identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
62E29C93311F56D085FD883CD6844013.text	62E29C93311F56D085FD883CD6844013.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Russula botrytigustata Tondeleir & Verbeken 2026	<div><p>Russula botrytigustata Tondeleir &amp; Verbeken sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 3, 5</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Sequestrate with strongly reduced columella, pileus yellowish white; spores with an almost complete reticulum; hymenial cystidia lageniform, mucronate; pileocystidia cylindrical to subclavate, long and slender.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Sri Lanka • A. Verbeken 07-177 (GENT); near Sinharaja Forest; 16 Dec. 2007.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>botrytigustata (Lat. adj.): from botrytis, the varietal epithet of Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (cauliflower), and gustata (“ tasted ”), referring to the distinctive cauliflower-like taste of the basidiomata.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata sequestrate, epigeous, subglobose, somewhat flattened, 15 mm in diameter. Columella strongly reduced, greyish hyaline. Pileipellis yellowish white (4 A 2), smooth, with gelatinous veins in transparency. Hymenophore greyish yellow (4 B 3-4), with labyrinthoid loculi that are longer towards the stipe. Context without odor; taste distinctly like raw cauliflower; chemical reactions not observed. Spore print not observed.</p><p>Basidiospores 5.6–7.4 – 9.2 (– 9.4) × 5.0–6.3 – 7.5 (– 7.8) µm, some spores substantially larger, likely originating from 2 - spored basidia, then 10.5–12.2 µm, broadly ellipsoid, Q = (1.05 –) 1.11–1.18 – 1.25 (– 1.28); thick-walled; ornamentation of moderately distant, 0.2–0.4 µm high amyloid warts [4–5 in a 3 µm diam. circle], (sub) reticulated and without isolated elements, fused by long ridges [4–5 (– 8) in a 3 µm diam. circle]; suprahilar spot amyloid with similar but lower ornamentation; suprahilar appendix 0.5 to 1.5 µm long, without sterigmatal appendix. Basidia clavate, 2 -, 3 -, or 4 - spored, (24.2 –) 25.8–31.3 – 36.8 (– 43.5) × (6.6 –) 7.9–9.3 – 10.6 (– 12.0) µm; sterigmata 4–7 µm long and curved or rarely straight, thin-walled, hyaline. Basidioles narrowly clavate to clavate, 7–9 µm wide, hyaline. Hymenial cystidia widely dispersed, 40–50 per mm 2, lageniform, mucronate, (33.3 –) 42.6–51.9 – 61.2 (– 67.7) × (7.8 –) 8.3–9.9 – 11.4 (– 13.8) µm, extending up to 20 µm from the hymenium, with a (5 –) 15–30 µm long, tortuous appendix that is rarely branched; contents heteromorphous, coarsely crystalline or hyaline, without reaction in sulfovanillin, turning yellowish in Melzer. Subhymenium consisting of 1–2 tiers of cells, parenchymatous to ramose, 9–13 × 13–19 µm. Hymenophoral trama consisting of sphaerocytes of diameter 12–24 µm, with few cystidioid hyphae. Pileipellis orthochromatic in Cresyl Blue, 140 µm thick, gradually passing into the underlying trama. Suprapellis 15–25 µm thick, ungelatinized, consisting of compact flexuous hyphae with ascending to erect hyphal terminations, gradually passing into thin subpellis, consisting of loose 3–4 µm thick hyphae and 4–5 µm thick cystidioid hyphae. Hyphal terminations near the pileus center dispersed and inconspicuous, narrow and thin-walled, occasionally branched, cylindrical, nodulose and flexuose, rarely apically obtuse, sometimes encrusted; terminal cells (21 –) 27.6–36.5 – 45.4 (– 49) × (2.5 –) 2.7–3.0 – 3.2 (– 3.5) µm. Subterminal cells more or less equal in size, rarely branched. Hyphal terminations near the pileus margin similar in shape but slightly shorter; (13.7 –) 26.3–34.1 – 42.0 (– 49) × (2.1 –) 2.6–3.0 – 3.5 (– 3.8) µm. Pileocystidia near the pileus center abundant, 1 - celled, (42.0 –) 54.6–106.5 – 158.4 (– 270.0) × (4.0 –) 4.9–6.1 – 7.3 (– 9.0) µm, cylindrical to subclavate, rarely obtuse, extending deep into the subpellis, thin-walled, with heteromorphous, finely to coarsely crystalline contents that are sometimes banded. No reaction in sulfovanillin. Pileocystidia near the pileus margin similar in size, abundance, and shape; 45.0–109.2 – 173.4 (– 298.0) × (4.5 –) 5.0–6.2 – 7.4 (– 8.0) µm. Cystidioid hyphae abundant in subpellis, scarce in hymenophoral trama. Oleiferous hyphae absent.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Primary rainforest with Shorea spp.