taxonID	type	description	language	source
03CB87F9A334FFC7E40CFD5BA9553229.taxon	description	This is the only monogeneric tribe (Beremendiini) among the Soricinae, comprising only the extinct genus Beremendia. Separation of this tribe from the other tribes is based on the intermediate position of its morphology between the Soriculini (bifid I 1 and presence of entoconid crests) and the Blarinini (structure of the condyle and intense dark red pigmentation) (REUMER 1984).	en	Botka, D., Mészáros, L. (2014): (Mammalia, Soricidae) remains from the late Early Pleistocene Somssich Hill 2 locality (Southern Hungary) and their taxonomic, biostratigraphical, palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographical relations. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 31: 83-115, DOI: 10.17111/FragmPalHung.2014.31.83, URL: https://doi.org/10.17111/fragmpalhung.2014.31.83
03CB87F9A334FFC0E43DFBC9A9FE32AD.taxon	description	(Figs 2 – 12, 16) 1864 Crossopus fissidens n. gen. n. sp. – PETÉNYI, pp. 60 – 70, pl. I, fig. 5. 1911 Neomys fissidens (Petényi) – KORMOS, pp. 156 – 158, pl. VII, figs 1 – 3. 1930 Neomys (?) fissidens (Petényi) – HELLER, pp. 254 – 258, text-figs 2 – 4, pl. XV, figs 1 – 3. 1930 Beremendia fissidens n. gen. (Petényi) – KORMOS, pp. 43 – 44, 57. 1934 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – KORMOS, pp. 299 – 301, fig. 33. 1936 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – HELLER, pp. 107 – 108, pl. VII, figs 1 – 2. 1949 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – FRIANT, pp. 256 – 257, fig. 17. 1958 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – KOWALSKI, pp. 13 – 14, fig. 4. 1959 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – SULIMSKI, pp. 152 – 154, tab. 7, text-fig. 4: 1 a-f, pl. III, fig. 7. 1966 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – FEJFAR, figs 4 f-j, 5 f-h, 10 d, h. 1967 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – REPENNING, pp. 50 – 51, fig. 35. 1976 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – FREUDENTHAL et al., pl. I. figs 7 – 8. 1976 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – RZEBIK-KOWALSKA, pp. 360 – 368, tabs I – III, X, figs 1 – 11, 21, 23, 25, 28 – 29, 33 – 35. 1979 Nectogalinia altaica n. gen. n. sp. – GUREEV, p. 458, fig. 235. 1984 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – REUMER, pp. 131 – 138, text-fig. 16, pl. 32, figs 1 – 13, pl. 33, figs 1 – 6, pl. 34, figs 1 – 4, pl. 35, figs 1 – 2. 1996 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – DAHLMANN & STORCH, p. 185, tab. 3. 2002 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – AGUILAR et al., p. 24, pl. II, figs 11 – 14. 2003 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – POPOV, pp. 60 – 62, tab. V, figs 7 – 8. 2004 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – SUÁREZ & MEIN, pp. 122 – 123, fig. 8 c-e. 2006 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – HARRISON et al., pp. 121 – 124, figs 1 a-c, 3 c, 4 a-b. 2007 Beremendia cf. fissidens (Petényi) – ČERMÁK et al., fig. 3 a, c. 2007 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – CUENCA-BESCÓS & ROFES, pp. 113 – 115, fig. 3 a. 2007 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – HORÁČEK et al., pp. 459 – 460, pl. 2, figs 3 – 4. 2009 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – ROFES & CUENCA-BESCÓS, pp. 24 – 30, tab. 1, figs 3 – 5. 2010 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – FURIÓ et al., pp. 929 – 936, figs 2 – 8. 2012 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – HELLMUND & ZIEGLER, p. 81, pl. 1, fig. 3. 2013 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – CUENCA-BESCÓS et al., fig. 4 d. 2013 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – RZEBIK-KOWALSKA, pp. 25 – 28, tabs 30 – 32, fig. 5: 7. 