identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03EC5341FB2DF04DFDF0E0276E24AB72.text	03EC5341FB2DF04DFDF0E0276E24AB72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myriospora kunyuensis J. X. Wang & L. Hu 2025	<div><p>Myriospora kunyuensis J.X. Wang &amp; L. Hu, sp. nov. Fungal Names: FN 571741, Mycobank No: MB858756 (Fig. 2)</p><p>Type:— CHINA, Shandong Province: Weihai City, Wendeng District, Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve, Taiboding, along the downhill path, 37°14'58.24″N, 121°46'9.68″E, 888 m elev., on rock, 22 November 2024, R. T. Li, W.X. Sun &amp; J.X. Wang 20242348 (SDNU, Holotype) (Fig. 2)</p><p>Diagnosis: Similar to M. smaragdula, but differing in having smaller apothecial disc and asci, and in producing stictic acid.</p><p>Description: — Thallus epilithic, areolate or subsquamulose, up to 2.5 mm wide, rounded to very irregular, dispersed to contiguous, replicating by division, margins thin, sometimes raised from the substratum. Upper surface greyish brown or greenish brown to dull brown, rarely black, often paler towards the margin, sometimes darkening around the apothecia, epruinose, usually convex, dull to somewhat shiny. Epicortex absent or 5–25(–40) μm thick. Cortex thin, ca. 5–25 μm thick, rarely only one to two cells thick, upper layer reddish-brown, lower layer lacking or less than 10 μm thick around the apothecia. Algal layer 25–140 μm thick, becoming thin at the margin, sometimes interrupted by narrow hyphal bundles, continuous beneath apothecia, algal cells ca. 10 μm wide. Medulla ca. 25–75 μm thick, indistinct.</p><p>Apothecia 1–3(–6) per areole or squamule, immersed; disc rounded, up to 40 μm wide, brown to black, sunken or level with the thallus, rough, uneven, rarely with very small crack, epruinose. Parathecium indistinct to ca. 20 μm wide, sometimes merging with cortex, expanded up to 75 μm wide around the disc, rarely forming elevated margin concolorous with the thallus. Hymenium (100–)140–200 μm high, epihymenium 10–25 μm thick, yellowish brown to brown, paraphyses 1–2 μm wide, with expanded apices to 3 μm wide, hymenial gel IKI+ blue to red, hemiamyloid. Asci polyspored, with more of 100 ascospores, 100–140 × 20–30 μm. Ascospores simple, hyaline, ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid, (3–) 3.9 ± 0.54 (–6) × (1.5–) 1.75 ± 0.0875 (2.5) μm (n=20), l/b 2.3. Subhymenium 30–50(–70) μm thick, IKI+ blue, euamyloid, with oil drops. Hypothecium ca. 30 μm thick, IKI–. Pycnidia not observed.</p><p>Chemistry: —Cortex K+ yellow, PD+ orange, C–; stictic acid detected by TLC.</p><p>Etymology: —The specific epithet kunyuensis refers to Kunyu Mountain, where this species was found.</p><p>Ecology and distribution: —Currently known only from Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve, located in eastern Shandong Province, China. This species was found on rock. Most specimens of Myriospora kunyuensis were found in the sheltered areas beneath large rocks at the mountaintop, where strong winds are prevalent.</p><p>Notes: — Myriospora kunyuensis is similar to M. tangerina (M. Westb. &amp; Wedin) K. Knudsen &amp; Arcadia (2012: 23) and M. westbergii by its areolate or subsquamulose thallus and greyish brown or greenish brown to dull brown upper surface. But M. tangerine differs from the new species by its taller cortex (60–95 μm vs. 5–25 μm), larger apothecial disc ((0.07–)0.10–0.25(–0.40) mm vs. 0.04 mm), and no secondary metabolites. Myriospora westbergii differs from the new species by thinner hymenium (ca. 125–150 μm vs. 140–200 μm), smaller asci (ca. 30 × 8 μm vs. 100–140 × 20–30 μm), and no secondary metabolites.</p><p>Like most Myriospora species, this new taxon also exhibits a pronounced maritime ecology, typically occurring in coastal habitats or shoreline environments. Due to the frequent strong winds at high elevation, specimens of M. kunyuensis collected from these regions usually have a thicker epicortex compared to specimnes from lower elevations (epicortex 10–25(–40) at high elev. vs. absent or 5–10 at lower elev.).</p><p>Myriospora kunyuensis is recognized by the presence of stictic acid, which is easily confirmed by a spot test (K+ yellow and PD+ orange). However, two pale green specimens of this species, exhibited a K+ yellow and PD+ orange reaction in cortex, but no secondary metabolites were detected by TLC. This phenomenon has been documented once before in Myriospora, where copper complexes with norstictic acid prevented the detection of norstictic acid by TLC in some specimens of M. smaragdula, despite their K+ red reaction (Purvis et al. 1985). Given that both norstictic acid and stictic acid are depsidone-type lichen metabolites, we suppose that a similar copper-mediated complex may form with stictic acid, potentially explaining its apparent absence in TLC analyses. This hypothesis requires verification through targeted experimental validation to confirm.