taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F68C0FFFACBD4BFCE5FD389B08FBDC.taxon	type_taxon	TYPE: Diastatea tenera (A. Gray) McVaugh, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 67: 143. 1940.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4BFCE5FD389B08FBDC.taxon	description	Middle and upper cauline leaves narrowly elliptic to linear, glabrous. Corolla tube cylindric or with gibbous projection at base.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4BFCE5FD389B08FBDC.taxon	distribution	Distribution — The southern range limit of Diastatea subg. Angustifolia is in central Guerrero (Fig. 7). The subgenus has a center of distribution across the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt mostly from Jalisco to Puebla, but there are also populations of the most widespread species, D. tenera, near the edge of the Central Mexican Plateau from Zacatecas to Durango with outliers in Sonora and Oaxaca. The disjunct population of D. tenera in Sonora may be derived from the Jalisco population as suggested by its placement in the phylogeny.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4BFF28FDB19D90FD27.taxon	type_taxon	TYPE: Diastatea virgata Scheidw.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4BFF28FDB19D90FD27.taxon	description	Herbaceous annuals. Roots branching, fibrous. Stems ascending to erect, simple to highly branched, often minutely winged, green to often purple below, glabrous to pubescent, especially on wings. Leaves alternate, cauline, petiolate or sessile; lowermost blades smaller and often broadly ovate or round, increasing in size upward; middle and upper blades broadly ovate to narrowly elliptic or linear; bases often decurrent; apex round to acuminate; margins regularly or irregularly serrate, sometimes serrulate, crenate, or erose, the teeth tipped with white or purple thickened callosities, or reduced to marginal callosities; glabrous, or the margins, veins, and pseudo-petioles (if present) ciliate-pubescent. Inflorescences weakly to strongly secund terminal raceme with few to many flowers; bracts leaf-like, becoming smaller and linear distally, ascending to appressed. Flowers resupinate at anthesis; pedicels filiform, ebracteolate, ascending, glabrous to scabrous, green to purple, elongating in fruit, the distal portion often bent toward stem so that mature fruit is erect; hypanthium either obconic or somewhat flattened and disc-shaped in flower, sometimes enveloping lower portion of capsule in fruit, glabrous to minutely scabrous; calyx lobes subequal to equal, narrowly triangular, linear, or narrowly elliptic, apex acute, margins entire or with 1 – 2 pairs of teeth, glabrous or ciliate; corollas distinctly bilabiate, white to purplish-blue, glabrous; tube broadly to narrowly cylindrical or funnelform, with or without a gibbous projection at base on ventral side, not cleft dorsally, or with slight cleft such that dorsal sinus exceeds the lateral sinuses; dorsal lobes two, broadly triangular or distal portion elliptic to obovate with a claw attaching to deltoid base; ventral lobes three, rounded to oblong with nectar guides at throat; filaments white to purple, connate distally up to half their length, distinct at base and adnate to corolla; anther tube exserted, dark purple or striped with tan to white at anther margins, usually with a white downy covering, sometimes with stiff hairs on back of dorsal anthers, apex of two shorter ventral anthers with two large triangular trichomes attached interior to additional smaller ones; pollen white to yellow, ovoid when dry; ovary superior in flower, bilocular, placentation axile; style purple and tipped with a ring of white trichomes before splitting into two recurved stigmatic lobes. Fruit a capsule, superior to apparently half-inferior due to expanding hypanthium, glabrous, enclosed in persistent shiny, hyaline corolla tube, dehiscing loculicidally by apical valves; seeds ellipsoid, 0.4 – 0.6 mm long, orange to brown, smooth and shiny with faint striations.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4BFF28FDB19D90FD27.taxon	discussion	Notes — Michael Josef Francois Scheidweiler collected and proposed the name for Diastatea in 1841 based upon the species D. virgata Scheidw. (Otto and Dietrich 1841). The etymological origin stems from the Greek word diastatos, which means “ having extension, severed, disunited, or torn by faction ” (Quattrocchi 2000). The characters he felt defined the genus included the free (superior) ovary and capsule, as well as the entire corolla tube and the manner in which it enveloped the mature capsule. In his discussion on the plant’ s merits as an ornamental in the greenhouses of the Belgian king, he alluded to its flowering time; he said that it would be a pleasant addition to the Lobelia currently under cultivation, because although it didn’ t grow as large as them, it bloomed in the fall when they had stopped blooming (Otto and Dietrich 1841).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4DFCE5FB1C9C31F8F3.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE: MÉXICO. Mexico: Amatepec; just N of Amatepec, 14.2 mi S of MEX 134 at Tejupilco, 4.5 mi S of Rıo Bejucos bridge on highway; 18 45.648 ' N, 100 09.972 ' W, 6 Nov 2006, T. J. Ayers, R. Scott & A. Scott 1767 (holotype: MEXU!; isotypes: ASC!, NY!).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4DFCE5FB1C9C31F8F3.taxon	description	Stems 8.7 – 45 cm tall, simple or with few to many ascending branches, 0.3 – 1.9 mm wide at base, minutely pubescent below decreasing distally, round, wingless. Leaves sessile or subsessile below, not decurrent; blades purple to green, base rounded, apex acute; lowermost blades ovate, 4 – 7.1 mm long, 2.5 – 3.8 mm wide, margins regularly serrate, glabrous or minutely scabrous; middle to upper blades narrowly elliptic to linear, 7 – 71 mm long, 0.4 – 2.4 mm wide, marginal teeth reduced to callosities, glabrous. Inflorescence strongly secund, with few to 20 flowers per stem; bracts narrowly linear, 4 – 40 mm long, 0.2 – 1.2 mm wide, ascending to appressed, glabrous. Flowers with pedicels 2.5 – 37 mm long in flower, ascending and bent distally in fruit; hypanthium obconic in flower, 0.5 – 1.2 mm in diameter, 0.7 – 2 mm in length from the calyx sinus to attachment point with pedicel, expanded in fruit enveloping from one-third to one-half of the mature capsule, glabrous; calyx lobes equal to subequal, three-quarters or nearly equal the length of the fruit, narrowly triangular to linear-elliptic, 1 – 3.8 mm long in flower, green to purple, margins entire or with 1 – 2 pair of teeth near base, glabrous; corolla purple, the nectar guides of yellow or yellowish green spots surrounded by a dark purple band on white area at throat; tube cylindrical, sometimes minutely gibbous at base, (4 –) 6 – 11 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, 0.3 – 1.2 mm wide at middle; dorsal lobes oblanceolate to obovate with a narrowed claw attaching distal portion to deltoid base, (2 –) 4 – 6.7 mm long, 0.5 – 2.5 mm wide; ventral lobes oblong, (2 –) 5.2 – 8.5 mm long, (0.6 –) 1.4 – 2.5 mm wide; filaments (4.5 –) 8.5 – 10.6 mm long; anthers (1 –) 1.5 – 2 mm long, purple with downy white covering on dorsal anthers, plus two large, narrow trichomes and several slightly smaller secondary trichomes at apex of ventral anther pair. Fruits narrowly ellipsoid with an unequal base mirroring gibbous corolla, 3.7 – 6.6 mm long, 1 – 3 mm wide, light brown; seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm long, medium to dark orange-brown. Figures 2, 3 A, B, 4 A, S 4 A. Chromosome Number — 2 n 5 14 (Fig. S 5 A).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4DFCE5FB1C9C31F8F3.taxon	distribution	Distribution — Mexican states of Guerrero and Mexico (Fig. 7).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4DFCE5FB1C9C31F8F3.taxon	etymology	Etymology — We chose the specific epithet aptera meaning “ without wing ” because this taxon lacks the minutely winged stems created by the decurrent leaf bases that are present in all other species of Diastatea.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4DFCE5FB1C9C31F8F3.taxon	discussion	Notes — This new species of Diastatea is most often incorrectly identified as D. tenera, but can be easily distinguished from D. tenera by a wingless, minutely pubescent stem, vs. a winged mostly glabrous stem in D. tenera; long, linear leaves vs. more or less narrowly elliptic leaves in D. tenera; a one-third to one-half inferior fruit capsule vs. a mostly superior or only one-third inferior capsule in D. tenera; calyx lobe teeth at the base vs. just below the middle in D. tenera; and a non-gibbous corolla base vs. a gibbous corolla base in D. tenera. Our molecular work supports the recognition of D. aptera as a new species in a clade separate and sister to the one containing both D. tenera and D. expansa.