identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E287F9F47AFFD6DDFCFA37FBB2F9AF.text	03E287F9F47AFFD6DDFCFA37FBB2F9AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glossiphonia Johnson 1816	<div><p>Genus Glossiphonia Johnson, 1816</p><p>Glossiphonia Johnson, 1816: 25 .</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Hirudo complanata Linnaeus, 1758, designated by R. Blanchard (1894).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F47AFFD6DDFCFA37FBB2F9AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F47AFFD6DFDDFF7CFACFFCC9.text	03E287F9F47AFFD6DFDDFF7CFACFFCC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glossiphoniidae Vaillant 1890	<div><p>K EY TO THE LEECHES OF THE FAMILY GLOSSIPHONIIDAE VAILLANT, 1890 OF THE FERGHANA VALLEY</p><p>1. Eyes four pairs................................................................................................................................................. ............. Theromyzon tessulatum (Müller, 1974) . Recorded from Uzbekistan but not from the Ferghana Valley.</p><p>— Eyes one, two or three pairs ......................................................................................................................... 2</p><p>2. Eyes one pair; dorsal dark scute in trachelosome region ......................... Helobdella stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>— Eyes two or three pairs ................................................................................................................................. 3</p><p>3. Eyes two pairs; anterior sucker distinct from body ....................... Hemiclepsis marginata (O. F. Müller, 1974)</p><p>— Eyes three pairs; anterior sucker not distinct from body ............................................................................... 4</p><p>4. Eyes of first pair located much closer to each other than eyes of two other pairs ............................................. .................................................................................................. Alboglossiphonia Lukin, 1976) .................. 5</p><p>— Eyes of all pairs are equally spaced ............................................ Glossiphonia Johnson, 1816 ..................... 6</p><p>5. Tiny tubercles and no black pigment on dorsum................................ Alboglossiphonia hyalina (Müller, 1774)</p><p>— Large tubercles and black pigment pattern on dorsum.................... Alboglossiphonia weberi (Blanchard, 1897)</p><p>6. Two conspicuous paramedian dorsal dark lines regularly interrupted by tubercles .......................................... ...... Glossiphonia complanata (Linnaeus, 1758) . Recorded from Uzbekistan but not from the Ferghana Valley.</p><p>— Dorsal dark lines and tubercles absent ...... Glossiphonia ferghanensis Solijonov, Izzatullaev &amp; Kuchboev, 2022</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F47AFFD6DFDDFF7CFACFFCC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F47AFFD7DDACF9D6FE98FD91.text	03E287F9F47AFFD7DDACF9D6FE98FD91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glossiphonia ferghanensis Solijonov, Izzatullaev & Kuchboev 2022	<div><p>Glossiphonia ferghanensis Solijonov, Izzatullaev &amp; Kuchboev, 2022</p><p>(Figs 1; 2A)</p><p>Glossiphonia ferghanensis Solijonov, Izzatullaev &amp; Kuchboev, 2022: 94 .</p><p>MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Holotype. Uzbekistan • Ferghana Valley, Andijan region, Balikchi district, Kaynarbulak spring; 8.VI.2020; Kh. Solijonov leg; ASUZM 155 .</p><p>ADDITIONAL DATA. — See Appendix 1.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. — Small-sized leech. Body length of juvenile leeches 7-16 mm, width 2-3 mm; length of adults 17-26 mm, width 3-7 mm. Body ovate. Dorsal side orange-amber, with very small dark-green spots, body surface smooth, with no papillae and tubercles. Ventral side yellow, with no spots. Three pairs of eyes arranged in 2 parallel rows, round-shaped; 2 posterior pairs larger than anterior one; anteriormost pair of eyes hardly discernible. 69-70 annuli of the same length. Mid-body segment 3-annulate. Gonopores separated by two annuli. Six pairs of crop caeca, posterior crop caeca not branched.