taxonID	type	description	language	source
03DE423EFFD85424C485F8AD8203F890.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Parsonsia bogotensis is most similar to P. flexilis, P. tiebaghiensis and P. urceolata with its inserted stamens but differs from P. flexilis by its corolla and calyx glabrous outside. Among the species with inserted stamens and glabrous corolla, it differs from P. tiebaghiensis by its rows of hairs inside the corolla, and from P. urceolata by its leaves, glabrous on both sides and with a longer petiole.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD85424C485F8AD8203F890.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Bogota, Canala, elev. 517 m, 21 ° 29 ’ 33.18 ’’ S, 166 ° 00 ’ 42.97 ’’ E, 17 June 2022, Fleurot D. & Toussi A. 939 (holotype NOU [NOU 092405!]; isotype P [P 01139663!]). Small climber with twining stems, stems up to 3 meters long, up to 2 mm in diameter on young stems (herbarium specimens), young stems glabrous; latex white. Leaves opposite, subcoriaceous, green adaxially, light green abaxially, petiole (9.5 –) 11 – 13 (– 13.5) mm long, 1 – 1.5 mm wide, usually green, glabrous, two deltoid inter-petiolar tooth-like colleters present on each side of petiole base; lamina lanceolate, (56 –) 62.5 – 70.3 (– 71.6) × (20.7 –) 21 – 21.2 (– 21.3) mm, apex acuminate; base rounded to cuneate, both surfaces glabrous, leaf venation regularly pennate, with secondary veins visible on both surfaces on dry and living material. Inflorescence a loose axillary panicle, axes green, primary axes 25 × 2 mm, glabrous, pedicels (4.9 –) 5.9 – 7.5 (– 7.6) mm long, slightly puberulent, bracts ca. 0.5 mm long, narrowly lanceolate. Flower 5 - merous, narrowly urceolate, (4.7 –) 5.1 – 5.8 (– 7.4) × 2 – 3 (– 3.3) mm. Calyx lobes appressed to corolla, broadly deltoid, obtuse at apex, ca. 0.6 × 0.7 mm, green to reddish or whitish, glabrous. Corolla white, with 5 rows of ca. 0.5 mm long retrorse hairs on inner surface from throat to halfway in the tube, glabrous outside, tube (2.6 –) 2.8 – 3.4 (– 4.3) × (1.6 –) 2 – 2.1 (– 2.5) mm, lobes deltoid, spreading, (1.6 –) 1.6 × 1.9 (– 2.6) × (0.7 –) 0.9 × 1.3 (– 1.5) mm. Anther cone 1.3 – 2 mm long, entirely inserted; filaments 1 – 1.3 mm, hairy on abaxial surface. Ovary ovoid, ca. 1 × 0.7 mm, glabrous, circled by 5 glabrous scales ca. 1 × 0.5 mm. Style glabrous ca. 1.8 mm long, stigma fusiform ca. 0.4 mm long. Fruit cylindrical, ca. 11 × 0.8 cm, acute at apex, glabrous.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD85424C485F8AD8203F890.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — The species is only known from two herbarium collections with precise location on the Bogota peninsula, and a picture from the Poro valley. It is only known at low elevation, from almost sea level to 517 m elev. and grows in shrublands on ultramafic substrates. Phenology: — From herbarium specimens and pictures available, flowers can be seen almost all year round. Fruits are known in May and June.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD85424C485F8AD8203F890.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The species is named after the Bogota peninsula, the only location where recent herbarium specimens were collected. Conservation status: — This species has been evaluated by the Red List Authority of New Caledonia (RLA-NC plants) as Endangered on criteria B, with bushfires and mining exploitation considered as threats to the known localities. Notes: — Some specimens of this new species had been identified as Parsonsia effusa Moore (1921) by Boiteau (1981), perhaps due to the resemblance of both species on sterile material, and the resemblance of flowers at first glance. However, more recent observations, and especially field pictures showed that this species had inserted stamens, thus being closer to P. flexilis in Boiteau’s (1981) revision, but glabrous outer corolla surface, thus being a new and distinct species.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD85424C485F8AD8203F890.taxon	description	Specimens examined: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Canala, November 1869, Balansa 2413 (P 04216096! d; P 04216098! d; P 04216099! d); sin. loc., Deplanche 227 (P 04216092! d); Entre Thio et Houaïlou, 1910, Fetscherin s. n. (P 04216057! d); Presqu’île de Bogota, elev. 250 m, 29 August 1989, MacKee 44566 (P 04548440! d).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD85424C485F8AD8203F890.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — The species is known from the southern half of Grande Terre, on ultramafic substrates (Fig. 3). It grows in shrublands (locally known as “ maquis minier ”) or at rainforest edges. Phenology: — From herbarium specimens and field observations, flowers can be seen all year round. Fruits are known from February to August. Conservation status: — This species has been evaluated by the RLA-NC plants as Least Concern, regarding its relatively common distribution (Endemia & RLA Flore NC, 2022).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD85424C485F8AD8203F890.taxon	description	Notes: — Boiteau (1981: 277) cited the specimen Pancher s. n. as type of P. carnea. Two specimens with Pancher’s typical blue labels and annoted by Pancher himself as “ Parsonsia carnea ” from “ Landes sur sols ferrugineux ” were retrieved at P (P 04216011 and P 04216012). We propose to select P 04216012 as the second step lectotype because it is the only one annotated in Baillon’s hand as “ Parsonsia carnea Panch. ” and in accordance with the protologue “ Pancher, N. Caledonia, in aridis ferruginosis ”. Schlechter (1906) described P. micans based on his own gathering Schlechter 15225. Since the original holotype was probably destroyed in the Berlin herbarium during World War II, a lectotypification is thus recommended and was implicitly done by Boiteau (1981: 277) who designated a K specimen as the “ type ” (i. e. lectotype) of the name. Two specimens were retrieved in P and K (P 04216015, K 000857619). The K specimen (the image shows only half of the sheet and the specimen has mature flowers – contacted, Sally Dawson of K herbarium confirmed that no material was hidden on the other half of the sheet) does not bear Schlechter’s field number but was collected the same day, at the same place, and was identified as “ Parsonsia micans n. sp. ” by Schlechter himself. The P specimen bears Schlechter’s collecting number but the flowers are at the bud stage. There is no sign of typification by Boiteau on both sheets but we have to follow Boiteau’s (1981: 277) lectotypification by choosing the K specimen as the lectotype and by adding the P one as an isolectotype. Schlechter (1906) described P. lanceolata based on Schlechter 15227. No specimen of this collection was retrieved during this study and we suppose the only specimen was destroyed in B during World War II. Schlechter described P. lanceolata as close to Parsonsia flexuosa Baill. but without detailing the differences. Later, Guillaumin (1941) included the species within his key but cited no specimen; we thus suppose that he based his work only on Schlechter’s protologue. In this key, P. lanceolata was included within the species complex here represented by P. carnea and P. rigida. The species was supposed to differ from all others by the leaves glabrous below, lamina cuneate at base, and acute at top. Finally, Boiteau (1981) included the species as synonym of P. flexuosa, but Schlechter 15227 was not cited as studied material. Here again we suppose he based his work on previous revisions, but did not see the specimen. Regarding Schlechter’s (1906) protologue, Schlechter 15227 has large loose inflorescences (ca. 8 cm wide in diameter), with glabrous pedicel 0.7 cm long and corolla about 0.6 cm long. According to these characters, together with the leaf shape, we conclude that this name should be synonymized under P. carnea as circumscribed here. Moreover, this specimen was probably collected the same day and not far from Schlechter 15225, type of Parsonsia micans Schltr. here considered synonym of P. carnea. In addition, the name P. lanceolata Schltr. is illegitimate because Brown (1810 b) already published this binomial for an Australian species. Specimen examined: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Montagne du lac près de Canala, 1869, Delacour s. n. (P 04245464! d); Montagnes ferrugineuses de Kanala, 1861, Deplanche 71 (P 04255966! d, P 04255967! d, P 04255973! d); Presqu’Ile de Bogota, 22 August 1965, MacKee 13325 (P 04255928! d); Canala Bogota, elev. 550 m, 21 ° 29 ’ 40 ” S, 166 ° 0 ’ 54 ” E, 24 June 2014, Vandrot 874 (NOU 064858!); Montagnes ferrugineuses de Kanala, 1866, Vieillard 2987 (P 04255976! d, P 04255977! d); Balade, 1855, Vieillard 984 bis (P 04223999! d); Canala, 23 February 1912, s. coll. 554, (Z- 000030483! d).