taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E0F257220B630DFCBBD4FF254BFDDE.taxon	description	(FIGS 5, 21)	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F257220B630DFCBBD4FF254BFDDE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Paralectotypes: EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Fernando Poo [Bioko], one ♂ (00045461), one sex unknown (00045460) (FMNH).	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F257220B630DFEF1D7722398F923.taxon	discussion	Remarks	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F257220B630CFC09D04322B2F89A.taxon	description	suture. I, antenna, ♀. K, middle femur, ♀. M, cuneus and membrane, ♂. 4, cuneal fracture. N, hind tarsus, ♀. P, pleura, ♂. Q, pretarsus, ventral view, ♀. R, labium, ♀. S, labial segment II, ♀. 6, suture on labial segment II apically. B, D, E, G, H, J, L, O, Punctifulvius austellus. B, head and pronotum, dorsal view, ♂. 1, longitudinal ridge. D, scutellum, clavus and corium, ♂. E, head and pronotum, lateral view, ♂. G, legs, ♀. H, antenna, ♂. J, hind femur, ♀. L, cuneus and membrane, ♂. O, labial segment I, ♀. 5, suture on labial segment I apically. Remarks: Rhinomiris currently includes nine species distributed in southeast Asia. Gorczyca (2001) subdivided Rhinomiris into the Rhinomiris camelus group and Rhinomiris vicarius group, based on body shape and morphology of the pronotum and scutellum. We examined the male genitalia of Rhinomiris consputus and Rhinomiris vicarius (Walker, 1873), which currently belong to different species groups, and found them to be similar. The female genitalia of Rhinomiris consputus and Rhinomiris conspersus, also currently belonging to different species groups, are also similar.	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F2572209630FFF2AD0BB20FCF937.taxon	description	(FIGS 20, 23)	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F2572209630FFF2AD0BB20FCF937.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined PHILIPPINES: Luzon, Laguna: Mt Makiling, one ♀ (00045359) (FMNH). Mindanao: Davao, one ♂ (00045365) (USNM).	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722066302FEE6D1B7231FF915.taxon	discussion	Remarks Gorczyca (2000) establishedthiscomplextoaccommodate Rhinocylapus, Rhinocylapidius and Proamblia, in addition to three fossil genera: Archeofulvius Carvalho, 1966, Ambercylapus Carvalho & Popov, 1984 and Balticofulvius Herczek & Popov, 1997. Subsequent authors placed Mycetocylapus and Rhinocylapoides in this complex (Wolski, 2010; Wolski & Gorczyca, 2011). Wolski (2010), in his revision of the Rhinocylapus complex, gave exhaustive diagnostic characters for this complex, including punctation and structure of the antenna, labium, pleura, tarsus and genitalia. Our phylogenetic analyses confirm the monophyly of this group with significant support, and the Rhinocylapus complex is nested in Fulviini (Figs 1 – 3). We also found that Punctifulvius Schmitz and Yamatofulvius Yasunaga should be placed in the Rhinocylapus complex. All synapomorphies discovered for the complex so far are contradicted and / or do not occur in some species of the Rhinocylapus complex. The most important structure characterizing the Rhinocylapus complex is the external efferent system of the metathoracic glands, which has a reduced evaporative area not reaching the base of the hind coxa, and has a flat peritreme and a spiracle without microsculpture (Figs 6 R, 9 G, 10 P, 13 K; Wolski, 2010: fig. 7 D). However, this complex of characters is not unique, because we have also observed them in Peritropisca bituberculata Carvalho & Lorenzato, 1978. A reduced evaporative area also occurs in Fulvius (e. g. Ferreira & Henry, 2002; and unpublished observations of Anna Namyatova). In most species of the Rhinocylapus complex, unlike other fulviines examined for this study, labial segment I is not subdivided (Figs 6 H, 9 I, 13 H), which was observed by Wolski (2010). We note that this state is not universal for the complex, with segment I subdivided in Punctifulvius (Fig. 10 O). Given that this genus diverges earliest in this complex, a labial segment I without subdivision is an apomorphy for the clades comprising the remaining genera of the Rhinocylapus complex. The parameres are distinct in the Rhinocylapus complex. The right paramere is almost straight, widened medially, with a conical outgrowth subapically (Figs 7 D, 11 H, 14 E, F). The left paramere is strongly curved, with the apical part elongate dorsally (e. g. Figs 7 E, 11 D, I, G, 14 C, D; Wolski, 2010: figs 6 D, 8 D, 10 C, 12 C). The female genitalia of the Rhinocylapus complex are also distinct, with the posterior wall of the bursa copulatrix comprising two large symmetrical sclerites (Figs 8 C, D, 12 C, D, 15 C, D, F). Those structures are found in all species of the Rhinocylapus complex that we examined and have not been observed in other Fulviini. Pending broader taxon sampling, this represents a non-contradicted synapomorphy for the Rhinocylapus complex within the Fulviini.	