</p><p>Additional specimens examined: — CHINA, Shandong Province: Weihai City, Wendeng District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.77074&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.24756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.77074/lat 37.24756)">Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.77074&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.24756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.77074/lat 37.24756)">Taiboding</a>, along the uphill steps, 37°14'51.21″N, 121°46'14.65″E, 928 m elev., on rock, 22 November 2024, R. T. Li, W.X. Sun &amp; J.X. Wang 20242268, 20242271, 20242274, 20242277, 20242281, 20242285 (SDNU) ; Weihai City, Wendeng District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.7705&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.247337" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.7705/lat 37.247337)">Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.7705&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.247337" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.7705/lat 37.247337)">Taiboding</a>, 37°14'50.42″N, 121°46'13.78″E, 933 m elev., on rock at the peak, 22 November 2024, R. T. Li, W.X. Sun &amp; J.X. Wang 20212288, 20242289, 20242290, 20242302, 20242304, 20242308, 20242309 (SDNU) ; Weihai City, Wendeng District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.769356&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.24951" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.769356/lat 37.24951)">Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.769356&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.24951" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.769356/lat 37.24951)">Taiboding</a>, along the downhill path, 37°14'58.24″N, 121°46'9.68″E, 888 m elev., on rock, 22 November 2024, R. T. Li, W.X. Sun &amp; J.X. Wang 20242315, 20242320, 20242322, 20242324, 20242327, 20242329, 20242334, 20242336, 20242338, 20242341, 20242347, 20242357 (SDNU) ; Yantai City, Muping District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.75502&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.255806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.75502/lat 37.255806)">Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.75502&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.255806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.75502/lat 37.255806)">Taiboding</a>, the end of the downhill path, 37°15'20.90″N, 121°45'18.07″E, 560 m elev., on rock, 22 November 2024, R. T. Li, W.X. Sun &amp; J.X. Wang 20242423 (SDNU) ; Yantai City, Muping District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.69314&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.292385" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.69314/lat 37.292385)">Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve</a>, Six Branch of Forestry Station, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.69314&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.292385" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.69314/lat 37.292385)">Longxu Bridge</a>, 37°17'32.59″N, 121°41'35.30″E, 154 m elev., on rock, 22 November 2024, L.L. Zhang, Z.H. Yang &amp; X. Wang 20242087 (SDNU) ; Yantai City, Muping District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.75495&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.296127" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.75495/lat 37.296127)">Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.75495&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.296127" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.75495/lat 37.296127)">Five Branch of Forestry Station</a>, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.75495&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.296127" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.75495/lat 37.296127)">The Yuelao Temple</a>, 37°17'46.06″N, 121°45'17.82″E, 124m elev., on rock, 23 November 2024, L.L. Zhang &amp; R. T. Li 20242237 (SDNU) ; Yantai City, Muping District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.74244&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.300007" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.74244/lat 37.300007)">Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve</a>, Five Branch of Forestry Station, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.74244&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.300007" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.74244/lat 37.300007)">Yuegudian</a>, 37°18'0.03″N, 121°44'32.80″E, 169m elev., on rock, 23 November 2024, L.L. Zhang &amp; R. T. Li 20242217 (SDNU) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC5341FB2DF04DFDF0E0276E24AB72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wang, Jia-Xin;Liang, Fu-Hui;Zhou, Shu-Nuo;Hu, Ling	Wang, Jia-Xin, Liang, Fu-Hui, Zhou, Shu-Nuo, Hu, Ling (2025): Myriospora kunyuensis (Acarosporaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), a new species from the eastern coast of China. Phytotaxa 708 (1): 68-76, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.6
03EC5341FB28F04EFDF0E6616895A944.text	03EC5341FB28F04EFDF0E6616895A944.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myriospora Nageli ex Uloth 1861	<div><p>Key to the species of Myriospora in the world</p><p>1. - Thallus areolate or squamulose, rounded to irregular......................................................................................................................2</p><p>- Thallus areolate centrally, elongated lobate at the margin, rosette-like or irregularly spreading......................