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFACBD4DFCE5FB1C9C31F8F3.taxon	materials_examined	Additional Specimens Examined — Mexico. — GUERRERO: Campo Morado. District of Mina, 2 Jan 1938, Hinton 11162 (GH); Villa Xochitl, 10.3 km al O; [17.69, - 100.09], 17 Jan 1999, Soto 13195 (MEXU); Local.: Toro Muerto; Distr.: Mina, 15 Nov 1939, Hinton et al. 14860 (MO, TEX); Petlacala; Distrito Mina; Sierra Madre del Sur, 15 Dec 1937, Mexia 8959 (MO, NY, LL); Tlacotepec, 10.7 km al SO; [17.67, - 100.11], 31 Oct 1998, Soto 11807 (MEXU). — JALISCO: Llano verde, cerca de Los Corales, municipio de Tecalitlan, Sierra de Los Corales, 24 Oct 1963, Rzedowski 17406 (MEXU). — MÉXICO: San Diego, 15 km al NNE de Tejupilco, sobre el camino a Temascaltepec, 19 Nov 1967, Rzedowski 25197 (WIS); Temascaltepec, 1.8 mi S of Temascaltepec on road to Tejupilco; [18.9893, - 100.0628], 6 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1763 (ASC); Temascaltepec; 7.5 mi S of Temascaltepec on MEX 134, road to Tejupilco; [18.98623, - 100.06817], 6 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1764 (ASC); Temascaltepec; 2 mi W of Temascaltepec on road to Valle de Bravo; [19.05353, - 100.05653], 7 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1768 (ASC); Amatepec; just N of Amatepec, 14.2 mi S of MEX 134 at Tejupilco, 4.5 mi S of Rıo Bejucos bridge on highway; [18.7608, - 100.1662], 6 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1767 (ASC, MEXU, NY); Mpio. Temascaltepec; 6.5 km northeast of Temascaltepec on hwy 130; [19.1, - 100.0], 10 Nov 1985, Reisfield 1250 (MO, TEX); Valle de Bravo, 23 Nov 1952, Matuda et al. 27317 (MEXU); Loc.: La Labor; Distr.: Temascaltepec, 7 Nov 1935, Hinton et al. 8625 (TEX); Cajones, Temascaltepec, 17 Nov 1935, Hinton et al. 8661 (MEXU, MO, TEX); Amatepec y cercanıas, 27 Dec 1953, Matuda et al. 29847 (MEXU); Tejupilco de Hidalgo; 15 km (9.4 mi) NE de Tejupilco de Hidalgo o 18.9 km (11.8 mi) al SE de Temascaltepec sobre ruta 130 (134?), 14 Dec 1984, Cowan 4816 (MEXU, TEX); 5 km al Suroeste de Nanchititla; Mun. Tejupilco, 27 Dec 1972, Medrano et al. 5022 (MEXU); Pelon de Tres Reyes, Tezoloapan (Otzoloapan?), 22 Nov 1970, Matuda et al. 38220 (LL); 3 km al S de Colorines, municipio de Valle de Bravo, 29 Dec 1966, Rzedowski 23743 (TEX, WIS). — MICHOACÁN: Cerro Blanco de Coro, municipio de Zinapecuaro, 29 Oct 1991, Escobedo 2257 (MEXU).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFAABD4DFF28F8C39ADBF891.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE: MÉXICO. Mexico: Correra, Dist. Temascaltepec, 1230 m, 19 Nov 1932, G. B. Hinton 2644 (holotype: GH!; isotypes: K-image!, NY-image!).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFAABD4DFF28F8C39ADBF891.taxon	description	Stems 7.5 – 47 cm tall, simple or with few to many ascending branches, 0.7 – 1.6 mm wide at base, winged; wings minutely ciliate. Leaves subsessile or pseudo-petiolate below, sessile above; blades green to purple, base truncate to cuneate and decurrent into narrow wings, apex acute; lowermost blades deltoid to elliptic, 2.3 – 12 mm long, 2.2 – 5.7 mm wide; middle to upper blades narrowly elliptic, 4.8 – 25 mm long, 1.2 – 5.2 mm wide; margins regularly serrate with prominent teeth; glabrous. Inflorescence strongly secund with few – 20 flowers per stem, bracts narrowly elliptic to linear, 5.2 – 25 mm long, 0.8 – 3.1 mm wide, ascending to somewhat appressed. Flowers with pedicels 3 – 17 mm long in flower, glabrous, spreading to ascending, often bent distally in fruit; hypanthium oblique, obconic in flower, 0.6 – 1.5 mm in diameter, 0.5 – 0.7 mm in length from the calyx sinus to attachment point with pedicel, often expanded in fruit enveloping up to one-third of the mature capsule, glabrous; calyx lobes subequal, from one-half to three-quarters the length of the fruit, narrowly triangular to linear-elliptic, 1.2 – 3.3 mm long in flower, green or purple, margins entire or with 1 – 2 pair of teeth, glabrous; corolla purplish-blue, nectar guides yellow with raised projections at throat; tube funnelform, flaring from base to end of tube, and gibbous at base on ventral side, 3.0 – 4.6 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, 1.5 – 2.5 mm wide at distal end; dorsal lobes oblanceolate with a narrowed claw attaching distal portion to deltoid base, 2.7 – 4.0 mm long, 0.7 – 1.5 mm wide; ventral lobes ovate, obovate or oblong, with or without a mucronate tip, 3.2 – 4.7 mm long, 1.7 – 2.4 mm wide; filaments 3.0 – 4.5 mm long; anthers 1.1 – 1.5 mm long, purple with downy white covering increasing at apex of dorsal anthers, plus two large, narrow trichomes and several slightly smaller secondary trichomes at apex of ventral anther pair. Fruits narrowly ellipsoid and oblique, 4.0 – 7.0 mm long, 2.0 – 3.0 mm wide, light brown seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm long, medium orange-brown. Figure 4 B. Chromosome Number — Unknown.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFAABD4DFF28F8C39ADBF891.taxon	distribution	Distribution — Mexican states of Guerrero, Mexico, and Michoacan (Fig. 7).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFAABD4DFF28F8C39ADBF891.taxon	discussion	Notes — Diastatea expansa may be distinguished from D. tenera using both the leaf margins and the funnelform corolla as diagnostic traits. The corolla is not always as expanded as the specific epithet suggests. The leaf margins provide a reliable second diagnostic trait. Diastatea expansa has regularly serrate margins with very sharp and prominent teeth tipped with callosities while D. tenera has minute teeth that are often reduced to mere callosities.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFAABD4DFF28F8C39ADBF891.taxon	materials_examined	Additional Specimens Examined — Mexico. — GUERRERO: Chirilagua, Dist.: Mina, 18 Nov 1936, Hinton 9852 (MEXU). — MÉXICO: Moist ravine by Rıo Molino in pine-oak woods above reservoir, Valle del Bravo, 1 – 2 Nov 1949, Moore, Jr. & Cetto 5486 (GH); Desviacion de la carretera Temazcaltepec-Tejupilco a Tenerıa y Rıo Grande, [18.9, - 100.1], 16 Oct 1996, Vibrans 6271 (MEXU); Zacazonapan, 3 Dec 1981, Rosiles M. s. n. (MEXU, TEX). — MICHOACÁN: Zitacuaro-Zirahuato, Distr.: Zitacuaro, 21 Oct 1938, Hinton 13393 (MEXU); 12 km al E de Uruapan, carretera a Patzcuaro, 23 Jan 1977, Rzedowski 34603 (MEXU); Northwestern foothills of Cerro Tancıtaro, 13 – 14 km south of Periban de Ramos, 29 Nov 1970, McVaugh 24809 (MEXU); A 3 km al SO de Ario de Rosales, carr. a La Huacana, 24 Oct 1981, Nu ~ nez 3437 (MEXU).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFAABD4EFCE5F8A29F5EFBC4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE: MÉXICO. Jalisco: Rıo Blanco, 17 September 1886, E. Palmer 552 (holotype: GH!; isotypes: P-image!, YU-image!).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFAABD4EFCE5F8A29F5EFBC4.taxon	description	Stems simple or with few to many ascending branches, 0.2 – 1.2 mm wide at base, winged, glabrous, or the wings minutely ciliolate. Leaves sessile, decurrent into narrow wings on stem; blades green or purple throughout or green adaxially and purple abaxially, base rounded to cuneate, apex rounded to narrowly acute; lowermost leaves deltoid to ovate; middle to upper leaves narrowly elliptic to linear; margins regularly serrate to serrulate or teeth reduced to marginal callosities; glabrous. Inflorescence strongly secund with few to 20 flowers per stem; bracts leaf-like, becoming smaller and linear distally, ascending or appressed. Flowers with glabrous or slightly scabrous pedicels, spreading to ascending, in fruit often bent distally; hypanthium obconic in flower, 0.3 – 1.2 mm in diameter, 0.3 – 2.0 mm in length from calyx sinus to attachment point with pedicel, expanded in fruit to envelop up to one-third of the mature capsule, glabrous; calyx lobes equal to subequal, about one-third to two-thirds the length of the fruit, green or purple; corolla purple, purplish-blue, or white, tube cylindrical and gibbous at base on ventral side; anthers dark purple with downy white covering and short stiff hairs at apex of dorsal anthers, plus two large, narrow trichomes and several slightly smaller secondary trichomes at apex of ventral anther pair. Fruits light-brown to purplish; seeds ellipsoid, 0.4 – 0.5 mm long, orange-brown.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA9BD4FFF3FFB149F5AFAB2.taxon	description	Stems 3.1 – 43.5 cm tall, simple or with a few weak side branches, rarely many ascending branches. Leaves, the lowermost ovate to narrowly ovate, rarely reniform, 1.5 – 5.5 mm long, 1 – 4 mm wide; middle to upper leaves narrowly elliptic to linear, 3.3 – 24 mm long, 0.5 – 3.8 (– 4.2) mm wide. Inflorescence of few to 20 flowers; bracts 3 – 26 mm long, 0.4 – 2.7 mm wide. Flowers with pedicels 1.2 – 29 mm long in flower; calyx lobes equal to subequal, narrowly triangular to narrowly elliptic, (0.5 –) 0.9 – 3 mm long in flower, margins entire or with 1 – 2 pair of teeth near the middle (rarely at base), glabrous; corolla purple to purplish-blue rarely white, the nectar guides yellow and dark purple with yellow projections at throat in purple morphs, the nectar guides purple with green streaks in the throat in white morphs; tube 3.9 – 8 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, 0.2 – 1.4 mm wide at middle; dorsal lobes elliptic to obovate with pointed apex, narrowed claw attaching distal portion to deltoid base, 2.8 – 5.1 (– 6.2) mm long, 0.8 – 2 (– 2.5) mm wide; ventral lobes oblong sometimes distal end expanded, mucronate tip, (1.8 –) 3.5 – 6 mm long, 1.0 – 2.7 (– 3) mm wide; filaments 4 – 10 mm long; anthers 0.7 – 1.5 mm long. Fruits narrowly ovoid to narrowly ellipsoid, with an unequal base mirroring the gibbous corolla, 3.7 – 7.0 (– 8.5) mm long, 1.2 – 3 mm wide. Figures 3 C, D, 4 C. Chromosome Number — Unknown.