identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DF282391268843FED3C1EFFAB4F916.text	03DF282391268843FED3C1EFFAB4F916.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aferos Kazantsev 1992	<div><p>Aferos Kazantsev, 1992 (Figs. 1–42)</p><p>Type species: Stadenus aethiops Kleine, 1933 .</p><p>Aferos Kazantsev, 1992: 44 type species: Stadenus aethiops Kleine, 1933</p><p>Slipinskia Bocák &amp; Bocáková, 1992: 257 type species: Stadenus aethiops Kleine, 1933 Redescription</p><p>Head transverse, slightly narrowed behind eyes (Figs. 1–2). Fastigium blunt (Fig. 3). Labrum sclerotized and lying anteriad of epistoma, not or feebly emarginated medially (Fig. 2). Eyes relatively small, spherical. Mandibles projected forward and evenly rounded distally, glabrous distally and pubescent basally (Fig. 2). Maxillary palps relatively slen­ der, 4 ­segmented, with ultimate palpomere parallel­sided and flattened distally (Fig. 1). Prementum undivided, labial palps 3 ­segmented, slender, apical palpomere slightly widening and flattened distally, ligula present (Fig. 5). Gula absent, genal sclerites connected by narrow process lying anteriad of posterior tentorial pits (Fig. 2). Ventral arms of tentorium long and narrow, almost attaining cranial dorsal surface (Fig. 3). Antennal prominence relatively inconspicuous, antennal sockets approximately broadly separated (Fig. 2). Antennae 11 ­segmented, relatively short, flattened from antennomere 3; antennomere 3 longer and wider than antennomere 2, but shorter than antennomere 4 (Fig. 4); antennal pubescence sparse and decumbent in all female and male antennomeres.</p><p>Pronotum subquadrate, with conspicuously produced medially posterior margin (Fig. 19), prominent median cell and approximately developed transverse carinae; posterior angles feebly produced laterally (Figs. 6, 19). Prosternum short, T­shaped (Fig. 7). Thoracic spiracles well sclerotized, but not protruding laterally beyond coxal limits (Fig. 6). Mesoventrite short, with weakly sclerotized median part; mesepimeron significantly shorter than mesepisternum, but extending beyond its base (Fig. 8). Scutellum relatively small, slightly emarginate at apex. Elytra almost parallel­sided, with four approximately equally developed primary costae, interstices with double rows of subquadrate cells; sparse elytral pubescence noticeable on longitudinal costae; elytron with noticeable epipleuron basally (Fig. 9). Metasternal suture not attaining to mesoventrite (Fig. 6). Metendosternite with transverse suture and lateral arms (Fig. 10). Metathoracic wings with wedge cell and cu­a brace; Cu 2 split into two branches (Fig. 11).</p><p>Mesocoxae widely separated; metacoxae with conspicuous trochantinal suture (Fig. 6). Protrochantins considerably larger than mesotrochantins (Fig. 6). Trochanters elongate, widened distally, connected to femora distally; tibiae and femora curved, tibiae with pair of similar short apical spurs; tarsomeres 1–4 with plantar pads; all claws simple (Fig. 12). Abdominal spiracles located dorsally on sternite relatively distant from edge. Spiculum ventrale moderately long (Fig. 13); spiculum gastrale long to extremely long (Figs. 14– 15). Valvifers free, styli long and narrow, coxites fused basally with proctiger (Fig. 16). Aedeagus with elongate, semi­fused parameres and asymmetric compound phallobase; median lobe with variously modified distal processes (Figs. 17 –18, 20– 43).</p><p>Comments</p><p>Aferos, the monophyly of which is supported by the noticeable elytral epipleura and the asymmetric compound phallobase of the aedeagus, is divided into two subgenera, Aferos s. str. and Aferos subgen. Ukachaka Kazantsev, 1992, differing by the structure of maxillary and labial palps and elytral reticulation. The pointed maxillary and labial palps are hypothesized to be a plesiomorphy of Ukachaka, the reduced elytral reticulation and the very long and narrow median lobe of the aedeagus (Figs. 42–43) assumed to be its apomorphies. The approximately parallel­sided ultimate palpomeres and the shortened and variously modified distal process of the median lobe appear to be apomorphic for Aferos s. str. The relatively long and simple distal process of the median lobe of A. (s. str.) andrei and A. (s. str.) flavohumeralis (Figs. 31, 40) is probably in the plesiomorphic condition.