2014 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – BENNÀSAR et al., tab. 2, figs 3 – 4. in press Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – BOTKA & MÉSZÁROS, tabs 1 – 2, pl. I, figs 1 – 7. Type material – Crossopus fissidens Petényi, 1864: Hungarian Natural History Museum, Department of Palaeontology and Geology, inventory number V 61.1585. Syntypes: 1 skull fragment, 2 left and 2 right maxillae, 13 left and 15 right mandibles, 1 condyle and 8 I 1. Type locality – Beremend limestone quarry (locality 2), Villány Hills, Hungary, Upper Pliocene (Villányian Stage, Beremend Phase, MN 16). Studied material – Somssich Hill 2 locality: 13 left maxillary fragments, 11 right maxillary fragments, 9 left mandibles, 6 right mandibles, 20 left mandible fragments, 18 right mandible fragments, 8 left I 1, 13 right I 1, 5 left P 4, 6 right P 4, 5 left M 1, 4 right M 1, 3 left M 2, 2 right M 2, 10 left I 1, 5 right I 1, 1 left A 1, 1 left A 2, 8 left M 1, 6 right M 1, 3 left M 2, 7 right M 2, 1 right M 3 and 4 humeri. Measurements – Table 1. Dental formula – 153 / 123 or 143 / 123 (A 4 is missing from a few specimens).	en	Botka, D., Mészáros, L. (2014): (Mammalia, Soricidae) remains from the late Early Pleistocene Somssich Hill 2 locality (Southern Hungary) and their taxonomic, biostratigraphical, palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographical relations. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 31: 83-115, DOI: 10.17111/FragmPalHung.2014.31.83, URL: https://doi.org/10.17111/fragmpalhung.2014.31.83
03CB87F9A33FFFCFE46FFA1BAEB535F1.taxon	description	(Figs 13 – 15) 1962 Beremendia fissidens (Petényi) – DEHM, pp. 25 – 26, pl. 3, figs 10 – 13. 1964 Beremendia sp. – FEJFAR, pp. 33 – 34. 1976 Beremendia minor n. sp. – RZEBIK-KOWALSKA, pp. 369 – 371, tabs IV – V, figs 12 – 16, 17 a, 18 c. 1984 Beremendia minor Rzebik-Kowalska – REUMER, p. 101, text-fig. 16, pl. 32, figs 14 – 15, pl. 33, figs 7 – 9, pl. 35, figs 3 – 6. 1996 Beremendia minor Rzebik-Kowalska – DAHLMANN & STORCH, p. 185. 2009 Beremendia minor Rzebik-Kowalska – ROFES & CUENCA-BESCOS, pp. 30 – 32, fig. 5. 2013 Beremendia minor Rzebik-Kowalska – RZEBIK-KOWALSKA, pp. 26, 28. Type material – Holotype: right mandible fragment with P 4 - M 3 and skull processes except angular process (ZZSiD, No. MF / 1513). I 1, left and right maxillary fragment with M 1 and M 2, left mandible fragment with M 1 and skull processes except the angular process, and 9 right mandible fragments, partly with skull processes except the angular process and all together providing a full set of the lower teeth except I 1 (RZEBIK-KOWALSKA 1976). Type locality – Rębielice Królewskie 1 A, Poland, Upper Pliocene (MN 16, Lower Villafranchian Stage). Studied material – Somssich Hill 2 locality: 1 right maxillary fragment, 1 left mandible fragment, 5 right mandible fragments, 1 right P 4, 1 left M 1, 1 right I 1 and 1 right M 2. Measurements – Table 2. Dental formula – 153 / 123. Original diagnosis – The morphological structure of B. minor is an exact counterpart of the structure of B. fissidens, in connection with which its classification in the genus Beremendia does not rouse doubt. However, the dimensions of this species are much smaller than those of the members of B. fissidens from the same locality and the smallest specimens from the Pliocene locality at Węże I. As the difference in size is conspicuous, the dimensions of the two forms do not overlap, and they occur in the same locality, the small form has been included in a separate species (after RZEBIK-KOWALSKA 1976). Emended diagnosis – According to REUMER (1984) B. minor is morphologically identical to B. fissidens. The two species differ only in size, B. minor is considerably smaller than B. fissidens. Anatomical description – The dimensions of the species are significantly smaller than those of B. fissidens (not only the dental elements but also the size of the mental foramen, its anterior basin and the parameters of the symphysis fossa). I 1 – The angle of I 1 is smaller