</p><p>REMARK</p><p>As for now, it is found that this species is endemic to the Ferghana Valley.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F47AFFD7DDACF9D6FE98FD91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F47BFFD7DEA3FC91FD20F86A.text	03E287F9F47BFFD7DEA3FC91FD20F86A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alboglossiphonia hyalina (Muller 1774)	<div><p>Alboglossiphonia hyalina (Müller, 1774)</p><p>(Figs 1; 2B)</p><p>Hirudo hyalina Müller, 1774: 49 (original species description, type designated, considered holotype).</p><p>Clepsine hyalina – Moquin-Tandon 1826: 106 (drawing of the body in pl. 2, fig. 4, p. 105).</p><p>Glossobdella hyalina – de Blainville 1827: 565.</p><p>Glossosiphonia amudarjensis Moltschanov, 1913: 10 . fig. 1, 2.</p><p>Glossiphonia heteroclita f. hyalina – Pawlowski 1936: 130, fig. 89.</p><p>Alboglossiphonia hyalina – Lukin 1976: 256.</p><p>MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Uzbekistan • 10 samples; Ferghana Valley, Andijan region; 22.III.2020; Kh. Solijonov leg.; Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University .</p><p>PREVIOUS RECORDS. — Central Asia • 1 sample; Akmola region, Kazakhstan; 3.VIII.1899; Ignatov leg. (Plotnikov 1907) • 20 samples; Amu Darya River, Turkestan (currently Uzbekistan); 11.VI.1911; Moltschanov leg. (Moltschanov 1913) • 1 sample; Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan; 13.VII.2005; (Jueg et al. 2013) .</p><p>ADDITIONAL DATA. — See Appendix 1.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. — Body length of juvenile leeches 2-4 mm, width 1-2 mm, adults 5-12 mm in length, and 4-8 mm in width. When the body is at rest, the leech has a leaf-like shape. Body margins smooth. Many tiny papillae scattered on dorsal surface. Three pairs of eyes: first pair smaller and closer together; posterior two pairs larger, with a greater distance between them. Dorsal and ventral sides yellowish-white. No dark pigmentation. Digestive organs can be seen through body coverings. Six pairs of crop caeca: 1st pair smaller; 2nd-5th pairs longer, with the 5th pair branching into four pouches.</p><p>REMARK</p><p>This species was recorded for the first time in the Ferghana Valley of Uzbekistan based on both morphological characters and molecular data. Collected samples are small.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F47BFFD7DEA3FC91FD20F86A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F47BFFD7DF4CFDF2FEA0FD72.text	03E287F9F47BFFD7DF4CFDF2FEA0FD72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alboglossiphonia Lukin 1976	<div><p>Genus Alboglossiphonia Lukin, 1976</p><p>Glossiphonia (Alboglossiphonia) Lukin, 1976: 255 .</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Hirudo heteroclita Linnaeus, 1761, designated by Lukin (1976).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F47BFFD7DF4CFDF2FEA0FD72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F47BFFD7DDC9FF73FA00FB2F.text	03E287F9F47BFFD7DDC9FF73FA00FB2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alboglossiphonia weberi (Blanchard 1897)	<div><p>Alboglossiphonia weberi (Blanchard, 1897)</p><p>(Figs 1; 2C)</p><p>Glossiphonia weberi Blanchard, 1897: 332 (original species description, type designated, considered holotype, fig. 1). — Moore 1924: 351. — Harding &amp; Moore 1927: 62.</p><p>Clepsine weberi – Augener 1931: 744.</p><p>Glossiphonia weberi weberi – Soós 1969: 397.</p><p>Alboglossiphonia weberi – Lukin 1976: 261.</p><p>MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Uzbekistan • 6 samples; Ferghana Valley, Andijan region; 22.III.2020; Kh. Solijonov leg.; Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University .</p><p>ADDITIONAL DATA. — See Appendix 1.