</p><p>On the other hand, two groups may be distinguished within Aferos s. str., the aethiops group and the walteri group, the phylogenetic relationships of which need further study based on more representative material. The aethiops group is characterized by the flattened antennomeres 3–11 and relatively large and mostly elongate irregular elytral cells, whereas the walteri group, including two species, the second one being A. rubellus sp. n., is recognized by the filiform antennae and small and mostly square regular elytral cells.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Eleven of the 18 known species of Aferos are endemic to South Africa, with five species occurring in Natal (A. aethiops, A. brincki, A. walteri, A. londonianus, A. natalensis sp. n.), three in Cape (A. flavocoeruleus, A. londonianus, A. rubellus sp. n.) and five in Transvaal (A. transvaalensis sp. n., A. endroedyi sp. n., A. silvestris sp. n., A. rubellus sp. n., A. youngai sp. n.). The remaining seven species of the genus are evenly distributed on the mountain ridge extending along the Eastern coast of Africa towards the equator, with one species known from each of Zimbabwe (A. leleupi), Mozambique (A. zambezianus), Malawi (A. andrei), Tanzania (A. orientalis), Rwanda (A. basilewskyi) and Congo (A. dewittei), and one species occurring in both Uganda and Kenya on the Mt. Elgon massif (A. flavohumeralis) (Fig. 46).</p><p>Biology</p><p>No preimaginal forms have been observed or collected in Aferos. The known elevations where adults of this genus were taken range from 1000 m (A. transvaalensis, Transvaal, South Africa) to 2300 m above sea level (A. basilewskyi, Rwanda). Dr. Endrödy­ Younga collected these beetles on fungous bearing tree trunks, Cussonia logs and in forest litter, including very wet litter. The most productive methods to collect Aferos species appear to be beating, grass netting, UV light collecting and using intercept traps, which yielded most of the specimens studied.</p><p>Key to the subgenera and species of Aferos</p><p>1. Elytral pubescence distributed along costae, their interstices with double rows of reticulate cells. Ultimate maxillary palpomere parallel­sided and flattened distally (Aferos s. str.) ......................................................................................................... 2</p><p>­ Elytra glabrous, at least last elytral interstice with one row of cells. Ultimate max­ illary palpomere tapering distally (Aferos subgen. Ukachaka) ............................ 18</p><p>2 (1). Elytra fulvous with darkened apices. Aedeagus ­ Fig. 31 ....................................... ......................................................................................A. (s. str.) andrei Kazantsev</p><p>­ Elytra black, at most with rufous humeri ............................................................... 3</p><p>3 (2). Elytra uniformly black ........................................................................................... 4</p><p>­ Elytra black with rufous humeri ......................................................................... 14</p><p>4 (3). Scutellum rufous. Aedeagus ­ Fig. 32 ................A. (s. str.) zambezianus Kazantsev</p><p>­ Scutellum black ..................................................................................................... 5</p><p>5 (4). Disk of pronotum conspicuously darkened. Aedeagus ­ Fig. 33 ............................. ......................................................................................A. (s. str.) aethiops (Kleine)</p><p>­ Pronotum uniformly rufous or testaceous .............................................................. 6</p><p>6 (5). Elytra with erect hairs (Fig. 19). Male metatrochanters spinose. Aedeagus ­ Figs. 20–21 ............................................................................ A. (s. str.) natalensis sp. n.</p><p>­ Elytra with decumbent pubescence. Male metatrochanters simple ....................... 7</p><p>7 (6). Antennomere 1 anteriorly brownish. Aedeagus ­ Figs. 29–30 ................................ ...........................................................................................A. (s. str.) youngai sp. n.</p><p>­ Antennomere 1 uniformly black ............................................................................ 8</p><p>8 (7). Male metacoxae with posterior spine ..................................................................... 9</p><p>­ Male metacoxae simple ....................................................................................... 