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA9BD4FFF3FFB149F5AFAB2.taxon	distribution	Distribution — Mexican states of Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Puebla, Queretaro, Sonora, Zacatecas, and the Distrito Federal (Fig. 7).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA9BD4FFF3FFB149F5AFAB2.taxon	discussion	Notes — Small white or pale, purple-flowered individuals of D. tenera appear to self-pollinate. This is unusual because the styles of most D. tenera, as seen on both herbarium sheets and in a small greenhouse study, emerge from the anther tube before the stigmatic lobes open and become receptive. We examined one very small, autogamous, white individual from Sonora. It was collected at 1244 m, which is on the lower end of the range for this species. Ayers (1990) found a similar phenomenon between flower color, reproductive mechanism, and elevation in individuals of Lobelia cordifolia. The flowers from lower elevations were white and autogamous as compared to the flowers from higher elevation that were dark purple and allogamous. Fourteen of the seventy-six collections examined do not have gibbous projections at the base of their corollas but in all other respects are morphologically consistent with D. tenera.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA9BD4FFF3FFB149F5AFAB2.taxon	materials_examined	Additional Specimens Examined — Mexico. — DISTRITO FEDERAL: Por la entrada del Parque Tarango, por el sendero hacia la barranca norte, [19.35, - 99.25], 11 Oct 2001, Cesar G. 210 (MEXU); Lomas, Feb 1937, Lyonnet 1466 (MEXU). — GUERRERO: Mpio. Chilpancingo, 8.9 mi. E of the western boundary of Chilapa, 5.6 mi. E Rıo Atempa on highway 93, 26 Oct 1984, Saunders-Scherrer 1481 (TEX). — JALISCO: Mascota, 17.2 mi N of Mascota on road to Puerto Vallarta, [20.69347, - 104.87467], 14 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1777 B (ASC); Mascota, 17.2 mi N of Mascota on road to Puerto Vallarta, [20.69347, - 104.87467], 14 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1777 A (ASC); Mpio. Tecalitlan: Puente San Jose sobre el Rıo Las Juntas, a ca. 8 km al S de Tecalitlan, carretera Colima-Pihuamo, 22 Nov 1981, Lott 818 (MEXU); Road from Ameca to Mascota, 2.5 mi SE of Mascota, 20 Oct 1983, Ayers et al. 262 (TEX); Mpio. Zapopan, ca. 2 km al E de Pinar de La Venta sobre carr. Guadalajara-Tepic, 10 Nov 1989, Koch & Fryxell 8988 (TEX); Hills near Guadalajara, 28 Oct 1889, Pringle 2374 (MO); Road from Ameca to Mascota, 6 mi SE of Mascota, 20 Oct 1983, Ayers et al. 268 (TEX); Mountains north of Autlan, 3 – 5 miles above Mina San Francisco (Cia. Minera de Autlan), 5 Oct 1960, McVaugh 19934 (MEXU, WIS); Pine forest 1 – 2 miles east of Tapalpa, 1 Nov 1960, McVaugh 20565 (MEXU); San Sebastian Arroyo del Cura, Sierra Madre Mts., 5 Jan 1927, Mexia 1378 (MO); Precipitous south-facing mountainsides 4 miles north-northeast of Talpa de Allende, 12 – 13 Oct 1960, McVaugh 20108 (MEXU, WIS); Mpio. Puerto Vallarta. 14 km al SE de P. Vallarta, por la carretera que va a la Estacion Biologica de la U. N. A. M, 10 Nov 1978, Garcıa P. & Delgado S. 923 (TEX); 4.3 mi E of Talpa de Allende on road to Los Volcanes and Ayutla, 22 Oct 1983, Ayers et al. 313 (TEX); Carretera Chamela-P. Vallarta, “ El Tuito ”, unos 20 o 25 km antes de P. Vallarta, 24 Nov 1976, Hernandez M. et al. 3008 (MEXU); 20 km al S de Talpa de Allende, Mpio. de Talpa de Allende, 4 Oct 1982, Hernandez M. et al. 9072 (MEXU); Sierra de San Esteban, 13 Oct 1903, Pringle 8756 (MO); 12 km NW of Los Volcanes, 30 Oct 1973, Breedlove 35780 (MEXU); Road from Ameca to Mascota, 3.1 mi E of El Jacal, 20 Oct 1983, Ayers et al. 255 (MEXU, TEX); Road to Mascota, 6 miles northwest of Cuautla, 21 Oct 1952, McVaugh 13634 (MEXU); Collected along stream near small village of La Venta just W of Guadalajara, 19 Oct 1983, Ayers et al. 195 (TEX); 4.4 mi E of intersection of MEX 15 & 70, 6.8 mi W of Periferico in Guadalajara on road to Tepic, 3 Jan 1985, Ayers et al. 600 (TEX); El Tuito, a 4.5 km al N de la carretera Barra de Navidad – Puerto Vallarta, por el camino a “ La Mina ”, 13 Dec 1985, Ayala 463 (MEXU); 20 km al NE de Mascota, Mpio. de Mascota, 5 Oct 1982, Hernandez M. et al. 9095 (MEXU); 8.7 mi S of Autlan on road to Barra de Navidad; at summit, 22 Oct 1983, Ayers et al. 317 (MEXU, TEX); 9.5 mi SSW of Talpa de Allende on “ old ” road (right fork) to La Cuesta and coast, 21 Oct 1983, Ayers et al. 283 (TEX); Mpio. Zapopan, a 1 km al E de la Mesa Tapona, Sierra de la Primavera, 7 Nov 1990, Mendoza 5282 (MEXU). — MÉXICO: Tejupilco, District of Temascaltepec, 24 Sep 1935, Hinton 8488 (GH); Mpio. Coyotepec. 1.5 km al O de Coyotepec. Sierra Alcaparrosa, 16 Nov 1980, Garcıa P. 1398 (MEXU, TEX); Parte alta de la Sierra de Alcaparrosa, 5 km al W de Coyotepec, 16 Nov 1980, Rzedowski 37098 (MEXU); Ixtapan de la Sal, 12 Oct 1952, Matuda el al. 27084 (MEXU); Mun. Coatepec Harinas, Rancho Santo Tobıas near Villa Guerrero, 19 Nov 1943, Gilly 107 (TEX); Highway 115 at Chalco, 3 Nov 1985, Saunders-Scherrer & Dieringer 1567 (LL); Near Coatepec Harinas; open grassy fields, 10 Nov 1964, Ripley & Barneby 13758 (NY); San Miguel Tlaixpan, municipio Texcoco, 23 Oct 1983, Ventura V. 1538 (MEXU); 5 km al W de Progreso Industrial, sobre la carretera a Villa del Carbon, 18 Sep 1977, Rzedowski s. n. (MEXU). — MICHOACÁN: Cerro Blanco, municipio de Patzcuaro, 18 Oct 1985, Escobedo 439 (MEXU); Comanja, municipio de Coeneo, 21 Oct 1985, Escobedo 441 (MEXU); Vicinity of Morelia, Cerros San Miguel, 15 Sep 1910, Arsene 5565 (MO); Vicinity of Morelia, Cerros San Miguel, 15 Nov 1911, Arsene 6064 (MO); Vicinity of Morelia, Loma Sta. Marıa, 28 Oct 1910, Arsene 5861 (MEXU); Vicinity of Morelia, Loma Sta. Marıa, 28 Oct 1910, Arsene 5865 (MO); Vicinity of Morelia, Cerros San Miguel, 15 Nov 1911, Arsene 6070 (MEXU, MO); Cerca de Palmas, municipio de Epitacio, 28 Oct 1990, Rzedowski 50517 (MEXU); Morelia, Loma Sta. Marıa, 11 Oct 1909, Arsene 3113 (MEXU); Morelia, Loma Sta. Marıa, 1 Nov 1912, Arsene 8907 (MEXU); 16 km al oeste-suroeste de Coalcoman, sobre la carretera a Villa Victoria, 5.5 km al norte de El Tejon, [18.74, - 101.29], 2 Nov 2007, Ramırez-Amezcua & Steinmann 1178 (ASC); Transmaraan, municipio de Coeneo, 15 Oct 1991, Escobedo 2218 (MEXU); 5 km al S de Tendeparacua, municipio de Huaniqueo, 21 Oct 1990, Rzedowski 50334 (MEXU); Parte alta del Cerro El Chivo, municipio de Tingambato, 7 Sep 1989, Dıaz-Barriga 5979 (MEXU); Aprox. 0.5 km al SE de San Francisco de Los Reyes, municipio de Tlalpujahua, 25 Nov 1992, Garcıa et al. 3577 (MEXU). — MORELOS: Salto de S. Antonio, cerca de Cuernavaca, 18 Nov 1951, Gold 25883 (MEXU); 500 m al N de la caseta de cobro de Tepoztlan, sobre la carr. Cuatla-Cuernavaca, Mpio. Tepoztlan, 4 Nov 1987, Cabrera C. & Flores 14705 (MEXU); Sierra de Ocuila, rumbo Mexicapa, 16 – 18 Dec 1938, Lyonnet 2922 (MEXU); Barranca del Tecolote, 30 Oct 1970, Vazquez 2738 (MEXU); Mountainside above Cuernavaca, 6 Dec 1907, Pringle 15028 (MO). — NAYARIT: About 3 km west of Mazatan, 20 Nov 1963, Feddema 2671 (MEXU); 25 km by rd S of Tepic, [21.3, - 104.9], 18 Oct 1970, Webster & Breckon 15685 (MEXU); Mun. La Yesca. 23 km al SE de Puente de Camotlan, brecha a Huajimic, [21.7, - 104.2], 26 Oct 1989, Tenorio L. 16702 (MEXU). — OAXACA: Distrito: Yautepec, Municipio: San Juan Lajarcia. 1070 m lınea recta al S-SE del punto trino de Nejapa-Camaron-Lajarcia, meseta del Cerro Gavilan, [16.534, - 95.907], 2 Nov 2001, Salas M. et al. 4299 (MEXU). — PUEBLA: Vicinity of Puebla, Tepoxuchilt, 1 Oct 1910, Arsene 5509 (MO); San Baltasar, 28 Oct 1906, Arsene 2138 (MEXU); Tepoxuchilt, 1 Oct 1910, Antonio s. n. (MEXU); Parque Estatal Gral. Lazaro Cardenas, [19.02, - 98.11], 1 Nov 1994, Romero 586 (MEXU); Popocatepetl, Oct 1908, Purpus 3665 (MO); Parque Estatal Gral. Lazaro Cardenas, [19.0, - 98.1], 3 Nov 1993, Romero 134 (MEXU). — QUERÉTARO: El Batan, camino a Amealco, 29 Sep 1984, Arg uelles € 2185 (MEXU); Camino entre carr a Mexico y Amealco, km 19 aprox., 10 Nov 1976, Arg uelles € 630 (MEXU); Cerca 8 km al NW de Amealco, por la carretera a San Juan del Rıo, municipio de Amealco, 14 Oct 2000, Zamudio & Becerra 11645 (TEX); Camino a Amealco, pasando Huimilpan a mano izquierda, 18 Nov 1992, Arg uelles € 3429 (MEXU). — SONORA: Municipio de Alamos, 6.2 km below (southwest) Rancho Santa Barbara, 34.6 km east-northeast of Alamos (by road), [27.12, - 108.75], 1 Oct 2006, Van Devender et al. 2006 – 1013 (ASC). — ZACATECAS: Approx. 2 – 3 km NW of Monte Escobedo, 6 Nov 1963, Feddema 2481 (MEXU, WIS); Mpio. Juchipila. 4 km al oeste de Pueblo Viejo, Sierra de Morones, Cerro de Pi nones ~, ladera este, por el camino al rancho de Lorenzo Magallanes, [21.35, - 103.22], 12 Oct 1999, Balleza C. & Adame G. 11502 (MEXU).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD4FFCE5FA229BB6F8BE.taxon	description	Middle and upper cauline leaves ovate to lanceolate and sometimes narrowly elliptic, glabrous to pubescent. Corolla tube cylindric, without gibbous projection at base.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD4FFCE5FA229BB6F8BE.taxon	distribution	Distribution — The species within this subgenus are found in the following Mexican states and Central and South American countries: Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, and within the Distrito Federal; Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Panama; Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD4FFF28FA829DE4FA12.