identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C5878A6E1E1D0B8952FBD04C004039.text	03C5878A6E1E1D0B8952FBD04C004039.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Maximum parsimony	<div><p>Maximum parsimony</p><p>We performed equally and differentially weighted maximum  parsimony (MP) heuristic searches with a maximum of 99 999 trees; zero for random seed; and 10 000 sequence addition replicates and TBR branch swapping, using TNT (Goloboff, 1999). Non-parametric bootstrap analyses (Felsenstein, 1985) with 1000 pseudoreplicates and ten random sequence additions were conducted on the equally weighted data. Characters were optimized with ACCTRAN (accelerated transformation) in WINCLADA, favouring reversals over convergences (de Pinna, 1991; Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E1E1D0B8952FBD04C004039	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E191D0C8AF8F8844A71408D.text	03C5878A6E191D0C8AF8F8844A71408D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Maximum parsimony	<div><p>Maximum parsimony</p><p>Equally weighted parsimony analysis of the 70 parsimony informative characters results in only one most parsimonious tree (L = 202; CI = 50; RI = 62). Bootstrap analysis of these data results in a monophyletic group with strong support (95%) and Bremer, 1994 support of 11 (Fig. 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E191D0C8AF8F8844A71408D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E1A1D0589E3FCF54C534564.text	03C5878A6E1A1D0589E3FCF54C534564.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dilychnia Motschulsky 1854	<div><p>GENUS  DILYCHNIA MOTSCHULSKY, 1854</p><p>(FIGS 4–20, 22–34, 36–38)</p><p>Dilychnia Motschulsky, 1853: 30 (description [desc.]); Lacordaire, 1857: 319 (systematics [syst.]); Gemminger, 1870: 119 (catalog [cat.]); Kirsch, 1873: 390 (desc.); Olivier, 1911: 72; 1912: 171 (syst.); McDermott, 1966: 73 (cat.).</p><p>Lucidota Laporte, 1833 (partim); Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1869: 1639 (synonyms [syn.]); Olivier in Wytsman, 1907: 20 (syn.); Blackwelder, 1945: 353 (cat.). Type species:  Dilychnia basalis Motschulsky, 1853 by original designation, currently placed in synonymy with  Dilychnia guttula (Fabricius, 1801) .</p><p>Diagnosis: Antennal flagellum densely bristled (Fig. 6G), clypeus connate and co-planar with frons (Fig. 6E), pronotum with posterior margin conspicuously bisinuate (Fig. 7A), elytral secondary pubescence absent (Fig. 18A–C). Male with sternum VIII mucronate (Fig. 9E), paramere with elongate projections (Fig. 9G–I), phallus with struts longer than basal plate of the paramere and phallobase symmetrical (Fig. 9G).</p><p>lateral margins pale yellow (Fig. 11A–C). Abdomen dark brown (Fig. 22C) or basally yellow–orange, progressively black posteriad (Fig. 29B).</p><p>Head: Completely covered by pronotum (Fig. 22A), hypognathous (Fig. 22C), clypeus connate to frons, emarginate anteriad, 2× wider than long (Fig. 6E). Mandible stout basally, proximal region with a fringe of bristles, apex thin (Fig. 6A), crossed in frontal view (Fig.6E). Maxilla with galea thin and covered by bristles (Fig. 6A), lacinia medially fused, internal margin with a thick fringe of bristles; palpifer rectangular; palpi four-segmented (Fig. 6A).</p><p>Description of male</p><p>Coloration: Antenna entirely dark brown (Fig. 6G). Prothorax entirely light orange or yellowish brown, central region slightly darker (Fig. 7). Elytron brown– orange (Fig. 13A, B) or dark brown (Fig. 12A–C), sometimes with basal one-third (Fig. 18A–C) or with Thorax: Pronotum with anterior margin coarsely punctured, central region biconvex, anterior and lateral margins slightly concave, posterior margin with posterior angles projected posteriad (Fig. 7A). Hypomeron trapezoidal, ventral margin medially projected downwards (Fig. 7E). Scutellum triangular, slightly truncate posteriad (Fig. 25A). Mesosternum sclerotized, acuminate posteriad and attached to metasternum by a sclerotized suture (Fig. 25D). Metasternum slightly depressed by the mesocoxae, anterior medial keel distinct, weakly developed, almost as long as one-quarter of sternum length (Fig. 25B–D); lateral margin convex, divergent up to half its length. Mesosternum/mesanepisternum suture indistinct (Fig. 25D). Mesepimeron attachment to metasternum coriaceous (Fig. 25C). Metasternum slightly wider than long and posterior margin strongly emarginate (Fig. 25B). Elytron slightly convex (Fig. 18A–C), feebly convergent at apical third, rounded at apex. Hind wing well developed, posterior margin sinuose, 2× longer than wide; costal row with setae inconspicuous; CuA2 absent, MP-Cu present; RP + MP 1 + 2 three-quarters as long as</p><p>856 S. VAZ ET AL.</p><p>r4, almost reaching distal margin, J as long as RP + MP 1 + 2 (Fig. 18D). Legs with metafemur slightly narrower than pro- and mesofemora, tibia with outer margin covered by short setae (Fig. 8), tarsomere I with lateral margin straight and 1.5× longer than II, pro- and mesotarsomere dorsally indented; II 2× longer than III; III annular; IV bilobate with pilose pad, claws simple (Fig. 8).</p><p>Abdomen: Seven visible sterna (II–VIII), lateral margins divergent posteriad, spiracles dorsal (Fig. 9B); sterna VIII wider than long, posterior margin mucronate (Fig. 9E); pygidium sclerotized, posterior margin with two parasagittal sinuosities (Fig. 9D); sternum IX subtriangular (Fig. 9F).</p><p>Aedeagus: Phallobase symmetrical (Fig. 9G); parameres symmetrical and apex acute, and with projection membranous (Fig. 9G); phallus extending basally beyond paramere; ventral plate with lateral margin sinuose, fused basally and strongly sclerotized (Fig. 9H–I).