11</p><p>9 (8). Distal process of median lobe long and narrow (Fig. 34)......................................... ..................................................................................... A. (s. str.) leleupi Kazantsev</p><p>­ Median process short and variously modified...................................................... 10</p><p>10 (9). Aedeagus relatively narrow; distal process of median lobe not aculeate (Figs. 17­18) ........................................................................................A. (s. str.) endroedyi sp. n.</p><p>­ Aedeagus broad; distal process of median lobe with aculeate ventral surface (Figs. 24­25) ............................................................................... A. (s. str.) silvestris sp. n.</p><p>11 (8). Aedeagus with medially produced distal process of median lobe; parameres dis­ tally outwardly hooked (Figs. 26–28) ......................A. (s. str.) transvaalensis sp. n.</p><p>­ Aedeagus with bifurcate distal process of median lobe........................................ 12</p><p>12 (11). Aedeagus with rounded apices of bifurcate distal process (Fig. 35) ....................... .................................................................................A. (s. str.) orientalis Kazantsev</p><p>­ Aedeagus with pointed apices of bifurcate distal process ................................... 13</p><p>13 (12).Aedeagus relatively narrow; distal process deeply incised (Fig. 36) ...................... ............................................................................ A. (s. str.) londonianus Kazantsev</p><p>­ Aedeagus relatively broad; distal process feebly incised (Fig. 37) ......................... ............................................................................ A. (s. str.) brincki (Gomes Alves)</p><p>14 (3). Head and basal antennomeres testaceous ............................................................. 15</p><p>­ Head and antennae uniformly black. .................................................................. 16</p><p>15 (14).Aedeagus with relatively long, distally produced parameres and widened preapical portion of median lobe (Fig. 38) ..................................A. (s. str.) walteri Kazantsev</p><p>­ Aedeagus with relatively short, not distally produced parameres and narrowed preapical portion of median lobe (Figs. 22–23) ................A. (s. str.) rubellus sp. n.</p><p>16 (14).Front tibiae testaceous. Aedeagus ­ Fig. 39 .......A. (s. str.) flavocoeruleus (Kleine)</p><p>­ All tibiae black...................................................................................................... 17</p><p>17 (16). Humeri broadly testaceous. Aedeagus ­ Fig. 40 ...................................................... ........................................................................A. (s. str.) flavohumeralis Kazantsev</p><p>­ Humeri with small testaceous spots. Aedeagus ­ Fig. 41 ......................................... .....................................................................................A. (s. str.) kraatzi Kazantsev</p><p>18 (1). Median pronotal cell closed both anteriorly and posteriorly. Male antennae attain­ ing to elytral middle. Median lobe of aedeagus comparatively broad; parameres hooked inwardly (Fig. 42) ........................................ A. (U.) basilewskyi Kazantsev</p><p>­ Median pronotal cell open anteriorly. Male antennae attaining only to elytral fourth. Median lobe of aedeagus very long and narrow; parameres hooked out­ wardly (Fig. 43) ............................................................A. (U.) dewittei Kazantsev</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF282391268843FED3C1EFFAB4F916	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.	Kazantsev, Sergey V. (2005): Review of Aferos Kazantsev (Coleoptera, Lycidae), with a note on Staepteron cyanoxanthum (Bourgeois). Zootaxa 830: 1-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.830.1.1
