identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F687D4FFFE2B62FBFAFB4AC2E2FAA8.text	03F687D4FFFE2B62FBFAFB4AC2E2FAA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cynorkis hasinai Hervouet & Ranaivo 2026	<div><p>Cynorkis hasinai Hervouet &amp; Ranaivo, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1-6; 8)</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. —This species belongs to the group of section Parviflorae species with inversed flowers. It differs from all other species by its 5-lobed lip with two very prominent upward 5 mm long intermediate lobes. Four other species in the section have inversed flowers and 5-lobed lip: Cynorkis quinqueloba H.Perrier ex Hermans, has intermediate lobes at least half the size of the middle lobe; Cynorkis quinquepartita has basal lobes bigger than the intermediate lobes but a little smaller than the middle one; Cynorkis verrucosa Bosser has much smaller intermediate lobes and the zone between the two basal lobes is verrucose. Cynorkis schlechteri H.Perrier is the closest species, with the intermediate lobes also the most prominent, but it is a much smaller plant (maximum 25 cm versus 42 cm for C. hasinai sp. nov.), with smaller flowers, the intermediate lobes being 3 mm long at most, versus 5 mm for C. hasinai sp. nov. The lip colour is light pink and white (versus dark red and white for C. hasinai sp. nov.). The flowering seasons are different (August-September for C. schlechteri, March-April for C. hasinai sp. nov.). The altitudes are different (0-800 m for C. schlechteri versus around 1200 m for C. hasinai sp. nov.).</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Madagascar • Diana, Montagne d’Ambre National Park, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.583333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.15/lat -12.583333)">Sommet d’Ambre</a>; 12°35’S, 49°09’E; alt. 1400-1475 m; 9-13.IV.1993; S. Malcomber, O. Andrianantoanina &amp; J. Rebety 2344; holotype: P [P01800769]! and flowers in alcohol .</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species is dedicated to Rakotobe Hasimbola Joelina, known as Hasina. He has been since 2017 our guide, driver and dear friend. He is an ardent orchid enthusiast and an outstanding prospector with a very keen eye. We owe him a lot of discoveries and he was able, with his son Landry in February 2020, after extensively scouting the place, to find one plant in flower among many others which were only in bud.</p><p>PHENOLOGY. — End February to June.</p><p>DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Madagascar. It is so far known only from Montagne d’Ambre National Park in the north of Madagascar (Fig. 7). In the herb layer of humid forests. It has the same habitat and flowering season than Liparis chantaliae Hermans &amp; Hervouet (Fig. 8).</p><p>CONSERVATION. — This species has been collected from a single locality in Montagne d’Ambre National Park, which suffers, within its limits, from illegal logging and clandestine culture of khat ( Catha edulis (Vahl) Forssk., Celastraceae), it can be considered Critically endangered (CR) according to criterion B2, with Area of occupation (AOO) less than 10 km 2, a single location and quality of habitat on decline.</p><p>ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Madagascar • Diana, Montagne d’Ambre National Park; VI.2024; J. Bosser 20348; P01800748 ! • Diana, Montagne d’Ambre National Park, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.583333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.15/lat -12.583333)">Sommet d’Ambre</a>; 12°35’S, 49°09’E; 9-13.IV.1993; S. Malcomber, O. Andrianantoanina &amp; J. Rebety 2344; paratype: MO • Diana, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.17361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.620833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.17361/lat -12.620833)">Montagne d’Ambre National Park</a>; 12°37’15”S, 49°10’25”E; alt. 1100 m; 9.IV.2008; S.M. Trigui, M.H. Razanajatovo &amp; S.D. Ramandimbimanana SMT 168; P01768887 ! • Diana, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.164448&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.53389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.164448/lat -12.53389)">Montagne d’Ambre National Park</a>; 12°32’02”S, 49°09’52”E; alt. 1198 m; 3.IV.2024; J.Ranaivo RJn_Pol_2024-002, Aut. Rec. N°72/24/MEDD/SG/DGGE/ DAPRNE/SCBE; TAN ! • Diana, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.17139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.531667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.17139/lat -12.531667)">Montagne d’Ambre National Park</a>; 12°31’54”S, 49°10’17”E; alt. 1162 m; 4.IV.2024; J. Ranaivo RJn_Pol_2024-003; TAN !