</p><p>Description of female</p><p>Eyes slightly smaller than frons width; sternum VI with light organ smaller than in males, usually one-third of the width of the sternum; sternum VII with light organ slightly smaller than light organ of sternum VI, but absent in  D. guttula and  D. disparilis; sternum VIII with lateral margins converging posteriad and posterior margin with median region emarginate; pygidium with posterior margin with parasagittal sinuosities and a median region slightly rounded. Genitalia with one rounded spermatheca and a large spermatophore-digesting gland; ovipositor with styli apically sclerotized and bristled outwards at the lateral edges.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E1A1D0589E3FCF54C534564	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E0B1D1E8A8DFC194AC44416.text	03C5878A6E0B1D1E8A8DFC194AC44416.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dilychnia guttula (Fabricius 1801)	<div><p>DILYCHNIA GUTTULA (FABRICIUS, 1801)</p><p>(FIGS 6–9, 18, 22, 24, 25)</p><p>Lampyris guttula Fabricius, 1801: 101 (desc.).</p><p>Dilychnia basalis Motschulsky, 1854: 7 (desc.); Lacordaire, 1857: 319; Olivier, 1899: 75 (syn.).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E0B1D1E8A8DFC194AC44416	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E0B1D148940FFA54BEA4172.text	03C5878A6E0B1D148940FFA54BEA4172.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dilychnia Motschulsky 1853	<div><p>Dilychnia species Taxonomic authority and year</p><p>Dilychnia guttula (Fabricius, 1801)</p><p>Dilychnia ruficollis Motschulsky, 1854</p><p>Dilychnia succensa (Olivier, 1907)</p><p>Dilychnia propinqua (Olivier, 1909)</p><p>Dilychnia disparilis Olivier, 1911</p><p>Dilychnia cavicollis Olivier, 1912</p><p>Dilychnia dumasi Vaz, Mermudes, Paiva &amp; Silveira, present study</p>KEY TO THE SPECIES OF  DILYCHNIA(Figs 6G, 7A, B, 9E, 11A–C, G, 12A, C, E, 13, 18A–C, 22D, 29A–C, 32A–C, 34A–D, 37A–D)1. Sterna VI and VII with ellipsoid light organs as wide as or slightly narrower than one-third of sternum length (Figs 12C, 13B, 22D) .......................................................................................................................... 21 ′. Sterna VI and VII with rectangular light organs almost reaching lateral margin (Figs 11C, 29C, 34B, 37B) ............................................................................................................................................................... 42. Pronotum bright orange and elytra with basal one-third orange or completely black (Figs 7A, 12A, 18A–C), antenna slightly serrate until antennomere IX (Figs 6G, 12A) ................................................... 3 2 ′. Pronotum and elytron orange and antenna strongly serrate until antennomere X (Fig. 13) …  D. disparilis 3. Pronotum slightly wider than long, and semicircular(Fig.7A,B); elytra with basal third orange (Fig.18A–C); and sternum VIII with lateral margin rounded (Fig. 9E) ............................................................  D. guttula 3 ′. Pronotum trapezoidal, almost 2× wider than long (Fig. 12A); elytron dark brown (Fig. 12A); and sternum VIII with lateral margin convergent posteriad (Fig. 12E) ........................................................  D. ruficollis 4. Body length&gt; 2.0 cm (Fig. 29A–C) .............................................................................................  D. succensa4 ′. Body length &lt;2.0 cm (Figs 11A–C, 34A–C, 37A–C) ................................................................................... 55. Light organs on sternites VI and VII occupying the whole sternum (Figs 11G, 37D) .............................. 6 5 ′. Light organs on sternites VI and VII almost as wide as sternum (lateral margins straight) (Fig. 34D).... ...................................................................................................................................................  D. propinqua 6. Elytra with outer margin and lateral margins yellowish (Fig. 11A); body length&gt; 1 cm; and light organs with lateral margin slightly emarginate (Fig. 11G) ..................................................................  D. cavicollis 6 ′. Elytron black or dark brown (Fig. 20A–C); body length ≤ 1 cm; and light organs with margin straight (Fig. 37A–D) ..................................................................................................................................  D. dumasi<p>Lucidota dimidiatipennis Lucas, 1857: 87 (desc.); Olivier, 1899: 75 (syn.) non  Lucidota dimidiatipennis Jaquelin Du Val, 1857 .</p><p>Lucidota dimidiatipennis Jaquelin Du Val, 1857: 84 (desc.).</p><p>Lucidota basalis; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869: 1639 (syst.).</p><p>Lucidota semicolor Gemminger 1870: 119 (nom. nov. for  Lucidota dimidiatipennis Lucas, 1857).</p><p>Photinus pectoralis Kirsch, 1873: 389 (desc.); Olivier, 1899: 75 (syn.).</p><p>Photinus guttula; Olivier, 1899: 75 (syst.).</p><p>Lucidota guttula; Olivier in Wytsman 1907: 20; Blackwelder, 1945: 354 (cat.).</p><p>Dilychnia guttula; Olivier 1911: 72; McDermott, 1966: 73 (cat.).</p><p>Type material:   Holotype, male (ZMUK) (Fig. 24A). Labels:  L. guttula ex. Am: mer: Schmidt [light brown label]; Type [red label]; ZMUC 00031356 [white label] (Fig. 24B).</p><p>Diagnosis: Males with antennomere III as long as scape, antennomeres III –IX serrate, X–XI filiform (Fig. 6G), elytra with lateral margin rounded (Fig. 18A–C), sterna VI and VII with elliptical light organs in central region, covering one-third of sternum width (Fig. 22D); sternum VIII as long as one-half of sternum length (Fig. 9E), pygidium with lateral margin and posterior margin with straight median region (Fig. 9D), aedeagus with phallobase elongated and median region slightly emarginate (Fig. 9G–I).