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE: MÉXICO. Durango: Mpio. Suchil. Laguna de Mogotes, alrededores, 8 km de El Aleman, Reserva de la Biosfera La Michilıa, [23.47, - 104.26], 17 Nov 1986, F. Acevedo 366 (holotype: CIIDIR; isotypes: ASC!, IBUG, MEXU).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD4FFF28FA829DE4FA12.taxon	description	Stems 9.5 – 37 cm tall, simple or a few weak side branches. Leaves, the lowermost deltoid, 2 – 4 mm long, 1.2 – 1.8 mm; middle to upper leaves linear, 6 – 24 mm long, 0.5 – 1.6 mm wide. Inflorescence with few to 12 flowers; bracts 5.4 – 20 mm long, 0.4 – 0.9 mm wide. Flowers with pedicels 3.7 – 17.5 mm long in flower; calyx lobes subequal, narrowly triangular or linear, 1.1 – 2.5 mm long in flower, margins with 1 – 2 pair of teeth at or below the middle, glabrous or ciliolate; corolla purplish-blue or purple, the nectar guides pale yellow, gradually brighter toward throat, with projections at throat; tube 8.8 – 13.5 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, 0.8 – 1.6 mm wide at middle; dorsal lobes obovate, apex acute to mucronate, with narrowed claw attaching distal portion to deltoid base, 6.1 – 9.0 mm long, 1.8 – 4.0 mm wide; ventral lobes broadly oblanceolate with mucronate tip, 7.1 – 11.3 mm long, 2.2 – 4.3 mm wide; filaments 9.5 – 13 mm long; anthers 1.7 – 2.0 mm long. Fruits narrowly ellipsoid, with an unequal base mirroring gibbous corolla, 5.2 – 10 mm long, 2.2 – 3.6 mm wide. Figures 4 D, 8, S 4 B. Chromosome Number — Unknown.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD4FFF28FA829DE4FA12.taxon	etymology	Etymology — The new subspecific epithet reflects that the center of distribution of this taxon is in the Mexican state of Durango.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD4FFF28FA829DE4FA12.taxon	distribution	Distribution — Mexican states of Durango, Guanajuato, Jalisco, and Zacatecas (Fig. 7).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD4FFF28FA829DE4FA12.taxon	discussion	Notes — Exceptionally large-flowered individuals of D. tenera have been found in Durango. They appear to be the end point of a cline stretching from Puebla north to Durango, in which the flowers of D. tenera increase dramatically in size. The populations in Zacatecas and Guanajuato have the long corolla tubes of D. tenera subsp. durangensis but their lower corolla lobes are slightly shorter than the populations in Durango and Jalisco. Because of the distinct difference in size between the individuals found mainly in Durango and the rest of D. tenera, and the fact that the collections appear to have a distinctive range adjacent to the central Mexican Plateau, they are described here as a new subspecies. We chose subspecific rank over varietal rank because varietal rank in the Campanulaceae has been dismissed by Lammers (2006). Future examination of the subspecies should look at habitat and pollinator differences as possible drivers of floral differentiation.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD4FFF28FA829DE4FA12.taxon	materials_examined	Additional Specimens Examined — Mexico. — DURANGO: San Juan de Michis, Mpio. de Suchil, 25 Oct 1984, Acevedo 150 (TEX, WIS); Mpio. Suchil. San Juan de Michis, 3.5 km al S del poblado, Reserva de la Biosfera La Michilıa, [23.47, - 104.26], 21 Oct 1985, Gonzalez & Acevedo 3546 (ASC); Mpio. Suchil, Sierra de Michis, San Agustın, Reserva de la Biosfera La Michilıa, [23, - 104], 12 Oct 1984, Jimenez 186 (ASC); Mpio. Suchil, El Aleman, 8 km cerca del Arroyo Las Joaquinas, Reserva de la Biosfera La Michilıa, 18 Nov 1986, Acevedo 376 (ASC); Mpio. Suchil, Reserva de la Biosfera La Michilıa, Portrero Mesa Larga, [23.5, - 104.3], 17 Nov 1993, Garcıa A. & Alvarado 1911 (ASC); Mpio. Suchil, Portrero Los Anegados, 3 km de el Aleman, Reserva de la Biosfera La Michilıa, [23.47, - 104.26], 11 Oct 1986, Acevedo 306 (ASC); Mpio. Suchil. Potrero El Taray, Reserva de la Biosfera La Michilıa, [23.41, - 104.25], 12 Sep 1983, Acevedo s. n. (ASC); Mpio. Suchil. Reserva de la Biosfera La Michilıa, camino Suchil-Charcos, km 51, entrada al Rancho La Pe na ~, [23.4, - 104.2], 11 Oct 1992, Garcıa A. 1700 (ASC). — GUANAJUATO: 8 km northeast of Santa Rosa, 10 Nov 1970, McVaugh 24150 (MEXU); Mpio. San Jose, Ca nada ~ Las Peras 3 km al SE de El Zorrillo, 6 Nov 2003, Gutierrez G. et al. 787 (MEXU). — JALISCO: Rancho Viejo, about 10 km east-northeast of Huejuquilla el Alto, 31 Oct 1963, Feddema 2310 (NY, WIS). — ZACATECAS: Plus or minus 35 km al W de Jalpa, sobre la carretera a Tlaltenango; 27 km del entronque con la carretera Jalpa-Juchipila, 23 Oct 1970, Rzedowski & McVaugh 1039 (MEXU, MO, NY, LL).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD52FCE5F8BF9E9AFAEE.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE: ECUADOR. “ in Regni Quitensi, prope pagum Puembo, alt. 1300 hex. Floret Julio. ” A. Humboldt & A. Bonpland s. n. (holotype: P-image! isotypes: B-W [presumed destroyed], F-image! [photo of isotype at B, photo 9110]).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD52FCE5F8BF9E9AFAEE.taxon	description	Stems 2.7 – 80 cm tall, simple to branched, 0.2 – 3.0 mm wide at base, minutely winged, pubescent with soft hairs evenly distributed around stem, often becoming less pubescent distally, rarely glabrous. Leaves pseudo-petiolate; pseudo-petioles 1 – 22 mm long; margins ciliolate and decurrent into narrow wings on stem; blades purple to green, sometimes green adaxially and purplish abaxially, base subcordate to narrowly cuneate, apex round to acuminate; lowermost blades round, ovate, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 2.5 – 11 mm long, 2 – 8 mm wide, the margins regularly serrate to erose, glabrous or with sparsely scattered stiff hairs adaxially and on veins abaxially; upper blades ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 4.5 – 60 mm long, 2.0 – 26 mm wide, the margins regularly or irregularly serrate, ciliolate; pubescence on veins abaxially. Inflorescence weakly to strongly secund with few to 30 flowers per inflorescence; bracts linear to elliptic, 2 – 53 mm long, 0.2 – 12 mm wide, spreading. Flowers with pedicels 1.5 – 25 (– 57) mm long in flower, glabrous, spreading to ascending, often bent upward distally in fruit; hypanthium obconic in flower, 0.5 – 0.9 mm in diameter, 0.3 – 0.5 mm in length from calyx sinus to attachment point with pedicel, not much expanded in fruit, glabrous, calyx lobes subequal to equal, from one-third to two-thirds the length of the fruit, narrowly triangular or linear, 1.1 – 3.5 (– 5) mm long in flower, green, margins entire, glabrous or ciliate; corolla purplish-blue or white, if white, then lobes lavender or blue, nectar guides yellow sometimes with green raised projections at throat; tube cylindrical, 2.4 – 4.5 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, 0.7 – 1.1 mm wide at middle; dorsal lobes linear to linear spatulate, 1 – 2 mm long, 0.2 – 0.3 mm wide; ventral lobes oblong, sometimes with a mucronate tip, 0.9 – 2.5 (– 3.5) mm long, 0.4 – 1.3 (– 1.6) mm wide; filaments 2.8 – 4.6 mm long; anthers 0.5 – 1 (– 1.5) mm long, dark purple, either with downy white covering or appearing glabrous, sometimes with short hairs near apex of dorsal anthers, plus two large and many small white trichomes at apex of ventral anther pair. Fruits narrowly to broadly ellipsoid sometimes slightly curved at tip, 3 – 6.5 (– 8) mm long, 1.4 – 2.6 mm wide, light brown or purplish-brown; seeds ovoid to ellipsoid, 0.4 – 0.5 mm long, orange to dark-orange. Figures 3 F, S 4 D. Chromosome Number — 2 n 5 14 (Fig. S 5 C).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD52FCE5F8BF9E9AFAEE.taxon	distribution	Distribution — Mexican states of: Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla and the Distrito Federal; Central and South American countries of: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Panama; Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela (Fig. 6).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD52FCE5F8BF9E9AFAEE.taxon	discussion	Notes — Diastatea micrantha can be distinguished by its minute corolla tube and corolla lobes, and its tendency to self-pollinate. Eight collections from Oaxaca have unusually large flowers for D. micrantha. Because Oaxaca is the center of distribution for D. virgata, these large-flowered specimens warrant further examination and should be included in future morphological and molecular work. The type of D. micrantha was originally collected in Ecuador, but its center of distribution is in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Its broad geographic range and morphological variation have led to it being described as at least ten different species. Lobelia xalapensis and L. diastateoides can be easily confused with D. micrantha because their ovaries in flower are essentially nearly superior. Lobelia xalapensis can be distinguished from D. micrantha by a shorter more ovoid fruit, corolla split dorsally to the base, and prickly pubescent pedicels. Lobelia diastateoides can be distinguished from D. micrantha by a perennial habit and corolla split nearly to the base. McVaugh noted in his 1940 b revision of Laurentia that Laurentia michoacana B. L. Rob. is a nomen nudum and we want to re-emphasize that here. B. L. Robinson (1891) makes it clear that Pringle 3337, despite being distributed under the name Laurentia michoacana B. L. Rob., “ should be for the present doubtfully referred to as Lobelia parviflora Mart. & Gal., since it is highly probable that the type of this species will be found on investigation to be a Laurentia. ” It was, in fact, found to be a Laurentia and is now considered a heterotypic synonym of D. micrantha. Many herbaria hold Pringle 3337 as a type including the following: (P-image! labeled as a holotype; BR-image!, K, COLO, LL!, MEXU!, MSC, CM, PH, WIS! labeled as isotypes).