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD85424C485F8AD8203F890.taxon	materials_examined	NEW CALEDONIA. South province: Montagne des Sources, 24 January 1950, Baas-Becking 5953 (Z- 000034003! d); Montagne des Sources, 24 January 1951, Baas-Becking 5954, (Z- 000030487! d); Baie des Pirogues, 12 March 1950, Baas-Becking 5991 (Z- 000034011! d); Baie des Pirogues, 12 March 1950, Baas-Becking 5992 (Z- 000030485! d); Mont Mi, 25 March 1869, Balansa 1411 (P 04223986! d); entre St. Louis et Ounia, 1868, Balansa 1412 (P 04223988! d, P 04223991! d); entre St. Louis et Ounia, 21 December 1868, Balansa 1412 a, (P 04223990! d); entre St. Louis et Ounia, 21 December 1868, Balansa 1412 b (P 04223992! d, P 04223993! d); Bord de la Kouvélé, 30 January 1869, Balansa 1412 c (P 04223989! d); Cours supérieur de la Tamoa, 01 April 1870, Balansa 2827 (P 04216017! d); Embouchure du Dotio, 01 December 1871, Balansa 3481 (P 04216008! d); A l’embouchure du Tio, 01 May 1872, Balansa 3648 (P 04216010! d); Mine Galliéni, 13 December 1977, Bamps 5970 (NOU 058912!, P 04548456! d, L. 3719473! d); Dumbéa, Baudouin 536 (P 04223982! d); Dumbéa, Baudouin 928 (P 04255980! d); Montagne des Sources, 24 January 1950, Baumann-Bodenheim 5953 (P 04223940! d); Montagne des Sources, 24 January 1950, Baumann-Bodenheim 5954 (P 04223995! d); Marais Kiki, 28 September 1950, Baumann-Bodenheim 6381 (L. 3719447! d, P 04255961! d, US 2316467! d, Z- 000034008! d, Z- 000034009! d); Baie des Pirogues, 05 February 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim 10145 (P 04223963! d); Route de Yaté km 40, 21 February 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim & Guillaumin 10752 (L. 3719451! d, P 04255986! d, Z- 000034007! d); Rivière Bleue, 22 February 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim & Guillaumin 10972 (L. 3719449! d, P 04223943! d); Mt Dore, 21 March 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim & Guillaumin 11333 (L. 3719445! d, P 04255985! d); Mt Dore, 21 March 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim & Guillaumin 11425 (L. 3719546! d, P 04223942! d, Z- 000030490! d); Rivière des Pirogues sup., 29 March 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim & Guillaumin 11578 (L. 3719448! d, P 04255963! d, P 04255984! d, US 2316596! d, US 2316597! d, Z- 000034004! d); Madeleine, 30 March 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim & Guillaumin 11744 (L. 3719452! d, P 04223945! d, Z- 000030499! d); Madeleine, 30 March 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim & Guillaumin 11804 (L. 3719453! d, P 04255983! d, Z- 000034002! d); Ouroué, 29 July 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim 14369 (P 04223998! d, Z- 000034019! d); Baie de Prony - Route De Prony - Carénage, 30 January 1964, Blanchon 606 (NOU 058952!, P 04255933! d); Plaine des Lacs, 13 March 1964, Blanchon 727 (NOU 058919!); Plaine des Lacs, 13 March 1964, Blanchon 728 (P 04223961! d); Route de la Rivière Blanche, Blanchon 1114 (NOU 058916!, P 04223964! d); Baie des Pirogues, 05 February 1951, Brunelet 10145 (Z- 000034091! d); Thio, basse Nèbürü, elev. 100 m, 21 ° 40 ’ 37 ” S, 166 ° 12 ’ 36 ” E, 01 October 2019, Bruy 1471 (NOU 106861!, P 00971332!); Plaine des Lacs, 09 December 1947, Buchholz 1470 / 1970 A, (P 04216005! d, US 1968884! d); On east slope of Mt Dore road to Plum, elev. 50 m, 02 February 1948, Buchholz 1623 (P 04223972! d); Plaine des Lacs, 19 January 1978, Cabalion 356 (P 05264004! d, P 04910819! d); Route menant au sommet du Mont Do, elev. 730 m, 21 ° 45 ’ 56 ” S, 166 ° 0 ’ 11 ” E, 20 January 2010, Callmander, Buerki et al. 804 (MO 100245321! d, NOU 053223!, P 04575617! d); Rivière Comboui, Compton 2219 (P 04223974! d, P 04223977! d); Prony, Cribs 1608, (P 04223978! d); Sin. loc., Cribs s. n., (P 04223980! d); Sud-ouest du Mamié, elev. 550 m, 15 March 2000, Dagostini 235 (NOU 058940!); Massif du Mamié, 5 November 2005, Dagostini 1355 (NOU 023778!); über der Hermitage am Mt. Koghis, 31 January 1926, Däniker 2722 (Z- 000034096! d, Z- 000034097! d); Prony, 5 February 1926, Däniker 2754 (Z- 000034095! d); Prony, 4 February 1926, Däniker 2754 a (Z- 000034093! d); Prony, 5 February 1926, Däniker 2755 (Z- 000030484! d); Baie Ngo, 4 February 1926, Däniker 2766 (Z- 000034094! d); Route de Yaté, 10 February 1975, Debray 2179 (P 04910821! d); Route de Yaté, 28 March 1975, Debray 2238 (P 04910822! d); Port Boisé, Deplanche 285 (P 04255970! d); sin. loc., 1861, Deplanche 292 (P 04216019! d); sin. loc., 1861, Deplanche 293 (P 04255968! d); sin. loc., 1861, Deplanche 293 (P 04255969! d); Mt. du Puy, 1861, Deplanche 73 (P 00624943! d, P 00624944! d, P 04255978! d); Bord de la Dumbéa, 25 December 1911, Franc 26 (P 04223976! d); sin. loc., Franc 422 A, (P 04223983! d, P 04223985! d, Z- 000030498! d); Prony, August 1913, Franc 1652 A (P 04223984! d, P 04216007! d, Z- 000030497! d); Prony, August 1913, Franc 1652 B (P 04223981! d, Z- 000030496! d); Ile Ouen, elev. 81 m, 22 ° 25 ’ 4 ” S, 166 ° 49 ’ 57 ” E, 16 August 2016, Gâteblé 969 (NOU 105496!); Rivière des Lacs, 6 October 1950, Guillaumin & Baumann-Bodenheim 6611 (P 04255992! d); Presqu’Ile Ducos, 28 February 1951, Guillaumin 11055 (P 04223994! d); Ile des Pins, 1 April 1951, Guillaumin & Baumann-Bodenheim 12015 (P 04255962! d, Z- 000034005! d); Pouéta Kouré, 10 May 1951, Guillaumin & Baumann-Bodenheim 13323 (L. 3719450! d, Z- 000034006! d); Pouéta Kouré, 28 December 1950, Hürlimann 207 (P 04223941! d, US 2316377! d, Z- 000030489! d); Pouéta Kouré, elev. 500 m, 31 December 1950, Hürlimann 556 (P 04223997! d, Z- 000030488! d); Kuébini, 10 January 1951, Hürlimann 590 (P 04255987! d, Z- 000034010! d); Fausse Yaté, 12 January 1951, Hürlimann 649 (P 04255965! d, Z- 000030500! d); Secteur du Mont Dore, 4 January 1978, Jaffré 2125 (NOU 058942!); Route de Yaté, 20 January 1978, Jaffré 2258 (NOU 058950!, P 04910809! d); Mount Koghis, 14 March 1949, Lam 7193 (L. 2706405! d); Mont Do, elev. 1000 m, 1 February 1984, Lauri 145 (NOU 058923!); Dumbéa, 1903, Le Rat 121 (P 04224000! d); Plum, Le Rat 257 - 3 (P 04255994! d); Plum, Le Rat 257 - 5 (P 04223987! d); Zone maritime de Prony, Le Rat 329 (P 04255991! d); Mt Dzumac, Le Rat 611 (P 04255996! d); Caricouié, 1903, Le Rat 432 (P 04255990! d); sin. loc., Le Rat 527 (P 04255989! d, P 04255995! d); Mont Dzumac, January 1909, Le Rat 109 x (P 04255993! d); Plaine des lacs, elev. 400 m, 14 December 1949, MacDaniels 2520 (P 04255988! d); Plaine des Lacs, elev. 150 m, 21 January 1955, MacKee 1959, (L. 2706400! d, P 04223960! d, US 2187139! d); Yaté Road, elev. 200 m, 30 January 1955, MacKee 2046 (L. 2706401! d, P 04255964! d, US 2192522! d); Route de la Montagne des Sources, 2 January 1956, MacKee 3715 (L. 2706402! d, P 04223965! d, P 04223968! d); Vallée de Dumbéa: en-dessous du Barrage, elev. 100 m, 17 March 1956, MacKee 4089 (P 04223967! d); Vallée de Dumbéa en-dessous du Barrage, elev. 100 m, 17 March 1956, MacKee 4090 (P 04223970! d); Vallée de Dumbéa: au-dessus du barrage, elev. 100 m, 22 ° 8 ’ 26.016 S, 166 ° 31 ’ 21.000 E, 12 May 1956, MacKee 4539 (L. 2706403! d, P 04223969! d); Route de la Montagne des Sources, elev. 500 m, 27 October 1956, MacKee 5664 (P 04223971! d); Upper Tontouta Valley Near Mine Galliéni, 25 December 1960, MacKee 7747 (L. 2706399! d, P 04223973! d, US 2375589! d); Vallée Dumbéa, elev. 30 m, 3 March 1965, MacKee 12183 (P 04255936! d); Vallée de la Ouinné, elev. 500 m, 8 July 1965, MacKee 12917 (P 04216002! d); Basse Vallée de Thio, elev. 10 m, 25 February 1966, MacKee 14470 (P 04255953! d); Kuébini, elev. 10 m, 6 March 1966, MacKee 14494 (P 04216016! d); Le Carénage (Baie de Prony), elev. 10 – 100 m, MacKee 14502 (L. 2703049! d, P 04255927! d); Thio Koundi, 5 February 1967, MacKee 16387 (P 04255954! d); Thio, Vallée de La Nembrou, 4 March 1967, MacKee 16469 (P 04223966! d); Monts Kouanénoa, elev. 200 m, 31 January 1969, MacKee 20232 (P 04223957! d); Mt. Tonta: Pente au-dessus Mine Lilliane, elev. 500 m, 6 November 1970, MacKee 22980 (NOU 058945!, P 04255926! d); Prony le Carénage, 3 March 1971, MacKee 23379 (L. 2703051! d, NOU 058931!, P 04255931! d); Yaté: Hauteurs à l’Est du Barrage, elev. 350 m, 23 March 1971, MacKee 23455 (P 04223954! d); Route de Yaté Rivière des Lacs, elev. 200 m, 2 February 1973, MacKee 26212 (P 04223955! d); Route de Yaté: Rivière