</p><p>Colour pattern: Frons and antenna dark brown, mouthparts light brown (Fig. 6E, G); pronotum orange, anterior margin yellowish, and median region and posterior margin orange (Fig. 7A, B); scutellum orange (Fig. 25A); elytron with basal one-third orange and black towards apex (Fig. 18A–C); pro- and mesofemora orange, and tibia and tarsus black, metaleg black (Fig. 8); abdomen dark brown to black (Figs 9C, 22C).</p><p>Head: Antenna slightly serrate, covered with short bristles (Fig. 6G). Palpi four-segmented: I small and thin in comparison to II; II 2× longer than III, cylindrical; III rectangular; IV robust and medially fusiform, 1.5× longer than I (Fig. 6A). Labium with palpi three-segmented: I and II subequal; III securiform, 3× longer than maxillary palpomere IV (Fig. 6A).</p><p>Thorax: Pronotum semicircular, 1.5× wider than long, with anterior and lateral margins rounded, posterior margin with median one-third rounded and posterior angles projected, acute and convergent posteriad (Fig. 7A–D). Hypomeron trapezoidal, protruded outwards laterally (Fig. 7E). Elytra slightly convex, with lateral margin rounded and apex rounded (Fig. 18A–C); Hind wing well developed, 2× longer than width, posterior margin sinuous in AA3 zone, subcostal almost reaching anterior margin; CuA2 absent. MP-Cu present; MP 3 + 4 long, starting basally and reaching apex; r4 one-third longer than RP + MP 1 + 2, almost reaching distal margin, J</p><p>slightly smaller than RP + MP 1 + 2; r3 as long as half of RC width (Fig. 18D).</p><p>Abdomen: Sterna with lateral margins divergent posteriad (Fig. 9C); sterna VI and VII median region with elliptical light organ (Fig. 22D); sternum VIII slightly wider than long (Fig. 9E); pygidium as wide as long, posterior margin with median region rounded (Fig. 9D); sternum IX with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 9F).</p><p>Aedeagus: Phallobase with lateral margin elongated and posterior margin slightly emarginate to rounded (Fig. 9G); paramere apically acute and strongly sclerotized, posterior margin narrowed mucronate (Fig. 9G); phallus with basal part extending slightly towards phallobase (Fig. 9H–I).</p><p>Female: Pronotum 2× wider than long; sternum VI with circular light organ, as long as wide; sternum VII lacking light organs, and in some specimens with a rudimentary light organ; sternum VIII with lateral margins slightly converging posteriad and posterior margin with median region emarginate; pygidium posterior margin with parasagittal sinuosities, posterior angles straight, and a rounded median region.</p><p>Remarks:  Lampyris guttula was described by Fabricius in 1801, based on material collected during the South American expedition of D. Schmidt from Sehestedt. This material was incorporated into the Fabricius collection, currently deposited in Kiel (A. Solodovnikov, pers. comm.). In 1852, Motschulsky described the genus  Dilychnia and its type species  D. basalis in 1853. Gemminger &amp; Harold (1869) considered  Dilychnia as a junior synonym of  Lucidota and used the name  Lucidota basalis for the first time. Gemminger (1870) studied  Lucidota dimidiatipennis Lucas, 1857 and found that it was preoccupied by  Lucidota dimidiatipennis Jaquelin Du Val, 1857 . To solve this homonymy, he proposed the new epithet  semicolor and transferred this species to  Dilychnia, creating  Dilychnia semicolor . Later, Olivier (1899) synonymized  Lucidota dimidiatipennis Lucas, 1857,  Photinus pectoralis Kirsch, 1873 and  Dilychnia basalis Motschulsky, 1853 with  Lampyris guttula Fabricius, 1801 and transferred it to the genus  Photinus Laporte, 1833 as  Photinus guttula . Olivier in Wytsman (1907) synonymized the genus  Dilychnia with  Lucidota and used  Lucidota guttula for the first time. Subsequently, Olivier (1911) revalidated  Dilychnia and finally used  Dilychnia guttula for this species.</p><p>Dilychnia guttula can be distinguished from others by its overall dark brown colour pattern, with the pronotum and elytral basal one-third orange and dark brown apex (Fig. 18A–C), its serrate antennomeres III – IX, filiform antennomeres X and XI (Fig. 6G), a pronotum with projecting posterior angles (Fig. 18A), a slightly wider than long pygidium (Fig. 9D) and a phallobase of the aedeagus with elongate lateral margin and slightly emarginate posterior margin (Fig. 9G–I).</p><p>In addition to the type species of  D. guttula at Zoologisches Museum Universität Kiel (Fig. 24), we found specimens previously compared with the type by E. Olivier at the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris.</p><p>Material examined:   Fifteen males, without data,  guttula det. E. Olivier (compared with type) (MNHN). VENEZUELA: Padron:  Est. Exp. De Caucaguá,  1 male, 16. III, R .   Cuira (MZSP). BRAZIL: Acre: Cruzeiro do Sul,  Ilha Florianópolis,  1 male, 12–17. V .1981, Norman &amp; Elias (INPA),  1 male, 16. V  .1981, Jorge Arias (INPA),  Rio Branco,  2 female, 1 male, 25.X–08.XI.1991, F. Ramos; A. Henriques; I. Gorayeb &amp; N. Bittencourt, trap in 20m (MPEG),  2 female, 25.X–08.XI.1991, F. Ramos; A. Henriques; I. Gorayeb &amp; N. Bittencourt, Malaise (MPEG),   2 male, 25.X–08.XI.1991, F. Ramos; A. Henriques; I. Gorayeb &amp; N. Bittencourt (MPEG); Amapá: Rio Calçoene,  Lago do Tigre,  1 male, 06–08. VIII  .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  Rio Felicio,  1 male, 18. VII  .1959, J. Lane (MZSP),  Rio Felício,  2 male, 08. VIII  .1957, J. Lane (MZSP),  Serra do Navio,  1 male, 06. VII .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  1 male, 13. VII .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  1 male, 17. VII  .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  Serra Lombard,  1 male, 03.IX.1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  2 female, 4 male, 04.IX.1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  1 male, 19. VIII . 