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFA8BD52FCE5F8BF9E9AFAEE.taxon	materials_examined	Additional Specimens Examined — Colombia. — DEPARTMENT OF CUNDINAMARCA: Sibate, 13 – 15 Oct 1917, Pennel 2508 (GH). — DEPARTMENT OF MAGDALENA: Santa Marta, Nov 1898 – 1901, H. H. Smith 1496 (LL). Ecuador. — PROVINCE OF CHIMBORAZO: Ca non ~ of the Rıo Chanchan, about 5 km north of Huigra, 19 – 28 May 1945, Camp E- 3340 (NY). El Salvador. — DEPARTMENT OF SANTA ANA: Camino entre La Cumbre y el bosque nebuloso de El Olimpo, faldas bajas del Cerro El Aguila, 7 Dec 1993, Linares & Martınez 1197 (MEXU). Guatemala. — DEPT. BAJA VERAPAZ: Purulha, B. V., 21 Sep 1995, Veliz 95 – 5095 (MEXU, TEX). — DEPT. HUEHUETENANGO: Huehuetenango, Todos Santos Cuchumatan, Xemal, 25 Nov 1998, Veliz 98 – 6900 (MEXU); Huehuetenango, Chiantla, cerca del Mirador, 26 Sep 1996, Veliz 96 – 5802 (MEXU, TEX); Barranco in oak forest near Ocubila, 10 km west of Aguacatan, 27 Nov 1962, Williams & Williams 21773 (LL); Huehuetenango, Todos Santos Cuchumatan, La Torre, 25 Nov 1998, Veliz 98 – 6870 (MEXU, TEX). — DEPT. QUICHÉ: Quiche, Mts. east of Quiche, 20 Nov – 4 Dec 1940, Grant 689 (GH). — DEPT. SACATEPÉQUEZ: Sacatepequez, volcan de Acatenango, Barranca del durazno, 6 Oct 1999, Veliz 99 – 7351 (TEX); San Lucas Sacatepequez, Cerro Alux., 14 Oct 2005, MacDonald & Mendez 32 (TEX). — DEPT. SOLOLÁ: Ravines near Nahuala, Sierra Madre Mountains, 17 Dec 1962, Williams et al. 23197 (LL). — DEPT. TOTONICAPÁN: Bancos humedos del bosque nebuloso de Marıa Tecun, 21 Nov 1965, Molina R. 15922 (NY). Honduras. — DEPT. MORAZAN: Cerro de Uyuca, 23 Dec 1950, Sauer 1578 (WIS). Mexico. — CHIAPAS: Sierra de Tonala, Sep 1913, Purpus 6809 (GH); Mt. Ovando, near Escuintla, 14 Sep 1945, Matuda 6030 (LL); 11 km al NE de Tuxtla Gutierrez Chiapas, Ca non ~ del Sumidero, 1 Oct 1984, Torres C. et al. 6340 (ASC); Shishintonil, Mpio. Tenejapa, [16.85, - 92.49], 18 Nov 1994, Chame & Luna 708 (MEXU); Pase por el camino de Nachig, Zinacantan, 15 Nov 1988, Santos & Martınez 494 (MEXU); San Juan Chamula, 30 Dec 1987, Ruız 456 (MEXU, TEX); Kulaktik, Mpio. Tenejapa, 25 Jan 1983, Ton 5365 (MEXU); Laguna Montebello, Montebello National Park, Muncipio of La Trinitaria, 16 Nov 1972, Breedlove 29538 (MEXU, TEX); 17 km al O de Comitan de Domınguez, por la carretera a San Cristobal de las Casas, 4 Sep 1984, Cabrera & Mendez 7563 (MEXU); 6 – 10 km north-northeast of La Soledad along logging road from Las Margaritas to Camp Alegre. Municipio of La Independencia, 24 Oct 1976, Breedlove 41024 (MEXU); Steep slope above Rancho Nuevo, 9 miles southeast of San Cristobal la Casas. Municipio of San Cristobal la Casas, 5 Nov 1965, Breedlove 14067 (MEXU, LL, WIS); Loc. a 10 km al este del entronque a Villahermosa, sobre la carretera Tuxtla Gutierrez-San Cristobal de las Casas, 3 Dec 1983, Cabrera & Cabrera 5948 (ASC, MEXU); Extensive marsh at south end of the Valley of San Cristobal, Municipio of San Cristobal Las Casas, 23 Oct 1971, Breedlove & Thorne 21295 (MEXU); San Juan Chamula, 2 Oct 1987, Ruız 210 (TEX); Slope along a small river in the barrio of Tih Ha, paraje of Mahbenchauk. Municipio of Tenejapa, 28 Oct 1966, Ton 1438 (MEXU); Paraje of Yehts ' Uk'um. Municipio of Tenejapa, 23 Nov 1964, Breedlove 7475 (TEX); Tujtiltik, 1 km abajo del pueblo cafetales de Cancuc, 22 Dec 1987, Cruz 336 (MEXU, TEX, WIS); Clınica Yerba Buena, 2 km northwest of Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacan. Municipio of Puebla Nuevo Solistahuacan, 23 – 24 Jan 1965, Raven & Breedlove 19835 (TEX); San Juan Chamula, 12 Oct 1988, Ruız 1096 (MEXU, TEX, WIS). — COLIMA: Rancho El Jabalı, 22 km (airline) NNW of Colima in the SW foothills of the Volcan de Colima, Colima / Jalisco line passes through ranch, lakeside 3 km E of house on main road to Lagos Calabozo & Epazote (intersection of main road with road to Caballeriza and airstrip), [19.5, - 103.7], 30 Oct 1990, Lott et al. 3032 (TEX); Rancho El Jabalı, 22 km (airline) N of Colima in the SW foothills of the Volcan de Colima, Colima / Jalisco line passes through ranch. Near Lago Epazote, [19.5, - 103.7], 5 Oct 1991, Vazquez V. 1366 (MEXU, TEX); Rancho El Jabalı, 20 km (airline) N of Colima in the SW foothills of the Volcan de Colima, El Agostadero, ridgetop in hills above the shrine 4.9 km SE of Hac. San Antonio on the road to Comala, [19.4, - 103.7], 7 Nov 1991, Sanders 11813 (MEXU). — DISTRITO FEDERAL: Barrancas Mixcoac, Oct 1930, Lyonnet 1389 (MEXU); El Mirador de Santa Ana, delegacion de Milpa Alta, 30 Oct 1976, Ventura A. 2361 (MEXU); San Francisco Tlalnerantla, Xochimilco, Sep 1984, Trejo s. n. (MEXU); Sta. Rosa, en ladera humeda, asoleada, matorral denso, 4 Oct 1952, Matuda 26622 (MEXU); In crevices in pedregal near Contreras, 12 Nov 1944, Sharp 441602 (MEXU); Santa Cecilia, delegacion de Xochimilco, 5 Dec 1976, Ventura A. 2458 (MEXU); Pedregal de San Angel, 1 Nov 1965, Sosa s. n. (MEXU); Pedregal de San. Angel, Oct 1913, Reiche s. n. (MEXU); Pedregal, Nov 1932, Lyonnet 1026 (MEXU); Rancho El Conejo, delegacion de Chimilco, 17 Oct 1976, Ventura A. 2325 (MEXU); Pedregal de San Angel, 5 Nov 1980, Madero 456 (MEXU); Pedregal de Tlalpan, 9 Oct 1937, Lyonnet 1686 (MEXU); Pedregal de San Angel, 5 Nov 1980, Madero 600 (MEXU); Bosque de Tlalpan; delegacion Tlalpan, [19.29, - 99.20], 30 Oct 2000, Ramos L. 707 (MEXU); Frente a la casita de las Ciencias, 23 Oct 1996, Mera et al. 88 B (MEXU); Tlaltequehuacan, municipio de San Andres Chiautla, 8 Nov 1981, Ventura A. 3802 (MEXU); Cerro del Judıo, delegacion de Contreras, 8 Oct 1977, Ventura A. 3085 (MEXU); Cerro de San Miguel, Santa Ana, delegacion de Milpa Alta, 6 Oct 1976, Ventura A. 2260 (MEXU); Primer Dinamo, delegacion de Contreras, 2 Nov 1979, Ventura A. 3592 (MEXU); Mirador Santa Ana, delegacion de Milpa Alta, 13 Nov 1976, Ventura A. 2386 (MEXU). — DURANGO: Mpio. Suchil. Reserva de la Biosfera La Michilıa, Cerro El Almagre, Sierra de Urica, al E de San Juan de Michis, [23.4, - 104.1], 16 Oct 1986, Gonzalez 2130 (ASC); Portero El Papalote de Chon Macias, San Juan de Michis, Mpio de Suchil, 29 Oct 1985, Alvarado 468 (MEXU). — GUANAJUATO: Steep rocky mountainsides ca 8 km northeast of Santa Rosa, in second-growth oak-forest, 10 Nov 1970, McVaugh 24139 (MEXU). — GUERRERO: Chialpa de Alvarez, 5.5 mi E of Chilapa on MEX 93, road to Atlixtac, [17.59503, - 99.11725], 9 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1775 (ASC); Chilapa de Alvarez, 7 mi W of Chilapa on MEX 93 road to Chilpancingo, 205 mi E of Zoquiapa, [17.55865, - 99.25012], 8 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1771 (ASC); A 22 km al E de Chilpancingo, carr. a Chilapa. Mpio. Chilpancingo, 5 Nov 1983, Tenerio L. & Ramamoorthy 4824 (MEXU); Moist slope near creek about 2 km below Omiltemi, 26 Oct 1944, Sharp 441520 (MEXU); Verde Rico, 3.85 km al SO, [17.70, - 99.95], 1 Oct 1999, Soto 17325 (MEXU); Verde Rico, 5.03 km al N, [17.75, - 99.88], 8 Dec 1998, Soto 12531 (MEXU); El Alquitran (la antena), municipio de Chilpancingo de los Bravo, 3 Nov 1991, Lozada 1642 (MEXU); San Gabriel, 3 km al E, camino a Tenoxcotitlan, [18.58, - 99.65], 23 Oct 1997, Duran 1664 (MEXU); Microondas road up Cerro Alquitran, marked “ El Tejocote ” on Hwy 95 W of Mazatlan; ca 10 km from Hwy 95, 29 Sep 1983, Anderson 12872 (MEXU, NY). — JALISCO: Shaded bank near Guadalajara, 23 Sep 1889, Pringle 2985 (GH); Volcan Tequila, along road to microwave station, [20.8, - 103.8], 23 Oct 1970, Webster & Breckon 15867 (MEXU, TEX); 26.3 km S of Talpa de Allende, on the way to La Cuesta, on road cut in edge of oak forest, 6 Nov 2002, Yahara et al. 2705 (MO); Mpio. Zapotitlan, Rancho El Jabalı, 22 km NNW de Colima, en las faldas del Cerro El Campanario, en las orillas del Rıo Cordoba, [19.46, - 103.7] 3 Nov 1990, Vazquez V. & Phillips 250 (MEXU). — MÉXICO: Amatepec, just N of Amatepec, 14.2 mi S of MEX 134 at Tejupilco, 4.5 mi S of Rıo Bejucos bridge on highway, [18.76082, - 100.1662], 6 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1766 (ASC); Carretera de Tejupilco a Amatepec. San Simon, approx. 