taxonID	type	description	language	source
03DA650DFFB8FFF2FF717466FEB05708.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Small to medium-sized flies; head hemispherical; frontal plate large, strongly depressed; compound eyes dichoptic and bare in males and females; the upper inner margin of the compound eyes, above the insertion of the antennae, with a triangular orbital area, without ommatidia or pilosity, adjacent to the fronto-orbital plate; antennal flagellum highly modified slightly to strongly pectinate, or bipectinate, composed of 15 up to 35 flagellomeres. Thorax with mesonotum (scutum) and scutellum unmodified; postpronotal lobe and laterotergites bare. Wings hyaline to infuscate, mainly around the longitudinal veins; between Sc and R 1 sometimes, there is an inconspicuous dark macula pterostigma-like; between veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 there is a small and inconspicuous hyaline spot; R S stem vein curved upwards before the bifurcation of the radial sector; distal end of M vein transparent or whitish, covered by a dense microtrichia; cell m 3 closed at wing margin. Legs unmodified, long and slender, tibial spurs 1: 2: 2. Abdomen slender, with seven to nine visible segments; about as wide as thorax, only slightly tapered posteriorly in males, whereas in females the apical segments are moderately elongate and strongly narrowed posteriorly (ovipositor-like).	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF2FF7170C6FE20533C.taxon	description	(Figs 3 – 5)	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF2FF7170C6FE20533C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body dark brownish; yellow cerci; antenna with pectinate falciform-shaped flagellomeres.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF2FF7170C6FE20533C.taxon	description	Measurements: body length: 8.7 mm; antenna: 1.3 mm; number of antennal flagellomeres: 16; wings: 7 mm. Head: hemispherical, wider than thorax; front flat, shining brown, with two longitudinal ridges running from ocellar plate and converging on a suture that divides antennal plate in half; frontal plate large with small whitish setae (pruinosity like) ventrally, around antennae; fronto-orbital plate depressed and bare. Compound eyes dichoptic and bare; vertex brownish with ocellar triangle developed with tuffs of small bristles; ocellus brownish yellow. Occiput brownish, well developed, and pilose. Palpus yellowish, club-like and bi-segmented. Labellum yellowish and membranous with elongate setae. Antennae elongate, more than two times longer than width of head, with 15 pectinate falciform-shaped flagellomeres, and last one club-like (Figs. 3 – 5). Thorax: predominantly dark brown and bare; postpronotal lobe yellowish white; scutum with sparse pilosity; pleuron entirely bare; scutellum brownish, with dense pilosity. Wings: hyaline, inconspicuous pterostigma between veins Sc and R 1; R S stem curved upwards before bifurcation of radial sectors; halters brownish yellow. Legs: coxae, trochanters, femurs and tibiae brownish; first tarsomeres whitish; empodia pulvilliform. Abdomen: entirely dark brownish, with dense small pilosity, except in second tergite; cercus yellowish, with dense pilosity. Male. Unknown.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF2FF7170C6FE20533C.taxon	etymology	Etymology: This name is given to honor my beloved daughter Isabela. Geographical distribution. BRAZIL, state of Santa Catarina.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF2FF7170C6FE20533C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. The female HOLOTYPE is housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Labeled: Brasilien, Nova Teutonia [Santa Catarina], 27 o 11 ’ S, 52 o 23 ’ W, Fritz Plaumann col., XI. 1962 (300 – 500 meters) [White label] / Holótipo [Red label] / MZ 053524 [White label]. The holotype is in good condition, except for the damaged left wing and the right wing, which has been separated and dried stored in a microvial.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF0FF717412FC9652C0.taxon	description	(Figs 6 – 15)	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF0FF717412FC9652C0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body blackish; femora, tibiae and first tarsomeres striped in black and white; antenna with flagellomeres pectinate slims and lanceolate.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF0FF717412FC9652C0.taxon	description	Measurements: body length: 6.8 – 8.8 mm; antenna: 1.8 – 2.3 mm; number of antennal flagellomeres: 20; wings: 5.6 – 6.6 mm. Head: hemispherical, wider than thorax; front flat, shining black, with two longitudinal ridges running from ocellar plate and converging on suture that divides antennal plate in half; frontal plate large with small whitish setae (pruinosity like) around the antennae in inferior margin; fronto-orbital plate depressed and bare. Compound eyes dichoptic and bare; vertex with ocellar triangle developed, black; ocellus brownish yellow. Occiput shinning black well developed and very pilose (Figs. 6 – 7). Palps brownish, club-like and 2 - segmented. Labellum brownish, membranous with elongate setae. Antennae elongate more than two times as long as width of head, with 20 spatulate flagellomeres, last flagellomeres truncate (Figs. 6, 8). Thorax: predominantly black and bare; postpronotal lobe blackish; scutum with small and sparse pilosity; anepimeron whitish; laterotergites