1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  2 male, 20. VIII .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  1 male, 21. VIII . 1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  1 female, 22. VIII .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  1 male, 23. VIII .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  1 male, 26. VIII .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  2 female, 28. VIII .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  1 male, 30. VIII .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG); Amazonas: BR 174, km 115,   2 female, 16.XI.1977, Norman D. Penny (INPA),  Itacoatiara,   1 female, Dirings (MZSP),  Manaus, INPA ,  1 female, 06. VI  .1977, Joselita Santos (INPA),  Manaus, INPA  Campus II, 03°06 ′ 07 ″ S, 60°01 ′ 30 ″ W,  1 female, 04–29.IV.2005, P.J. R .   Neves, Lençol luminoso (INPA), S. Izabel, Rio Negro,  Maturaca,   1 male, 11–18.X.1990, J.A. Rafael, Malaise (INPA),  Tabatinga,  1 female, 22–24. VII  .1956, M. Alvarenga (MNRJ), Benjamin Constant,  Rio Javari,   1 male, XI.1961, Dirings (MZSP), Benjamin Constant,  Rio Javary – Alto Amazonas,  1 male, VII .1960, Dirings (MZSP),   1 female, XI.1960, Dirings (MZSP),  Itacoatiara,  1 male, VIII  .1960, Dirings (MZSP);  Am 010, km 26 ,  1 male, 04. VI  .1976, Laelvo (INPA),  Am 010, km 45 ,   1 female, 25.IV.1982, E. F. Ribeiro (INPA), Barcelos,  Rio Demeni Pirico,  1 female, VIII .2008, A. Silva &amp; R .   Machado, Malaise (INPA), Barcelos, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-62.789165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.325" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -62.789165/lat -0.325)">Rio Demeni Pirico</a>, 0°19 ′ 30 ″ S, 62°47 ′ 21 ″ W ,  1 female, VIII .2008, A. Silva &amp; R .   Machado (INPA), Borba,  Guajará,  1 female, 1 male, V .1943, A. Parko (MNRJ),  1 female, V .1945, A. Parko (MNRJ), BR – 174 km 45,   1 male, 02.IV.1982, E. L. Ribeiro (INPA), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-67.182495&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.0908337" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -67.182495/lat -5.0908337)">Carauari</a>, 5°05 ′ 27 ″ S, 67°10 ′ 57 ″ W ,  1 female, VII  .2005, F. F. Xavier-Filho (INPA), Careiro Castanho, Sistema Janauacá,  Lago Castanho,  1 male, 18. VI  .1976, Joselita Santos (INPA),  Conj. João Bosco Flores,  1 male, 08.IV.1988, A. C. Ferreira (INPA),   1 female, 26.IV.1988, A. C. Mascitilli (INPA),  Itacoatiara,  1 male, III .1964, Dirings (MZSP),  1 female, XI.1959, Dirings (MZSP),  1 male, XII.1961, Dirings (MZSP),   1 female, Dirings (MZSP),  Manaus, 30 ′ 8 ″ S, 60°01 ′ W ,   1 male, 04.IV.2005, D. S. Carrasco, Rede entomológico (INPA),  Manaus,  1 female, 05.IV.1986, Lindalva (INPA),  1 male, 09. V .1976, Ester (INPA),  1 female, 18. VI .1976, Rulino (INPA),  1 male, 23. III .1982, E.F. Ribeiro (INPA),  1 female, V  .1968 C. S. Antonio (INPA), Manaus, Adrianópolis,  Rua Belo Horizonte,   1 female, 27.IV.2008, J. F. Barbosa (INPA),  Manaus, Bairro Coroado II , 03°06 ′ 07 ″ S, 60°01 ′ 30 ″ W,   1 male, 13.IV.2005, J.S. Araújo (INPA), Manaus,  Bosque da Ciência, INPA ,  1 male, 01–04. V .2007, A. R.  Figueiredo (INPA),  1 female, 21. V .2005, M.C.M. Castro, Rede entomológico (INPA),  1 male, 23–24.IV.2007, C. A. Nogueira, busca ativa (INPA),   1 female, 26.IV.2007, W. C. Lourenço (INPA), Manaus,  Coroado,  1 male, 03. III  .2005, B. M. Oliveira (INPA),  Manaus, INPA ,  1 female, 02. VI .1976, Miriam Serrano (INPA),  1 female, 08. VI .1976,  Lina Dias (INPA),  1 female, 09. V .1977, Paraluppi (INPA),  1 male, 10. VI .1976, Mário Dantas (INPA),  1 male, 12. V .1976, I.S. Gorayed (INPA),  1 female, 1 male, 12. VI .1976, B. Mascarenhas (INPA),  1 female, 13. VI .1976, B. Mascarenhas (INPA),  1 male, 14. V .1976, A. P.A. Lima Dias (INPA),  1 male, 15.IV.1988, S. S. Leite &amp; M. Amorim (INPA),  1 male, 15. V .1979, I. Arias (INPA),  1 female, 18. V .1976, A. P. A. Lima Dias (INPA),  1 female, 20.IV.1976, A. P. A. Luna Dias (INPA),  1 female, 20. VI .1976 (INPA),  1 female, 21. V .1976, Ício (INPA),  1 female, 22.IV.1976, Ício (INPA),  1 male, 23. V  .1976, Paralupfi (INPA),  Manaus, INPA , 03°06 ′ 07 ″ S, 60°01 ′ 30 ″ W,   1 female, 24.IV.2006, A. A. Pinto (INPA),  Manaus, INPA ,  1 male, 26. V .1976, Ício (INPA),  1 male, 28.IV.1988, S. S. Leite (INPA),  1 female, 1 male, 29.IV.1976, A. F. A. Luna Dias (INPA),  1 female, VI  .1971, E. Castellón (INPA),  Manaus, INPA  I, 03°06 ′ 07 ″ S, 60°01 ′ 30 ″ W,  1 male, 04–29.IV.2005, K. L. Pereira (INPA),  1 female, 24.IV.2005, V. R .   Alves, Rede entomológico (INPA),  Manaus, INPA , Estrada Aleixo,  1 female, 20. V  .1976, Dellome (INPA),  Manaus, km 41 ,   1 male, 18–19.IV.2005, B. S. Godoy, Puçá (INPA),  Manaus, km 45 ,   1 female, 09.IV.1992, E. L. Oliveira (INPA),  Manaus, km 45 ,   1 male, 25.IV.1952, J. W. Morais (INPA),  Manaus, km 45 ,  1 female, 25.IV.1982, J. W. Morais (INPA),   1 female, 25.X.1982, J. W. Morais (INPA), Manaus, P.  Laranjeiras,  1 male, 06. VI  .1981, Jorge Arias (INPA), Manaus,  Reserva Ducke,  1 female, 04. VII .1997, L. Albuquerque (INPA),  1 female, 14. VIII  .1969, A. Faustino (INPA), Manaus, Sítio Vida Tropical,  Rodovia Am-010 km 30 ,   1 female, 20–21.IV.1996, J. F. Medeiros (INPA), Manaus,  Universidade do Amazonas, Av. Rodrigo Otávio, 3000 ,  1 male, 14.IV.2002, D. L. V .   