des Lacs, 2 February 1973, MacKee 26213 (L. 2703046! d, P 04223958! d); Vallée de la Ouinné, elev. 50 m, 25 May 1974, MacKee 28699 (P 04255932! d); Plateau au Sud du Village de Yaté, elev. 300 m, 19 January 1975, MacKee 29662 (P 04216004! d, P 05263608! d); Yaté: entre le barrage et la rivière des Lacs, 19 January 1975, MacKee 29668 (L. 2703048! d, P 04255925! d); Plaine des Lacs: Route du carénage, 29 January 1975, MacKee 29718 (L. 2703040! d, P 04223959! d); Pente W Mt. Mou, elev. 700 m, 27 February 1975, MacKee 29820 (P 04255922! d); Yaté barrage, 11 November 1975, MacKee 30227 (L. 2703047! d, NOU 058921!, P 04223956! d); Rivière Bleue de Prony, 23 March 1976, MacKee 30890 (L. 2703045! d, NOU 058922!, P 04223962! d); Vallée de la Ouinné, elev. 30 m, 25 December 1976, MacKee 32507 (P 04255934! d); Crête au Sud de la Baie de Ouinné, elev. 300 m, 27 December 1976, MacKee 32529 (P 04255935! d); Mt. Do, elev. 900 m, 23 March 1977, MacKee 32939 (P 04255924! d); Mont Do, elev. 600 m, 23 March 1977, MacKee 32950 (P 04255923! d); Mt. Mou, elev. 1100 m, 22 July 1979, MacKee 37219 (P 04255998! d); Forested slopes above the Rivière Ni, elev. 800 m, 24 October 2004, McPherson & Munzinger 19300 (MO 2698554! d); Forêt Faux Bon Secours, 29 April 1982, Morat 6897 (NOU 058918!); Mont Do, 21 ° 45 ’ 34.999 ” S, 166 ° 7 ’ 59.988 ” E, 8 February 2013, Munzinger 7123 (NOU 084946!); Mont Dore, 6 May 1966, Nothis 126 (NOU 058948!); Prony, 6 June 1966, Nothis 177 (NOU 058941!, P 05263606! d); Prony, 6 June 1966, Nothis 178 (NOU 058937!, P 04910813! d); Creek Pernod, 22 March 1967, Nothis 336 (NOU 058933!); Route du Carénage, 11 May 1967, Nothis 351 (NOU 058951!); Route de Yaté, 11 May 1967, Nothis 352 (NOU 058949!); sin. loc., Pancher 270 (P 04255972! d); sin. loc., Pancher 292 (P 04216021! d); sin. loc., Pancher 469 (P 04216011! d); sin. loc. Pancher 581 (P 04255981! d); sin. loc., Pancher s. n., (P 04216013! d); sin. loc., 1862, Pancher s. n. (P 04216012! d); sin. loc., 1870, Pancher s. n. (P 04216014! d); Massif du Kouakoué, elev. 950 m, 30 April 2004, Pignal, Munzinger & Lowry 2414 (NOU 052375!, P 00771533! d); Süd Baie, zwischen NGo und Touaourou, 1 August 1903, Rohrdorf 143 (Z- 000030493! d); Yaté, 17 March 1912, Sarasin 640 (Z- 000030494! d); Plaine des Lacs, 22 January 1911, Sarasin 691 (P 04223979! d, Z- 000030495! d); Auf den Bergen am Ngoye, elev. 400 m, 5 November 1902, Schlechter 15225 (P 04216015! d); Am Ngoye, elev. 400 m, 5 November 1902, Schlechter s. n. (K 000857619! d); Dumbéa, branche Nord, 30 March 1966, Schmid 1105 (NOU 058914!); Dumbéa branche Nord, 30 March 1966, Schmid 1106 (NOU 058932!); Vers Les Chutes de la Madeleine, 28 July 1966, Schmid 1349 (NOU 058920!); Port-Boisé, 23 January 1969, Schmid 2642 (NOU 058913!); Route Rivière Bleue, 24 January 1968, Sévenet 93 S, (P 04548468! d); Route de Yaté, 27 April 1976, Suprin 23 (NOU 058954!); Mont Dore, elev. 700 m, 29 December 1982, Suprin 2195 (P 04548467! d); Au Sud Est de la chute, 4 December 1980, Suprin 964 (NOU 058917!); A l’Est de la Chute, 4 December 1980, Suprin 969 (NOU 058924!); sin. loc., 1865, Thiébaud 298 (P 04223975! d); Dumbéa N., 1 February 1973, Veillon 2828 (NOU 058928!, P 04548469! d); Rive Gauche du Creek Pernod, 14 January 1966, Veillon 597 (NOU 058911!); Rive Gauche du Creek Pernod, 14 January 1966, Veillon 598 (NOU 058930!); Cap de la Reine Charlotte, elev. 60 m, 6 May 1990, Veillon 7265 (NOU 058902!); Tontouta Rive Droite du Creek Wanewano, elev. 20 m, 26 March 1996, Veillon 7912 (NOU 058935!); Vallée de la Tontouta, Rive Gauche du Creek Wanewano, elev. 20 m, 26 March 1996, Veillon 7924 (NOU 058944!); sin. loc., 1855, Vieillard 979 (P 04255974! d); Coteaux ferrugineux, Vieillard 2985 (P 04255982! d); Plaine des Lacs, elev. 200 m, 2 April 1942, Virot 635 (NOU 058909!, P 04223944! d); Plaine des Lacs, elev. 250 m, 30 March 1942, Virot 685 (P 04223996! d); Haute Dumbéa, branche Nord, elev. 100 m, 29 November 1942, Virot 906 (P 04255956! d, P 04255957! d); Rive Droite de la Tontouta, 14 January 1945, Virot 1449 (L. 2702984! d, P 04223948! d, P 04223949! d, S-PL- 18003! d); Crêtes séparant la baie N’Go de la vallée de la rivière des Pirogues, elev. 200 m, 9 April 1945, Virot 1535 (P 04223953! d); Crêtes séparant la baie N’Go de la vallée de la rivière des Pirogues, elev. 200 m, 9 April 1945, Virot 1536 (P 04255960! d); Bords de La Couvelée, 12 August 1945, Virot 1547 (P 04223950! d, P 04223951! d); Route de Yaté. Vallée de la Numbée, elev. 50 m, 25 December 1945, Virot 1557 (P 04223952! d, P 04255959! d); Col de Plum, elev. 150 m, 16 January 1943, Virot 933 (NOU 058934!, P 04255958! d); La Coulée, elev. 100 m, 9 December 1973, Webster 19141 (P 05263607! d).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Parsonsia crucifera is most similar to P. effusa and P. bogotensis by its loose inflorescences and lanceolate leaves. It however differs from P. effusa by flowers two times shorter, glabrous corolla throat, and inflorescences mostly axillary instead of mostly terminal in P. effusa. It differs from P. bogotensis by its flowers with half exserted stamens, instead of totally inserted in P. bogotensis.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Poya, Avangui, elev. 400 m, 2 January 1976, MacKee H. S. 30646 (Holotype NOU [NOU 059023!]; Isotypes P [P 04260663! d], L [L. 2702828! d], BISH). Climber with twining stems, stems up to 1,5 meters long, 2 – 3 mm in diameter, young stems glabrous; latex white. Leaves opposite, coriaceous, green adaxially, light green abaxially, obovate to lanceolate, petiole (13.9 –) 20.8 – 26.8 (– 32.3) mm long, ca. 1 mm width, glabrous, tooth-like colleters, two on each side of petiole basis, and a line of three abaxially, at petiole basis; lamina (45.6 –) 51.5 – 75.7 (– 78.7) × (17.7 –) 21.7 – 35.3 (– 50.8) mm, rounded at base, acute at apex, margin revolute, leaf venation brochidromous, visible on both faces on dry material, 6 – 8 pairs of secondaries veins. Inflorescence a loose axillary panicle, forming a large cross, axes green, glabrous, primary axis (17.4 –) 34.1 – 74 (– 98.2) mm, pedicels (1 –) 1.6 – 3.1 (– 4.1) mm, glabrous, glossy, bracts acuminate, 1 – 1.6 mm long. Flower 5 - merous, (3.1 –) 3.4 – 3.9 (– 4) mm long. Calyx lobes appressed to corolla, largely triangular, obtuse at apex, ca. 0.8 mm long, green, glabrous. Corolla greenish outside, whitish to reddish inside, tube (0.8 –) 1.1 – 1.5 (– 1.6) × (1.1 –) 1.5 – 1.6 (– 1.7) mm, glabrous outside and in the throat, lobes lanceolate, glabrous, spreading, 2.1 – 2.3 mm long. Anther cone 2.1 – 2.3 mm long, half exserted; filaments ca. 1.3 mm free then fused, mostly glabrous but with a line of hairs on the inner face, filament tube thus hairy inside. Style ca. 0.8 mm long, glabrous, stigmate conical, included in the anther cone. Ovary 0.4 – 0.9 mm, ovoid, glabrous, with 5 scales ca. 0.6 × 0.25 mm, oblong, rounded at top, glabrous. Fruit cylindrical, 5 – 7 × 0.7 – 1 cm, acuminate, glabrous.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — The species is known from ultramafic massifs located in the northwest of Grande Terre, at low to mid-elevations. From herbarium sheets and field observations, it grows in shrubby maquis and forest edges. Phenology: — From herbarium specimens and field observations, the species is flowering and fructifying all year round, with less fertile material in the dry season (September to November).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The species is named after the cross shape of the loose inflorescence, readily distinguishable on herbarium specimens and in vivo. Conservation status: — This species has been evaluated by the RLA-NC plants as Vulnerable on criteria B, with bushfires and mining exploitation considered as threats to the known localities. Notes: — The material identified as Parsonsia crucifera was entirely included in P. effusa in Boiteau’s (1981) revision. Further analyses and field observations however led to the distinction of two homogeneous entities, morphologically and geographically. The first clue was the inflorescence placement, mostly axillary in the Northwest while mostly terminal in the South, but flowers also revealed to be very different regarding their size and the very recurved corolla lobes of P. effusa, and spread ones in P. crucifera. The corolla throat also differs: hairy in P. effusa, glabrous in P. crucifera.