15 km al S de Ixtapan y 12 km al N de Amatepec. Milpa cosechada dentro de la curva de la carretera, [18.7, - 100.2], 8 Dec 1996, Vibrans 6459 (MEXU); Fraccionamiento La Herradura, municipio de Huixquilucan, 12 Nov 1967, Rzedowski 25121 (LL); Mpio. de Tlalmanalco, carretera que va de Chalco-Amecameca, 9 km al ESE de Chalco, colina que esta a un lado de la carretera, 22 Nov 1976, Garcıa P. 232 (MEXU, WIS); Mesa del venado, Mpio. Temascalcingo, [19.99, - 100.09], 27 Sep 2004, Cruz 1240 (MEXU); Mpio. Tlalmanalco, Santo Tomas Atzingo, 1 km al NE del poblado, 2 km al E de la carretera Tlalmanalco-Amecameca, 20 Nov 1981, Garcıa P. 1568 (MEXU, TEX); Cajones, Distr.: Temascaltepec, 17 Nov 1935, Hinton et al. 8655 (TEX); Villa de Allende, 5 Oct 1952, Matuda 26805 (MEXU); 6 km al SE de Cuijingo, Mpio. de Tepetlixpa, 16 – 17 Nov 1980, Garcıa 911 (MEXU); El Remedio, 4 Nov 1951, Gold 8694 (MEXU); Cerro Pelon, camino hacia la colinia de la mariposa Monarca, [19.37, - 100.27], 13 Nov 2005, Melgoza et al. 957 (MEXU); Temascaltepec, 2 mi W of Temascaltepec on road to Valle de Bravo, [19.05353, - 100.05653], 7 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1769 (ASC); Toll road from Zitacuaro to Toluca, 3 mi W of San Francisco, 1.8 mi W of junction to Villa de Allende, [19.42343, - 100.16782], 5 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1762 (ASC); Mpio. Ocuilan, Laguna Tonatihua, [19.1, - 99.3], 6 Oct 1987, Robles 624 (MEXU); Camino a Llano redondo, ejido San Juan Xoconuxco, [19.36, - 100.24], 26 Dec 2005, Tenorio et al. 1705 (MEXU). — MICHOACÁN: Cerca de la cima del Cerro Altamirano (llano), Mpio. Contepec, [19.97, - 100.15], 22 Nov 2004, Manrıquez 4518 (MEXU); Hills of Patzcuaro, 8 Nov 1890, Pringle 3337 (MEXU, LL, WIS); Patzcuaro, 8.1 mi E of Tingambato on MEX 14, just W of junction to Pichataro and Paracho, [19.49632, - 101.77302], 2 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1761 (ASC); 7 km al E de Villa Jimenez, sobre el camino a Copandaro, 5 Oct 1986, Rzedowski 40775 (MEXU); Lado Este del Cerro El Aguila, subiendo por San Nicolas Obispo. Municipio de Morelia, 9 Dec 2007, Tenorio et al. 2378 (MEXU); 1 km SE de Jesus del Monte, Municipio de Morelia, 30 Oct 1988, Medina G. 1425 (MEXU); Agua Verde 3 km E de Copandaro en el Lago Zirahuen. Mun. Villa Escalante, 14 Dec 1980, Gonzalez G. 667 (MEXU); 1.0 km W of Dos Aguas on road to Coalcoman, 18 Nov 1983, Barrie 601 (TEX); Salida a Santa Clara del Cobre, municipio de Patzcuaro, 7 Nov 1985, Escobedo 587 (MEXU); 2.5 km al SE de Ajuno, Carretera Patzcuaro-Uruapan; Mpio. de Patzcuaro, 3 Nov 1986, Mayo 578 (MEXU); Lado Sureste del Cerro El Aguila subiendo por Huatzanguio, municipio de Morelia, [19.62, - 101.38], 10 Nov 2007, Garcıa 379 (MEXU); A 5 km al S de Uruapan, camino a Nueva Italia. Mpio. Uruapan, 15 Nov 1983, Martınez S. et al. 5322 (MEXU); Mun. Los Reyes, a 18.5 km al SE de Tinguindin, [19.66, - 102.40], 19 Nov 2001, Martınez 34663 (MEXU); Sparsely forested slopes of Cerro Potrerillos, ca. 5 miles north of Cotija and 2 miles south of Jiquilpan, 5 – 9 Oct 1961, King & Soderstrom 4611 (TEX); Mpio. de Ciudad Hidalgo, Mil Cumbres, a 2.8 km al E de Mil Cumbres, 14 Nov 1988, Ramomoorthy 4519 (MEXU); 2 km al SE del Cerro del Estribo, municipio de Patzcuaro, 8 Dec 1986, Gardu no ~ 2437 (MEXU); Lado NW del Cerro San Miguel, municipio de Patzcuaro, 13 Nov 1985, Barriga 1748 (MEXU); Guanatini-Pamatacuaro; municipio Los Reyes, 16 Oct 1984, Labat 1320 (MEXU); Bonilla, municipio de Patzcuaro, 23 Oct 1991, Escobedo 2238 (MEXU); Patzcuaro, Cerro Estribo, [19.51463, - 101.63725], 1 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1760 (ASC, MEXU); El Cerrito, 1.5 km al E de Jerahuaro, municipio de Zinapecuaro, 20 Oct 1989, Jasso 1710 (MEXU); Los Tres Cerritos, municipio de Zacapu, 19 Oct 1988, Nu nez ~ 355 (MEXU). — MORELOS: 2 – 3 km al N de Tepoztlan, sobre la ca nada ~ de la zona arqueologica de Tepoztlan, Mpio. Tepoztlan, [19.0, - 99.10], 5 Oct 1986, Flores F. & Cabrera 162 (MEXU). — NUEVO LEÓN: Rancho San Luis Aculco, Chalco, 8 Nov 1980, Hinton 18109 (TEX). — OAXACA: La Sirena, Miahuatlan, 23 Oct 1995, Hinton 26399 (TEX); En Puente Jaltengo a 15 km al N de Candelaria Loxichia, camino Pochutla-Oaxaca, Martınez S. et al. 2470 (ASC, MEXU); Tlaxiaco, 22 Oct 1957, MacDougall s. n. (MEXU); Sto. Tomas Octepec, Tlaxiaca, 17 Nov 1972, MacDougall H 518 (NY); Teposcolula, 1 Dec 1895, Robinson 1506 (GH); Santiago Juxtlahuaca, San Sebastian Tecomaxtlahuaca, km 8 de la carretera Tecomaxtlahuaca-San Martın Peras, [17.310, - 98.098], 2 Nov 1994, Panero 5427 (NY, TEX); A 35.5 km al NE de Putla, camino a Tlaxiaco, Distr. de Putla, 27 Nov 1983, Martınez S. & Barrie 5808 (MEXU); Barranca de Pajaro on the road to Tlaxiaco, 27 Nov 1983, Barrie 754 (TEX); A 5 km al S de Tlaxiaco, Distrito de Tlaxiaco, 27 Oct 1980, Tellez 3869 (MEXU); Santiago Juxtlahuaca, San Martın Peras, km 16 de la desviacıon a Ca nada ~ de Lobos sobre el nuevo camino a campos de fresas, [17.329, - 98.121], 24 Oct 1994, Panero et al. 5283 (TEX); Juxtlahuaca, Santiago Juxtlahuaca, 22 Oct 1997, [17.2674, - 98.0], Calzada 22292 (MEXU). — PUEBLA: Parque Estatal General Lazaro Cardenas, [19.03, - 98.11], 1 Nov 1994, Romero 584 (MEXU); Between Acatzingo and El Seco, 10 Oct 1944, Sharp 441275 (MEXU); Moist steep bank above river near La Vente, 15 Nov 1944, Sharp 441660 (MEXU); Parque Estatal General Lazaro Cardenas, [19.01, - 98.11], 25 Oct 1994, Romero 556 (MEXU); Tepoxuchilt, 27 Oct 1910, Antonio s. n. (MEXU); Parque Estatal General Lazaro Cardenas, [19.03, - 98.11], 1 Nov 1994, Romero 598 (MEXU); Malinche San Miguel Canoa, 20 Oct 1968, Boege 1011 (MEXU); Matamoros, 2 Oct 1942, Miranda 2254 (MEXU). Panama. — PROV. HERRERA: Roadside ca 3 km N of Las Minas, 19 Jan 1981, D'Arcy & Sytsma 14287 (MEXU). Peru. — PROV. CONTUMAZÁ: Dept. Cajamarca, 28 Jun 1992, Sagastegui et al. 14748 (ASC). — PROV. OTUZCO: Dpto. La Libertad, Huaranchal, 6 Jun 1958, Lopez et al. 2657 (NY). Venezuela. — ESTADO DE MIRANDA: Los Teques, 29 Nov 1938, Alston 5262 (LL).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD52FF3FFAEE9A7BF8C8.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE: MÉXICO. Guerrero: Mountains above Iguala, 24 Oct 1900, C. G. Pringle 8375 (holotype: GH!; isotypes: F, G, GOET, ISC, JE-image!, MO!, NY-image!, PH-image!, POM, RM, S, US-image!).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD52FF3FFAEE9A7BF8C8.taxon	description	Stems 15 – 54 cm tall, simple or with few to many ascending branches, 0.5 – 4.0 mm wide at base, minutely winged, pubescent with soft hairs especially near base, the hairs evenly distributed around stem, not confined to wings. Leaves subsessile or pseudo-petiolate, the faintly winged pseudo-petioles decurrent into narrow wings on stem; blades green, base rounded and attenuate into poorly defined winged petioles, apex rounded, acute, or acuminate; lowermost blades suborbicular to broadly ovate, 8 – 20 mm long, 4 – 16 mm wide; middle to upper blades ovate to broadly lanceolate, 17 – 63 mm long, (6 –) 10 – 25 (– 46) mm wide; margins irregularly serrate, sometimes crenate; glabrous throughout or ciliate on margins with sparse hairs adaxially and on the veins abaxially. Inflorescences weakly secund with few to 20 flowers per stem; bracts lanceolate and leafy at base of inflorescence becoming narrowly linear distally, 2.7 – 60 mm long, 0.5 – 25 mm wide, spreading to ascending. Flowers with pedicels 3 – 15 mm long in flower, minutely pubescent, ascending and often bent distally in fruit; hypanthium a flattened disc in flower, 1 – 1.5 mm in diameter, 0.5 – 0.9 mm in length from calyx sinus to attachment point with pedicel, becoming minutely obconic in fruit, pubescent with short, stiff hairs; calyx lobes subequal to equal, ca. three-quarters the length of the fruit, narrowly triangular to linear-elliptic, (3 –) 4 – 5 (– 6.1) mm long in flower, green, purple, or magenta, margins entire and prominently white ciliate; corolla purple to purplish-blue, nectar guides blue-white with two small raised projections at throat; tube cylindrical, (5 –) 6.2 – 8.8 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, (0.3 –) 0.7 – 1.6 mm wide at middle; dorsal lobes linear to elliptic-oblanceolate, usually with a narrowed claw attaching distal portion to deltoid base, 3.5 – 5.0 mm long, 0.4 – 0.6 mm wide; ventral lobes oblong with mucronate tip, 4.5 – 5.7 mm long, 1.6 – 2.7 mm wide; filaments (5 –) 5.7 – 8.6 mm long; anthers 1.2 – 1.8 mm long, dark purple with downy white covering, two large and many small white trichomes at apex of ventral anther pair. Fruits narrowly ovoid to ellipsoid and slightly curved at tip, (4.8 –) 5.9 – 12.0 mm long, 1.6 – 3.2 mm wide, light brown or purplish; seeds round to ovoid, 0.4 – 0.5 mm long, orange to orange-brown. Figures 4 E, S 4 C. Chromosome Number — Unknown.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD52FF3FFAEE9A7BF8C8.taxon	distribution	Distribution — Mexican states of Guerrero, Mexico, Morelos, Oaxaca, and Puebla (Fig. 5).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD52FF3FFAEE9A7BF8C8.taxon	discussion	Notes — We elevated this taxon from the rank of subspecies due to a combination of morphological traits and molecular evidence. Morphologically, it has characters that are distinct from D. virgata, such as ciliate calyx margins and narrowly ovoid capsules. Diastatea virgata, in contrast, has glabrous calyx margins and narrowly cylindrical fruits. Molecular evidence suggests that the closest relatives of D. ciliata are D. maximiliana and D. costaricensis rather than D. virgata.