Pereira, Rede entomológica (INPA),  Maués,   1 male, XII.1926, H. L. Boy (MNRJ), Parque Nacional Jau, Rio Carabinani,  Igarapé Preguição,  1 male, 20–29. VI  .1994, L. S. Aquino (INPA),  São Paulo Olivença,  1 female, 1 male, VIII  .1925, H. L. Boy (MNRJ),  Tabatinga,  1 female, 2 male, 22–24. VII  .1956, M. Alvarenga (INPA), Taracuá,  Rio Uaupés,  1 female, VIII .1964, Pereira &amp; Machado (MZSP),  2 male, 25.IV.1976, Paraluppi (INPA),   2 female, 1 male, J. C. Carvalho (MNRJ). Bahia: Uruçuca, Fazenda Zona do Tijuipe, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.022778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.429444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.022778/lat -14.429444)">Restinga</a>, 14°25 ′ 46 ″ S, 39°01 ′ 22 ″ W ,   1 female, 22–26.IX.2015, M. A. Ulyssea &amp; F. F. Albertoni, Busca ativa (MZSP); Maranhão: Aldeia Araçú,  Igarapé Gurupi,  1 male, V  .1963, B. Malkin (MZSP),  Carolina Serra Grande, 07°04 ′ 28 ″ S, 47°24 ′ 12 ″ W ,   1 female, 13.XII.2001, F. L. Oliveira &amp; J. Vidal, Malaise (INPA); Mato Grosso: Aripuanã,  Aeroporto,   1 female, 26.I.1976, L. P. Albuquerque (INPA),  Chapada Guimarães,  1 male, 05. II  .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  Cuiabá,   1 male, 14.X.1993, Leodenil Duarte (UFMT),  Rondonópolis,   1 male, 31.X.1991, M. Tavares (MZSP); Pará: Altamira, Castelo dos Sonhos –  Área 18 ,   1 male, XI.2005, A. L. Nunes, Busca ativa (MPEG),  Belém,  1 female, 01. VII  .1965, P. Waldir (MPEG),  Belém Brasília Km 901 female, 30. VII  .1974, M. Helena (MPEG),  Belém Mocambo,  1 female, 02. VII .1965, P. Waldir (MPEG),  1 female, 06. VIII .1977, W. L. Overel (MPEG),  1 female, 08. VII .1977, W. L. Overel (MPEG),  1 female, 08. VII .2007, S. B. Fáveri, Malaise (MPEG),  1 female, 10.IX.1977, M. F. Torres (MPEG),  2 female, 16. VI .1978, Malaise (MPEG),  1 female, 20. V .1978, M. F. Torres (MPEG),  1 female, 20. VI .1978, Malaise (MPEG),  1 female, 20. VI .1978, M. F. Torres (MPEG),  2 female, 24. VI .1977, L. Hock (MPEG),  1 female, 28. VI  .1988, Dione de Sá (MPEG),  Belém Utinga,  1 female, 06. VI  .1989,  Dione de Sá (MPEG) ,  1 male, 15. II  .1979, A. F. Ramos (MPEG),  Bragança,  1 female, 28. V  .1978, W. L. Overel (MPEG), Canindé,  Rio Gurupí,  1 male, VI  .1963, B. Malkin (MZSP),  Gorotire Xingu,  1 female, 08. VIII  .1977, D. A. Posey (MPEG), Itaituba,  Rio Tapajós,   1 male, IX.1962, Dirings (MZSP), Melgaço PPBio –  Caquajó,  1 male, 27.X.1984, Luz (MPEG), Município Benevides PA – 408 km 06,  1 female, 20. VI  .1980 (MPEG), Óbidos,  Baixo Amazonas,  1 male, II  .1960, Dirings (MZSP), Óbidos,  Canta Galo,   1 male, XII.1956, Dirings (MZSP), Santarenzinho,  Rio Tapajós,  1 male, VI  .1960, Dirings (MZSP),  Serra Norte,   1 female, 21.IX.1978, P. Celso (MPEG),  Sta. Isabel do Pará,  1 female, 09. VII .1962, J. Bechyné (MZSP),  1 female, 27. VI  .1978, Malaise (MPEG), Chaves – Ilha Caviana,  Fazenda São Luiz,  1 female, 15. VII –13. VIII  .1991, M. Fernandes, Malaise (MPEG), Mocajuba,  Mangabeira,  1 male, VI  .1953, Orlando Rego (MNRJ); Acará,  Ilha do Combu,  1 male, 16. VII  .1988, J. Dias (MPEG), Monte Alegre,  Serra Itauajuri,  1 male, 28.I.1996, R .   M. Valente (MPEG); Piauí: Piracuruca, Riacho Piedades, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-41.7275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-40.109444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -41.7275/lat -40.109444)">Parque Nacional Sete Cidades</a>, 40°6 ′ 34 ″ S, 41°43 ′ 39 ″ W, 169 m ,   1 male, 18–19.IV.2012, D.M. Takiya, Varredura (DZRJ); Rondônia:  Mutum–Paraná,  1 male, 19. VI –02. VII  .2010, Equipe Entomológica Jirau, Malaise (DZRJ); Roraima: Rio Uraricoera,  Ilha de Maraca,  1 male, 02–13. V  .1987, J. A. Rafael, J. E. B. Brasil &amp; L. S. Aquino (INPA); PERU: Madre de Dios: 12rd km e Mazuko, ponte <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.346085&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.047528" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.346085/lat -13.047528)">Amanapu</a>, 13°2 ′ 51.1 ″ S, 70°20 ′ 45.9 ″ W ,  1 female, 18–22. VIII .2012, R. R .   Cavichioli; J. A. Rafael; A. P. M. Santos &amp; D. M. Takiya, Malaise (DZRJ), Vasconcelos Xingu M.  Gr .,  1 male, XI.1958, R .  Arle (MNRJ),  1 female, 02. V  .1976, I. S. Gorayeb, Luz (INPA); Tingo Maria:  Rio Huallaga, 650–800 m ,   1 male, Dirings (MZSP),  Rio Huellaga, 650–800 m ,   1 male, X.1960, Dirings (MZSP).  Poconé,  1 male, 28. III  .1938, M. C. Vanessa (MNRJ). BOLIVIA: Departamento Santa Cruz:  Buena Vista,   1 female, I.1960, A. Martinez (MZSP); Santa Cruz:  Buena Vista – El Cairo ,   1 male, 19.XI.2008, Galileo, Vanin &amp; Martins (MZSP). Departamento Pando: Cobija, Reserva San Sebastian Tahuamanu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.017784&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-11.407499" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.017784/lat -11.407499)">Disturbed Amazonian forest</a>, 11°24 ′ 27 ″ S, 69°01 ′ 04 ″ W ,  2 male, 22.XII.2003, D. J. Mann &amp; A. C. Hamel, Luz Azul, forest path (OUM) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E0B1D148940FFA54BEA4172	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E011D178937F8E34DF04566.text	03C5878A6E011D178937F8E34DF04566.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dilychnia ruficollis MOTSCHULSKY 1853	<div><p>DILYCHNIA RUFICOLLIS MOTSCHULSKY, 1853</p><p>(FIGS 12, 26)</p><p>Dilychnia ruficollis Motschulsky, 1854: 7 (desc.); Lacordaire, 1857: 319.</p><p>Lucidota ruficollis; Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1869: 1640; Olivier in Wytsman, 1907: 21 McDermott, 1966: 69 (cat.).</p><p>Typical material: male (ZMMU, Zoological Museum of Moscow State University) (Fig. 26A). Labels:  Dilychnia ruficollis Motsch. [green label]; Amazones [light brown label]; Comparé au Type (Mus. Petersb. Par Ern. Olivier] [light brown label] (Fig. 26B). Note that we could not examine the type material of  D. ruficollis at ZMMU, but we had access to specimens that were previously compared with the type by E. Olivier at MNHN.