taxonID	type	description	language	source
03DF2D200542337B3FB309A68E38FAAD.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype Hanry Lengkong collected specimen from Manado, Indonesia (HL) 11131 (field no. RA- 2). It was caught on November 7 th 2013 over the grassland, at 14 m above the sea level, Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (N 01032,262 ’, E 125012,281 ’). The specimen was adult male, testes swollen, 74 grams BW, skull and dentary separated. Fresh specimens were preserved in 70 % alcohol, meters Parasitype Nine specimens were collected by Hanry lengkong from moss forest, submontana forest, owl and forest, casuarine forest, coastal forest, shrub and grassland near the holotype location. The specimens were: • HL 11132 (field no. RA- 19): adult male, testes swollen, 73 grams BW, caught at 15 m above sea level (N 01032,883 ’, E 125012,543 ’) • HL 11133 (field no. RA- 62): Adult female, unswollen nipples, 66 grams BW, caught at 192 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 11134 (field no. RA- 77): Adult female, unswollen nipples, 54 grams BW, caught at 1.109 m above sea level (N 01031,115 ’, E 125011,093 ’) • HL 11135 (field no. RA- 78): Adult male, unswollen testes, 67 grams BW, caught at 1.109 m above sea level (N 01031,115 ’, E 125011,093 ’) • HL 11136 (field no. RA- 113): Adult male, unswollen testes, 59 grams BW, caught at 55 m above sea level (N 01033,429 ’, E 125009,359 ’) • HL 11137 (field no. RA- 140): Adult male, slightly swollen testes, 65 grams BW, caught at 514 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 11138 (field no. RA- 145), adult female, swollen nipples without bite marks, 69 grams BW, caught at 514 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 11139 (field no. RA- 153), adult female, swollen nipples without out bite marks, 94 grams BW, caught at 824 m above sea level (N 01031,505 ’, E 125011,117 ’) • HL 111310 (field no. RA- 158), adult female, unswollen nipples, 54 grams BW, caught at 712 m above sea level (N 01031,193 ’, E 125012,266 ’)	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D200542337B3FB309A68E38FAAD.taxon	distribution	Distribution The specimens were found in Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D200542337B3FB309A68E38FAAD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis R. amplexicaudatus has bigger size than average of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. but smaller than the average of R. celebensis for all characters, including POW, FA, HF and EAR (Table 1).	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D200542337B3FB309A68E38FAAD.taxon	description	Description All bats were described directly in the sanctuary of Gunung Duasudara. R. amplexicaudatus specimen was compared with R. celebensis and R. tangkokoensis n. sp. (Fig. 1). Pelage The color of shoulder pelage was greyish brown to brown, chest to belly was slightly bright grey brown, neck was gery brown with yellow hair bundle on both neck sides, top of head was slightly dark grey brown. There was no dense hair up to around the thigh, the wing is hairy and no wing attached onto shoulder side. External Body R. amplexicaudatus bats possessed longer SV, FL, TIB and TAIL than R. celebensis and R. tangkokoensis n. sp.; meanwhile the FA, HF and EAR are bigger than those of R. celebensis but smaller than those of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. Skull R. amplexicaudatus had longer GSL, BL, LIW and POW than those in R. celebensis and R. tangkokoensis n. sp.; meanwhile the ZB, BCW, MSF, PL, CBL and CCL are bigger than those in R. tangkokoensis n. sp. but smaller than those in R. celebensis. Teeth and Dentary R. amplexicaudatus specimen had longer M 3 M 3, M 3 M 3 and RAP than R. celebensis and R. tangkokoensis n. sp.; the C 1 M 3, C 1 M 3, C 1 C 1, C 1 C 1 and DL are also bigger than those in R. tangkokoensis n. sp. but smaller than those in R. celebensis. Biological Condition Ninety-eight adult males possessed reproductive condition (63 unswollen testes, 9 slightly swollen testes and 26 swollen testes) and 126 adult females had reproductive condition (60 unswollen nipples, 16 slightly swollen, 23 swollen nipples without bite marks, 24 swollen nipples with bite marks and 3 pregnant).	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D200542337B3FB309A68E38FAAD.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat Two-hundred seventy-nine bats were caught using bat nets at 1 and 3 m above the ground in moss forest, submontana forest, lowland forest, casuarine forest, shrub and grassland in rainy and dry seasons.	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054333783C1D0A428EB4F994.