03DF282391218859FED3C1FAFBB8F9B6.text	03DF282391218859FED3C1FAFBB8F9B6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aferos endroedyi	<div><p>Aferos (s. str.) endroedyi sp. n. (Figs. 17–18)</p><p>Description</p><p>Male. Dark brown. Pronotum rufous.</p><p>Head with shallow roundish impression and inconspicuous longitudinal median groove behind antennal prominence. Antennal sockets separated by approximately half their transverse diameter. Eyes small (interocular distance nearly 5 times as long as the radius). Labrum transverse, with straight margin. Labial and maxillary palpi slender, with ultimate joints almost parallel­sided and flattened distally. Antennae attaining to about elytral middle, with antennomeres 3–11 slightly flattened and almost parallel­sided; antennomere 3 2.4 times longer than antennomere 2 and about 1.25 times shorter than antennomere 4; antennal pubescence sparse and decumbent.</p><p>Pronotum slightly (1.2 times) wider than long, with conspicuous median areola and relatively inconspicuous transverse carinae, more prominent near lateral margins; anterior margin slightly convex; lateral margins almost parallel­sided, slightly incised posteriorly, with hind angles acute. Scutellum elongate, narrowing distally and rounded at apex.</p><p>Elytra long, 3.2 times longer than wide at humeri and 4.2 times longer than pronotum, almost parallel­sided, with 4 equally developed primary costae; interstices with double rows of relatively irregular elongate cells. Decumbent and sparse pubescence distributed along longitudinal costae.</p><p>Legs slender, with conspicuously curved tibiae; metacoxae produced posteriorly into acute spines; tarsomeres 1–4 with plantar pads.</p><p>Aedeagus with robust parameres and relatively short median lobe (Figs. 17–18).</p><p>Length: 5.5–6.2 mm. Width (humerally): 1.3–1.6 mm.</p><p>Female. Similar to male, but antennae shorter and eyes smaller.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype male: S. Afr., N Transvaal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.783333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.033333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.783333/lat -23.033333)">Soutpansbg Hanglip</a>, 23 º02' S – 29 º 47 ' E, grass netting, 14.III. 1973, Endrödy­Younga leg. (TMNH); paratypes, male and female, same label (TMNH and ICM); paratypes, 2 males and female, " Louis Trichardt Hanglip Forestry, 23–24.IV. 1956, v. Son &amp; Vari " (TMNH and ICM) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>A. endroedyi sp. n. differs from the similarly coloured Aferos species by the details of the elongate and slightly flattened dorso­ventrally aedeagus (Figs. 17–18).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Named after Dr. Endrödy­Younga who collected the type series.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF282391218859FED3C1FAFBB8F9B6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.	Kazantsev, Sergey V. (2005): Review of Aferos Kazantsev (Coleoptera, Lycidae), with a note on Staepteron cyanoxanthum (Bourgeois). Zootaxa 830: 1-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.830.1.1
03DF2823912F8858FED3C198FD0CF9E6.text	03DF2823912F8858FED3C198FD0CF9E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aferos natalensis	<div><p>Aferos (s. str.) natalensis sp. n. (Figs. 19–21)</p><p>Description</p><p>Male. Dark brown. Pronotum testaceous.</p><p>Head with shallow roundish impression behind antennal prominence. Antennal sockets separated by approximately third their transverse diameter. Eyes small (interocular distance ca. 5 times as long as the radius). Labrum transverse, straight anteriorly. Mandibles relatively small, only slightly curved. Labial and maxillary palpi slender, with ultimate joints almost parallel­sided and flattened distally. Antennae attaining to elytral middle, with antennomeres 3–11 slightly flattened and nearly parallel­sided; antennomere 3 2.2 times longer than antennomere 2 and ca. 1.3 times shorter than antennomere 4 (Fig. 19); antennal pubescence sparse and decumbent.</p><p>Pronotum square, with conspicuous median areola and inconspicuous transverse carinae, noticeable near lateral margins; anterior margin slightly convex; lateral margins almost parallel­sided, with hind angles slightly produced laterally (Fig. 19). Scutellum elongate, narrowing distally, rounded at apex.</p><p>Elytra long, 3 times longer than wide at humeri and 3.9 times longer than pronotum, almost parallel­sided, with 4 equally developed primary costae; interstices with double rows of irregular elongate cells. Erect pubescence distributed along longitudinal costae. Legs relatively slender, with conspicuously curved tibiae; metatrochanters produced posteriorly into acute spines (Fig. 19 a); tarsomeres 1–4 provided with plantar pads.</p><p>Aedeagus with laterally flattened parameres and bifurcate apex of distal median process (Figs. 20–21).</p><p>Length: 5.0– 5.8 mm. Width (humerally): 1.3–1.5 mm.