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722046304FEFED2E723D5F93F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Mycetocylapus is recognized by the following characters: small evaporative area of the metathoracic scent glands, not reaching base of hind coxa (Figs 6 R, 9 G); labial segment I without subdivision (Figs 6 H, 9 I); labial segment II subdivided apically by fold (Fig. 6 I); labial segment I shorter than pronotal length; antenna longer than body; labrum without spines; antennal fossa almost adjacent to eye margin (Figs 9 A, D); calli impunctate or with shallow punctures (Figs 6 A, B, 9 B, E); calli covering more than half of pronotum (Figs 6 A, B, 9 B, E); pronotum without pit between calli (Figs 6 A, B, 9 B, E); head in male distinctly declivous (Figs 6 F, 9 A). Remarks Po p p i u s (1 9 1 4) d e s c r i b e d M y c e t o c y l a p u s t o accommodate two new species, Mycetocylapus major and Mycetocylapus minor from the same locality in Los Baños, the Philippines. Carvalho (1956) described a third species, Mycetocylapus pacificus Carvalho, 1956, from Micronesia. Wolski (2010) placed this genus in the Rhinocylapus complex. Our phylogenetic analyses confirm this position. We have examined Mycetocylapus major and Mycetocylapus minor and consider them conspecific and synonymize them herein (see discussion for Mycetocylapus minor). Our new species, Mycetocylapus alexeyi, is similar to Mycetocylapus major, and our phylogenetic analysis established these latter two species as sister with high support. Although we did not examine Mycetocylapus pacificus, it is similar to other Mycetocylapus species based on the observations of Wolski (2010). MYCETOCYLAPUS ALEXEYI NAMYATOVA &	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F257223A633CFED1D58B2019FC45.taxon	description	(FIGS 4, 7 G, H, 9)	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F257223A633CFED1D58B2019FC45.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined PHILIPPINES. Laguna: Los Baños, 14.17086 ° N 121.24334 ° E, no date provided, Baker, holotype of Mycetocylapus major, one ♀ (00045453), syntypes of Mycetocylapus minor, three ♂ (00045451, 00045452, 00045454) (FMNH).	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F257223A633CFC60D6DE221CFAFD.taxon	discussion	Remarks We examined the type specimens of Proamblia cunealis (Poppius, 1909) and numerous specimens fitting the description of Proamblia elongata (Poppius, 1909). The genus belongs to the Rhinomirini complex, based on molecular and morphological data (Figs 1 – 3). Also see the list of all apomorphies in the nodal description above.	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F257223A633CFCA9D14F22E7F8D5.taxon	description	(FIG. 15 A, C, E)	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F257223A633CFCA9D14F22E7F8D5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined MALAYSIA: Frasers Hill Co.: Taman Negara National Park [King George V National Park], Kuala Tranggan [Kuala Terengganu], two ♂ (00045347) (BPBM).	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F2572239633EFEF0D5C223A7F9A7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Recognized by reduced and oval evaporative area of metathoracic scent gland (Fig. 10 P); antenna length shorter than body (Fig. 4); head, pronotum, scutellum, hemelytron, pleura and abdominal segment II distinctly and deeply punctate (Fig. 10 A – F, P); labial segment I subdivided (Fig. 10 O); labrum without spines; pronotum with distinct oval pit between calli (Fig. 10 B, C); antennal segment II subequal to half of head width. Redescription: male Coloration (Fig. 4): Mostly brown to dark brown with whitish yellow to yellow legs. Surface and vestiture: Dorsum and pleura almost without setae; sides of head, antennae, legs and abdomen clothed with short adpressed pale simple setae; head, pronotum, scutellum, hemelytron, pleura and abdominal segment