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype Hanry Lengkong collected the specimens from Manado, Indonesia (HL) 111311 (field no. RC- 1). It was caught on December 6 th, 2013, in moss vegetation, at 1.037 m above sea level, Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (N 01031, 271 ’, E 125011, 169 ’). The specimens were adult male, unswollen testes, 44 grams BW. Skull and dentary were seperated then preserved in 70 % alcohol. Parasitype Nine specimens were collected by Hanry lengkong from vegetations of moss forest, submontana forest, lowland forest, casuarine forest, coastal forest, shrub and grassland near the holotype location. The specimens were: • HL 111312 (field no. RC- 84), adult female, swollen nipples without bite marks, 41 grams BW, caught at 1.109 m above sea level (N 01031,115 ’, E 125011,093 ’) • HL 111313 (field no. RC- 94), adult male, slightly swollen testes), 95 grams BW, caught at 1.109 m above sea level (N 01031,115, E 125011,093 ’) • HL 111314 (field no. RC- 129), adult female, unswollen nipples, 42 grams BW, caught at 996 m above sea level (N 01030,809 ’, E 125011,076 ’) • HL 111315 (field no. RC- 137), adult male, slightly swollen testis, 90 grams BW, caught at 712 m above sea level (N 01031,193 ’, E 125012,266 ’) • HL 111316 (field no. RC- 173), adult female, unswollen nipples, 55 grams BW, caught at 514 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 111317 (field no. RC- 190), adult male, unswollen testes, 75 grams BW, caught at 389 m above sea level (N 01030,620 ’, E 125013,201 ’) • HL 111318 (field no. RC- 198), adult female, unswollen nipples, 58 grams BW, caught at 1.351 m above sea level (N 01028,991 ’, E 125010,291 ’) • HL 111319 (field no. RC- 199), adult male, unswollen testes, 67 grams BW, caught at 1.345 m above sea level (N 01029,022 ’, E 125010,344 ’) • HL 111320 (field no. RC- 204), adult female, unswollen nipples, 56 grams BW, caught at 55 m above sea level (N 01033,429 ’, E 125009,359 ’)	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054333783C1D0A428EB4F994.taxon	distribution	Distribution Those specimens found in Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054333783C1D0A428EB4F994.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis R. celebensis has the biggest skull and external body characters. It is different from R. amplexicaudatus and R. tangkokoensis n. sp. since it possesses many larger characters despite represented only by the following skull characters, including: GSL of 37.30, ZB of 22.20, BCW of 14.48, MSF of 5.07, PL of 17.99, CBL of 35.41, CCL of 33.44, C 1 M 3 of 13.10, C 1 C 1 of 6.74, DL of 27.67, C 1 M 3 of 14.17, C 1 C 1 of 4.09 (Table 1).	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054333783C1D0A428EB4F994.taxon	description	Description All bats were described directly in Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary. R. celebensis specimen was compared with that of R. amplexicaudatus and R. tangkokoensis n. sp. (Fig. 4). Pelage The color of shoulder pelage was brown to yellowish brown, chest to belly was slightly bright yellowish brown, neck was dark orange, top head was slightly dark yellowish brown. They had dense pelage around the thigh, hairy wings and no wing attaching onto the shoulder side. External Body R. celebensis had shorter SV, FA, TIB, HF and EAR than those in R. amplexicaudatus and R. tangkokoensis n. sp.; FL and TAIL are longer than those in R. tangkokoensis n. sp., but smaller than those in R. amplexicaudatus. Skull R. celebensis had longer GSL, ZB, BCW, BL, MSF, PL, CBL and CCL than those in R. amplexicaudatus and R. tangkokoensis n. sp.; meanwhile the LIW was larger than that in R. tangkokoensis n. sp. but smaller than that in R. amplexicaudatus; POW was larger than that in R. amplexicaudatus but smaller than that in R. tangkokoensis n. sp. Teeth and Dentary R. celebensis had longer C 1 M 3, C 1 M 3, C 1 C 1, C 1 C 1 and DL than those in R. tangkokoensis n. sp. and R. amplexicaudatus; the M 3 M 3, M 3 M 3 and RAP were bigger than those in R. tangkokoensis n. sp. but smaller than those in R. amplexicaudatus. Biological Condition Ninety adult males had reproductive condition (76 had unswollen testes, 3 had slightly swollen testes and 11 had swolllen testes) and 123 adult females had reproductive condition (76 had unswollen nipples, 9 had slightly swollen nipples and 20 had swollen nipples without bite marks, 9 had swollen nipples with bite marks and 9 pregnant).	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054333783C1D0A428EB4F994.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat Two-hundred sixty-one individuals were caught one time in rainy and dry seasons by using bat nets at 1 and 3 m above the ground in moss forest, submontana forest, lowland forest, casuarine forest, coastal forest and shrub.	