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	description	Specimens examined: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Oua Tilou, 13 April 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim 12252 (P 04216054! d, L. 3719401! d); Oua Tilou, 13 April 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim 12306 (P 04216083! d); Kaala par le village de Gomen, 20 ° 39 ’ 6 ” S, 164 ° 23 ’ 33 ” E, 198 m, 21 April 2022, fr., Bruy et al., 2325 (MPU 1379427!, NOU 112090, P); Plateau des Tiebaghi massif, 15 March 1925, Däniker 1454 (Z- 000034050! d, Z- 000034051! d); Voh, Kathépaï, elev. 330 m, 20 ° 55 ’ 53.6 ’’ S, 164 ° 41 ’ 37.91 ’’ E, 22 April 2019, Fleurot 563 (NOU 090329!); Pouembout, plateau de Tia, elev. 320 m, 21 ° 10 ’ 48.48 ’’ S, 164 ° 53 ’ 09.08 ’’ E, 12 May 2019, Fleurot 566 (NOU 090358!); Plateau de Tia, 21 ° 10 ’ 47 ” S, 164 ° 53 ’ 14 ” E, elev. 400 m, 9 November 2021, Lannuzel et al. 526 (NOU 108156!); Pouembout, base nord du plateau de Tiéa, elev. 100 m, 04 April 1968, MacKee 18593 (P 05031667! d); Poya, Avangui, elev. 100 m, 12 February 1973, MacKee 26226 (P 04260664! d, L. 2702827! d); Pouembout, Tiéa (Plateau), elev. 350 – 450 m, 27 December 1974, MacKee 29578 (P 04260667! d); Poya, Avangui, elev. 400 m, 02 January 1976, MacKee 30647 (P 04260668! d); Mont Taom, crête ouest, elev. 900 m, 08 January 1981, MacKee 38530 (MPU 1357273!, NOU 059018!, P 04910827! d); Plateau de Tiéa, elev. 250 m, 02 October 2005, Munzinger et al. 3009 (NOU 008357!); Voh, massif du Katépaï, elev. 330 m, 20 ° 55 ’ 54.51 ’’ S, 164 ° 41 ’ 38.87 ’’ E, 07 August 2016, Munzinger (leg. Scopetra) 7597 (MPU 620470!, MPU 620471!).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	description	Two syntypes, Compton 2105 and Compton 352, were cited by Moore (1921) in the protologue of P. effusa. Since Boiteau (1981: 259) wrote “ Type: Compton 2105 (holo-, BM!) ”, its typification is considered as an error and corrected to a lectotypification (Turland et al. 2018 - Art. 9.10). Specimen examined: — NEW CALEDONIA. South province: Vallée de Dumbéa Nord, 20 January 2000, Achille 524 (P 04910814! d); Région de Dumbéa, 1 January 1910, Alleizette 360 (P 04216055! d); Montagne des Sources, 24 January 1950, Baas-Becking 5952 (Z- 000034053! d); Montagnes éruptives au-dessus d’Ouroué, 1 December 1871, Balansa 3477 (P 00624947! d, P 00624948! d, P 04216097! d); Mé Amméri, 13 August 1950, Baumann-Bodenheim 5416 (L. 3719337! d; P 04216081! d); Mont Mou, 15 May 1950, Baumann-Bodenheim 6934 (P 04216080! d); Col de Vulcain, 17 November 1950, Baumann-Bodenheim 8290 (L. 3719402! d, Z- 000034047! d); Bois du Sud, 29 March 1951, Baumann-Bodenheim & Guillaumin 11656 (P 04216052! d); Bord de la Tontouta, 15 December 1964, Blanchon 1291 (NOU 058887!); sin. loc., Blanchon 581 (P 04216076! d); Mont Dzumac, 22 ° 2 ’ 33 ” S, 166 ° 28 ’ 32 ” E, 15 May 2014, Bruy, Nigote & Trueba-Sanchez 30 (NOU 051915!, P 00932665! d); Mont Dzumac, 22 ° 2 ’ 33 ” S, 166 ° 28 ’ 32 ” E, 15 May 2014, Bruy, Nigote & Trueba-Sanchez 31 (NOU 051914!, P 00932664! d); Riv. NGoye, 21 October 1914, Compton 2105 (BM 001040514! d); Plaine des Lacs, 22 February 1914, Compton 352 (BM 001040513! d); Goro-Nickel, 18 May 2002, Dagostini & Rigault 630 (NOU 058893!); Mt Koghis, 1 February 1926, Däniker 2745 (P 04216056! d, Z- 000034048! d); Mt Koghis, 1 February 1926, Däniker 2745 a (Z- 000034049! d); Kanala, 1865, Deplanche 228 (P 04216091! d); Prony, 1914, Franc 1661 A (P 04216048! d, P 04216049! d, P 04216050! d, P 04216051! d, Z- 000034052! d); Mont Gouemba, elev. 374 m, 22 ° 10 ’ 28 ” S, 166 ° 56 ’ 24 ” E, 31 August 2016, Gâteblé 810 (NOU 105292!); Dzumac, elev. 920 m, 22 ° 1 ’ 56 ” S, 166 ° 28 ’ 0 ” E, 28 February 2017, Gâteblé 844 (NOU 105275!); La Kwé, 22 ° 16 ’ 27 ” S, 166 ° 56 ’ 38 ” E, 9 February 2016, Girardi 3 (NOU 085030!); La Kwé, 22 ° 16 ’ 27 ” S, 166 ° 56 ’ 38 ” E, 9 February 2016, Girardi 4 (NOU 085031!); Bois du Sud, 29 March 1951, Guillaumin & Baumann-Bodenheim 11656 (L. 3719400! d, US 2316598! d, Z- 000034057! d); Oua Tilou, 13 April 1951, Guillaumin & Baumann-Bodenheim 12252 (Z- 000034055! d); Kalouéhola, 26 May 1951, Hürlimann 1721 (P 04216053! d, US 2316436! d, Z- 000034056! d); Kalouéhola, 23 June 1951, Hürlimann 1675 (Z- 000034054! d); Higher elevation of Mt. Dzumac, elev. 950 m, 15 March 1992, Koyama 8292 (P 04260665! d); Road to Mt. Dzumac, elev. 900 m, 8 January 2004, Lowry II 6327 (NOU 050190!, MO 2000193! d); Route Montagne des Sources, elev. 200 m, 3 July 1955, MacKee 2682 (P 04216062! d); Route de la Montagne des Sources, 2 January 1956, MacKee 3716 (L. 2703009! d, P 04216063! d, S-PL- 24133! d); Piste des Dzumacs, elev. 400 m, 14 April 1956, MacKee 4356 (P 04216061! d); Upper Tontouta Valley Near Mine Galliéni, 28 July 1956, MacKee 4971 (L. 2703008! d, P 04216064! d); Route de Yaté: Col Dalmates, elev. 200 m, 27 March 1965, MacKee 12314 (P 04216082! d); Crête au Nord de Négropo, elev. 400 m, 6 January 1966, MacKee 14139 (L. 2703082! d, NOU 058904!, P 04216072! d, P 04255952! d); Le Carénage (Baie de Prony), 25 January 1966, MacKee 14277 (L. 2703084! d, P 04216103! d); Ouroué, ancienne Mine Pauline, elev. 300 m, 30 April 1967, MacKee 16694 (P 04216070! d); Route de Yaté: Les Dalmates, 16 July 1967, MacKee 17142 (P 04216078! d); Plaine des Lacs, 9 February 1971, MacKee 23291 (L. 2703085! d, P 04216100! d); Prony: Le Carénage, elev. 100 m, 3 March 1971, MacKee 23376 (P 04216102! d); Route de Yaté: Les Dalmates, 5 March 1971, MacKee 23381 (BPBM 428165, BPBM 427844, L. 2703087! d, NOU 059044!, P 04216084! d); Plaine des Lacs: Ouénarou, 13 July 1973, MacKee 26932 (L. 2703086! d, P 04216060! d, P 04216101! d); Sentier Dzumac, elev. 500 m, 12 November 1975, MacKee 30249 (P 04216059! d); Mont Ouin, 30 November 1975, MacKee 30345 (BPBM 428212, L. 2702830! d, NOU 059028!, P 04260658! d, U. 1096033, U. 1096032, Z- 000034084! d); Vallée Dumbéa, elev. 30 m, 29 February 1976, MacKee 30787 (L. 2702823! d), NOU 059033!, P 04260653! d); Port Boisé, 16 June 1976, MacKee 31406 (L. 2703080! d, NOU 058895!, P 04216106! d); Port-Boisé, elev. 50 m, 29 June 1976, MacKee 31436 (NOU 058892!, P 04216105! d); Pente W Mt. Do, elev. 800 m, 23 March 1977, MacKee 32946 (NOU 059036!, P 04260659! d); Mont Oungoné, elev. 400 m, 12 December 1976, MacKee 32465 (NOU 058884!, P 04216104! d); Contrefort N Ménazi, elev. 500 m, 26 June 1977, MacKee 33410 (P 04260662! d); Yaté: Barrage, 19 March 1978, MacKee 34874 (L. 2703088! d, NOU 058883!, P 04216079! d); Route de Yaté: Les Dalmates, elev. 150 m, 25 December 1978, MacKee 36290 (NOU 059034!, P 04216108! d, P 05263611! d); Forêt Faux Bon Secours, elev. 300 m, 17 March 1980, MacKee 37907 (NOU 059031!, P 04216107! d); Mont Oungoné, elev. 400 m, 14 December 1980, MacKee 38421 (MPU 1357272!, NOU 059037!, P 04910828! d); Rive Gauche de Basse Tontouta, elev. 50 m, 14 January 1982, MacKee 40203 (NOU 058890!, P 05263705! d); Along road from Dumbéa Valley towards Mt. Dzumac, elev. 650 m, 19 December 1979, McPherson 2260 (MO 1574557! d, NOU 058897!); Dumbéa valley, 27 November 1982, McPherson 5222 (MO 420725! d, NOU 058894!); Grand Lac, Plaine des Lacs, 26 January 1984, McPherson 6275 (MO 421114! d, NOU 059035!, P 04548479! d); Tontouta, 3 July 2004, Munzinger et al. 2177 (NOU 003827!, P 05264027! d); Tontouta, 26 February 2006, Munzinger et al. 3365 (NOU 012171!); Mont Dzumac, 1 June 1966, Nothis 173 b (NOU 058891!, P 04910812! d); Prony, 6 June 1966, Nothis 176 (NOU 058888!); Nouméa, Pancher 268 (P 04216095! d); Touaourou, 26 May 1974, Schmid 5007 (NOU 059030!); Crête Dzumac, 1 February 1973, Sévenet 381 (NOU 059021!); Route Dzumac, elev. 500 m, 1 February 1973, Sévenet 383 (NOU 059022!); Mt. Dzumacs, 30 March 1977, Sévenet 1231 (NOU 059019!, P 04548464! d); Mont Dzumac, elev. 850 m, 26 January 1972 Veillon 2492 (NOU 059029!, P 04593780! d); Haute Ouinnée, elev. 800 m, 24 November 1977, Veillon 3356 (NOU 059025!, P 04260656! d); Mont Dzumac, elev. 500 m, 7 July 1978, Veillon 3547 (NOU 059026!, P 04910824! d, P 04910825! d); Montagne de Poila, 1855, Vieillard 985 (P 04216094! d).