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. — Small-sized leech. Body length of young leeches 2-4 mm, width 1-2 mm, adults 5-12 mm in length and their width 3-8 mm. Body elongated oval-shaped at rest. Body margins denticulate. Dorsal body surface with well-developed tubercles. Three pairs of eyes: 1st pair smaller and closer together; 2nd and 3rd pairs larger, with a greater distance between them. Body colour mostly white, almost transparent. Therefore, after feeding, the digestive organs can be seen with the naked eye through the body coverings. Median row of black dots on dorsum present. Live and freshly fixed leeches with segmentally arranged transverse lateral black bands, numerous paramedian black lines, and tiny dots on dorsum. Six pairs of crop caeca: 1st pair smallest; 2nd–5th pairs longer; posterior crop caeca branched into five pouches (Solijonov et al. 2023).</p><p>REMARK</p><p>This species, a leech native to the Oriental region, was first recorded in the Ferghana Valley of Uzbekistan and Central Asia based on both morphological characters and molecular data.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F47BFFD7DDC9FF73FA00FB2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F47BFFD7DDFCFB50FC50FA0F.text	03E287F9F47BFFD7DDFCFB50FC50FA0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helobdella R. Blanchard 1896	<div><p>Genus Helobdella Blanchard, 1896</p><p>Helobdella R. Blanchard, 1896: 263 .</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Hirudo stagnalis Linnaeus, 1758, designated by R. Blanchard (1896).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F47BFFD7DDFCFB50FC50FA0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F47BFFD9DDEEFA76FA01FB2F.text	03E287F9F47BFFD9DDEEFA76FA01FB2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helobdella stagnalis (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Helobdella stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>(Figs 1; 2D)</p><p>Hirudo stagnalis Linnaeus, 1758: 649 (original species description; type locality and type deposition: not known).</p><p>Glossiphonia perata Johnson, 1816: 26 .</p><p>Erpobdella bioculata Lamarck, 1818: 296 .</p><p>Clepsine bioculata – Savigny 1822: 102, fig. 2.</p><p>Glossobdella pulligera Blainville, 1827: 266, fig. 6.</p><p>Clepsine stagnalis – Fillipi 1837: 27.</p><p>Glossiphonia bioculata – Moquin-Tandon 1846: 366, fig. 16-26.</p><p>Clepsine modesta Verrill, 1872: 126 .</p><p>Glossiphonia stagnalis – Blanchard 1894: 25.</p><p>Glossiphonia (Helobdella) stagnalis – Harding &amp; Moore 1927: 67, fig. 27.</p><p>MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Uzbekistan • 10 samples; Ferghana Valley, Andijan region; 22.III.2020; Kh. Solijonov leg.; Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University</p><p>PREVIOUS RECORDS. — Central Asia • 1 sample; Samarkand region, Uzbekistan; 2.XI.1898; Retter leg . • 2 samples; Kurgaldzhin Lake in the Akmola region, Kazakhstan; 14.VI.1899; Ignatov leg. (Plotnikov 1907) • 59 samples; Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan; 9.II.1911; (Shchegolev &amp; Shchegoleva 1951) • 7 samples; Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan; 13.VII.2005; (Jueg et al. 2013) .</p><p>ADDITIONAL DATA. — See Appendix 1.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. — Body length at full elongation 8-20 mm, body width 6-12 mm. Body oblong-oval at rest, middle of body wider than anterior end, body slightly tapered posteriorly. During movement, the body can be stretched up to three times more than in a calm state. Body margins denticulate, better expressed in fixed specimens.Dorsal body surface smooth. Body appearing yellowish-grey when stretched and green when shortened due to the presence of dark green spots (dots) on the back surface of the body. They are smaller and more numerous on the posterior portion of the body and larger and less numerous on the anterior portion. Brown chitinous scutum located on trachelosome. One pair of clearly separated eyes.</p><p>REMARK</p><p>This species was recorded for the first time in the Ferghana Valley of Uzbekistan. Collected samples are small.</p><p>MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS</p><p>Helobdella stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>Helobdella stagnalis formed a distinct clade on the phylogenetic tree of the genus Helobdella (log-likelihood: –13015.5363 [s.e. 600.4929]). The Ferghana scute-bearing leech clustered with H. stagnalis, occupying a sister position to the Daghestan leech (Fig. 3; Supplementary material 1. Another sequence from Uzbekistan did not group within this clade.