II distinctly and deeply punctate (Fig. 10 A – F, P); dorsum moderately shiny, pleura matte. Structure: Head horizontal (Fig. 10 E, F); in dorsal view slightly wider than long, not carinate posteriorly, eye contiguous with pronotum or slightly removed from it; vertex longer than eye diameter (Fig. 10 B, C); in anterior view, clypeus not separated from frons, its base placed on same level with antennal fossa (Fig. 10 A); in lateral view, head slightly longer than high, antennal fossa attached near suture between mandibular and maxillary plates, only slightly removed from eye; distance between eye and ventral margin of head subequal to one-quarter of eye height; buccula extending slightly behind antennal fossa; distance between buccula and pronotum subequal to buccula length (Fig. 10 E, F). Labium (Fig. 10 R). Reaching genital segment; segment I surpassing posterior margin of head reaching or almost reaching forecoxa, its apical one-third subdivided by faint suture (Fig. 10 O); segment II slightly longer than segment I, with faint suture subapically (Fig. 10 S); segment III somewhat longer than segment II; segment IV subequal to segment I. Antenna (Fig. 10 H, I). Shorter than body; segment I and II cylindrical, each of them slightly incrassate towards apex, segment I slightly wider or as wide as segment II; segments III and IV filiform, distinctly thinner than segments I and II, segments III subequal to half of segment II, segment IV slightly longer than segment III. Thorax (Fig. 10 B, C, E, F). Collar narrow, delimited with shallow suture laterally, suture faint or absent dorsally; lateral margins of pronotum round, not carinate; posterior margin bisinuate or concave, callosite area slightly swollen, subdivided into two lobes by distinct pit medially; mesoscutum exposed, with ridge laterally; scutellum with acute apex, slightly upraised; mesepimeral apodeme rounded, metathoracic spiracle slit-like and narrow, not surrounded with microsculpture; metathoracic scent gland evaporative area small and oval, peritreme elongate, flattened; metepimeron narrow. Hemelytron (Fig. 10 D, L, M). Claval commissure slightly longer than scutellum, clavus without ridge; medial fracture distinct, surpassing middle of corium; R + M distinct only basally, embolium mostly not delimited; cuneus incized or not incized. Legs (Fig. 10 G, J, K, N, Q). Coxae not noticeably elongate, forecoxae longer and wider than others; femora narrow, hind femur as wide as forefemur and longer than fore- and middle femora; forefemur wider than middle femur; segments of hind tarsus subequal in length with each other. Genitalia. Genital capsule triangular, posterior margin of ventral wall curved dorsally (Fig. 11 E, K); right paramere slightly curved, widened medially and with small swelling subapically on inner margin (Fig. 11 C, G, H); left paramere almost as long as right one, strongly curved, with outgrowth medially, its apex concave in posterior view (Fig. 11 D, I, J); aedeagus with transparent weakly sclerotized theca, vesica with right side sclerotized basally, with single spicule, tapering apically; ductus seminis long, producing inside vesica on the left, its apical part widened and more or less sclerotized, sclerotized part of ductus seminis distinctly shorter than spicule, position of secondary gonopore obscure (Fig. 11 A, B, F). Redescription: female Similar to male, ~ 1.1 – 1.4 times as long as male, segment II narrower and usually shorter than in male. Genitalia. Dorsal labiate plate thin and transparent, with small ring-shaped structure on the right (Fig. 12 A, B), posterior wall with the paired large oval sclerites laterally (Fig. 12 C, D); ventral wall without any sclerotization (Fig. 12 E). Remarks Schmitz (1978) described Punctifulvius to accommodate Punctifulvius kerzhneri Schmitz, 1978, a species from the Russian Far East. Yasunaga (2000) redescribed this species and extended its distribution to mainland Japan. We have examined the type material of this species and confirm that the two new Australian species described herein are congeneric. These three species have similar morphology, including the densely and deeply punctate thoracic pleura, an elongate pit between the pronotal calli (Fig. 10 B, C), a subdivided labial segment I (Fig. 10 O) and a dorsal outgrowth on the left paramere (Fig. 11 D, I, J; Yasunaga 2000: fig. 51), which is unique to this genus amongst the Rhinocylapus complex. In addition, the morphology-based and