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	description	In the description of P. canescens, Guillaumin (1941) cited three syntypes without locality (Deplanche 295, Pancher 29, Vieillard 2984?) and one from Nouméa (Balansa 233), Guillaumin having doubts (?) about its own determinavit for the latter. Seven corresponding specimens were retrieved in P: Deplanche 295 (P 00624957, P 00624958), Mus. Néocal. [Pancher 29] / Vieillard 2984? (P 04910852, P 06620764), Balansa 233 (P 04223213, P 04223214, P 04223215). Boiteau (1981: 278), in the specimens examined section of P. brachiata, cites Deplanche 295 (fr.) as “ type of P. canescens ” so it should be considered as a first step lectotypification. Between the two Deplanche 295 specimens, we choose P 00624958 as the lectotype because it is better preserved. Guillaumin (1941) cites two syntypes in the protologue of P. deplanchei. Only one specimen of each syntype was retrieved at P: Ile Icié [Ile Isié] Deplanche 300 (P 00624960); Nouméa Pancher s. n. [Deplanche 300] (P 00624959). Boiteau (1981: 278) in the specimens examined section of P. brachiata, cites Deplanche 300 as “ type of P. deplanchei ”. Because both specimens can be considered as Deplanche 300 and because there is no Pancher s. n. specimen cited in Boiteau (1981: 280), it could be infered Boiteau did not choose one lectotype among the two specimens. Among these two specimens, P 00624960 is the only one that bears a determinavit by Baillon, Guillaumin’s drawings, and a “ type ” stamp by an unknown worker. It is here designated as the second step lectotype. Guillaumin (1941: 377) has described Parsonsia franchetii with Balansa 233 a as the type. Boiteau (1981: 281) later confirmed a P specimen as “ Holo- P! ”. Three corresponding specimens are housed at P (P 00624940, P 00624941, P 00624942) so a second step lectotypification is needed. Among these specimens, two (P 00624940 and P 00624941) bear the determinavit P. franchetii by Allorge in 1979, who at the same time designated these specimens as isotypes. P 00624942 bears the name Parsonsia (Lyonsia) franchetii by Baillon’s writing and is designated as holotype on a sticker above, probably by Boiteau or Allorge. It also bears drawings resembling Guillaumin’s habit. We therefore follow all these authors and here designate P 00624942 as second step lectotype and P 00624940 and P 00624941 as isolectotypes. Synonymy: — Boiteau (1981) already considered Parsonsia canescens and P. deplanchei as synonyms of P. brachiata and we here follow his conclusion that the three names represent a single species. In the same work, Boiteau (1981) also considered P. franchetii as a distinct species with Parsonsia hienghenensis Guillaumin as synonym. Here, we discuss the transfer of P. brachiata as a synonym of P. franchetii, and will discuss the reinstatement of P. hienghenensis as a distinct species. The four names (P. brachiata, P. canescens, P. deplanchei and P. franchetii) are arranged together (glabrous ovary, disk scales more or less rectangular and as long as the ovary, puberulent corolla lobes) in Guillaumin’s (1941: 379) key along with P. calophylla Baillon ex Guillaumin (1941: 376), the latter, now synonym of P. affinis, being very different morphologically by its larger leaves, and flowers with spreading corolla. A closer examination of Guillaumin’s very good drawings for these four names that are available from five specimens is shown in Figure 11. Ovary and disc scales shapes, used by Guillaumin as main characters to distinguish the four species are unsufficient to reach a conclusion. The ovaries drawn (Fig. 11 a, b, c, d, e) show a similar globose or ovoid shape, with small differences likely due to the difference in maturity of the dissected flowers. The disc scales shapes drawn (Fig. 11 a, b, c) are similar and only the disc scale of P. brachiata (Fig. 11 d) is different because of its incurved sides. Our observations led to the conclusion that the incurved sides of the disc scale can as well be explained by the dissection of an immature flower bud so that the scales dried out differently. Boiteau (1981) kept P. brachiata and P. franchetii as distinct species in his key based on the fruit size and shape (7 – 14 cm, ovoïd, apex attenuate to sharp for P. brachiata, 5 – 6 cm, ovoïd, apex acuminate for P. franchetii). Yet, measuring fruits present on specimens identified by Boiteau or Allorge, we found specimens identified as P. franchetii (Balansa 233) with fruits 7 – 7.7 cm long, and specimens identified as P. brachiata (MacKee 28578, MacKee 29556) with fruits 6 – 7 cm long. In addition, a more recent specimen (Veillon 1116) bears two fruits, apparently mature, one being 5 cm long, the other one being 7, 6 cm long. Our review of all material available thus shows that P. franchetii is indistinguishable from P. brachiata. Because the proposed lectotype of P. franchetii is better preserved, more trustful and more representative of the species than the one of P. brachiata, we propose to retain the former name for this species.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — As it is newly circumscribed, P. franchetii is distributed from islets around the isle of Pines in the South to the Belep archipelago in the North, and along the west coast of Grande Terre in low elevation sclerophyllous vegetations. Phenology: — From herbarium specimens and field observations, the species seems to be flowering from October to next May, and fructifying from April to October Conservation status: — This species has been evaluated by the RLA-NC plants as Least Concern, regarding its relatively common distribution.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	description	Specimen examined: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Yandé, 7 April 1925, Däniker 157 (Z- 000030477! d); Nékoro, 14 March 2007, Hequet et al. 3656 (P 04548451! d); Ile Pott, 10 December 1975, Jaffré 1610 (NOU 058885!, P 04216074! d, P 04216077! d); Col de Nékoro (entre Népoui et Poya), MacKee 14389 (L. 2702936! d, P 04223196! d); Poya, elev. 30 m, 28 December 1966, MacKee 16216 (BPBM 427839, NOU 058969!, P 04223252! d); Poya, elev. 30 m, 23 April 1967, MacKee 16673 (NOU 058968!, P 04223254! d); Koné: Pinjen, elev. 20 m, 16 September 1970, MacKee 22419 (P 04223226! d); Népoui, elev. 10 m, 10 December 1970, MacKee 22996 (L. 2702930! d, NOU 058966!, P 04223194! d); Pouembout, elev. 30 m, 16 February 1972, MacKee 25007 (L. 2702985! d, NOU 058959!, P 04223198! d); Népoui, elev. 20 m, 19 February 1972, MacKee 25070 (P 05031668! d); Corne de Koumac, elev. 250 m, 13 April 1972, MacKee 25242 (NOU 058970!, P 04223228! d); Koumac Grande Forêt, elev. 250 m, 25 March 1973, MacKee 26479 (L. 2702990! d, NOU 058962!, P 04223199! d); Koné: Poinda, elev. 20 m, 30 October 1973, MacKee 27650 (P 04910802! d); Népoui, elev. 5 m, 23 April 1974, MacKee 28515 (NOU 058978!, P 04223195! d); Mont Koniambo, elev. 50 – 250 m, 24 April 1974, MacKee 28536 (L. 2702989! d, NOU 058963!, P 04223200! d); Pouembout, elev. 30 m, 26 April 1974, MacKee 28575 (L. 2703083! d, NOU 058896!, P 04216069! d); Pouembout, elev. 30 m, 26 April 1974, MacKee 28578 (L. 2706462! d, NOU 058818!, P 04910853! d); Plaine des Gaïacs, elev. 20 m, 9 May 1974, MacKee 28666 (P 04910803! d); Pouembout: Tiéa, elev. 50 – 350 m, 27 December 1974, MacKee 29556 (L. 2706463! d, P 04910848! d); Pouembout: Base W Tiéa, elev. 50, 25 November 1975, MacKee 30303 (L. 2706464! d, NOU 058820!, P 04910849! d); Pinjen, elev. 100 m, 10 March 1976, MacKee 30863 (P 04223223! d, P 04223224! d); Pouembout: Embouchure de la Tiaoué, 30 December 1977, MacKee 34477 (L. 2702988! d); Poya: Forêt de Nékoro, elev. 2 m, 16 August 1984, MacKee 42138 (NOU 058965!, P 04548470! d, P 04548448! d, P 04548471! d, P 04548473! d, P 04548474! d, P 05263664! d); Plateau de Tiéa, elev. 300 m, 4 May 1983, McPherson 5685 (MO 421519! d, P 04548450! d); Plateau de Tiéa, elev. 250 m, 2 October 2005, Munzinger et al. 3009 (P 04548452! d); Pouembout, reste de forêt sclérophylle sur la Tipinga, elev. 10 m, 6 December 1995, Veillon 7885 (NOU 058823!, P 00070189! d); Montagne de Poila, 1855, Vieillard 937 (P 04223205! d); Montagnes de Balade, 1855, Vieillard 938 (P 04910801! d); Balade, 1855, Vieillard 944 bis (P 04910800! d); sin. loc., 1855, Vieillard 979 (P 05263668! d).