</p><p>The Helobdella stagnalis clade consists of two major monophyletic groups that can be designated as the Northern/ Eastern Palearctic and Northern/Southern Palearctic clades to characterise their geographical distribution. The Ferghana leech was assigned to the former monophyletic group. The uncorrected genetic distance between the COI sequence of H. stagnalis from the Ferghana Valley and the other sequences of the clade of H. stagnalis is 0.0181± 0.0031.</p><p>Neutrality tests were done to analyse if selection has played a role in the molecular evolution of the COI gene in H. stagnalis. The codon-based Z-test revealed purifying selection in the COI locus. Tajima’s D for the entire clade of Helobdella stagnalis does not reject the hypothesis of neutrality (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F47BFFD9DDEEFA76FA01FB2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F475FFDADD62F976FD69FD11.text	03E287F9F475FFDADD62F976FD69FD11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alboglossiphonia hyalina (Muller 1774) COI	<div><p>Alboglossiphonia hyalina (Müller, 1774)</p><p>The COI sequence of A. hyalina from the Ferghana Valley was found to be sister to the sequence of the leech from the Tyumen Region in Russia (GenBank: ON631769) identified as A. heteroclita . This clade is sister, in turn, to the clade of North American leeches (Fig. 5; Supplementary material 2). The uncorrected genetic distance between the COI sequence of A. hyalina and its sister sample is 0.0016 ± 0.0016.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F475FFDADD62F976FD69FD11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F475FFD9DD64FB70FB8AF92D.text	03E287F9F475FFD9DD64FB70FB8AF92D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glossiphonia ferghanensis Solijonov, Izzatullaev & Kuchboev 2022	<div><p>Glossiphonia ferghanensis Solijonov, Izzatullaev &amp; Kuchboev, 2022</p><p>The genus Glossiphonia formed a separate clade sister to Alboglossiphonia on the phylogenetic tree (log-likelihood of the tree: -5276.9902 [s.e. 268.2413]). Two closely related sequences assigned to G. ferghanensis formed a separate clade within the superclade of G. concolor (Fig. 4; Supplementary material 2). The uncorrected genetic distance between the two newly generated sequences of G. ferghanensis and the rest of the sequences of the clade of G. concolor is 0.0344 ± 0.0056 and the distance between the two conspecific sequences is 0.0015 ± 0.0016. Although the codon-based Z-test suggested purifying selection in the COI locus, Tajima’s D for the entire clade of G. concolor does not reject the hypothesis of neutrality (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F475FFD9DD64FB70FB8AF92D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
03E287F9F476FFDADECBFD11FD11FC4E.text	03E287F9F476FFDADECBFD11FD11FC4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alboglossiphonia weberi (Blanchard 1897)	<div><p>Alboglossiphonia weberi (Blanchard, 1897)</p><p>The COI sequence of A. weberi was found to be within the Myanmarese and Indian clade of A. pahariensis (Fig. 5; Supplementary material 2). The uncorrected genetic distance between the COI sequence of A. weberi from the Ferghana Valley and other members of the clade is 0.0207 ± 0.0056. Although the codon-based Z-test suggested purifying selection in the COI locus, Tajima’s D for the entire clade of A. weberi does not reject the hypothesis of neutrality (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287F9F476FFDADECBFD11FD11FC4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Khayrulla Solijonov;Serge Utevsky;Zuvaid Izzatullaev;Utevsky, Andriy	Khayrulla Solijonov, Serge Utevsky, Zuvaid Izzatullaev, Utevsky, Andriy (2026): At the boundary of two biogeographical realms: Palearctic and Oriental leeches (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) of the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. Zoosystema 48 (2): 41-54, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v48a2