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... M. molybdina (Westberg et al. 2024)</p><p>2. - Apothecia with a distinctly elevated parathecial ring ......................................................................................................................3</p><p>- Apothecia without a distinctly elevated parathecial ring ...................................................................................................................8</p><p>3. - Apothecia not becoming sessile.......................................................................................................................................................4</p><p>- Apothecia becoming sessile ........................................................................................................... M. signyensis (Purvis et al. 2018)</p><p>4. - Apothecia usually 1 per areole.........................................................................................................................................................5</p><p>- Apothecia 1–3 or more per areole ......................................................................................................................................................6</p><p>5. - Apothecial disc brown; epihymenium 10–15 μm thick; asci 80–100 × 10–20 μm ........................................................................... ................................................................................................................. M. rufescens (Ach.) Hepp ex Uloth (Knudsen et al. 2021)</p><p>- Apothecial disc dark reddish brown; epihymenium ca. 21–30 μm thick; asci ca. 30 × 8 μm.............................................................. ......................................................................................................................................... M. westbergii (Knudsen &amp; Bungartz 2014)</p><p>6. - Cortex &lt;60 μm thick, saxicolous lichen..........................................................................................................................................7</p><p>- Cortex &gt; 60 μm thick, facultative lichenicolous lichens ................................................................. M. bullata (Knudsen et al. 2021)</p><p>7. - Paraphyses 1.0–2.0 μm in midhymenium, tips up to 2.5 m wide; ascospores ellipsoid, ca. 2.5–3 × 1–1.5 μm................................ .................................................................................................................................................... M. rhagadiza (Westberg et al. 2011)</p><p>- Paraphyses 1.5–2.0 μm in midhymenium, tips up to 4 μm wide; ascospores narrowly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, ca. 3–5 × 1.5–2 μm.... ...................................................................................................................................................... M. scabrida (Westberg et al. 2011)</p><p>8. - Thallus orange to rusty red...............................................................................................................................................................9</p><p>- Thallus whitish, grey to brown or green, never with red color ........................................................................................................10</p><p>9. - Cortex 15–35 μm thick, without crystals; hymenium 130–175 μm high................................... M. dilatata (Westberg et al. 2011)</p><p>- Cortex 60–95 μm thick, uppermost usually with small orange crystals; hymenium 180–250 μm high .............................................. ..................................................................................................................................................... M. tangerine (Westberg et al. 2011)</p><p>10. - Thallus K+ red or yellow, producing secondary metabolites.........................................................................................................11</p><p>- Thallus K–, lacking secondary metabolites......................................................................................................................................13</p><p>11. - Thallus K+ red, norstictic acid present ..........................................................................................................................................12</p><p>- Thallus K+ yellow, stictic acid present..................................................................................................... M. kunyuensis (this paper)</p><p>12. - Thallus areolate, upper surface flat to slightly convex; thallus in section forming red needle-shaped crystals in K ........................ ................................................................................................................................................. M. smaragdula (Westberg et al. 2011)</p><p>- Thallus areolate to subsquamulose, upper surface flat to mostly uneven and strongly convex; thallus in section not forming needle-shaped crystals in K.................................................................................................................... M. myochroa (Westberg et al. 2011)</p><p>13. - Apothecial disc very rough; parathecium 10–30 μm wide.................................................................... M. hassei (Knudsen 2007b)</p><p>- Apothecial disc smooth to very uneven; parathecium up to 90 μm wide................................... M. myochroa (Westberg et al. 2011)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC5341FB28F04EFDF0E6616895A944	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wang, Jia-Xin;Liang, Fu-Hui;Zhou, Shu-Nuo;Hu, Ling	Wang, Jia-Xin, Liang, Fu-Hui, Zhou, Shu-Nuo, Hu, Ling (2025): Myriospora kunyuensis (Acarosporaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), a new species from the eastern coast of China. Phytotaxa 708 (1): 68-76, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.6