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054033763C1D092B8F19FA58.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype Hanry Lengkong was collected the specimens from Manado, Indonesia (HL) 111321 (field no. RT- 1). It was caught on June 5 th, 2013, lowland forest at 514 m above sea level, Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’). The specimes were adult female, swollen nipples with bite marks), 84 grams BW. Their skull and dentary were separated then preserved in 70 % alcohol. Parasitype Eight specimen collected by Hanry lengkong in lowland forest and coastal forest near holotype location. The specimens were: • HL 111322 (field no. RT- 2): adult female, unswollen nipples, 72 grams BW, caught at 495 m above sea level (N 01030,779 ’, E 125013,543 ’) • HL 111323 (field no. RT- 3): adult male, swollen testes, 86.0 grams BW, caught at 514 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 111324 (field no. RT- 4): adult female, unswollen nipples, 72 grams BW, caught at 514 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 111325 (field no. RT- 5), adult male, swollen testes, 83 grams BW, caught at 514 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 111326 (field no. RT- 6), adult female, swollen nipples with bite marks), 83 grams BW, caught at 514 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 111327 (field no. RT- 7), adult male, unswollen testes, 77 grams BW, caught at 514 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 111328 (field no. RT- 8), adult female, swollen nipples without bite marks, 82 grams BW, caught at 514 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’) • HL 111329 (field no. RT- 9), adult male, unswollen testes, 72 grams BW, caught at 192 m above sea level (N 01030,872 ’, E 125013,516 ’)	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054033763C1D092B8F19FA58.taxon	etymology	Ethimology The new species which is proposed using the name of Tangkoko Mt. occuring in the sanctuary area was collected by Hanry Lengkong from Manado, Indonesia. The new species is (HL) 111321 had been found in Gunung Duasudara, which the only area known where this species was collected.	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054033763C1D092B8F19FA58.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis The color of outer appearance of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. was blackish orange shoulder, while R. amplexicaudatus was greyish brown to brown and R. celebensis was brown to yellowish brown. The color of chest to belly of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. was slightly bright orange, while R. amplexicaudatus was slightly bright grey brown and R. celebensis was slightly yelowish brown. The top head of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. was colored slightly dark orange, while R. amplexicaudatus was slightly dark grey brown and R. celebensis was slightly yellowish brown. The neck of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. was colored dark orange, while R. amplexicaudatus was grey brown with yellow hair bundle on both sides of the neck and R. celebensis was dark orange. The pelage of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. and R. amplexicaudatus was similar since it did not possessing dense pelage up to around the thigh, while R. celebensis had dense pelage around the thigh. Next similarity between R. tangkokoensis n. sp., R. amplexicaudatus and R. celebensis is they had hairy wings attaching on the back side, not on the their shoulder sides (Fig. 4). R. tangkokoensis n. sp. had bigger and smaller skull characters than those in R. amplexicaudatus and R. celebensis. The former is POW (8.99 mm; 8.60 - 9.70 mm); the latter is GSL (34.67 mm; 30.30 - 37 mm). The other characters are ZB (20.79 mm; 18.00 - 24.40 mm), LIW (7.18 mm; 6.70 - 8.30 mm), BCW (14.15 mm; 13.70 - 14.70 mm), BL (2.60 mm; 2.40 - 2.80 mm), MSF (4.54 mm; 4.10 - 5.00 mm), PL (16.34 mm; 14.60 - 17.60 mm), CBL (33.11 mm; 28.00 - 36.50 mm), CCL (31.84 mm; 27.50 - 34.90 mm), C 1 M 3 (11.27 mm; 9.30 - 12.60 mm), C 1 C 1 (6.12 mm; 5.50 - 7.30 mm), M 3 M 3 (9.13 mm; 8.80 - 9.80 mm), DL (25.72 mm; 23.00 - 28.30 mm), RAP width (10.38 mm; 9.50 - 11.80 mm), C 1 M 3 (12.33 mm; 10.10 - 14.90 mm), C 1 C 1 (3.79 mm; 3.50 - 4.20 mm) and M 3 M 3 (8.84 mm; 8.20 - 9.50 mm). The external body characters of R. tangkokoensis n. sp., (FA, HF, EAR and TAIL) were bigger than those of R. amplexicaudatus and R. celebensis. Furthermore, SV distance of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. is also bigger than that of R. celebensis. TIB of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. is bigger than R. amplexicaudatus. Otherwise, the FL