between the ventral part of the apex and the anterior margin of the talon. I 1 – It has a more pointed apex and a more curved lower incisor. M 3 – B. minor has a high entoconid, a rounded hypolophid and the posterior margin of the talonid is round (Figs 13 – 15). Remarks – The occurrence of the small form of Beremendia is also mentioned by FEJFAR (1964) from Hajnačka (Slovakia), which corresponds in age with Rębielice Królewskie. FEJFAR described them as Beremendia sp. According to RZEBIK-KOWALSKA (1976) Beremendia fissidens remains from Schernfeld (Austria) (DEHM 1962) and the Beremendia sp. from Hajnačka (FEJFAR 1964) seems to be as small as B. minor in dimensions. The measurements of the small form of Beremendia from the Somssich Hill 2 locality compounds with the aforementioned remains (DEHM 1962; FEJFAR 1964).	en	Botka, D., Mészáros, L. (2014): (Mammalia, Soricidae) remains from the late Early Pleistocene Somssich Hill 2 locality (Southern Hungary) and their taxonomic, biostratigraphical, palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographical relations. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 31: 83-115, DOI: 10.17111/FragmPalHung.2014.31.83, URL: https://doi.org/10.17111/fragmpalhung.2014.31.83
03CB87F9A322FFDCE7F4FE32AE5C37E4.taxon	description	The layer-by-layer occurrences of the two studied Beremendia species in the Somssich Hill 2 section do not show significant differences between the preferences of the two forms (Table 3). That is why both of them can be considered here as the indicators of gallery forests or bushy vegetation on the side of a lake or a river. It should be noted that BOTKA & MÉSZÁROS (in press) gave a figure on the MNI of B. fissidens teeth by layers from Somssich Hill 2 site. These data were completed with some specimens, yielded by the present studies. Otherwise some teeth should have been re-determined as B. minor. That is why the data of Table 3 are somewhat different from Figure 4 of BOTKA & MÉSZÁROS (in press). Palaeobiogeography	en	Botka, D., Mészáros, L. (2014): (Mammalia, Soricidae) remains from the late Early Pleistocene Somssich Hill 2 locality (Southern Hungary) and their taxonomic, biostratigraphical, palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographical relations. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 31: 83-115, DOI: 10.17111/FragmPalHung.2014.31.83, URL: https://doi.org/10.17111/fragmpalhung.2014.31.83
03CB87F9A32FFFDCE70BFE7FAFAA336A.taxon	description	The first appearance of the genus was probably in Central Europe (MN 14 of Poland and Hungary). The spreading of the genus started from here in the Middle Pliocene (MN 15). During the Late Pliocene (MN 16) the genus expanded to a south – southwest direction (Spain, Italy and certainly Southern France but in the latter area there are no evidences for the genus yet, only from MN 17). In the earliest Pleistocene (MN 17) we can see a northern transgression of Beremendia shrews to the Netherlands and Southern England. The genus reached its maximal distribution in the Early Pleistocene. From this period some localities are known in Ukraine and Russia, too (Figs 28, 30 a-c). In the Middle Pleistocene of Europe B. fissidens was the last representative of the genus and this species became extinct until the middle part of the Middle Pleistocene. The youngest occurrences of the genus are in Poland (Kozi Grzbiet 2 – 700 ka, STEFANIAK et al. 2009) and in Hungary (Tarkő – 350 ka, JÁNOSSY 1986) as well (Figs 27 – 30 a-c).	en	Botka, D., Mészáros, L. (2014): (Mammalia, Soricidae) remains from the late Early Pleistocene Somssich Hill 2 locality (Southern Hungary) and their taxonomic, biostratigraphical, palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographical relations. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 31: 83-115, DOI: 10.17111/FragmPalHung.2014.31.83, URL: https://doi.org/10.17111/fragmpalhung.2014.31.83