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype male: S. Afr., Zululand Empangeni Univ ., 10.VII. 1976, P. C. Reavell leg. (TMNH); paratype male: same label (ICM).</p>Diagnosis A. natalensis sp. n. differs from all species ofAferos by the erect hairs of itselytralpubescence, spinose metatrochantersand the shapeof the aedeagus (Figs. 20–21).<p>Etymology</p><p>Named after the type locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF2823912F8858FED3C198FD0CF9E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.	Kazantsev, Sergey V. (2005): Review of Aferos Kazantsev (Coleoptera, Lycidae), with a note on Staepteron cyanoxanthum (Bourgeois). Zootaxa 830: 1-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.830.1.1
03DF2823912E885BFED3C12AFD0DF93E.text	03DF2823912E885BFED3C12AFD0DF93E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aferos rubellus	<div><p>Aferos (s. str.) rubellus sp. n. (Figs. 22–23)</p><p>Description</p><p>Male. Dark brown. Head, palps, except ultimate palpomeres, 2 basal antennomeres, prothorax, procoxae, protrochanters and profemora rufous.</p><p>Head with inconspicuous roundish impression behind antennal prominence. Antennal sockets separated by minute lamina. Eyes small (interocular distance 3.6 times as long as eye radius). Labrum inconspicuous. Mandibles small, strongly curved. Labial and maxillary palpi slender, with ultimate joints dilated and flattened distally. Antennae extending nearly to elytral mid­point; antennomeres 3–11 filiform; antennomere 3 about twice as long as antennomere 2 and 1.5 times shorter than antennomere 4; antennal pubescence sparse and decumbent.</p><p>Pronotum transverse, 1.3 times wider than long, with conspicuous median areola and transverse carinae, more prominent near lateral margins; anterior margin almost straight; lateral margins almost parallel­sided, with slightly produced laterally hind angles. Scutellum elongate, narrowing distally, rounded at apex.</p><p>Elytra long, 3.3 times longer than wide at humeri and 6.25 times longer than pronotum, slightly narrowing posteriorly, with primary costa 2 conspicuously weaker than the rest primary costae in proximal elytral half; costae 3 and 4 more prominent in distal elytral half; interstices with double rows of small regular quadrate cells. Minute, but relatively dense pubescence distributed along costae.</p><p>Legs slender, with conspicuously curved tibiae; tarsomeres 1–4 provided with plantar pads.</p><p>Aedeagus with relatively short, not distally produced parameres and narrowed preapical portion of median lobe (Figs. 22–23).</p><p>Length: 5.9–7.5 mm. Width (humerally): 1.5–2.2 mm.</p><p>Female. Similar to male, but antennae shorter and eyes smaller.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype male: "S. Africa, R. E. Turner, Brit. Mus., 1923 ­ 547 ", " Port St. John, Pondoland, Oct. 1923 " (TMNH); paratypes, male: S.Afr., E Transvaal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.733334/lat -25.533333)">Berlin F. S. gorge</a>, 25 º 32 ' S – 30 º 44 ' E, intercept trap, 42 d., 23.X. 1986, Endrödy­Younga leg. (ICM); female: S. Afr., Tvl, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.55/lat -25.25)">Uitsoek</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.55/lat -25.25)">Grootkloof</a> ind. for. 25 º 15 ' S – 30 º 33 ' E, fungous trunks, 14.XII. 1986, Endrödy­Younga leg. (TMNH).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>A. rubellus sp. n. is evidently close to A. walteri Kazantsev, differing by the relatively short, not distally produced parameres and narrowed preapical portion of median lobe of the aedeagus (Figs. 22–23).</p>EtymologyThe nameis derived from the Latinfor"reddish"alludingtothecoloration oftheheadand prothoraxof the new species.</div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF2823912E885BFED3C12AFD0DF93E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.	Kazantsev, Sergey V. (2005): Review of Aferos Kazantsev (Coleoptera, Lycidae), with a note on Staepteron cyanoxanthum (Bourgeois). Zootaxa 830: 1-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.830.1.1