total-evidence analyses showed that they form a clade with significant support. On the basis of our phylogenetic analyses, we place Punctifulvius in the Rhinocylapus complex. Punctifulvius shares with members of the Rhinocylapus complex a reduced metathoracic evaporative area (Fig. 10 P), a cone-shaped outgrowth subapically on the right paramere (Fig. 11 H), and the presence of paired elongate sclerites on the posterior wall of the bursa copulatrix (Fig. 12 C, D; Yasunaga, 2000: fig. 54). Punctifulvius is a sister group to the remaining taxa of the Rhinocylapus complex. The presence of distinct sutures on labial segments I and II is a plesiomorphic state (Fig. 10 O), because they are absent in all other representatives of this complex. See the node description above for all apomorphies. Punctifulvius is most similar to Rhinocylapidius, with dark brown to black coloration, although the latter differs in the absence of deep punctures on the head, the anterior part of the pronotum, scutellum and pleura, the lack of a subdivision of labial segment I, the absence of an oval pit between the calli (cf. the presence of an elongate sulcus; Fig. 5), and antennal segment II is as long as or slightly shorter than the diameter of the head.	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F2572239633EFEF0D5C223A7F9A7.taxon	description	PUNCTIFULVIUS AQUILONIUS NAMYATOVA &	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722356333FECCD256246BFE64.taxon	discussion	Remarks Poppius (1915) described Rhinocylapidius to accommodate his new species, Rhinocylapidius velocipedoides Poppius, 1915. We examined the lectotype and paralectotype of Rhinocylapidius velocipedoides and confirm that it belongs to the Rhinocylapus complex, based on the external structure and female genitalia. See Rhinocylapus for discussion of its relationship with Rhinocylapidius.	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722356333FC98D61D258EFAA0.taxon	description	(FIGS 4, 15 B, D, G)	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722356333FC98D61D258EFAA0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined TAIWAN [Formosa]: Fuhosho, Lectotype, one ♀ (UNSW _ ENT 00045458), Paralectotype, one ♀ (UNSW _ ENT 00045459) (FMNH). Description of female genitalia Dorsal labiate plate thin and transparent, with large sclerotized rings, each of them with long outgrowth posteriorly; attachments of lateral oviducts and spermathecal gland obscure (Fig. 15 B); posterior wall with paired large sclerites, each of them with a number of outgrowths; small oval sclerite between paired sclerites present (Fig. 15 D); ventral wall not bearing any sclerotization (Fig. 15 G).	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722356332FCB1D16123B1FA9C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis The genus is recognized by the following combination of characters: shortened hemelytron in male (Fig. 13 M; Wolksi & Gorczyca, 2011: fig. 1), horizontal head, slightly inclined ventrally in male (Fig. 13 B; Wolksi & Gorczyca, 2011: fig. 2), antennal fossa removed from pronotum at distance subequal to antennal fossa diameter (Fig. 13 B; Wolksi & Gorczyca, 2011: fig. 2), calli covering most of pronotum (Fig. 13 A, D; Wolksi & Gorczyca, 2011: fig. 1). Remarks Wolski & Gorczyca (2011) described Rhinocylapoides to accommodate Rhinocylapoides brachypterus, known only from three males. In this paper, we include another species, Rhinocylapoides valentinae, in the genus (see remarks for Rhinocylapoides valentinae). We agree that this group should be considered as a separate genus, because it is readily separated by the characters listed in the diagnosis. However, relationships of Rhinocylapoides with other genera are uncertain. Wolski & Gorczyca (2011) compared this genus with Rhinocylapidius and Rhinocylapus, and they argue that Rhinocylapoides is similar to Rhynocylapidius and Rhinocylapus in having a horizontal head in males, antennal fossa distinctly removed from the eye, labial segment I reaching the middle of the forecoxa, a distinctly punctate hemelytron and several sclerites in the vesica. Amongst them, only the position of the antennal fossa is unique within the Rhinocylapus complex and can be considered as a potential synapomorphy (Fig. 13 B, E). Our BI total-evidence analysis showed that Rhinocylapoides was unresolved with respect to Mycetocylapus and Yamatofulvius, although with low support. However, the clade was supported by two synapomorphies: a wide vertex in the male, which is at least 2.5 times as wide as eye diameter, and the peritreme of the evaporative area rounded, less than twice as high as wide (Figs 6 R, 9 G, 13 K; Wolski, 2010: fig. 5 B). All of them are unique in the Rhinocylapus complex, but also occur in other fulviines. These two genera also share pronounced sexual dimorphism. RHINOCYLAPOIDES VALENTINAE NAMYATOVA &	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722326337FC78D6062026FF44.taxon	description	(FIG. 15 F)	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722326337FC78D6062026FF44.taxon	discussion	Remarks Poppius (1909) described Rhinocylapus to accommodate three new species, Rhinocylapus acutangulus Poppius, 1909, Rhinocylapus simplicicollis Poppius, 1909 and Rhinocylapus sumatranus Poppius, 1909. Later, Hsiao (1944) described Rhinocylapus scuttatus Hsiao, 1944 and Rhinocylapus vittatus Hsiao, 1944, and Wolski (2010) included Rhinocylapus kmentii Wolski, 2010, Rhinocylapus pallescens Wolski, 2010 and Rhinocylapus redeii Wolski, 2010. Gorczyca (2006) synonymized monotypic Rhinocylapidius with Rhinocylapus, after which Wolski (2010) restored its status. We examined non-type specimens of Rhinocylapus vittatus and the lectotype and paralectotype of Rhinocylapidius velocipedoides. From descriptions and specimens, we could not find any characters serving as apomorphies for Rhinocylapus, and our analysis did not support its monophyly. Rhinocylapus vittatus differs from other species in having antennal segment III shorter than segment II and an absence of spines on the labrum. According to the descriptions of Wolski (2010), in all other species segment III is longer than segment II, and in all species with known males, spines are present on the labrum. We also could not find any characters to support or reject the present status of Rhinocylapidius. Further phylogenetic analysis of Rhinocylapus based on morphological and molecular data is required to determine the taxonomic relationships of Rhinocylapus.	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722316337FED8D50C230AFB57.taxon	discussion	Remarks Yasunaga (2000) described the genus Yamatofulvius from South Japan and argued that it is closely related to Punctifulvius. He placed both genera in the Fulviini and did not compare them with any Rhinocylapus complex representatives. We examined the types of those genera, preserved in the collection of ZISP. Our analysis showed that both of those genera belong to the Rhinocylapus complex, based on the right paramere having a rounded apical part and a small cone-shaped outgrowth subapically, in addition to a reduced metathoracic evaporative area and the presence of large paired sclerites on the posterior wall of the bursa copulatrix. However, our morphology-based and total-evidence phylogenetic analyses showed that the genus is closer to Mycetocylapus and Rhinocylapoides, rather than to Punctifulvius. Unlike Punctifulvius, in Yamatofulvius labial segment I is not subdivided, and the head and thoracic pleura are impunctate, which is also characteristic for all other genera in the Rhinocylapus complex. Yamatofulvius shares with Mycetocylapus and Rhinocylapoides the ratio of vertex to eye, which is ~ 2.5 times, and the oval peritreme of the metathoracic glands.	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F25722316336FECFD11D239EF9B0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Head longer than high in lateral view, not carinate posteriorly (Figs 16 B, 18 C); body impunctate; antenna subequal to or shorter than body length (Fig. 5); collar present (Figs 16 A, 18 B); labial segments I and II subdivided with suture (Figs 16 H, I, 18 E, F); calli upraised and conical (Figs 16 B, 18 C); evaporatorium triangular and occupying half of metapleuron (Figs 16 J, 18 J); cuneus delimited (Figs 16 J, 18 O); hind tarsus three-segmented, tarsal segment I twice as long as segments II and III combined (Figs 16 K, 18 N). Redescription: male Coloration: Mostly pale brown to brown with yellow markings. Surface and vestiture: Dorsum matte, impunctate, covered with simple setae; meso- and metapleuron covered with microsetae forming net-like ornament (Figs 16 J, 18 J) (see also species description). Structure: Head. In dorsal view, eye slightly removed from pronotum, vertex wider than eye diameter, not carinate (Figs 16 A, 18 B); in anterior view, head wider than high, antennal fossa attached near ventral margin of