</p><p>Diagnosis: Males with antennomere III as long as scape, antennomeres III –IX serrate, X and XI filiform (Fig. 12A), sterna VI and VII with elliptical light organs in central region, covering one-third of width of sternum (Fig. 12C); sternum VIII with lateral margin convergent posteriorly (Fig. 12E); pygidium with lateral margin and posterior margin with median region rounded (Fig. 12D); aedeagus with phallobase short and blunt, with median region strongly emarginate (Fig. 12G–I).</p><p>Colour pattern: Frons and antenna dark brown, mouthparts brown (Fig. 12C); pronotum orangish brown and median region and posterior margin orange (Fig. 12A); scutellum orange (Fig. 12A); elytra black (Fig. 12A); thorax orangish brown; pro-, meso- and metafemur orange–brown; and tibia and tarsus black (Fig. 12B, C); abdomen dark brown to black and sternum VIII light brown (Fig. 12C).</p><p>Head: Antenna slightly serrate, covered with short bristles (Fig. 12B). Palpi four-segmented: I small and thin compared with II; II 2× longer than III, cylindrical; III rectangular; and IV robust and medially fusiform, 1.5× longer than I. Labium with palpi three-segmented: I and II subequal; III securiform, 3× longer than maxillary palpomere IV.</p><p>Thorax: Pronotum semicircular with anterior margin slightly projected, 2× wider than long, lateral margin rounded, posterior margin with median region rounded and projected posterior angles, acute and convergent posteriad (Fig. 12A). Hypomeron trapezoidal, protruded outwards laterally (Fig. 12B). Elytron slightly convex, with lateral margin subparallel and apex rounded (Fig. 12A).</p><p>Abdomen: Sterna with lateral margins divergent posteriad (Fig. 12C); sterna VI and VII median region with elliptical light organ (Fig.12C); sternum VIII slightly wider than long and with lateral margin convergent posteriad (Fig. 12E); pygidium slightly wider than long, posterior margin with median region rounded (Fig. 12D); sternum IX with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 12F).</p><p>Aedeagus: Phallobase with lateral margin sinuose and posterior margin strongly emarginate (Fig. 12G); parameres apically acute and sclerotized, posterior margin mucronate (Fig. 12H); phallus with basal part extending abruptly towards phallobase (Fig. 12I).</p><p>Female: Pronotum 2.5× wider than long; sternum VI with circular light organ; sternum VII lacking light organs; sternum VIII with lateral margins slightly converging posteriad and posterior margin with median region emarginate; pygidium posterior margin with parasagittal sinuosities, posterior angles straight, and a rounded median region.</p><p>Remarks: This species can be distinguished from others by its colour pattern (pronotum dark orange and elytron black (Fig. 12A), serrate antennomeres III – VII, filiform antennomeres VIII –XI (Fig. 12B, C), a pronotum with projected posterior angles (Fig. 12A), male aedeagus phallobase blunt, with short lateral margin and strongly emarginate posterior margin (Fig. 12G–I).  Dilychnia ruficollis is similar to  D. guttula, and it occurs around the upper Amazonas river region.</p><p>In the same paper in which de Motschulsky (1854) described the genus  Dilychnia and its type species  D. basalis, he also described  D. ruficollis . Gemminger &amp; Harold (1869) synonymized  Dilychnia with  Lucidota and used  Lucidota ruficollis for the first time. After that, Gemminger (1870) revalidated the genus  Dilychnia, although Olivier in Wytsman (1907) synonymized both genera, using  Lucidota ruficollis . When Olivier (1911) accepted  Dilychnia, he did not provide a checklist of the genus, and McDermott (1966) thus listed the species under  Lucidota .</p><p>Material examined:  COLOMBIA: Putumayo: Mocoa, Jardin Botânico tropical amazônico, 01°7 ′ 82 ″ N, 76°37 ′ 53,6 ″ W, 1 female, 22. III  .2015, J. Garcia, busca ativo (INPA).   BRAZIL: Amapá:  Pôrto Platon, 1 female , 24. VII  .1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  Reginá, 1 male,   07.IX.1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  Rio Caciporé, 1 female ,   09.IX.1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  Rio Felício, 1 male , 08. VIII  .1959, J. Lane (MZSP), Serra Lombard,  Limão, 1 male,   03.IX.1961, J. &amp; B. Bechyné (MPEG),  Serra Navio, 1 female ,  26.ix.1957, J. Lane (MZSP), 1 female,  IX.1959, Bicelli (MZSP), 2 female,  X.1957, J. Lane (MZSP);  Amazonas: Barcelos, Igarapé Erere / Coruja, 00°06 ′ 16 ″ N, 63°51 ′ 01 ″ W, 1 male, 18–25. VI  .2008, F. F. Xavier-Filho, Malaise (INPA), Benjamin Constant,  Rio Javari, 1 male,   XI.1961, Dirings (MZSP); Benjamin Constant,  Rio Javari, 1 female, VI   .1961, Dirings (MZSP);  Itacoatiara, 1 male, VII  .1959, Dirings (MZSP), 1 male,  XI.1960, Dirings (MZSP), 1 female, 2 male,  XII.1961, Dirings (MZSP), BR 174, km 115, 2 female,   16.XI.1977, Norman D. Penny (INPA); Óbidos,  Baixo Amazonas, 1 male, II   .1960, Dirings (MZSP), Óbidos, Colônia  Rio Branco, 1 female ,   27–31.XII.1952, Pedro Almeida Teles (MNRJ), Querari, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.0833334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.85/lat 1.0833334)">São Gabriel da Cachoeira</a> 01°05 ′ N, 69°51 ′ W, 1 female, V  .1993, J. Vidal; R .   L. M. Ferreira, Malaise (INPA), S. Izabel, Rio Negro,  Maturaca, 1 male ,   11–18.X.1990, J. A. Rafael, Malaise (INPA), Taracuá,  Rio Uaupés, 1 female, VIII  .1964, Pereira &amp; Machado (MZSP) Pará: Mocajuba, 1 male, V .1953, Orlando Rego (MNRJ) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E011D178937F8E34DF04566	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E021D1689F2FCF74D324714.text	03C5878A6E021D1689F2FCF74D324714.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dilychnia disparilis E. Olivier 1911	<div><p>DILYCHNIA DISPARILIS OLIVIER, 1911</p><p>(FIGS 13, 23)</p><p>D i ly ch n i a d i s p a r i l i s O l i v i e r, 1 9 1 1: 7 4 (d e s c.); McDermott, 1966: 73 (cat.).</p><p>Lucidota disparilis; Blackwelder, 1945: 354.