03DF2823912C885CFED3C62AFC78FDCE.text	03DF2823912C885CFED3C62AFC78FDCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aferos silvestris	<div><p>Aferos (s. str.) silvestris sp. n. (Figs. 24–25)</p><p>Description</p><p>Male. Dark brown. Pronotum rufous.</p><p>Head with shallow roundish impression and inconspicuous longitudinal median groove behind antennal prominence. Antennal sockets separated by approximately half their longitudinal diameter. Eyes small (interocular distance 4.7 times as long as the radius). Labrum transverse, conspicuously convex anteriorly. Labial and maxillary palpi slender, with ultimate joints almost parallel­sided and flattened distally. Antennae extending to elytral mid­point, with antennomeres 3–11 slightly flattened and parallel­sided; antennomere 3 three times longer than antennomere 2 and 1.3 times shorter than antennomere 4; antennal pubescence sparse and decumbent.</p><p>Pronotum almost square, with prominent median areola and inconspicuous transverse carinae, more developed near lateral margins; anterior margin convex; lateral margins almost parallel­sided, very slightly incised posteriorly, with hind angles nearly right. Scutellum elongate, narrowing distally, rounded at apex.</p><p>Elytra long, 3.1 times longer than wide at humeri and 4 times longer than pronotum, slightly widenening posteriorly, with 4 equally developed primary costae; interstices with double rows of small, somewhat irregular elongate cells. Minute and sparse pubescence distributed along longitudinal costae.</p><p>Legs slender, with conspicuously curved tibiae; metacoxae produced posteriorly into acute spines; tarsomeres 1–4 with plantar pads.</p><p>Aedeagus with broad parameres; distal process of median lobe with aculeate ventral surface (Figs. 24–25).</p><p>Length: 6.1 mm. Width (humerally): 1.6 mm.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype male: S. Afr., Tvl, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.55/lat -25.25)">Uitsoek</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.55/lat -25.25)">Grootkloof</a> ind. for. 25 º 15 ' S – 30 º 33 ' E, for. litter, bef. rain, 16.XII. 1986, Endrödy­Younga leg. (TMNH) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>A. silvestris sp. n. differs from other Aferos species with uniformly black elytra by the aculeate ventral surface of the distal process of median lobe of its aedeagus (Figs. 24–25).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The name is derived from the Latin for "of woods" alluding to the fact that the new species was collected in the floor litter of an indigenous forest.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF2823912C885CFED3C62AFC78FDCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.	Kazantsev, Sergey V. (2005): Review of Aferos Kazantsev (Coleoptera, Lycidae), with a note on Staepteron cyanoxanthum (Bourgeois). Zootaxa 830: 1-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.830.1.1
03DF2823912A885FFED3C5C2FD0CFE1B.text	03DF2823912A885FFED3C5C2FD0CFE1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aferos transvaalensis	<div><p>Aferos (s. str.) transvaalensis sp. n. (Figs. 26–28)</p><p>Description</p><p>Male. Dark brown to black. Pronotum rufous.</p><p>Head with shallow roundish impression and inconspicuous longitudinal median groove behind antennal prominence. Antennal sockets separated by approximately their longitudinal diameter. Eyes small (interocular distance nearly 6 times as long as the radius). Labrum transverse, slightly convex anteriorly. Labial and maxillary palpi slender, with ultimate joints almost parallel­sided and flattened distally. Antennae attaining to elytral third, with antennomeres 3–11 flattened and parallel­sided; antennomere 3 2.5 times wider and longer than antennomere 2 and about twice as short as antennomere 4; antennal pubescence sparse and decumbent.</p><p>Pronotum slightly (1.1 times) wider than long, with conspicuous median areola and relatively inconspicuous transverse carinae, more prominent near lateral margins; anterior margin slightly convex; lateral margins almost parallel­sided, slightly incised posteriorly, with hind angles nearly right. Scutellum elongate, narrowing distally, finely emarginate at apex.</p><p>Elytra long, 3.1 times longer than wide at humeri and 4 times longer than pronotum, slightly narrowing posteriorly, with 4 equally developed primary costae; interstices with double rows of relatively irregular subquadrate cells. Minute and sparse pubescence distributed along longitudinal costae.</p><p>Legs relatively robust, with conspicuously curved tibiae; tarsomeres 1–4 provided with plantar pads.</p><p>Aedeagus with outwardly hooked parameres (Figs. 26–28).</p><p>Length: 5.2 –6.0 mm. Width (humerally): 1.5–1.6 mm.</p><p>Female. Similar to male, but antennae shorter.