identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03CE5D53FF9FB71DFCFCBDFDFE27FA2C.text	03CE5D53FF9FB71DFCFCBDFDFE27FA2C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bunocephalus doriae (Boulenger 1902) Boulenger 1902	<div><p>Bunocephalus doriae</p><p>is the first species of the Aspredinidae family cytogenetically described. The modal diploid number determined for the individuals of Bunocephalus doriae examined was 50 chromosomes (Fig. 1a), with no chromosomal differences detected between males and females. Within the order Siluriformes, the only species with 2n=50 chromosomes studied so far belong to the Pimelodidae family (i.e. Pinirampus pirinampu, Calophysus macropterus, Luciopimelodus pati) (Swarça et al., 1999; Vasconcelos &amp; Martins-Santos, 2000; Sanchez, 2006). Oliveira &amp; Gosztonyi (2000) reported that karyotypes of 2n= 56 have been reported in thirteen genera of Siluriformes, suggesting that this could be the basal chromosome number for the order. However, considering the few cytogenetic data available for some groups, generalizations should be carefully revised (Swarça et al., 2007).</p><p>The chromosome formulae established consisted of 6m, 10sm, 6st, and 28a and the fundamental number (FN) was 72 (Fig. 1a). A very interesting and exclusive characteristic observed was the presence of the first pair of subtelocentrics as the largest chromosome pair of the complement. The presence of an asymmetric karyotype with a large number of acrocentric chromosomes in Bunocephalus doriae sets this species apart from all other species belonging to the Order Siluriformes, characterized by a large number of biarmed chromosomes and therefore, high values of FN as one of its main chromosomal features (Swarça et al., 2007).</p><p>Silver staining allowed the detection of NORs on terminal regions of the short arm of a subtelocentric chromosome pair (pair 11) in a secondary constriction (Fig. 1a). These results (e.g. NORs on terminal regions of the short arm) were also observed in species of the sister groups Auchenipteridae (Fenocchio &amp; Bertollo, 1992; Ravedutti &amp; Júlio Jr, 2001; Lui et al., 2009) and Doradidae (Fenocchio et al., 1993, Eler et al., 2007, Milhomem et al., 2008). Likewise, other species such as Pinirampus pirinampu, Calophysus macropterus, and Luciopimelodus pati (Swarça et al., 1999; Vasconcelos &amp; Martins-Santos, 2000, Sanchez, 2006), which share the same diploid chromosome number with Bunocephalus doriae, also exhibited NORs on the short arms of a subtelocentric chromosome pair.</p><p>Heterochromatin was visualized in centromeric regions of several chromosomes of the complement (Fig. 1b) after Cbanding. The C–banding pattern was similar to the ones reported for Doradidae (Milhomem et al., 2008) and Auchenipteridae (Lui et al., 2009) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CE5D53FF9FB71DFCFCBDFDFE27FA2C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Fenocchio, Alberto Sérgio;Swarça, Ana Cláudia	Fenocchio, Alberto Sérgio, Swarça, Ana Cláudia (2012): Cytogenetic description of Bunocephalus doriae Boulenger, 1902 (Siluriformes: Aspredinidae) from the Paraná River (Misiones, Argentina). Neotropical Ichthyology 10 (2): 461-464, DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252012005000014, URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252012000200022&lng=en&tlng=en
