identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D98780FFF94F76FF31F8DBFBFE6C1E.text	03D98780FFF94F76FF31F8DBFBFE6C1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Syntomernus codonatus (Huang & van Achterberg 2013)	<div><p>Syntomernus codonatus (Huang &amp; van Achterberg, 2013)</p><p>Ficobracon codonatus Huang &amp; van Achterberg, 2013: 466 .</p><p>Syntomernus codonatus (Huang &amp; van Achterberg, 2013), 2020: 35. Synonymised by Samartsev &amp; Ku, 2020.</p><p>Ficobracon kallithi Binoy, van Achterberg &amp; Sureshan, 2025: 131; syn. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Female. Most of the characters are in line with the original description. Following are the exceptions, body length of female 2.5–3.2 mm (2.9 mm in holotype). Number of antennomeres 21–22 (24 in holotype). Midlongitudinal carina on propodeum present posterior rather extends to the posterior half of the medial length (present posterior 1/4th in holotype). Ratio of fore wing veins r: 3-SR: SR1 = 1:2:8 (1.5: 2.1: 8.4 in the original description). Ratio of fore wing veins 2-SR: 3-SR: r-m = 1.8:1.8:1.0 (2.1: 2.1: 1.2 in the original description). Fore wing length 2.3–2.5 mm (3.0 mm in holotype). Pterostigma 2.1–2.6 × as long as wide. T1 with indistinct, rather complete midlongitudinal groove. Sublateral grooves converge anteriorly to indistinct medial groove. T3 rugose-reticulate. Length of ovipositor sheath 0.6–0.74 × as long as fore wing (0.65 × in holotype).</p><p>Male. Body length 2.1–2.2 mm (2.06 mm in the original description). Number of antennomeres 20–22 (21 in the original description). Fore wing length 1.54–1.93 mm (2.19 mm in the original description). Pterostigma 1.9–2.7 × as long as wide. T1 without medial groove or with indistinct, complete midlongitudinal groove, distinct only posteriorly in one paratype male (without midlongitudinal groove in the original description).</p><p>According to a re-examination of the type material, most of the morphological characters used by Binoy et al. (2025) to establish the new taxon are found to be inconsistent, including the number of antennomeres, body measurements, morphometric ratios of different body parts, and the length of wing veins. Although several morphological characters were included in the description, the authors did not consider certain distinctive characters, such as the sculpture of T3 and the morphometric ratio of ovipositor length to hind tibia length which were used for species establishments in the previous studies (Wei et al. 2013; Maqbool et al. 2018). Based on the taxonomic keys provided by Wei et al. (2013) and Maqbool et al. (2018), F. kallithi keys out to F. codonatus Huang &amp; van Achterberg, 2013, and F. kashmirensis Maqbool, Akbar &amp; Wachkoo, 2018, respectively. The variation of S. codonatus described by Wei et al. (2013) clearly defined the ranges of different characters, explaining the morphological plasticity such as body length, the number of antennomeres, and the length of ovipositor sheath to lengths of metasoma and fore wing, which incorporates most of the character distinction defined in Binoy et al. (2025).</p><p>Additionally, the descriptive characters and the comparative diagnosis provided by Binoy et al. (2025), we found that Binoy et al. (2025) had overlooked a few facts regarding the character plasticity evident within the previously known genus Ficobracon species. In light of the absence of a dedicated ‘Variation’ section we have examined the type series and found that the differences of the new species from its nearest species can be included as intraspecific variations of S. codonatus including number of antennomeres within Ficobracon group is highly variable. Both male and female individuals of Syntomernus including Ficobracon are reported to exhibit variation in number of antennomeres (Maetô 1991; van Achterberg &amp; Weiblen 2000; van Achterberg et al. 2009; Wei et al. 2013; Maqbool et al. 2018; Samartsev &amp; Ku 2000). Generally, number of antennomeres in Syntomernus is found to be variable (Maetô 1991; Samartsev &amp; Ku 2020). More broadly, the number of antennomeres is considered a highly variable character within the subfamily Braconinae (Quicke 1987; Quicke &amp; van Achterberg 1990). This is further supported by similar examples found in related groups such as Bracon Fabricius, 1804 (Perioto et al. 2011; Ranjith et al. 2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D98780FFF94F76FF31F8DBFBFE6C1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ranjith, A. P.;Satheesan, Shilpa K.;Quicke, Donald L. J.	Ranjith, A. P., Satheesan, Shilpa K., Quicke, Donald L. J. (2025): Generic reclassification and new species level synonymy of the fig associated wasp Ficobracon kallithi Binoy, van Achterberg & Sureshan, 2025 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zootaxa 5737 (2): 294-296, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5737.2.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5737.2.9
