taxonID	type	description	language	source
03EE87934856FFDFFF2EFF6FD7B5FD9F.taxon	description	≡ Porpoloma Subgenus Pes-caprae Singer, Mycologia, 48 (5): 722 (1956) Habit tricholomatoid, pileus conical, dry, radially fibrillose. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, pale, with concolorous edge. Spores ellipsoid to ellipsoid-oblong, smooth, thin-walled, amyloid. Cheilocystidia rare or absent. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis of cylindrical hyphae. Clamp-connections present. On soil, in grasslands. Type species: — Agaricus pes-caprae Fr. Etymology: — the name derives from the Greek word ψεῦδος, pseudos (false) and Porpoloma with reference to its resemblance to this latter genus.	en	Vizzini, Alfredo, Consiglio, Giovanni, Ercole, Enrico, Setti, Ledo (2016): Pseudoporpoloma, a new genus for Agaricus pes-caprae (Agaricales, Tricholomataceae). Phytotaxa 243 (3): 271-280, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.5
03EE87934856FFDAFF2EFD3FD46DFF35.taxon	description	≡ Agaricus pes-caprae Fr., Epicr. syst. mycol. (Upsaliae): 45 (1836)	en	Vizzini, Alfredo, Consiglio, Giovanni, Ercole, Enrico, Setti, Ledo (2016): Pseudoporpoloma, a new genus for Agaricus pes-caprae (Agaricales, Tricholomataceae). Phytotaxa 243 (3): 271-280, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.5
03EE87934856FFDAFF2EFD3FD46DFF35.taxon	description	Selected descriptions: — Kühner (1951: 25); Ricek (1971: 57 – 59); Bon (1978: 30 – 32); Moser (1978: 13 – 15); Lavorato (1988: 220 – 224). Selected iconography: — Engel H. & Engel M. (1977: Fig. 1); Lavorato (1988: 223); Furlani (1990: 46); Bon (1991: Plate 3 D); Courtecuisse & Duhem (2011: Plate 465); Ludwig (2012 b: t. 642, 117.3). Macroscopic characters: Pileus 2.0 – 8.5 cm broad, at first broadly conical to bell-shaped, then conico-convex to plano-convex, retaining an acute to blunt Inocybe - like prominent umbo, margin inflexed then expanded, undulate, lobed, often splitting with age; surface dry, not hygrophanous, radially fibrillose, greyish-brown to yellowish-ochre, darker at the centre and paler at the margin. Lamellae L = 45 – 60, l = 1 – 4, moderately crowded to subdistant, emarginateadnate to almost free, ventricose, intervenose, at first white, then pale grey to cream, with a concolorous, entire edge. Stipe 3 – 8 × 0.4 – 1.2 cm, cylindrical with a tapering base, solid then stuffed, longitudinally minutely fibrillose, white, sometimes yellowing towards the base, with a faint, whitish cobweb-like ring-zone in young basidiomes. Context whitish. Smell and taste farinaceous. Spore print white. Microscopic characters: Basidiospores [64, 2, 2] (6.06) 6.64 – 7.87 (9.03) × (4.89) 4.96 – 5.79 (6.93) μm, Q = (1.17) 1.24 – 1.46 (1.60), Q m = 1.35 ± 1.113, V = (84.5) 85.6 – 137.3 (227.1) μm 3, V m = 111.5 ± 25.9 μm 3, subglobose to ellipsoid, sometimes subcylindric, often ovoid in front view, slightly amygdaliform in side view, hyaline in L 4, smooth, thin-walled, walls strongly amyloid, cyanophobic, usually with a large central oil drop, hilar appendix rather long and prominent, 0.8 – 1.0 μm long. Basidia 28 – 32 × 7.5 – 9 μm, clavate, usually tetraspored (rare bisporic basidia observed), sterigmata up to 5 μm long. Hymenophoral trama regular to subregular, made up of hyphae up to 14 μm wide, hyaline even in L 4. Cheilocystidia 20 – 30 × 7 – 8.5 μm, rare, often basidia-like, thin-walled, versiform, flexuous, lobed. Pleurocystidia not observed. Pileipellis suprapellis a cutis of subparallel, variously interwoven hyphae, 3 – 6 μm wide, cylindrical, with smooth, undifferentiated to slightly enlarged, claviform terminal elements, up to 10 μm wide; pigment intracellular, light brown; subpellis consisting of hyphae which gradually increase their volume towards the trama, up to 10 (20) μm wide, subisodiametric to largely elliptic (pseudoparenchymatic subpellis); trama hyphae cylindrical, up to 20 μm wide. Clamp-connections present throughout. Thromboplerous hyphae present in the trama. Hyphal system monomitic. Collections examined: — FRANCE, Franche-Comté: Doubs, Commune de Chapelle-des-Bois, Chalet Griffon, calcareous grassland. 1270 m a. s. l., 27 August 2008, C. Frund, CF-PORP 27080802 (CF!). ITALY, Piedmont: Frabosa Sottana (CN), Prato Nevoso, calcareous grassland, 1740 m a. s. l., 02 September 2015, N. Oppicelli, TO-AV 20915 (TO!); Trentino Alto Adige: Sella Valsugana, Trento, 848 m a. s. l., 26 September 1986, A. Riva, LUG 16030 (LUG!) SWITZERLAND, Canton of Ticino: Chironico (Gribbio), 19 August 1981, 790 m a. s. l., A. Riva, LUG 3856 (LUG!); ibidem, 20 August 1981, A. Riva, LUG 16029 (LUG!); Olivone (Ai Pini), 902 m a. s. l., 26 August 1994, C. Spinelli, LUG 7974 (LUG!); Campra, Valle di Blenio, 1500 m a. s. l., 29 September 2004, A. Riva, LUG 16031 (LUG!). Canton of Grisons: Klosters, 1179 m a. s. l., 17 September 1983, A. Nyffenegger, LUG 3483 (LUG!). Ecology & distribution: — terrestrial, gregarious, usually in dry and unfertilized, nutrient-poor grasslands, probably saprotrophic, fruiting in late summer to autumn. It is very rare but widespread in Europe (e. g. Kühner 1951; Ricek 1971; Bon 1978, 1991; Moser 1978; Lavorato 1988; Furlani 1990; Breitenbach & Kränzlin 1991; Moser & Jülich 1993; Arnolds & Noordeloos 1999; Karadelev et al. 2008; Ludwig 2012 a; Vesterholt 2012). The species is included as endangered in red list of countries like Germany (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Mykologie 1992), Austria (Krisai-Greilhuber 1999), Switzerland (Senn-Irlet et al. 2007), Poland (Wojewoda & Ławrynowicz 2006; Kepel et al. 2012) and Sweden (Gärderfors et al. 2015).	en	Vizzini, Alfredo, Consiglio, Giovanni, Ercole, Enrico, Setti, Ledo (2016): Pseudoporpoloma, a new genus for Agaricus pes-caprae (Agaricales, Tricholomataceae). Phytotaxa 243 (3): 271-280, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.5