</p><p>NOTES</p><p>The closest species, Cynorkis schlechteri, is known in herbaria only from the holotype collected by H.Perrier, close to river Anove on the East coast of Madagascar. It has probably disappeared from this place but a few plants still exist in the Ambodiriana forest near the village of Manompana, around 12 km south of the locus classicus. Specimen P01768832 in P, Nusbaumer L. et al. LN2375, from Montagne d’Ambre, has been determined Cynorkis schlechteri and is indeed also close to Cynorkis hasinai sp. nov., but the lateral lobes of the lip do not fit and it has been collected in November. It is in fact Cynorkis quinquepartita, this is no wonder since Montagne d’Ambre is its locus classicus.</p><p>No pollinator of Cynorkis hasinai sp. nov. has been observed yet. It seems (Fig. 6) that all flowers are fruiting, which is a hint that the plant could be autogamous or, more probably since the viscidia are functional, facultatively autogamous.</p><p>A DNA analysis has been done and will be presented in a further article including other Cynorkis species.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Slender terrestrial herb, sometimes also epiphytic on fallen trunks or branches, 17-42 cm tall including the inflorescence. Tubers 1-3, fusiform, elongated, 5 × 1 cm, roots 5-8, up to 6 cm long, wiry, diameter 2-3 mm. Stem and peduncle cylindrical, 2-3 mm in diameter, with a basal enveloping sheath c. 15 mm long, and then up to 8 sheathing acicular scales c. 20 × 2 mm, evenly spaced up to the rachis. Leaves 1-2, basal, sheathing the stem at their base, erect, elliptic to linear-lanceolate, acute or slightly acuminate, 5-26 × 2.3-4 cm, ventrally deep green mottled with light green or white, dorsally light green; one or both margins of the leaf may be thinly undulated, giving a denticulate aspect (Fig. 9). Rachis with 18-30 flowers, 5-7 cm long, cylindrical. Floral bracts linear, acuminate 4-12 mm × 0.8-3 mm. Ovary suberect, not twisted, ridged, 10 × 1 mm, with glandular hairs, light green. Flowers very small, from top to bottom 11 mm, 9 mm wide, secund, spreading; dorsal sepal cucullate, concave, almost navicular, obtuse, 3 × 2.2 mm, white slightly tinged with pink; lateral sepals ovate, almost navicular, falcate, obtuse, 3 × 2.2 mm, concave at the apex, 3-nerved, strongly reflexed, dorsally with glandular hairs, white; petals elliptic, 3 × 1.7 mm, falcate, 3-nerved, also with a few glandular hairs, white with apex tinged with pink and a few purple marks; lip 5-lobed, 5-6.6 × 3-8 mm, erect, dorsally white, ventrally with white gorge and all lobes with wine-coloured streaks and points, basal lobes short, 1-2 mm, sub-rectangular, intermediate lobes 3-4.6 mm long, spatulate, 0.6-1.5 mm wide, progressively widened, at c. 45° from vertical axis, midlobe triangular, 2 × 1.2 mm, acute, with 3 parallel nerves; spur parallel to the ovary, above it, broadening from base to apex, laterally flattened (1 mm high × 0.5 mm wide), ampullaceous at the apex, 3-4 × 0.6 mm, translucent. Column 1-2 × 0.7-0.8 mm, anther obtuse; rostellum slightly trilobed, saddle-shaped, the three lobes subequal, middle lobe bifid. Caudicles and viscidia lying in the grooves formed between the rostellum lobes. Auricles on either side of pollinia, triangular in front view.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F687D4FFFE2B62FBFAFB4AC2E2FAA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hervouet, Jean-Michel;Ranaivo, Jaona	Hervouet, Jean-Michel, Ranaivo, Jaona (2026): Cynorkis hasinai Hervouet & Ranaivo, sp. nov. (Orchidaceae, Orchidioideae, Habenariinae), a new species from Madagascar. Adansonia (3) 48 (14): 151-158, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2026v48a14