shinning black and entirely bare; scutellum blackish, with dense pilosity (Fig. 6). Wings: hyaline, inconspicuous pterostigma between veins Sc and R 1; R S stem curved upwards before bifurcation of radial sectors; halters whitish (Fig. 6). Legs: coxae and trochanters black; fore leg with femora black, tibia and first tarsomeres white; mid and hind legs with femur and tibia with proximal half whitish and distal half black; first tarsomere of both legs whitish; empodia pulvilliform (Fig. 6). Abdomen: entirely shinning dark black, with dense small pilosity; intersegmental membranes whitish, giving black and white striped appearance to abdomen; terminalia conical with dense pilosity (Fig. 6). Genital capsule (epandrium and hypandrium) elliptical in general form; gonocoxal apodemes conspicuously long, flat and curved inwards, arising near base of gonostylus (Figs. 9 – 11); phallus tubular, long and curved, moderately depressed from median surface to glans pore (Figs. 14 – 15); gonostylus long and curved, with upper tip slightly larger than basal tip; interior margin deeply concave, covered by small and sparse pilosity (Figs. 12 – 13). Cercus long, spoon-shaped with small, sparse pilosity. Female. Unknown.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF0FF717412FC9652C0.taxon	etymology	Etymology: This name is given to honor Professor José Albertino Rafael, our friend and illustrious Brazilian dipterist. Geographical distribution. BRAZIL, states of Amazonas and Maranhão.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB9FFF0FF717412FC9652C0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. The male HOLOTYPE is housed in the Coleção Zoológica do Maranhão (CZMA), Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil. Labeled: Brasil (MA), C [ândido] Mendes, Fazenda 7 Irmãos, 01 o 52 ’ 06 ” S, 45 o 45 ’ 59.7 ” W [White label] / Arm [adilha] Malaise, 15 - 31. xii. 2018, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, D. Limeira & J. S. Brito, cols. [White label] / Holótipo [Red label] / CZMA 600 [White label]. The holotype is in good condition, only missing the lack of the right fore leg, the mid legs and the tips of the antennae. PARATYPE male housed in the Coleção de Invertebrados do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The specimen is fixed in glycerol in a microvial, labeled: Brasil, Amazonas, 26 Km NE Manaus, Reserva Ducke, 23. VIII. 1988 [white label] / J. A. Rafael & Socorro Rosa col. [white label] / Parátipo [Green label].	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB4FFFEFF7177BDFDE15708.taxon	description	(Figs 16 – 18)	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB4FFFEFF7177BDFDE15708.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Brownish body with blackish terminalia; Femora, tibiae and first tarsomeres with light and dark brown stripes; antenna with slender, spoon-shaped pectinate flagellomeres.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB4FFFEFF7177BDFDE15708.taxon	description	Measurements: body length: 6.6 mm; antenna: 1.3 mm; number of antennal flagellomeres: 17; wings: 6.5 mm. Head: hemispherical, wider than thorax; front flat, shining brown, with two longitudinal ridges running from ocellar plate and converging on a suture that divides antennal plate in half; striated integument between ridges; frontal plate large with small whitish setae (pruinosity like) in inferior margin around antennae; fronto-orbital plate depressed and bare (Fig. 17). Compound eyes dichoptic, reniform and bare; vertex with ocellar triangle developed, black; ocellus brownish (Fig. 17). Occiput well developed and very pilose. Palps brownish and 2 - segmented. Labellum brownish, membranous with elongate setae. Antennae elongate more than two times greater than width of head, with 17 pectinate spoon-shaped flagellomeres (Figs. 16 – 18). Thorax: predominantly dark brown and pilose; postpronotal lobe brownish; disc of thorax with dense pilosity; anepimerom and laterotergites entirely bare; scutellum brownish, with sparse pilosity (Fig. 16). Wings: hyaline, inconspicuous pterostigma between veins Sc and R 1; R S stem curved upwards before bifurcation of radial sectors; halters brownish. Legs: coxae, trochanters, femurs and tibiae brownish, posterior 1 ⁄ 2 of femurs and tibiae brownish yellow; first tarsomeres whitish; empodia pulvilliform (Fig. 16). Abdomen: entirely brownish with dark brownish to black terminalia, with dense pilosity; terminalia conical (Fig. 16). Female. Unknown.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB4FFFEFF7177BDFDE15708.taxon	etymology	Etymology: This name is given to honor my beloved son Victor. Geographical distribution. BRAZIL, State of São Paulo.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
03DA650DFFB4FFFEFF7177BDFDE15708.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. The male HOLOTYPE is housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, labeled: S. [ão] Paulo, S. [ão] Roque, J. Lane col., XII. [19] 46 [white label] / Holótipo [red label] / MZ 053525 [white label]. The holotype is in good condition, only missing the right antenna and the lack of the right fore leg.	en	Pujol-Luz, José Roberto, Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga De (2025): Three new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera, Xylophagidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 294-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.5