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	materials_examined	NEW CALEDONIA. South province: Nouméa: Baie de Tina, 5 January 2000, Achille 502 (P 04910810! d); Nouméa, 25 October 1868, Balansa 233 (L. 2706445! d, P 04223213! d, P 04223214! d, P 04223215! d, Z- 000030481! d); Nouméa, 25 November 1868, Balansa 233 a (P 00624940! d, P 00624941! d, P 00624942! d, Z- 000034043! d); Nouméa: Ouen Toro, elev. 78 m, 22 ° 18 ’ 25 ” S, 166 ° 27 ’ 22 ” E, 11 August 2015, Chambrey 136 (NOU 081169!); Saint Vincent, 15 December 1924, Däniker 776 (Z- 000034041! d, Z- 000034042! d); Col de la Tonghoué, 26 January 1926, Däniker 2692 (Z- 000030479! d, Z- 000030480! d); sin. loc., 25 February 1925, Däniker s. n. (Z- 000030478! d); sin. loc., 1861, Deplanche 295 (P 00624957! d, P 00624958! d); Ile d’Icié, 1860, Deplanche 300 (P 00624960! d); sin. loc., 1867, Deplanche 474 (P 04910799! d); sin. loc., Deplanche 72 (P 00624961! d, P 00624962! d); Nouméa, 1 October 1906, Franc 574 (P 04223206! d); Gouaro, elev. 35 m, 21 ° 35 ’ 49 ” S, 165 ° 22 ’ 21 ” E, 7 January 2015, Gâteblé 976 (NOU 105443!); sin. loc., 1874, Germain s. n. (P 04910843! d, P 04910844! d); Ouen-Toro, 1 August 1977, Jaffré 1937 (P 04910797! d); Ouen Toro, 22 March 1955, MacKee 2250 (L. 2706465! d, P 04910841! d); Nouméa, elev. 20 m, 4 April 1955, MacKee 2344 (P 04910836! d); Pente du Ouen Toro, elev. 50 m, 2 May 1964, MacKee 11484 (P 04910845! d, P 04910846! d, P 04910847! d); Nouméa: Ouen Toro, 21 February 1976, MacKee 30724 (L. 2702991! d, NOU 058957!, P 04223203! d); Basse Tontouta, elev. 20 m, 28 February 1976, MacKee 30784 (P 04260652! d); Tiaré, elev. 50 m, 8 December 1977, MacKee 34347 (BPBM 427846, BPBM 428166, L. 2702986! d, NOU 058960!, P 04223197! d); Pouembout: Embouchure de la Tiaoué, 30 December 1977, MacKee 34477 (NOU 058964!, P 04223201! d); Nouméa: Anse Vata, elev. 30 m, 24 March 1978, MacKee 34900 (NOU 058821!, P 04910850! d); Bouloupari: Ile Lepredour, 28 April 1978, MacKee 35042 (BPBM 427847! d, L. 2702987! d, NOU 058956!, P 04223211! d); Boulari, 22 March 1990, MacKee 44858 (NOU 058824!, P 04548438! d, P 04548439! d); Basse Vallée de la Ouenghi, elev. 20 m, 23 July 1991, MacKee 45587 (NOU 058825!); sin. loc., Pancher 29 (P 06620764! d, P 04910852! d); Nouméa, Pancher 268 (P 04910860! d, P 04910837! d, P 06620765! d); Nouméa, Pancher 300 (P 04910855! d, P 00624959! d); sin. loc., 1862, Pancher 498 (P 04223204! d); sin. loc., Pancher s. n. (K 000857627! d, P 04223207! d, P 04910856! d, P 04910857! d, P 04910858! d, P 04910859! d, Z- 000030472! d, Z- 000030473! d, Z- 000030474! d, Z- 000030475! d, Z- 000030476! d); Anse Vata, Nouméa, 19 January 1968, Schodde 5286 (P 04223202! d); sin. loc., Thiébaut 294 (P 04910842! d); Ouen-Toro, vallée du Sud-Ouest, elev. 100 m, 24 March 1967, Veillon 1116 (NOU 058958!); Noumea: Ouen Toro, elev. 100 m, 9 May 1988, Veillon 6799 (NOU 058955!); Ilôt brosse près Kuto (île des Pins), elev. 5 m, 4 March 1943, Virot 996 (NOU 058822!, P 04910838! d, P 04910839! d); Bois de Port-Despointes (Nouméa), 31 January 1945, Virot 1478 (P 04223208! d).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	description	Notes: — The name was published after 1 January 1958 and thus must conform to Art. 40.1 (Turland et al. 2018). Even if there is no clear indication of a type in Guillaumin’s protologue the name is validly published since only one gathering (with several specimens) is cited (Hopkins 2006, Art. 40.2, 40.3 Turland et al. 2018).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — The species is currently known from the islands of Lifou and Ouvéa, and from the type locality in Hienghène, on the north-east coast of Grande Terre. It grows in forests on calcareous substrates. Phenology: — From herbarium specimens, flowering occurs between January and March. Conservation status: — The species has not been evaluated by the RLA-NC. Based on current knowledge, the species is only present in three localities. However, no evident threat can be considered for this species and its supposed environment. It can thus be proposed as Least concerned (LC), according to IUCN (2019) criteria.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	description	Specimen examined: — NEW CALEDONIA. Loyalty island province: Ouvéa, sentier entre Teuta et Hoony, elev. 15 m, 20 ° 25 ’ 43 » S, 166 ° 37 ’ 1 » E, 03 March 2016, Butaud 3452 (NOU 081517!); Lifou, Hnanemuaetra, bord de piste menant à Tingeting, 20 ° 40 ’ 48.32 » S, 167 ° 11 ’ 13.55 » E, Butaud 3481 (NOU 111496!, NOU 111497!); Lifou: Hauteurs au SE du Cap Lafon, elev. 90 m, 22 February 1974, MacKee 28293 (BPBM 427845! d, L. 2702992! d, NOU 058961!, P 04223212! d, S-PL- 20428! d).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	description	Among the syntypes (Vieillard 2990 from Gatope and Vieillard 2991 from Canala) cited in the protologue, Boiteau (1981: 269) made a first step lectotypification for P. terminaliifolia by citing “ Vieillard 2991 (holo-, P!; iso-, K) ”. Interestingly and because Vieillard is well known for numbering specimens according to what he believed to belong to a species, an interesting case can be highlighted here. Vieillard clearly recognized two different Parsonsia species by labelling one as Vieillard 2990 from Gatope and Vieillard 2991 from Kanala and an additional one as Vieillard 2989 from Gatope. Almost all, if not all (except maybe the Drake and BM specimens, see Table 1) Vieillard specimens corresponding to both his numbers (2990 and 2991) were sent directly to Lenormand (and stored in his personal herbarium) so that Guillaumin (1941) had no access to these gatherings at P when he published his revision of New Caledonian Apocynaceae. Lenormand’s personal herbarium was transferred to CN after his death following his 1855 ’ s formal will (Lenormand 1866, Leboucher 1872, Jaubert 1872, Morière 1871, 1873) and later on to P. Soon after (in 1943), Guillaumin was able to look at the CN Vieillard (and Deplanche) specimens and published four additional Apocynaceae species (Guillaumin 1945). The differences between the first two (P. laxiflora and P. terminaliifolia) species (leaf and flower shapes, inflorescence architecture and other characters) are indeed striking so that the two species cannot be confused. While P. terminaliifolia is found in both localities (Gatope and Kanala), P. laxiflora is a species found only in the northwest of Grande Terre (Gatope s. l.) so that the two specimens of P. laxiflora said to be from Kanala (P 04223237 and P 04223238, see Table 1) are erroneously labelled. The label on P 04223237 is not Vieillard’s own label but CN’s one and the locality “ Kanala ” was added later and independently. The label on P 04223238 is Vieillard’s original one but was most presumably glued on the wrong specimen in Lenormand’s personal herbarium where the mix-up probably occurred. P 04223237 and P 04223238 thus belong to Parsonsia laxiflora Guillaumin. From the two others, only one, P 00624925, has Guillaumin’s drawings on, and was designated as type by Guillaumin himself on the label. It is chosen as second step lectotype, and P 00624924 as isolectotype. We here made that long statement of botanical history to corroborate this precise nomenclatural act, but this may be of utility in further taxonomical work in New Caledonia. As a matter of fact, Vieillard and Pancher types are often discussed, but no general rule has been settled since Guillaumin (1933) first raised this issue. Based on the example here, we recommend to botanists dealing with Vieillard’s specimens that have transited through Lenormand’s herbarium not to incriminate (only?) Vieillard but Lenormand and his wife’s curation. Notes: — As circumscribed here, P. rigida is a liana growing in shrubland on ultramafic substrates in the Northern two third of Grande Terre, its inflorescences are mostly terminal and contracted, often covered by ferruginous hairs, and flowers with short pedicels (ca. 2 – 3 mm). The species differs from P. carnea by the greenish / yellowish corolla, with lobes shorter (less than 2 mm vs ca. 4 mm) and less acute. The leaves are variable but almost always hairy, while almost always glabrous in P. carnea.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — The species is known from northwest ultramafic mountains on Grande Terre. It grows in shrublands (locally known as “ maquis minier ”) or at forest edges. Phenology: — From herbarium specimens and field observations, flowers and fruits can be seen all year round. Conservation status: — This species has been evaluated by the RLA-NC plants as Least Concern, regarding its relatively common distribution.