped, composed of greyish yellow scales with a relatively low contrast with the remainder of the elytra, posterior margin oblique and delimited by a line of raised scales. Abdominal ventrites clothed with relatively sparse, elongate scales...................................................................................... C. cilicollis (Broun)</p><p>- Elytra in dorsal view with lateral margins subparallel to apical 1/4, apex broadly rounded; lateral pale patches triangular, composed of yellowish white scales that strongly contrast with the remainder of the elytra, posterior margin transverse. Abdominal ventrites densely clothed with round scales........................................ C. brookesi (Broun)</p><p>5 (3). Fascicles usually scattered on the basal 1/2 of the elytra. Overall colouration variable, with extensive patches of highly contrasting light and dark brown scales; in particular, the vertex and base of the rostrum with a large area of pale yellow scales, and consistently with a small cluster of about four light yellow scales present in the centre of the pleural area of the prothorax surrounded by moderate to dark brown scales................................................. C. pascoei (Broun)</p><p>- Fascicles confined to discrete areas on the disc or the declivity of the elytra. Overall colouration an even light greyish brown, without any areas of strongly contrasting scales............................................................. 6</p><p>6 (5). Disc of elytra with long crests of erect scales extending along interstria 4. Overall body shape squat and oval; elytra broader, 1.11 × longer than wide................................................................. C. veratrus (Broun)</p><p>- Summit of elytral declivity with short fascicles on interstriae 2 and 4. Overall body shape elongate oval; elytra narrower, 1.26 × longer than wide.................................................................... C. maritimus (Broun)</p><p>7 (1). Pronotum with lateral margins weakly sinuous in dorsal view.................................................. 8</p><p>- Pronotum with lateral margins strongly sinuous in dorsal view, strongly constricted in anterior 1/3..................... 9</p><p>8 (7). Scales on dorsum tessellate, closely appressed to surface, resulting in a tidy appearance.................................................................................................. C. maritimus (Broun) ( cryptobius form)</p><p>- Scales on dorsum overlapping, inclined, loosely appressed to surface, resulting in a shaggy appearance.................................................................................................... C. hallae new species</p><p>9 (7). Pronotum with the disc of the posterior portion convex...................................................... 10</p><p>- Pronotum with the disc of the posterior portion with at least the medial area flattened or concave..................... 11</p><p>10 (9). Elytra with large tubercles on interstria 3 above the declivity. Disc of elytra strongly curved in lateral view.................................................................................................... C. binodes (Broun)</p><p>- Elytra without tubercles on interstria 3 above the declivity, though a fascicle of erect scales is present. Disc of elytra level in lateral view....................................................................... C. sympedioides (Broun)</p><p>11 (7). Pronotum with lateral margins in dorsal view weakly sinuate, a relatively weak constriction in anterior 1/3, lateral margins in posterior 2/3 somewhat curved. Elytral striae with large, elongate punctures. Scape shorter and broader... C. robustus (Broun)</p><p>- Pronotum with lateral margins in dorsal view strongly sinuate, with a dramatic constriction in the anterior 1/3, lateral margins in posterior 2/3 subparallel. Elytral striae with smaller, subcircular punctures. Scape elongate and slender.............. 12</p><p>12 (11).Pronotum with a sharp distinction between the dorsal and pleural faces; disc strongly flattened, with broad scales around the margins and forming crests at the apex. Elytra with a broadly rounded apex, the lateral margins in dorsal view evenly curved to apex in posterior 1/4; anterior margin of lateral pale patches curved, extended anteriorly to reach humeri..................................................................................................... C. cineraceus Broun</p><p>- Pronotum with surface evenly curved between the dorsal and pleural faces; disc often with a vase-shaped pattern with the outline made up of erect scales. Elytra with the apex narrowly rounded, in dorsal view the lateral margins often appearing sinuous in the posterior 1/4, where the strong carina on interstria 8 tapers off; lateral pale patches usually distinct; anterior margins oblique, often not extending anteriad of the anterior 1/4.............................. C. lachrymosus (Broun)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4B8111351FA12FF50F961CAD7FADB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brown, Samuel D. J.;Leschen, Richard A. B.;Groenteman, Ronny	Brown, Samuel D. J., Leschen, Richard A. B., Groenteman, Ronny (2025): A new species of the New Zealand endemic weevil genus Clypeolus Broun (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), found attacking an invasive weed, white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L. Lamiales: Lamiaceae). Zootaxa 5717 (4): 544-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.4
