identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D987DFFF9B7E1BFF3CD2F3F6E6FEC1.text	03D987DFFF9B7E1BFF3CD2F3F6E6FEC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gamochaeta carloramirezii Chaura & C. M. Baeza 2025	<div><p>Gamochaeta carloramirezii Chaura &amp; C.M. Baeza, sp. nov.</p><p>Type:— CHILE. Región de Los Ríos: Provincia de Valdivia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.4091&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-39.831505" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.4091/lat -39.831505)">Playa San Ignacio</a>, roqueríos y acantilados de rocas metamórficas y sedimentarias, 5 m, 39° 49’ 53.42” S, 73° 24’ 32.77” W, 4 October 2024, R. Chaura &amp; E. Picero s.n. (holotype SGO 171957!, isotype CONC 200498!) (Figure 1).</p><p>Diagnosis: — Gamochaeta carloramirezii is similar to G. americana but differs from the latter by the dwarf acaulescent or subcacaulescent and rosulate habit with white-woolly hairs on both surfaces of the leaves. This new species is also similar to the rosulate, dwarf species G. standleyi (Steyermark 1944: 99) Nesom (1990: 199) and G. cabrerae from high Neotropical mountain ranges in North America, but G. carloramirezii differs from these two by having discolored leaves (versus concolored in C. standleyi) and spathulate to subspathulate leaves (versus sublanceolate in C. cabrerae). Gamochaeta carloramirezii usually develops stolons in adult plants, a feature not found in the other two species.</p><p>Description: —Perennial short-lived acaulescent or subacaulescent herbs of 2–5 cm tall (Figure 2A–D), tomentose, with ascending to prostrate stems, adult individuals usually branched and sometimes with stolons (Figure 2F). Leaves slightly discolored, alternate, with white-tomentose hairs on both surfaces, stronger and incano-tomentose on the lower surface. Basal leaves forming a dense rosette, spathulate, subspathulate, linear-obovate, obovate to suborbicular towards apex, 0.5–3 cm long × 0.2–0.5 cm wide, apex obtuse and mucronate, base attenuate, margin entire, light green to grayish. Upper leaves similar to the basal leaves, which alternate and decrease in size until reaching the inflorescence. Inflorescence at the end of short stems emerging from the center of the basal rosette, forming a very dense spike with sessile or shortly pedunculate capitula. Involucre campanulate, 4–5 mm long × 2.5–3 mm wide, lanuginose at base. Bracts of the involucre arranged in three to four series, with a light brown band at apex, changing to a lilac to yellowish color in the innermost bracts. Outer bracts ovate, 2–2.5 mm long × 1–1.2 mm wide, central and inner bracts lanceolate to oblanceolate, 3–3.5 mm long × 0.2–0.3 mm wide. Pistillate florets numerous, corolla filiform, whitish and pale pinkpurplish at apex, 2.2–2.5 mm long. Bisexual florets scarce (&lt;8), corolla whitish to pale-pinkish at apex, tubular, 2.5–3 mm long. Stamens inserted, anthers ca. 0.3 mm with a small, obtuse apical anther appendage. Styles filiform, exserted, bifid, branches ca. 0.2 mm, truncate to rounded and penicillate. Pappus basally connate, forming a basal ring, bristles barbellate, reaching 3 mm, covering the upper length of the flowers, deciduous. Cypselas oblong, 0.4–0.6 mm long, with a small carpopodium at base, light brown, pilose with short globose duplex trichomes.</p><p>Distribution and habitat: —Field trips during the spring and summer of 2017–2024 in the Valdivian coastal rainforest, between the shores of Niebla and Curiñanco (39°52’S – 73°24’W 39°43’S – 73°24’W) (Figure 3, map), revealed populations of Gamochaeta carloramirezii on seashore cliffs of metamorphic and sedimentary rocks, locally known as “laja” and “cancagua”.</p><p>The habitat where this species grows belongs to the herbaceous vegetation that forms part of the succession dynamics of the shrub communities described phytosociologically as Escallonio-Griselinietum jodinifoliae and Gaultherio poeppigii-Griselinietum jodinifoliae (Hildebrand 1983, Ramírez &amp; San Martín 2005, Amigo et al. 2022). The specific locations of Gamochaeta carloramirezii are in areas with scarce soil formation and constant saline wind (Figure 2E). Part of the environment corresponds to a pioneer successional phase resulting from recent degradation of the Griselinia jodinifolia (Grisebach 1856: 122) Taubert (1892: 390) and Escallonia rubra (Ruiz &amp; Pavón 1802: 15) Persoon (1805: 235) var. macrantha (Hooker &amp; Arnott 1833: 341) Reiche (1899: 804) shrubland community. Eryngium paniculatum Cav. &amp; Dombey ex Delaroche (1808: 59) dominates, forming the unit described as Eryngietum paniculate prairie (Ramírez et al. 2003), where Gamochaeta americana also occurs.</p><p>The climate of the type locality is meso-temperate with perhumid conditions and with continuous rainfall throughout most of the year (Amigo &amp; Ramírez 1998); the annual average of temperature does not exceed 12 ºC (Hajek &amp; Di Castri 1975). Proximity to the sea allows a favorable environment for the formation of forests and shrublands, usually dense and very diverse in species composition (Amigo &amp; Ramírez 1998; Novoa 2019).