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	description	Specimen examined: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: N-E de Daaoui de Ero, près de Bourail, 11 April 1869, Balansa 1413 (P 00624945! d); Mont Poum, elev. 400 m, 1 May 1871, Balansa 3285 (P 04216009! d); Monte Poum, elev. 412 m, 10 April 1968, Bernardi 12663 (P 04216032! d, US 2749436! d); Pente du Dôme de Tiébaghi, 22 January 1965, Blanchon 1460 (NOU 058929!, P 04255941! d); Taom, 2 July 1914, Compton 2311 (BM 001040510! d); Taom, 2 July 1914, Compton 2312 (BM 001040511! d, P 04216018! d); Néhoué, 20 January 2004, Dagostini, Fambart-Tinel, Roumagnac 774 (NOU 002881!); Paagoumène, 11 May 1925, Däniker 1367 (Z- 000034088! d); Paagoumène, 12 March 1925, Däniker 1392 (Z- 000034089! d, Z- 000034090! d); Koniambo, 15 January 1925, Däniker 917 (Z- 000034098! d); Néné [Néhoué], 1867, Deplanche 472 (P 04255979! d); Koniambo, 26 September 2003, Fambart-Tinel 45 (NOU 000596!, P 04548455! d); Tiébaghi, elev. 504 m, 20 ° 27 ’ 42 ” S, 164 ° 13 ’ 22 ” E, 8 August 2017, Fleurot 377 (NOU 088730!); Kopéto, Pouembout, elev. 184 m, 21 ° 11 ’ 52 ” S 165 ° 1 ’ 58 ” E, 23 February 2019, Fleurot 547 (NOU 090228!); Pente Est de la Montagne de Poum, elev. 50 m, 1 February 1966, MacKee 14362 (L. 2702980! d); Montagne de Poum, 10 September 1969, MacKee 20772 (L. 2702981! d); Hauteurs au Nord de Negropo, 25 June 1977, MacKee 33367 (L. 2703331! d); Kanala, Unknown 972 (P 04260670! d); Massif du Koniambo, elev. 700 m, 22 February 1972, Jaffré 696 (NOU 058939!); Massif du Boulinda, Pic Poya, elev. 850 m, 9 November 1972, Jaffré 1013 (NOU 058938!, P 04548465! d); Dôme de Tiébaghi, elev. 400 m, 15 October 1975, Jaffré 1381 (L. 2703044! d, NOU 058907!, P 04216028! d); Kopéto, elev. 900 m, 20 November 1975, Jaffré 1516 (NOU 058953!, P 04255937! d); Mont Boulinda, elev. 850 m, 23 February 1978, Jaffré 2388 (NOU 058947!, P 04910808! d); Tiébaghi, elev. 350 m, 6 May 1978, Jaffré 2464 (NOU 058908!, P 04910826! d); Koniambo, elev. 850 m, 22 November 2002, Jaffré 3537 (NOU 058925!); Ouazangou sommet, elev. 810 m, 20 ° 44 ’ 24 » S 164 ° 29 ’ 45 » E, 11 June 2020, Lannuzel 254 (NOU 107102!); Plateau sommet du Mont Koniambo, elev. 800 m, 31 March 1956, MacKee 4285 (L. 2702831! d, P 04216023! d); Pente W du Dôme de Tiébaghi, elev. 300 m, 14 June 1956, MacKee 4835 (L. 2703234! d, P 04255940! d, US 2317251! d); Pente Est de la Montagne De Poum, elev. 50 m, 1 February 1966, MacKee 14362 (P 04255955! d); Pente Sud Ouest du Dôme Tiébaghi, elev. 300 m, 9 May 1966, MacKee 14947 (L. 2703039! d, P 04255942! d); Pente N du Mont Kaala, elev. 400 m, 9 July 1966, MacKee 15261 (P 04216026! d); Pente N du Mont Kaala, elev. 700 m, 25 December 1966, MacKee 16151 (L. 2703050! d, P 04216003! d); Plateau de Tiéa, elev. 400 m, 4 April 1968, MacKee 18607 (P 04255929! d); Haute Népoui - Oua Péoué, Contrefort Sud du Kopéto, elev. 600 m, 25 March 1969, MacKee 20410 (P 04222645! d); Montagne de Poum, elev. 350 m, 10 September 1969, MacKee 20772 (NOU 058943!, P 04216029! d); Ile Yandé: Mt. Yandé, elev. 250 m, 7 October 1970, MacKee 22697 (NOU 058900!, P 04255946! d); Négropo, Plateau au Nord du Mont Prokoméo, elev. 700 m, 27 January 1972, MacKee 24950 (P 04260594! d); Pouembout: Plateau Tiéa, elev. 350 m, 27 December 1974, MacKee 29576 (L. 2703042! d, P 04216025! d); Pouembout: Plateau Tiéa, elev. 400 m, 1 January 1977, MacKee 32567 (P 04255930! d); Pouembout: Plateau Tiéa, elev. 400 m, 1 January 1977, MacKee 32573 (BISH 428177, L. 2703041! d, L. 2702982! d, P 04216024! d); Kouaoua, Dahi, elev. 500 m, 30 March 1977, MacKee 32985 (L. 2703329! d, L. 2703330! d, P 04260593! d); Mont Kaala (Pente Nord), elev. 800 m, 17 April 1977, MacKee 33048 (BISH 428160, L. 2702983! d, NOU 058906!, P 04216022! d); Hauteurs au Nord de Négropo, elev. 600 m, 25 June 1977, MacKee 33367 (BISH 428168, NOU 059062!, P 04260596! d); Dôme de Tiébaghi, Plateau Nord, 17 July 1977, MacKee 33521 (BISH 428161, L. 2703043! d, NOU 058905!, P 04216035! d); Dôme de Tiébaghi (Base Nord-Est), elev. 100 m, 11 May 1978, MacKee 35108 (P 04216034! d); Poum, elev. 300 m, 7 July 1978, MacKee 35408 (P 04216031! d); Mont Taom Contrefort Sud-Ouest, elev. 600 m, 4 October 1978, MacKee 35788 (NOU 059063!, P 04260595! d); Canala: Pembi, elev. 5 m, 14 February 1979, MacKee 36565 (P 04223218! d); Canala: Pembi, elev. 5 m, 14 February 1979, MacKee 36566 (P 04223219! d); Monéo, elev. 250 m, 25 April 1979, MacKee 36807 (NOU 059064!, P 04255999! d); Plateau Mont Ouazangou, elev. 800 m, 26 March 1980, MacKee 37949 (P 04255939! d); Poro, Kaseoua, elev. 550 m, 17 December 1992, MacKee 46060 (NOU 058898!, P 04255938! d); Massif de Tchingou, elev. 850 m, 30 March 2001, McPherson & Munzinger 18046 (MO 1570436, P 00239221! d); Montagne de Poum, west of village, elev. 350 m, 29 November 1983, McPherson 6088 (MO 420805, P 04548454! d); Massif du Boulinda, elev. 400 m, 23 February 1978, Morat 5945 (NOU 058936!, P 04910807! d); Massif du Boulinda, elev. 400 m, 23 February 1978, Morat 5949 (NOU 058946!, P 04548996! d); Vavouto, 9 September 2004, Munzinger 2369 (NOU 006847!); Ile Yandé, face Est, elev. 200 m, 5 October 2005, Munzinger 3023 (NOU 008362!); Canala, plateau de Boakaine, sommet Antenne, 17 December 2006, Munzinger & Létocart 4051 (MPU 311723!); Mont Kaala, elev. 700 m, 7 January 1981, Pusset 221 (NOU 058926!, NOU 058927!); Tiébaghi, 14 February 1969, Schmid 2684 (NOU 058915!, P 04910811! d); Dôme de Tiébaghi, 5 November 1975, Sévenet & Boiteau 1122 (NOU 058910!, P 04216027! d); Montagne de Poum, 9 June 1982, Suprin 1944 (NOU 058903!); Massif de Tiébaghi, 18 October 1959, Thorne 28049 (P 04216033! d); Massif du Koniambo, elev. 787 m, 6 January 2003, Tronchet & Roumagnac 680 (K 000224366! d, NOU 004876!, P 00354644! d); Taom - Flanc Ouest, elev. 557 m, 20 ° 47 ’ 13 » S, 164 ° 34 ’ 19 » E, 19 May 2020, Vandrot 1608 (NOU 107538!); Voh, Katépahié, elev. 350 m, 20 ° 55 ’ 49 » S, 164 ° 41 ’ 38 » E, 28 July 2014, Vandrot 925 (NOU 083912!); Montagne de Poum, elev. 272 m, 25 March 1982, Veillon 4848 (NOU 058901!); Poulaïtche près Gatope, 1861, Vieillard 2986 (P 04223946! d, P 04223947! d); Gatope, 1861, Vieillard 2989 (P 04260671! d); Gatope, 1861, Vieillard 2990 (P 04260669! d); Kanala, 1861, Vieillard 2991 (K 000857616! d, P 00624924! d, P 00624925! d); Balade, 1855, Vieillard 936 (P 04255971! d, P 04255975! d); Balade, 1855, Vieillard 940 (P 04216030! d).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFD35434C485FB758541F9A9.taxon	description	Lectotypifications: — Labillardière (1824: 26) published the species Echites scabra [scaber], describing both flowers and fruits, and added a sound drawing (Labillardière 1824 tab. 31). Eight specimens of this collection were retrieved: BR 000000695841, G 00190758, G 00190759, K 000857617, P 00624928, P 00624930, P 00624929, FI 003985. FI 003985 comprises the whole protologue written in the hand of Labillardière. This specimen is probably the original material used by Labillardière and would have made a good lectotype. However, Boiteau (1981) later made a first step lectotypification by designating a specimen in Paris as the Holotype. A second step lectotypification is thus needed within P specimens. P 00624928 presents both flowers and fruits, and is part of the Labillardière collection, bought by Webb and later transferred to several herbaria (Morat, 2010). P 00624928 is here designated as second step lectotype, with P 00624930, FI 003985, K 000857617, G 00190758, G 00190759, BR 000000695841 as isolectotypes. The specimen P 00624929 is registered in P database as part of the same collection, but is a mixed specimen, with two stems on the left belonging to Parsonsia scabra, and two stems on right belonging to an Alyxia species. This specimen was part of Herbier Moquin-Tandon and Herbier Cosson. Guillaumin (1941: 376), in describing Parsonsia corymbifera, cited six collections as syntypes, of which 13 specimens were retrieved in P herbarium; Vallée du Diahot entre Tchiaor et Bondé: Balansa 3282 (P 04260600, P 04260605, P 00624926, P 00624927), Gatope: Vieillard 2980 (P 04260632, P 04260635, P 04260636), Nouméa: Balansa 2403 (P 04260601, P 04260603, P 04260604), Dumbéa: Baudouin 640 (P 04260624), s. loc.: Pancher s. n. (P 04260623), Le Rat & Le Rat 688 (P 04260625). Among all these specimens, Boiteau (1981: 265) designated Balansa 3282 as the type however without specification of which specimen. It thus can be considered as a first step lectoptypification. Among the four specimens found at P, only one bears both Baillon’s determinavit and Guillaumin’s drawing: Balansa 3282 (P 00624927). We thus suppose that Guillaumin studied this specimen, and based the species concept and name following Baillon. The chosen second step lectotype is Balansa 3282 (P 00624927). Notes: — The Labillardière name Echites scabra [scaber] is illegitimate because of the earlier published name Echites scabra Hoffmanns. ex. Roem. & Schult. While combining the epithet under the genus Thenardia, Sprengel’s combination is to be treated as a replacement name with the same type as the illegitimate name (Turland et al. Art. 58.1) so that subsequent combinations only retain Sprengel authorship as the legitimate basionym. The replacement names proposed by Guillaumin (1911, 1941) respectively as P. billardierei Baill. ex Guillaumin and P. scabra (Labill.) Guillaumin are then respectively superfluous and illegitimate.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFC35430C485FA2D846DFC01.