</p><p>Type material:   Holotype, male examined (MNHN) (Fig. 23A). Labels:  Dilychnia disparilis Ern. Oliv. [green label]; Chimbo, 1000 ′. VIII.07. Rosenberg. [light brown label] (Fig. 23B).</p><p>Diagnosis: Males with antennomere III exceeding one-third of scape length (Fig. 13A, B); elytra with lateral margin rounded (Fig. 13A); sterna VI and VII with rounded light organ spanning one-quarter of its width (Fig. 13B); sternum VIII posterior margin mucronate with median region projected and rounded, about one-half of length of sternum VIII (Fig. 13F–I).</p><p>Colour pattern: Frons and antenna black, mandibles orange, labial and maxillary palpomere dark brown (Fig. 13A, B); pronotum with scutellum and elytron orange (Fig. 13A); elytra orange (Fig. 13A); proleg with femur orange, and tibia and tarsus black, meso- and metaleg black (Fig. 13B); abdomen black (Fig. 13B).</p><p>Head: Antenna strongly serrate, the last antennomere filiform, covered with short setae (Fig. 13A). Labrum projected anteriad, 2× wider than long (Fig. 23E). Palpi four-segmented: I small and triangular; II 2× longer than I, triangular; III triangular and 2× longer than II; IV stout, subtriangular and 2.5× longer than III. Labium with palpi three-segmented: I and II subequal; III securiform.</p><p>Thorax: Pronotum trapezoidal, one-third wider than long, anterior margin with few punctuations, anterior and lateral margins concave, posterior margin with median region rounded and posterior angles projected, obtuse (Fig. 13A). Hypomeron trapezoidal, 2× wider than long (Fig. 23D). Scutellum rhombus shaped, acute posteriad. Elytron slightly convex, with lateral margin parallel and basal onethird slightly extended (Fig. 13A); metafemur slightly thinner than pro- and mesofemora (Fig. 13B). Tibia covered with short setae. Tarsomere I with lateral margin straight triangular and 2× longer than II; II triangular and 1.5× longer than III; III triangular; claws simple.</p><p>Abdomen: Sterna with lateral margin divergent posteriad, posterior angles straight; sterna VI and VII with median region with light organ rounded, less than one-quarter of length of sternum (Figs 13B, 23F); sternum VIII slightly wider than long, with posterior margin strongly mucronate (Fig. 13D); pygidium as wide as long, sclerotized, with posterior margin with projected angles and median region slightly rounded (Fig. 13C); sternum IX with posterior margin rounded and covered with setae (Fig. 13E).</p><p>Aedeagus: Phallobase margin strongly emarginate; paramere apex bent and strongly sclerotized with a membranous projection, posterior margin acuminate (Fig. 13F–H); phallus extending medially to phallobase (Fig. 13F); ventral plate with lateral margin sinuose and strongly sclerotized (Fig. 13I).</p><p>Female: Pronotum slightly wider than long; sternum VI with light organ circular, not exceeding half of the height; sternum VII lacking light organs; sternum VIII with lateral margins converging posteriad and posterior margin with median region emarginate; pygidium with posterior margin straight and posterior angles projected.</p><p>Remarks: This species can be distinguished from others by its colour pattern, its light orange pronotum and elytron (Figs 13A, 23C), its strongly serrate and black antennomeres III –X, the eyes smaller than frons height, and sterna VI and VII with circular light organ.</p><p>Material examined:   COSTA RICA: Guanacaste,  Cañas, 14 km, 1 male , 23–31. III  .1990, F. D. Parker (GMNH), 1 male,  16–23. IV. 1990, F. D. Parker (GMNH), 1 female, 01–07. V  .1990, F. D. Parker (GMNH).  ECUADOR: Chimbo, 1000 ′, 1 male, VIII,   1907, Rosenberg (MNHN);  Santo Domingo, Pichincha, 1 female , 08–14. V  .1988, Hanson &amp; Bohart (GMNH);</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E021D1689F2FCF74D324714	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E031D2989EFFE0C4D2D474C.text	03C5878A6E031D2989EFFE0C4D2D474C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dilychnia cavicollis E. Olivier 1912	<div><p>DILYCHNIA CAVICOLLIS OLIVIER, 1912</p><p>(FIGS 11, 27)</p><p>Dilychnia cavicollis Olivier, 1912: 171; McDermott, 1966: 73 (cat.).</p><p>Lucidota cavicollis Blackwelder, 1945: 354 (cat.).</p><p>Type material: Holotype examined, male (MNHN) (Fig. 27A). Labels:  Dilychnia cavicollis Ern. Oliv. [green label]; male symbol [light brown label] (Fig. 27B).</p><p>Diagnosis: Male antennomere III three-quarters of length of scape (Fig. 11C); elytra lateral margin subparallel (Fig. 11A); sterna VI and VII bearing complete light organs with lateral margin emarginate (Fig. 11G); sternum VIII posterior margin with median region acuminate, reaching one-half of height of sternum (Fig. 11I); pygidium lateral margin acute and posterior margin with median region acuminate (Fig. 11H); paramere apex with long and rounded projection (Fig. 11N); and phallobase symmetrical, with posterior margin with median region emarginate (Fig. 11M).</p><p>Colour pattern: Frons and antenna black, mouthparts dark brown (Fig. 11F); pronotum with posterior margin Aedeagus: Phallobase slightly emarginate (Fig.11M–O); parameres acute towards apex; phallus with dorsal plate sinuose (Fig. 11M); ventral plate strongly sclerotized (Fig. 11O).</p><p>and region over the head orange, and anterior and lateral margins yellowish (Fig. 11D); scutellum light brown, elytron dark brown with lateral and external orange bars (Fig. 11A); pro- and mesoleg with femur orangish yellow, tibia and tarsus black, metaleg black (Fig. 11C); abdomen almost completely black, and sternum VIII light brown (Fig. 11C).</p><p>Head: Antenna filiform, covered with short setae (Fig. 11C); scape as wide as antennomere III (Fig. 11C). Maxilla with palpi four-segmented: I small and triangular; II 2× longer than I, triangular; III triangular and 2× longer than II; and IV stout, subtriangular and 2.5× longer than III. Labium with palpi three-segmented: I and II subequal; and III securiform.