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype male: Transvaal, Drakensberg Mts., 8 mi W of Klaserie, 1000 m, 29.III. 19 (58), E. S. Ross &amp; R. E. Leech coll. (CAS); paratype female: Transvaal, Drakensberg Mts., 12 mi W of Klaserie, 1275 m, 29.III. 19 (58), E. S. Ross &amp; R. E. Leech coll. (CAS).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>A. transvaalensis sp. n. differs from all other Aferos species with uniformly black elytra by the outwardly hooked parameres of its aedeagus (Figs. 26–28).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Named after the type locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF2823912A885FFED3C5C2FD0CFE1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.	Kazantsev, Sergey V. (2005): Review of Aferos Kazantsev (Coleoptera, Lycidae), with a note on Staepteron cyanoxanthum (Bourgeois). Zootaxa 830: 1-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.830.1.1
03DF282391298841FED3C502FBB8FDCE.text	03DF282391298841FED3C502FBB8FDCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aferos youngai	<div><p>Aferos (s. str.) youngai sp. n. (Figs. 29–30)</p><p>Description</p><p>Male. Black. Antennomere 1 anteriorly and metacoxal spines brownish; pronotum rufous.</p><p>Head with shallow roundish impression behind antennal prominence. Antennal sockets separated by approximately half their transverse diameter. Eyes small (interocular distance nearly 6 times as long as the radius). Labrum transverse, almost straight anteriorly. Labial and maxillary palpi slender, with ultimate joints almost parallel­sided and flattened distally. Antennae widening distally, extending nearly to elytral mid­point, with antennomeres 3–11 flattened and almost parallel­sided; antennomere 3 2.4 times longer than antennomere 2 and 1.25 times shorter than antennomere 4; antennal pubescence sparse and decumbent.</p><p>Pronotum slightly (1.1 times) wider than long, with conspicuous median areola and relatively inconspicuous transverse carinae, more prominent near lateral margins; anterior margin convex; lateral margins almost parallel­sided, slightly incised posteriorly, with hind angles slightly produced laterally. Scutellum elongate, narrowing distally, rounded at apex.</p><p>Elytra long, 3.2 times longer than wide at humeri and 4.4 times longer than pronotum, slightly widening posteriorly, with 4 equally developed primary costae; interstices with double rows of irregular elongate cells. Minute and sparse pubescence distributed along longitudinal costae.</p><p>Legs relatively robust; metacoxae produced posteriorly into acute spines; tibiae curved; tarsomeres 1–4 with plantar pads.</p><p>Aedeagus with long, acute distally parameres, narrowed in the middle (Figs. 29–30).</p><p>Length: 6.1–7.2 mm. Width (humerally): 1.5–1.9 mm.</p><p>Female. Similar to male, but more robust, antennae shorter and eyes smaller.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype male: S. Afr., Tv., Nelshoogte, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.833334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.833334/lat -25.783333)">Knuckles Rocks For.</a>, 25 º 47 ' S – 30 º 50 ' E, very wet for. litter, 11.II. 1987, Endrödy­Younga leg. (TMNH); paratype female: S. Afr., Tvl, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.266666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.55/lat -25.266666)">Uitsoek</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.266666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.55/lat -25.266666)">Waterfall area</a>, 25 º 16 ' S – 30 º 33 ' E, beating, 7.II. 1987, Endrödy­Younga leg. (TMNH); paratype male: S. Afr., Tvl, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.55/lat -25.25)">Uitsoek</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.55/lat -25.25)">Grootkloof</a> ind. for. 25 º 15 ' S – 30 º 33 ' E, Cussonia logs, 6.II. 1987, Endrödy­Younga leg. (ICM).</p>DiagnosisA. youngai sp. n. differs from theother species of Aferos by the coloration of antennomere 1 and long, acute distally andnarrowed inthe middle parameres of its aedeagus(Figs. 29–30).<p>Etymology</p><p>Named after Dr. Endrödy­Younga who collected the type series.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF282391298841FED3C502FBB8FDCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.	Kazantsev, Sergey V. (2005): Review of Aferos Kazantsev (Coleoptera, Lycidae), with a note on Staepteron cyanoxanthum (Bourgeois). Zootaxa 830: 1-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.830.1.1