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Russula botrytigustata shares barely any morphological characteristics with representatives of the R. castanopsidis / R. tapawera lineages. Some representatives, such as R. tapawera (T. Lebel) T. Lebel, exhibit a similar configuration of the pileipellis, but this feature is highly variable within this lineage (McNabb 1973; Lebel 2002; Adamčík et al. 2019). Moreover, all species in the R. castanopsidis lineage exhibit isolated ornamentation with only a few line connections, in contrast to the (sub) reticulated ornamentation of R. botrytigustata . The presence of mucronate hymenial cystidia appears to be the only shared characteristic. For this reason, and given its phylogenetically distinct position, we assume that R. botrytigustata represents the first described species from a thus far unrecognized lineage.</p><p>This species shows some similarities with the Australian sequestrate species R. parvisaxoides (T. Lebel) T. Lebel by sharing mucronate hymenial cystidia and lacking a prominent stipe or columella. However, the spores of this species are much larger (8.5–11 × 7–10 µm), with less reticulate ornamentation, and pileocystidia are absent. As no phylogenetic placement of this species has been provided in earlier studies, we performed a BLAST search of the ITS sequence of the type material, which suggests placement in R. subsect. Cyanoxanthinae Singer. No other sequestrate species from Australasia shows similar spore ornamentation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/62E29C93311F56D085FD883CD6844013	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Tondeleir, Lowie;Amalfi, Mario;Stubbe, Dirk;Verbeken, Annemieke	Tondeleir, Lowie, Amalfi, Mario, Stubbe, Dirk, Verbeken, Annemieke (2026): Tales of the unexpected II: two new angiocarpic representatives of Russulaceae (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from tropical Southeast Asia. MycoKeys 129: 213-239, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.129.177637
2342F29913E0564FABBDC64FB545BFF2.text	2342F29913E0564FABBDC64FB545BFF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Russula ciceriformis Tondeleir & Stubbe 2026	<div><p>Russula ciceriformis Tondeleir &amp; Stubbe sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 4, 5</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Sequestrate, lacking a columella, with an ochraceus to yellowish-buff pileus; spores echinulate; hymenial cystidia and pileocystidia absent.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Sri Lanka • D. Stubbe 07-508 (GENT); near Sinharaja Forest, trail along the Pitakele River; 17 Dec. 2007.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>ciceriformis (Lat. adj.): from cicer, the genus epithet of the chickpea (Cicer arietinum), and formis (“ shaped ”), referring to the shape and color of the species, which is reminiscent of a chickpea.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata sequestrate, epigeous, subglobose, 11–15 mm in diameter. Columella absent. Pileipellis pale ochraceus to yellowish-buff (5 B 5), slightly felty, not translucent but with a few pleats. Hymenophore pale yellow (4 A 3), faintly darkening when dried. Finely labyrinthine loculoid. Context with a sweetish, agreeable odor and neutral taste. Spore print not observed.</p><p>Basidiospores (6.5 –) 6.6–7.8 – 9.0 × 6.2–6.9 – 7.7 µm, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, Q (1.01 –) 1.06–1.13 – 1.19 (– 1.26), echinulate, with isolated high amyloid spines that are 1.3–2.0 µm high, sometimes with interspersed lower spines, moderately distant [on average 4–6 spines in a 3 µm diam. circle, on average 0–1 fusions in a 3 µm diam. circle]. Strongly thick-walled. With long hilar appendix up to 2.5 µm long, sometimes with sterigmatal appendix still attached. Suprahilar spot inamyloid but ornamented with slightly lower spines. Basidia subclavate to clavate, 2 - or 3 - spored, rarely 4 - spored, hyaline or sometimes with a few oil droplets, (19.5 –) 26.7–33.6 – 40.4 (– 47.5) × (7.2 –) 8.2–9.1 – 10.0 µm, sterigmata 2–4 µm long, curved. Basidioles narrowly clavate to clavate, 8–9 µm wide, hyaline. Hymenial cystidia absent. Subhymenium consisting of 1–3 tiers of cells, pseudoparenchymatous to ramose, 8–10 × 7–9 µm. Hymenophoral trama consisting of 4–7 µm-wide long- to short-celled hyphae, lacking cystidioid or oliferous hyphae. Pileipellis orthochromatic in Cresyl Blue, 170–230 µm thick, sharply delimited from underlying trama. Suprapellis ungelatinized, 40–50 µm thick, constisting of loosely arranged, erect, 5–7 µm thick hyphae, gradually passing into pallisade subpellis, consisting of globose, 15–20 µm wide cells with a yellow intracellular pigment, as observed in Congo red. Hyphal terminations near the pileus center dispersed, variable in number of cells and size; 1–4 – 8 celled, sometimes slightly tapering or inflated towards the top, unconstricted to slightly