eye, clypeus not separated from frons, its base placed higher than antennal fossa (Figs 16 C, 18 A); in lateral view, head distinctly longer than high, distance between eye and ventral margin of head distinct, shorter than half of eye height, antennal fossa placed directly behind suture between mandibular and maxillary plate, removed from eye at a distance subequal to antennal fossa diameter; buccula extending slightly behind antennal fossa; distance between buccula and pronotum longer than buccula length (Figs 16 B, 18 C). Antenna (Figs 16 G, 18 H). Subequal to or shorter than body length; segment I slightly wider or same width as segment II, segments III and IV slightly thinner than segment II; segments I and II not incrassate. Labium (Figs 16 F, H, I, 18 D – F). Extending to segments VI – VII or genital segments; segments I and II subdivided apically. Thorax. Collar delimited with distinct suture, shallow medially; lateral margins of pronotum carinate, slightly upraised, callosite area distinctly upraised, subdivided into two cone-shaped lobes by longitudinal sulcus medially (Figs 16 A, B, 18 B, C); mesoscutum exposed (Figs 16 A, 18 G); propleural suture T-shaped (Figs 16 B, 18 C); mesepimeral apodeme slit-like, metathoracic spiracle narrow, open, with microsculpture along anterior margin, metathoracic gland evaporative area subtriangular, peritreme upraised, rounded, metepimeron narrow (Figs 16 J, 18 J). Hemelytron (Figs 16 D, E, 18 G, O). Clavus with longitudinal upraising; claval commissure distinctly longer than scutellum, medial fracture distinct, reaching middle of corium; cuneus delimited with indistinct suture, not notched. Legs. Coxae elongate, longer than pleura height, forecoxae longer and wider than other coxae; fore- and hind femora widened, forefemur slightly wider and shorter than hind femur, middle femur distinctly narrower and subequal in length to forefemur (Figs 16 F, J, 18 I – L); segment I distinctly longer than segments II and III each (Figs 16 K, 18 N); claw with subapical tooth (Figs 16 L, 18 M, P). Genitalia. Endosoma subdivided into vesica and conjunctiva sensu Kerzhner & Konstantinov (1999), vesica with two long sclerites, secondary gonopore with microsculpture (Figs 17 A – C, 19 A – C). See species descriptions for more details. Redescription: female Similar to male, body generally larger and vertex wider (see species description for measurements). Genitalia (see description for Rhinomiriella tuberculata). Remarks This genus is known only from Australia. It has been collected in coastal and inland New South Wales and Queensland and in coastal localities of Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia (Fig. 25). Remarks Gorczyca (2001) described Rhinomiriella to accommodate his new species Rhinomiriella tuberculata. He placed it in the tribe Rhinomirini based on the long antennal segments III and IV, which are longer than segments I and II, the long labium and long tarsal segment I. Gorczyca (2001) also established the Rhinomiriella complex to accommodate this genus. We obtained molecular data for Rhinomiriella sp. from Western Australia, which is similar to Rhinomiriella aidani externally. Our phylogenetic analyses showed that Rhinomiriella is not closely related to other members of the Rhinomirini, but is nested in Fulviini s. s. with other Australian species of Lygaeoscytus, Peritropisca and Xenocylapidius, with high support (Figs 1 – 3). However, to make a definitive conclusion on the phylogenetic position of Rhinomiriella, broader taxon sampling of the Fulviini is required. There are more species of Rhinomiriella in Australia, but they all are represented by singletons. We regard the use of the Rhinomiriella complex as an informal group as unnecessary. RHINOMIRIELLA AIDANI NAMYATOVA & CASSIS, SP.	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