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Parsonsia tiebaghiensis is most similar to P. flexilis, P. bogotensis and P. urceolata with its inserted stamens but differs from the former by its corolla and calyx glabrous outside. Among the species with inserted stamens and glabrous corolla, it is the only one to present a ring of hairs within the corolla, instead of rows of hairs.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFC35430C485FA2D846DFC01.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Paagoumène, Koumac, elev. 42 m, 20 ° 28 ’ 43.49 ’’ S, 164 ° 10 ’ 49.85 ’’ E, 20 February 2022, Fleurot D. & Dayé P. 924 (holotype NOU [NOU 092395!]; isotypes P!, MPU 313248!, VTA 064433!, VTA 064434!, VTA 064435!). Small climber with twining stems, stems up to 2 meters long, up to 3 mm in diameter, young stems glabrous; latex white. Leaves opposite or ternate, subcoriaceous, green on both surfaces, petiole (1.6 –) 2 – 2.6 (– 3.5) mm long, 0.6 – 1 mm wide, usually green, covered with short hairs on adaxial surface, tooth-like colleters, two on each side of petiole, sometimes absent; lamina almost linear, (24.4 –) 33.9 – 56.3 (– 62) × (3 –) 3.6 – 4.2 (– 5.2) mm; rounded at base, apex acute and mucronate, both surfaces glabrous, leaf venation brochidromous, with secondary veins visible on both surfaces on dry and living material. Inflorescence an axillary composed cyme 6 – 14 - florous, axes green, primary axes (6 –) 7.5 × 14.5 (– 27) mm long, puberulent, pedicels (5.7 –) 6.7 – 8.6 (– 9) mm long, glabrous to puberulent, bracts ca. 0.5 mm, narrowly lanceolate. Flower 5 - merous, narrowly urceolate, (5.5 –) 6.1 – 6.6 (– 6.7) × (1.5 –) 1.6 – 1.9 (– 2.2) mm. Calyx lobes appressed to corolla, deltoid, acute at apex, (0.6 –) 0.6 – 0.8 (– 1) × ca. 0.7 mm, creamy white, glabrous. Corolla creamy white, tube (4.2 –) 4.4 – 4.5 (– 5.2) × (2 –) 2.1 – 2.2 (– 2.3) mm, glabrous outside, with a ca. 1 mm wide ring of hairs, composed of ca. 0.5 mm long retrorse hairs at halfway of corolla in the tube, lobes narrowly lanceolate, glabrous, spreading, (1.2 –) 1.6 – 1.7 (– 1.8) × ca. 1 mm. Anther cone ca. 1.9 mm long, not exserted; filaments ca. 1.4 mm, hairy on abaxial surface. Ovary ovoid, ca. 0.8 × 0.5 mm, glabrous, circled by 5 glabrous scales ca. 0.7 × 0.5 mm. Style glabrous ca. 1.8 mm long, stigmate fusiform ca. 0.4 mm long. Fruit cylindrical, ca. 5 × 0.8 cm, acute to acuminate at apex, glabrous.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFC35430C485FA2D846DFC01.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — The species is known from two localities, the lower slopes of Tiebaghi and Ouazangou mountains. It grows in shrubland on serpentine substrates. Phenology: — The phenology of this species is poorly known. From known observations, flowers can be seen from February to April, and November, and fruits in February and November.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFC35430C485FA2D846DFC01.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The species is named after the Tiebaghi massif where the only modern observations were made. Conservation status: The species has been evaluated as Endangered by the RLA-NC on 28 / 09 / 2022. It is considered as threatened mostly by bushfires and mining activities. Notes: — The specimens Mackee 14558, 16618 and 21661 were listed under P. effusa in a special paragraph regarding its putative neotenic form in Boiteau (1981: 262). Allorge also determined them as Parsonsia cf. effusa in herb. in 1979. Among the other specimens listed in this paragraph, Mackee 21993 (P 04216086) is Leichhardtia neomicrostoma (Meve et al. 2018: 208) Liede-Schumann et al. (2020: 132).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFC35430C485FA2D846DFC01.taxon	description	Specimens examined: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Paagoumène, elev. 20 – 100 m, 16 March 1966, Mackee 14558 (P 04216089! d); Néhoué, ancienne mine Fantoche, elev. 50 – 100 m, 20 April 1967, Mackee 16618 (NOU 058977!, P 04216093! d); Pente W du Mt Ouazangou, elev. 200 – 500 m, 11 September 1967, MacKee 17523 (NOU 058982!); Paagoumène, elev. 30 m, 27 February 1970, Mackee 21661 (P 04216085! d). Parsonsia urceolata Gâteblé, Lannuzel & Vandrot, sp. nov. (Figs. 14, 17 & 18) (urn: lsid: ipni. org: names: 77359149 - 1)	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFC35430C485FA2D846DFC01.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Parsonsia urceolata is most similar to P. flexilis, P. bogotensis and P. tiebaghiensis with its inserted stamens but differs from the former by its corolla and calyx glabrous outside. Among the species with inserted stamens and glabrous corolla, it differs from P. tiebaghiensis by its rows of hairs inside the corolla, and from P. bogotensis by its leaves tomentulose on both side and with a shorter petiole.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFC35430C485FA2D846DFC01.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Massif de Poum, route de l’antenne, elev. 121 m, 20 ° 14 ’ 19.58 ’’ S, 164 ° 1 ’ 56.45 ’’ E, 4 May 2021, Bruy, Gâteblé & Lannuzel 1977 (holotype NOU [NOU 107707!]; isotypes BM!, L!, NOU [NOU 112238!], P [P 00942419!]). Small climber with twining stems, stems up to 1.5 meters long, up to 0.8 cm in diameter at the base, young stems glabrous; latex white. Leaves opposite, subcoriaceous, green adaxially, light green abaxially when young and usually tinted with purple when older (on fresh material), both surfaces looking lustrous but tomentulose and covered with very short hairs (ca. 0.01 mm long), shape variable, petiole 1 – 5 mm long (usually shorter values on elliptic leaves and longer ones on linear leaves), usually reddish to purple, glabrous, tooth-like colleters ca. 0.2 mm long in the leaf axil; lamina of juvenile-like leaves linear, sometimes slightly falcate, 3.5 – 6 × 0.2 – 0.5 cm, mucronate; lamina of adult-like leaves elliptic to lanceolate, sometimes slightly falcate, 2.5 – 4 × 0.8 – 1.3 cm, cuneate at base, acute to rounded at apex, mucronate, leaf venation faint and usually not visible on dry material (3 – 5 pairs of secondaries sometimes visible on fresh material) apart from the midrib (sometimes reddish). Inflorescence a loose axillary panicle, axes green to reddish, glabrous, pedicels (0.3 –) 0.5 – 0.8 (– 11) cm long, glabrous, bracts lanceolate ca. 0.3 mm. Flower 5 - merous, narrowly urceolate, 5 – 7 × 2 – 2.4 mm. Calyx lobes appressed to corolla, lanceolate, acute at apex, 1 mm long, green to reddish, glabrous. Corolla white to greenish, tube 3.5 – 4 × 2 – 2.4 mm, glabrous outside, with 5 rows of ca. 0.15 mm long retrorse hairs within corolla from throat to halfway in the tube, lobes lanceolate, glabrous, spreading, 1.5 mm long. Anther cone ca. 1.7 mm long, not exserted; filaments ca. 0.5 mm long, hairy on abaxial surface. Ovary ovoid, ca. 0.7 × 0.5 mm, glabrous, circled by 5 glabrous scales ca. 0.5 × 0.3 mm. Style glabrous ca. 1.8 mm long, stigmate fusiform ca. 0.3 mm long. Fruit narrowly cylindrical, ca. 5 × 0.4 cm, acute to acuminate at apex, glabrous.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFC35430C485FA2D846DFC01.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Parsonsia urceolata is only known from a small population on the northern slope of the Poum mountain. It grows in open shrubby maquis, at low elevation, on peridotite substrate. Phenology: — This species is poorly known and has been seen flowering and fruiting only in May and June.	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
03DE423EFFC35430C485FA2D846DFC01.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The name urceolata refers to the typical corolla shape of the species. Conservation status: — The species has been evaluated as Critically Endangered by the RLA-NC on 28 / 09 / 2022. The only known population is indeed highly threatened by bushfires. Specimens examined: — NEW CALEDONIA. North province: Massif de Poum, elev. 130 m, 20 ° 14 ’ 22.25 ’’ S, 164 ° 1 ’ 55.6 ’’ E, 26 June 2014, Gâteblé 494 (NOU 052037!, NOU 052038!, NOU 052039 alc.]); Massif de Poum, vers l’antenne au dessus du village, elev. 130 m, 20 ° 14 ’ 19.12 ’’ S, 164 ° 1 ’ 55.17 ’’ E, 4 May 2021, Gâteblé, Lannuzel & Bruy 1272 (NOU 107858!, P 00942227!).	en	Lannuzel, Guillaume, Bruy, David, Munzinger, Jérôme, Vandrot, Hervé, Gâteblé, Gildas (2025): Synonymy, nomenclature and taxonomic notes in New Caledonian Parsonsia (Apocynaceae), with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 710 (2): 131-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.710.2.1