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD52FF3FFAEE9A7BF8C8.taxon	materials_examined	Additional Specimens Examined — Mexico. — GUERRERO: 14.7 miles west of Mexico Highway 95 and 7 miles east of Xochipala, 15 Oct 1975, Reveal et al. 4183 (MO, TEX); Los Ranchos (Rancho Viejo), 15 miles west of Teloloapan, 17 Dec 1963, Porter 1358 (GH); Mpios. de Iguala y Buenavista, Ca non ~ de La Mano, entre Los Amates y El Naranjo, 10 km al N de Iguala por el ferrocarril, 5 Oct 1986, Catalan H. 289 (MEXU); Taxco, 5 Oct 1960, Paray 3084 (MEXU); 19 miles north of Iguala, 16 Nov 1958, Jones 23329 (MEXU, LL); 14 km al SW de Xochipala carr. a filo de Caballo, 17 Oct 1983, Nunez ~ & Martınez 5668 (MEXU); Temisco; Barranca del Consuelo, 15 Nov 1937, Mexia 8813 (MO); Mpio. General Heliodoro Castillo (Tlacoapa), Tlacotepec, 3.73 km al N, [17.82, - 99.84], 29 Oct 1998, Soto 11600 (MEXU); Mpio. Taxco de Alarcon, Mexcaltepec, 0.4 km al NE, [18.43, - 99.54], 25 Oct 1997, Gordillo 2024 (MEXU); El Mogote, 2 km al E, [18.68, - 99.54], 22 Oct 1997, Gordillo 2021 (MEXU); Piedras Negras, cerca de Cacahuamilpa, 15 Nov 1953, Matuda et al. 29731 (MEXU). — MÉXICO: Vigas, Temascaltepec, 9 Oct 1935, Hinton et al. 8538 (MEXU, MO, LL); Tenayac, Temascaltepec, 19 Oct 1935, Hinton et al. 8374 (GH). — MORELOS: Cuernavaca-Yautepec road, near Yautepec, km 22, 25 Oct 1943, Lundell 12611 (LL); Near Yautepec, 21 Oct 1902, Pringle 11005 (MO); km 126 of Cuernavaca-Taxco Highway, 19 Oct 1943, Lundell & Lundell 12565 (LL); Ca non ~ del Lobo, cerca de Yautepec, 19 Sep 1954, Gold 699 (MEXU). — OAXACA: Distrito: Yautepec, Municipio: San Carlos Yautepec. Rancho Los Ruices, Sta. Ma. Lachixonace, [16.524, - 95.820], 21 Oct 2010, Ruiz & Sanchez 308 (ASC); 6 km W of Tlaxiaco on Mex 125, [17.15, - 97.48], 28 Nov 2003, Yahara et al. 2837 (MO). — PUEBLA: Cerro Tlacochtli, 6 Oct 1942, Miranda 2319 (MEXU).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD53FC88F8099DB3FBDB.taxon	materials_examined	NEOTYPE, here designated: MÉXICO. Oaxaca: Teotitlan, Santa Marıa Ixcatlan, aproximadamente 6 km al NNW de Santa Marıa Ixcatlan sobre la brecha a San Pedro Nodon [17.825, - 97.156], 28 Oct 1996, J. L. Panero & J. I. Calzada 6778 (neotype: NY!; isoneotypes: TEX!, MEXU!).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD53FC88F8099DB3FBDB.taxon	description	Stems 6.2 – 43.5 cm tall, simple or with few to many ascending branches, 0.4 – 3.9 mm wide at base, glabrous or minutely hirtellous on the prominent wings. Leaves subsessile or pseudo-petiolate; pseudo-petioles 3 – 8 mm long, margins winged, ciliate, decurrent into narrow wings on stem; blades green or suffused with purple, base rounded to narrowly cuneate, apex rounded or blunt, tipped with callosity; lowermost blades ovate to lanceolate, 6 – 28 mm long, 3.5 – 15 mm wide; middle to upper blades ovate, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, (4.5 –) 8.4 – 55 mm long, (2.2 –) 3.8 – 25 mm wide; margins irregularly serrate to erose with callosities often occurring between teeth; mostly glabrous or with sparsely scattered stiff hairs. Inflorescence weakly to strongly secund with few to 20 flowers per stem; bracts narrowly lanceolate to linear, 2.5 – 30 mm long, 0.5 – 15 mm wide, ascending to somewhat appressed. Flowers with pedicels 2 – 30 mm long in flower, ascending and often bent distally in fruit, glabrous; hypanthium a flattened disc in flower, 0.8 – 1.3 mm in diameter, 0.3 – 1.0 mm in length from calyx sinus to attachment point with pedicel, not much expanded in fruit, glabrous; calyx lobes subequal to equal, from one-third to one-half the length of the fruit, linear, 2.1 – 4.8 mm long in flower, green, purple, or green with purple tip and teeth, margins entire or with 1 – 2 pair of gland-tipped teeth near the middle, glabrous; corolla purple to purplish-blue, the nectar guides pale yellow with small bright yellow raised projections at throat; tube cylindrical, 6.8 – 9.7 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, 0.6 – 1.3 mm wide at middle; dorsal lobes elliptic, obovate, or oblanceolate, usually with a narrow claw attaching distal portion to deltoid base, 3.3 – 6.0 mm long, 0.6 – 1.9 mm wide; ventral lobes oblong to oblanceolate with mucronate tip, (3.8 –) 4.1 – 7.5 (– 8.8) mm long, 1.4 – 2.8 mm wide; filaments (6.5 –) 7.2 – 10 mm long; anthers 1.2 – 2.0 mm long, dark purple with downy white covering and short stiff hairs throughout, plus two large and many small white trichomes at apex of ventral anther pair, sometimes with slightly lighter margins between adjacent anthers. Fruits cylindrical sometimes slightly curved at tip, 6.0 – 13.2 mm long, 1.2 – 2.5 mm wide, light brown or purplish-brown; seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm long, orange to dark orange. Figures 3 G, H, 4 H. Chromosome Number — 2 n 5 14 (Fig. S 5 B).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD53FC88F8099DB3FBDB.taxon	distribution	Distribution — Well-documented in the Mexican state of Oaxaca and less frequently in Puebla and Guerrero (Fig. 5).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD53FC88F8099DB3FBDB.taxon	discussion	Notes — McVaugh (1940 b) noted in his treatment of the genus that Scheidweiler’ s original material of D. virgata had not been located. Despite this, it does not appear that McVaugh ever chose a neotype for D. virgata. We also conducted searches of herbaria where Scheidweiler’ s collections are known to be deposited, including the National Botanic Garden of Belgium Vascular Plant Herbarium (BR), the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem (B), and the Nationaal Herbarium Nederland at Leiden (L), and did not locate his original material. Therefore, a neotype for D. virgata has been designated here. Subspecific taxa are no longer recognized within D. virgata. Diastatea virgata subsp. ciliata has been elevated to specific rank based on both distinct morphological traits and molecular evidence.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB5BD53FC88F8099DB3FBDB.taxon	materials_examined	Additional Specimens Examined — Mexico. — GUERRERO: Mpio. Chilpancingo, 4.7 mi E of turnoff to Omeapa on highway 93 Tixtla-Chilapa, 26 Oct 1984, Saunders-Scherrer et al. 1440 (MEXU, LL); Mpio. Chilapa, 7 mi W of Chilapa on road (MEX 93) to Chilpancingo, 2.5 mi E of Zoquiapa, 17 33.519 ’ N, 99 15.007 ’ W, 8 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1772 (ASC, IBUG, MEXU, NY). — OAXACA: Distrito de Huajuapan de Leon, Mpio. de Santiago Chazumba: 54 km. al SO. de Tehuacan (Puebla) sobre la carretera a Huajuapan, 2 km. al O. del limite con Puebla, Lat. 18 12 ’ N, Long. 97 40 ’ W, 18 Oct 1979, Wendt et al. 2243 (LL); Alrededores de Monte Alban, Mpio. Monte-Alban, Dto. Centro, 8 Oct 1985, Lopez et al. 722 (MEXU); 18.4 miles SE of Tlacolula, 13 Nov 1980, Fryxell & Lott 3407 (MEXU, MO, NY); Jayacatlan, 4 Nov 1894, Smith 284 (GH); El Paria, Etla, Nov 1898, Conzatti & Gonzalez 904 (GH); Monte Alban, S of Oaxaca City, 14 Oct 1983, Anderson 13126 (NY); 20 km south of Nochixtlan along Highway 190 to Oaxaca, 4 Nov 1973, Breedlove 35859 (MO); North of Jayacatlan along road towards Nacaltepec, 4 Nov 1973, Breedlove 35904 (MO); Monte Alban, near Oaxaca, 30 Oct 1894, Smith 721 (GH, MO); “ Vuelta Grande ” 9 km al E de Nacaltepec, brecha a La Union, Cuicatlan [17.5, - 96.9], 7 Dec 1991, Tovar et al. 6586 - b (MO); 1.6 km E of Highway 125 on the road to Guadalupe Cuautepec at km 85 from Tehuacan on Highway 125, 18 Oct 1985, Bartholomew et al. 3092 B (GH); Distrito: Etla, Municipio: San Felipe Tejalapa. Loma de la Mina [17.069, - 96.890], 17 Oct 2011, Morales 578 (ASC); Distrito: Etla, Municipio: San Felipe Tejalapa. Barranca Boca de Leon [17.072, - 96.889], 17 Oct 2011, Morales 532 (ASC); Mun. Tlacolula, 5 km al S de Matatlan, Nueve Puntas, Estacion Microondas, Dec 1980, Ramamoorthy et al. 1188 (MEXU); Mpio. Silacayoapan, Dto. Silacayoapan, 10 km al SE de San Martın del Estado hacia Silacayoapan alrededores del cerro la Cabra [17.55, - 98.117], 7 Dec 1992, Colın 14118 (MEXU). — PUEBLA: 65 miles southeast of Izucar de Matamoros (jct. at south end of town), 6 Oct 1984, Lavin 5169 (NY, TEX); 12 miles southeast of Petlalcingo, 7 Nov 1964, Ripley & Barneby 13681 (NY); Rancho San Antonio, 10 km al NW de Molcaxac, Brecha a Huatlatlauca [18.7, - 98.0], 15 Oct 1984, Tenorio L. et al. 7681 (MEXU).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB4BD54FCE5FB1B9A48FF55.taxon	materials_examined	NEOTYPE, here designated: MÉXICO. Guerrero: Chilapa de Alvarez, 11.5 mi E of Chilapa on MEX 93, road to Atlixtac, [17.59222, - 99.09123], 9 Nov 2006, T. J. Ayers, R. Scott & A. Scott 1773 (neotype: MEXU!; isoneotypes: ASC!, IBUG!, NY!).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB4BD54FCE5FB1B9A48FF55.taxon	description	Stems 13 – 46 cm tall, simple or with few to many ascending branches, 0.5 – 2.7 mm wide at base, winged, glabrous except for the ciliate wings. Leaves sessile to subsessile below, sessile above, decurrent into narrow wings on stem; blades purple to green, base truncate to cuneate, apex subacute to narrowly acute; lowermost blades ovate to elliptic, 1.6 – 12 mm long, 1.7 – 7 mm wide, margins regularly serrate, mostly glabrous but with short hairs near base; upper blades narrowly elliptic to linear, 7.5 – 35 mm long, 0.9 – 4.5 mm wide, margins regularly or irregularly serrate, glabrous or ciliolate on margins and at base. Inflorescence strongly secund with few to 18 flowers per stem, bracts linear to elliptic, 6 – 25.5 mm long, 0.5 – 1.8 mm wide, ascending to appressed. Flowers with pedicels 3 – 15 mm long in flower, glabrous or minutely pubescent near attachment with hypanthium, ascending to arcuate in fruit; hypanthium a flattened disc in flower, 1 – 1.7 mm in diameter, 0.1 – 0.6 mm in length from calyx sinus to attachment point with pedicel, not much expanded in fruit, glabrous; calyx lobes equal, one-half to two-thirds the length of the fruit and rarely exceeding it, narrowly triangular to linear, 1.8 – 4.8 mm long in flower, green, purple, or green with purple apex, margins entire, rarely with 1 pair of teeth at base, glabrous or finely ciliate; corolla purplish-blue to purple, some with pale yellow streaking especially along veins, nectar guides white at ventral lobe sinuses leading to yellow and dark blue projections at throat, sometimes with yellow streaks in the tube; tube broadly cylindrical and sometimes minutely funnelform, 2.9 – 4.6 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, 1.3 – 3.0 mm wide at middle; dorsal lobes oblanceolate, 2.5 – 4.0 mm long, 0.6 – 1.3 mm wide; ventral lobes obovate to oblong with a mucronate tip, 2.6 – 4.8 mm long, 1.5 – 3.1 mm wide; filaments 3.2 – 4.5 mm long; anthers (0.8 –) 1.1 – 1.5 mm long, dark purple with downy white covering and a few short hairs on dorsal anthers, two large and many small white trichomes at apex of ventral anther pair, the margins between adjacent anthers white. Fruits ovoid, 4.1 – 5.6 mm long, 2.5 – 3.5 mm wide, light brown or purplish; seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 – 0.6 mm long, orange-brown. Figures 3 E, 4 G. Chromosome Number — Unknown.