03E0F257222F6328FCB0D0222555FC4B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined AUSTRALIA. New South Wales: Cherry Tree SF, Mallanganee, five ♂ (00043533 – 00043537), three ♀ (00043530 – 00043532) (QM). Queensland: Lamington National Park IBISCA Qld Plot IQ- 700 - B, two ♀ (00404441, AMNH _ PBI 00404442), one ♂ (AMNH _ PBI 00404440) (QM). Mount Asplenium, one ♀ (00043097) (QM). Mt Superbus, one ♀ (00043096) (QM). Tomewin Range, Upper Currumbin, two ♀ (00043093, 00043094), one ♂ (00043095) (QM). South Australia: 51 km north-west of Morgan, one ♀ (00043090) (AM). Diagnosis Recognized by the following set of characters: outer margin of hemelytron rounded, slightly concave basally (Fig. 5); distance between calli and posterior margin of pronotum shorter than callus length (Fig. 18 C); antennal segment II thinner than tibia length; ridge along medial fracture distinct, reaching middle of corium (Fig. 18 G); left paramere triangular, flattened (Fig. 19 F); vesical spicules not widened apically (Fig. 19 A, C). Description: male Body length 3.6 – 4.2. Coloration (Fig. 5): Head. Yellow with brown markings of irregular shape, ventral side yellow; vertex with two red spots posteriorly, eye pale to dark brown, often with red posterior margin. Labium. Segment I yellow, with two bands, first placed basally, and second placed in apical half; segments II – IV from pale to dark yellow. Antenna. Segment I yellow with irregular brown markings; segment II brown to dark brown with yellow apex and markings in basal half; segments III – IV uniformly dark brown. Thorax. Pronotum yellow with dark brown marking of irregular shape, often also with red marking around calli; mesoscutum and scutellum yellow with red markings; pleura mostly brown, often with red markings, metathoracic scent gland evaporative area and area around metathoracic spiracle mostly yellow, often with red markings. Hemelytron. Ground colour yellow, sometimes with greenish tinge, with many brown and red markings of irregular shape, large brown marking placed on corium medially; membrane yellow with numerous brown markings, sometimes mostly brown. Legs. Yellow with brown markings and bands. Abdomen. Yellow with brown, and sometimes red markings. Surface and vestiture: Pronotum with narrow area of rugosities behind calli (Fig. 18 B); lateral sides of scutellum, longitudinal ridge on clavus and ridge along medial fracture rugose (Fig. 18 G). Head and pronotum clothed with scarce adpressed pale setae usually shorter than antennal segment II diameter; hemelytron with scarce suberect dark setae, longer than antennal segment II width; antennae, legs and abdomen clothed with short, dense adpressed pale setae, shorter than antennal segment II width. Structure and measurements: Body ~ 2.4 – 2.6 times as long as wide, ~ 2.8 – 3.2 times as long as pronotum width. Head. Head ~ 0.9 – 1.0 times wider than long, vertex ~ 1.2 – 1.5 times as wide as eye; in anterior view, head ~ 1.6 – 2.2 times as wide as high; in lateral view, distance between eye and ventral margin of head subequal to one-third of eye height (Fig. 18 C). Antenna (Fig. 18 H). Longer than body length; segment I ~ 1.9 – 2.3 times as long as vertex, segment II ~ 2.6 – 3.1 times as long as segment I, ~ 5.9 – 6.9 times as long as vertex, ~ 1.4 – 1.5 times as long as pronotum base width, segments III ~ 0.5 times as long as segment II, segment IV ~ 0.6 times as long as segment III. Labium (Figs 18 D – F). Segments I and III subequal in length, segment II longer than all other segments, segment IV shortest. Thorax. Pronotum ~ 1.8 – 2.4 times as wide as long, ~ 1.7 – 1.8 times as wide as head; posterior margin of pronotum bisinuiate (Figs 18 B, G); calli strongly upraised, their height subequal to at least half of eye height, distance between callus and posterior margin of pronotum shorter than callus length (Figs 18 B, C). Hemelytron. Ridge along medial fracture distinct, reaching middle of corium (Fig. 18 G); embolium distinct only anteriorly. Legs. Segment I of hind tarsus almost twice as long as segments II and III combined, segment III slightly longer than segment II (Fig. 18 N). Genitalia. Genital capsule triangular, posterior margin of ventral wall curved dorsally, bearing angulate outgrowth, opening placed dorsally (Fig. 19 D). Right paramere small and C-shaped, with swellings subbasally (Fig. 19 E, G); left paramere broad and flattened, subtriangular, its angles curved (Fig. 19 F, H). Theca distinctly sclerotized dorsally; vesica with two long curved spicules; left spicule hook-shaped basally, ductus seminis short, its apical part placed within vesica, sclerotized, its right wall elongate (Fig. 19 A – C). Description: female Body length 4.3 – 6.9. Coloration (Fig. 5): Similar to male, labial segments II – IV sometimes yellow.	en	Namyatova, Anna A., Cassis, Gerasimos (2019): Total-evidence phylogeny of the Rhinomirini, taxonomic review of its subgroupings (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) and description of new Australian taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 1196-1252