</p><p>Phenology: —Flowering from September to November.</p><p>Etymology: —This species is dedicated to Professor Dr. Carlos Ramírez García (born in Osorno, 1942), specialist in phytosociology from the Universidad Austral de Chile (UACh), Valdivia. He dedicated his academic life to understanding the flora and vegetation of Chile, including the ecosystem where this new species was discovered. He obtained his doctoral degree in botany in Germany at the Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen and began work in the late 1960s at the former Institute of Botany and Botanic Garden of UACh, and at the VALD Herbarium, where he served as director until his retirement.</p><p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — CHILE. Los Ríos Region: Valdivia Province, Pilolcura, 5 m, 39° 40’ 19” S, 73° 21’ 05” W, 2 December 2009, V. Morales 31 (SGO 159195); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.405464&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-39.72026" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.405464/lat -39.72026)">Playa Curiñanco</a>, 5 m, 39°43’ 12.94”S, 73° 24’ 19.66” W, 15 March 2024, E. Picero &amp; R. Chaura s.n. (SGO 171958)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D987DFFF9B7E1BFF3CD2F3F6E6FEC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chaura-Núñez, Rodrigo;Baeza, Carlos Marcelo;Penneckamp, Diego N.;Rojas, Gloria;Picero, Edison;Gallardo-Valdivia, Javian	Chaura-Núñez, Rodrigo, Baeza, Carlos Marcelo, Penneckamp, Diego N., Rojas, Gloria, Picero, Edison, Gallardo-Valdivia, Javian (2025): Gamocheta carloramirezii sp. nov. (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae), a new addition to the Chilean Flora. Phytotaxa 731 (3): 276-284, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.731.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.731.3.6
03D987DFFF9E7E1BFF3CD7CAF0A0FAE8.text	03D987DFFF9E7E1BFF3CD7CAF0A0FAE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gamochaeta carloramirezii Chaura & C.M. Baeza	<div><p>Key to Gamochaeta carloramirezii and close relatives, modified from Freire et al. (2024) and Nesom (2022)</p><p>1. Plants acaulescent or subacaulescent; basal leaves densely rosulate, concolorous............................................................................2</p><p>– Plants with developed stems, sometimes becoming decumbent-ascending; leaves discolorous with the upper surface glabrous, glabrescent, and sometimes becoming shiny.................................................................................................................. G. americana</p><p>2. Leaves linear-obovate; capitula in headlike clusters ....................................................................................................... G. badillana</p><p>– Leaves oblong to broadly obovate, spathulate, subspathulate or sublanceolate; capitula in dense spikes.........................................3</p><p>3. Leaves concolorous, whitish-tomentose on both surfaces; high mountain range above 3500 m (Mexico to Colombia).................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................... G. standleyi</p><p>– Leaves discolorous, upper surface white-lanuginose, lower surface white-woolly; high Neotropical Andean range or Southern South America Temperate Rainforest.................................................................................................................................................4</p><p>4. Plants with branched stems and basal rosettes, usually branched, sometimes with stolons; leaves subspathulate; coastal range in southern Chile near sea level.................................................................................................................................... G. carloramirezii</p><p>– Plants with simple or branched stems and basal rosettes, without stolons; leaves sublanceolate; high Neotropical Andean range (Ecuador and Peru above 3500 meters)............................................................................................................................ G. cabrerae</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D987DFFF9E7E1BFF3CD7CAF0A0FAE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chaura-Núñez, Rodrigo;Baeza, Carlos Marcelo;Penneckamp, Diego N.;Rojas, Gloria;Picero, Edison;Gallardo-Valdivia, Javian	Chaura-Núñez, Rodrigo, Baeza, Carlos Marcelo, Penneckamp, Diego N., Rojas, Gloria, Picero, Edison, Gallardo-Valdivia, Javian (2025): Gamocheta carloramirezii sp. nov. (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae), a new addition to the Chilean Flora. Phytotaxa 731 (3): 276-284, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.731.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.731.3.6