of R. tangkokoensis n. sp. is smaller than R. amplexicaudatus. Overall, R. tangkokoensis n. sp. had small-sized characters, except for POW, FA, HF and EAR, which are bigger than those of R. amplexicaudatus and R. celebensis (Table 1). Beside differences among species above, Suyanto (2001) stated that these were only based on the size lower arm wing and the presence or absence of wing attaching on the middle of shoulder. In both characters, R. tangkokoensis n. sp. is consistent with typical characteristics of Rousettus. Under this reason, the species is classified in a member of Rousettus. Comparing R. tangkokoensis n. sp. with other studies on R. amplexicaudatus based on one the body sizes, their FA length is about 82.22 - 86.76 mm (Payne and Francis, 1985) and FA length is about 77 - 87.2 mm (Suyanto, 2001). Apparently, the R. tangkokoensis n. sp. is nearly similar to R. amplexicaudatus. Bergmans and Rosendaal (1988) measured 14 male R. amplexicaudatus from Sulawesi. Their FA length is about 81.55 (77.3 - 85.6 mm), ZB length is 22.3 (20.7 - 23.3 mm), GSL length is 36.85 (35.2 - 38.5 mm) and CBL length is 35.4 (34.2 - 37.2 mm). It is apparently R. amplexicaudatus have similarity with the R. tangkokoensis n. sp body size, yet it has bigger skull than R. tangkokoensis n. sp., but with R. spinalatus, it had similar FA, 85.1 mm. Maryanto and Yani (2003) measured the several characters of 12 males R. celebensis in Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense and determinded their length for these several characters: FA 75.81 mm (72.61 - 79.41 mm), GSL 39.46 mm (38.75 - 40.64 mm), ZB 23.59 mm (22.02 - 25.12 mm), CBL 37.57 mm (36.48 - 38.66 mm) and POW 7.69 (7.26 - 8.47 mm). They also measured the several characters from 4 males R. linduensis from Sulawesi. The measured ofthe length for these characters were: FA 76.73 mm (75.64 - 77.54 mm), GSL 39.38 mm (38.81 - 39.70 mm), ZB 24.08 mm (23.93 - 24.25 mm), CBL 37.47 mm (37.2 - 37.63 mm) and POW 7.07 mm (7.02 - 7.14 mm). In ferential, R. celebensis and R. linduensis have smaller body size and entirely larger skull, except the POW size. Rookmaker and Bergmans (1981) measuerd the body size of R. leschenaultii from Indonesia. R. tangkokoensis n. sp. has smaller body size and skull compared with R. leschenaultii. R. leschenaultii has FA length about 84.0 - 90.36 mm, GSL 40.3 - 43.6 mm and ZB 24.8 - 27.6 mm, respectively. Moreover, R. tangkokoensis n. sp. compared with R. egyptiacus (FA of 85 - 101.9 mm) (Grzimek, 2003; Kwiecinski and Griffin, 1999) and R. madagascar (FA of 119 - 140 mm) (Bergmans, 1997; Bush Warriors, 2013; Jenkins and Racey, 2008; McNab, 1969), it is apparent that R. tangkokoensis n. sp. be smaller than R. egyptiacus and R. madagascar.	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054033763C1D092B8F19FA58.taxon	description	Description All bats were described directly in Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary. R. tangkokoensis n. sp. specimens were compared with those of R. amplexicaudatus and R. celebensis. Pelage The color of shoulder pelage is blackish orange to orange, chest to belly is slightly bright, neck is dark orange, top head is slightly dark orange. There is no dense pelage around the thigh. They have unhairy wings and no wing attaching on the shoulder sides. External Body R. tangkokoensis n. sp. has longer FA, HF, EAR. They have smaller FL and shorter TAIL than those of R. amplexicaudatus and R. celebensis and longer Snot-Vent (SV) than that of R. celebensis. Skull R. tangkokoensis n. sp. has big POW and small GSL, ZB, LIW, BCW, BL, MSF, PL, CBL and CCL. Teeth and Dentary R. tangkokoensis n. sp. has small C 1 M 3, small C 1 M 3, small C 1 C 1, small C 1 C 1, small M 3 M 3, small M 3 M 3, short DL and small RAP. Biological Condition Four male specimens have reproductive condition (two of them have unswollen testes and the rest have swollen testes) and 5 adult female specimens have reproductive condition (two have unswollen nipples, 1 have swollen nipples without bite mark and 2 have swollen nipples with bite marks).	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
03DF2D20054033763C1D092B8F19FA58.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat Nine bats were caught when rainy and dry seasons using bat nets at 1 and 3 m above the ground in lowland forest and coastal forest.	en	Lengkong, Hanry Jefry, Arisoesilaningsih, Endang, Hakim, Luchman, Sudarto (2016): Morphological Variations and New Species Description of Genus Rousettus; Bat from Gunung Duasudara Sanctuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 16 (2): 90-101, DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101, URL: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2016.90.101