constricted at the septa, unbranched, seemingly consisting of two types: septate, cystidia-like, often encrusted with ochraceus pigmentation, or aseptate, attenuated; terminal cells (12.0 –) 15.1–22.5 – 29.9 (– 44.0) × (4.0 –) 4.6–5.6 – 6.6 (– 8.0) µm, variable in shape; either cylindrical to fusiform or attenuated, rarely obtuse, subterminal cells often equally long and wide. Without defined contents, optically empty but with yellow intracellular pigment as observed in Congo red; no reaction in sulfovanillin. Hyphal terminations near the pileus margin very abundant, similar in shape and length but thinner on average and less often with encrustation. Terminal cells (9.0 –) 9.4–22.9 – 36.4 (– 73.0) × (2.5 –) 3.4–4.5 – 5.6 (– 7.0) µm. Pileocystidia absent. Cystidioid and oleiferous hyphae in the subpellis and context absent.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Primary rainforest with Shorea trapezifolia and Dipterocarpus hispidus .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Russula ciceriformis sp. nov. is the second sequestrate species described from the R. aurea or R. wielangtae lineages. The only other species is R. theodoroui T. Lebel (T. Lebel) from Australia, which is placed in the R. aurea lineage (Fig. 1) (Lebel 2003). It shares many morphological characteristics with several species from these lineages. Species belonging to this clade lack distinct pileocystidia but may instead present two types of hyphal terminations: septate, cystidia-like ones and thinner, aseptate, attenuated ones, similar to those observed in R. ciceriformis (McNabb 1973; Lebel 2003; Adamčík et al. 2019; Ghosh et al. 2023). R. flavida Frost and R. pseudoflavida A. Ghosh, Hembrom, I. Bera &amp; Buyck, part of the R. aurea lineage, also contain golden encrustations on some elements of the pileipellis that may cause hyphal terminations to resemble primordial hyphae (Adamčík et al. 2018; Ghosh et al. 2023). Although Ghosh et al. (2023) reported an uncertain reaction with Cresyl Blue, we did not observe any reaction and determined that primordial hyphae are absent in R. ciceriformis . The isolated spore ornamentation of this taxon is unusual compared with other representatives of the R. wielangtae lineage, whose ornamentation is always connected by lines or ridges. Still, given the distinct micromorphological synapomorphy in the pileipellis of R. ciceriformis and other members of the R. wielangtae lineage, we believe that it should be included in this lineage. Likely, more undescribed Southeast Asian species belonging to this lineage exist, which would elucidate the relationships among R. ciceriformis and related species.</p><p>This species shows some morphological similarities with other sequestrate Russula species from Australasia. Morphologically, it appears similar to R. spinispora T. Lebel, which also has spores with isolated spines, lacks hymenial cystidia, and displays a similar pileus morphology (Lebel 2002, 2017). The phylogeny, however, places this species within the R. lilacea lineage (Fig. 2) (Adamčík et al. 2019). Moreover, the spores of R. spinispora are larger (8–10.9 × 8–10.4 µm) and more globose (Qavg 1.02–1.05), and this species displays a dark brown hymenium at maturity, both characteristics absent in R. ciceriformis . Similarly, R. leucocarpa T. Lebel (T. Lebel) displays spores of similar size and shape with isolated spines and lacks hymenial cystidia; however, it also lacks prominent pileocystidia (Lebel 2002, 2017). R. brevipileocystidiata X. Y. Sang &amp; L. Fan, R. subterranea L. Fan &amp; H. Y. Fu, R. lithocarpi W. N. Chou, and R. megapseudocystidiata X. Y. Sang &amp; L. Fan, all described from China, show similar spore ornamentation but possess hymenial cystidia (Sang et al. 2016; Fu et al. 2025). R. absphaerocellaris X. Y. Sang &amp; L. Fan, also described from China, likewise lacks hymenial cystidia and displays similar spore ornamentation (Sang et al. 2016). However, its spores are much larger (10–15 × 10–15 µm), and this species has a dark brown hymenium. Moreover, all these Chinese species are placed in different subsections based on molecular data.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2342F29913E0564FABBDC64FB545BFF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Tondeleir, Lowie;Amalfi, Mario;Stubbe, Dirk;Verbeken, Annemieke	Tondeleir, Lowie, Amalfi, Mario, Stubbe, Dirk, Verbeken, Annemieke (2026): Tales of the unexpected II: two new angiocarpic representatives of Russulaceae (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from tropical Southeast Asia. MycoKeys 129: 213-239, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.129.177637