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB4BD54FCE5FB1B9A48FF55.taxon	distribution	Distribution — Mexican state of Guerrero although several specimens with affinities to D. maximiliana have been collected in the states of Hidalgo and Oaxaca (Fig. 5).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB4BD54FCE5FB1B9A48FF55.taxon	discussion	Notes — We have been unable to locate the specimens noted under Wimmer’ s (1935) description of Laurentia maximiliana, namely L. Schultze no. 163 and 113, which were held at the herbarium of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem. It is likely that specimens seen by Wimmer were destroyed during WWII; therefore a neotype has been designated here. McVaugh (1940 b) placed this taxon in synonymy with D. micrantha. It has a broad corolla tube and fruit, both of which are minute in D. micrantha. Additionally, its cauline leaves are narrowly elliptic in contrast to the ovate to lanceolate leaves seen in D. micrantha. In our molecular phylogeny, D. maximiliana was more closely related to D. costaricensis and the newly designated D. ciliata, than to D. micrantha. While preparing this treatment, two unusual specimens came to our attention: E. Halbinger s. n. (MEXU) and R. M. Fonseca 2246 (MEXU). These specimens fall within the geographic range of D. maximiliana, but they share morphological traits with both D. maximiliana and D. costaricensis. Both their pubescence and their large corolla lobes mimic that of D. maximiliana, but their calyx lobes are toothed, and the lobes are equal in length to the fruit, which are diagnostic traits of D. costaricensis. This odd mixture of morphology warrants further study in any future work on these species.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB4BD54FCE5FB1B9A48FF55.taxon	materials_examined	Additional Specimens Examined — Mexico. — GUERRERO: Mpio. Atlixtac, 24 km al E de Chilapa por la carretera a Tlapa, 29 Oct 1979, Koch et al. 79171 (MEXU, NY); Mpio. Chilpancingo, 8.9 mi E of the western boundary of Chilapa, 5.6 mi E Rıo Atempa on highway 93, 26 Oct 1984, Saunders-Scherrer et al. 1479 (LL); Mpio. Chilapa, Estacion de Microondas Pozo Largo, carretera Chilapa a Tlapa, 27 Dec 1993, Calzada 19012 (MEXU); Chilapa de Alvarez, 11.5 mi E of Chilapa on MEX 93, road to Atlixtac, 9 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1773 (ASC, IBUG, MEXU, NY); Chilapa de Alvarez, 9.8 mi E of Chilapa on MEX 93, road to Atlixtac, [17.60793, - 99.08788], 9 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1774 (ASC); Mesones, a un lado de la Carr. Chilapa-Tlapa, 27 Oct 1995, Fonseca 2246 (MEXU); Hueycantenango, 15 Nov 1975, Halbinger s. n. (MEXU). — HIDALGO: Mun. Ajacuba, aprox. 1 km al SE del “ puerto del gachupın ”, ladera W de “ La mesa grande ”, vertiente S de la sierra de Chicavasco, ejido San Nicolas Tecomatlan, al NE de Emiliano Zapata, [20.15, - 99.01], 27 Oct 1989, Vilchis et al. 633 (MEXU). — OAXACA: Santiago Juxtlahuaca, San Martın Peras, km 16 de la desviacion a Ca nada ~ de Lobos sobre el nuevo camino a campos de fresas, [17.329, - 98.121], 24 Oct 1994, Panero et al. 5283 (TEX); Mun. Zapoquila Rincon del Tecolote, al NW de Guadalupe Membrillos, Distrito Huajuapan, 17 Oct 1991, Tenorio L. et al. 17678 (MO); Mun. Zapoquila Piedras Paradas, Cerro Chicamole al N de Guadalupe Membrillos, Distrito Huajuapan, 22 Nov 1991, Tenorio L. 18142 (MO).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB3BD55FC88FF669C77FE59.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE: COSTA RICA. Prope San Jose, November 1846, A. S. Ørsted 9238 (holotype: C-image!; isotype: C-image!).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB3BD55FC88FF669C77FE59.taxon	description	Stems 5.5 – 48 cm tall, simple or with few to many ascending branches, 0.8 – 2.5 mm wide at base, minutely winged; wings ciliate with flattened trichomes. Leaves sessile or pseudo-petiolate below, sessile above; blades green to purple, base rounded to cuneate, decurrent into narrow wings, apex rounded to narrowly acute; lowermost blades ovate, 2.8 – 5.5 mm long, 2.5 – 3.5 mm wide, the margins regularly serrate with prominent teeth; middle to upper blades narrowly lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 8 – 33 mm long, 1.1 – 4.2 (– 5.5) mm wide, margins irregularly serrate; glabrous throughout or ciliate on margins with sparse hairs adaxially and on the veins abaxially. Inflorescences strongly secund with few to 10 flowers per stem; bracts narrowly elliptic to linear, 4.5 – 20 mm long, 0.6 – 2 mm wide, ascending to appressed. Flowers with pedicels 2.2 – 10 mm long in flower, minutely pubescent, ascending and often bent distally in fruit; hypanthium a flattened disc in flower, 1 – 1.5 mm in diameter, 0.4 – 1 mm in length from calyx sinus to attachment point with pedicel, not much expanded in fruit, glabrous; calyx lobes equal, more or less equaling fruit in length, narrowly triangular, 2.5 – 4.7 mm long in flower, green, purple, or green with purple tip and teeth, margins entire or rarely with 1 – 2 pair of teeth below middle, strongly ciliate; corolla purplish-blue, nectar guides yellow with raised projections at throat; tube broadly cylindrical, 3 – 4 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, 1.2 – 2 mm wide at middle; dorsal lobes broadly triangular, 1.3 – 1.5 mm long, 0.5 mm wide; ventral lobes rounded spatulate, 1.5 – 2 mm long, 1 mm wide; filaments 2.8 – 3.7 mm long; anthers 0.7 – 1 mm long, purple-brown with a few scattered hairs near apex of dorsal set, two large and many small white trichomes at apex of ventral anther pair, the margins between adjacent anthers white. Fruits ovoid, 4.5 – 6.2 mm long, 2.0 – 3.2 mm wide, light brown or purplish; seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm long, orange-brown. Figure 4 F. Chromosome Number — Unknown.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB3BD55FC88FF669C77FE59.taxon	distribution	Distribution — Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Honduras. Not documented from southern Mexico (Fig. 6).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB3BD55FC88FF669C77FE59.taxon	discussion	Notes — All of the sheets examined for this study lacked stigmatic lobes exserted from the anther tube. This species may be autogamous with only rare outcrossing events. A discussion of individuals with intermediate morphologies is included under D. maximiliana. As McVaugh noted in his revision of Laurentia (McVaugh 1940 b), Wimmer erroneously identified Oersted 9238, the type collection of D. costaricensis, as conspecific with Oersted 9246, the type of Lobelia irasuensis Planch. & Oerst., collected on Volcan Irazu at the same time. Because of this error in identification, Wimmer made two subsequent combinations first in Laurentia as L. irasuensis (Planch. & Oerst.) E. Wimm. (Standley 1938) and then in Diastatea as D. irasuensis (Planch. & Oerst.) E. Wimm. (Wimmer 1948). Therefore, D. irasuensis Lobelia irasuensis and thus is treated here as an excluded taxon.	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
03F68C0FFFB3BD55FC88FF669C77FE59.taxon	materials_examined	Additional Specimens Examined — Costa Rica. — PROV. ALAJUELA: Loc. Zarcero, Canton Alfaro Ruiz, 11 Jan 1939, Smith 1435 (NY); La Palma de San Ramon, 23 – 26 Oct 1922, Brenes 3777 (NY); San Rafael de San Ramon, 23 Dec 1927, Brenes 5910 (NY). Guatemala. — DEPT. GUATEMALA: Cerro del Carmen, Nov 1865, Bernoulli 146 (NY). — DEPT. SANTA ROSA: Estanzuela, Nov 1892, Smith 4257 (GH, NY). Honduras. — DEPT. MORAZÁN: Mountains between Monta na ~ Uyuca and La Monta nita ~, 27 Dec 1962, Williams et al. 23239 (GH, LL, MO, NY); In the fields on the west slope of Mt. Uyuca, 29 Dec 1949, Williams 17045 (GH); Bosque mixto entre Cuesta de Los Muertos y Monte Obscuro, La Monta nita ~, 27 Dec 1962, Molina R. 11169 (NY). — DEPT. EL PARAÍSO: 2 km northwest of Guinope €, near Manzaragua road, 27 Feb 1949, Standley 17257 (MO, NY); 3 km NW of G uinope €, 27 Feb 1949, Williams & Merrill 15693 (MO); 2 miles NW of G uinope €, 5 Jan 1947, Williams & Molina R. 11523 (GH, MEXU, MO).	en	Johnson, Elizabeth P., Ayers, Tina J. (2022): Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 47 (1): 61-84, DOI: 10.1600/036364422X16442668423392, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16442668423392