</p><p>Thorax: Pronotum semicircular, slightly projected anteriad, slightly wider than long, anterior and lateral margins strongly concave, posterior margin with median region indented and posterior angles projected, obtuse (Fig.11D);hypomeron trapezoidal, 3× wider than long and median region projected (Fig. 11E); scutellum rhombus shaped, acute posteriad (Fig. 11A); elytra slightly convex, with lateral margin subparallel (Fig. 11A); metafemur slightly thinner than pro- and mesofemora. Tarsomere I with lateral margin straight and 2× longer than II, pro- and mesotarsomere dorsally indented; II 1.5× longer than III; III triangular; claws simple.</p><p>Abdomen: Sterna lateral margin divergent posteriad, posterior angles straight (Fig. 11C); sterna VI and VII median region with light organ complete with slightly indented lateral margin (Fig. 11G); sternum VIII slightly wider than long (Fig. 11I); pygidium as wide as long, sclerotized, posterior margin with two parasagittal emargination and median region acuminate (Fig. 11H); and sternum IX with posterior margin slightly emarginate (Fig. 11J–L).</p><p>Female: Pronotum one-third wider than long; sternum VI median region with rectangular light organ with posterior angles rounded, covering two-thirds of width of the sternum; sternum VII median region with light organ semicircular; sternum VIII with sinuous lateral margins, converging posteriad, and posterior margin with median region indented; p y g i d i u m p o s t e r i o r m a r g i n w i t h p a r a s a g i t t a l sinuosities, posterior angles acute, and a median region acuminate.</p><p>Remarks: This species can be distinguished from others by its colour pattern, its median region orange pronotum and yellow anterior and lateral margins, the dark brown elytron with outer and inner lateral orange bars (Fig. 11A), filiform antennomeres III –XI (Fig. 11B, C), sternum XI with emarginate posterior margin (Fig. 11J–L) and a male aedeagus with an emarginate phallobase (Fig. 11M–O).</p><p>Material examined:   BRAZIL: Goiás: Jataí, Fazenda Aceiro, 1 male, X.1962,  Expedição Departamento de Zoologia (MNRJ) ;   São Paulo:  Ribeirão Preto, 1 male, XI. 1954, Barretto (MZSP) ,   São José do Rio Pardo, 10 males and 6 females, XII. 1998, Gounelle (MNHN)  .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E031D2989EFFE0C4D2D474C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E3C1D2B892CFEDD4DF1447F.text	03C5878A6E3C1D2B892CFEDD4DF1447F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dilychnia succensa (Olivier 1907) Vaz & Mermudes & Paiva & Da Silveira 2020	<div><p>DILYCHNIA SUCCENSA (OLIVIER, 1907) COMB. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 4, 10, 28–32)</p><p>Photinus succensus Olivier, 1907: 38 (desc.); Blackwelder, 1945: 359 (cat.); McDermott, 1966: 46 (cat.).</p><p>Photinus atritarsis Pic, 1931: 108 (desc.); Blackwelder, 1945: 357 (cat.); McDermott, 1966: 46 (cat.; syn.).</p><p>Photinus grandis Pic, 1931:108; McDermott, 1966: 39 (cat.), syn. nov.</p><p>Type material: Holotype examined, male (MNHN) (Fig. 28A). Labels: Jatahy (Goyaz) [green label];  Photinus succensus Ern. Oliv. [light brown label] (Fig. 28B). Note that both males of the holotypes of  P. atritarsis and  P. grandis described by Pic (MNHN) were examined.</p><p>Diagnosis: Males with antennomere III as long as scape (Fig. 10G); sterna VI and VII with subrectangular light organs, occupying the median region of the sternum, almost reaching the lateral margin (Fig. 29D); sternum VIII with posterior margin mucronate, as projected, obtuse (Fig. 30A–D). Hypomera trapezoidal and median region projected (Fig. 30E). Scutellum triangular, acute posteriad (Fig. 29A). Elytron slightly convex with lateral margin subparallel (Fig. 31A–C). Hind wing well developed, posterior margin sinuose, 2× longer than wide. Subcostal almost reaching anterior margin; CuA2 absent, costal row with setae inconspicuous; MP-Cu present; RP + MP 1 + 2 three-quarters of r4 length, almost reaching distal margin, J as long as RP + MP 1 + 2 (Fig. 31D); pro-, meso- and metafemur subequal in width. Tarsomere I with lateral margin straight and tarsomere I of pro- and mesoleg 1.5× longer than II, tarsomere I of metaleg 2× longer than II; pro- and mesotarsomere with apex indented; II 1.5× longer than III; III subrectangular; claws simple (Fig. 32).</p><p>long as one-quarter of height of sternum (Fig. 4E); pygidium with lateral margin rounded and posterior margin with parasagittal indentation and median region truncate (Fig. 4D); paramere with rounded projection and phallobase symmetrical with median region of posterior margin emarginate (Fig. 4G–I).</p><p>Colour pattern: Frons light brown (Fig. 10A, F); antenna dark brown (Fig. 10G); mouthparts light brown (Fig. 10A); pronotum with anterior margin orange and region over the head and posterior margin brown (Fig. 30A, C, D); scutellum light brown (Fig. 29A); elytra light brown (Fig. 31A–C); pro-, meso- and metalegs with femur and tibia orange and tarsus dark brown (Fig. 32); sterna II and III brown, sternum IV dark brown, sterna V – VIII and pygidium black, and sternum VIII light brown (Figs 4A–E, 29C).</p><p>Head: Antenna slightly serrate, covered with short setae (Fig. 10G). Labrum rounded anteriad, as long as wide (Fig. 10A, F). Maxilla with palpi four-segmented: I small, triangular and thin in comparison to II; II 2× longer than III, cylindrical; III rectangular with rounded margins; and IV fusiform medially, 1.5× longer than II, narrowing towards apex (Fig. 10A–F). Labium with palpi three-segmented: I cube shaped; II 2.5× longer than I, slightly enlarged towards apex; and III securiform, as long as II (Fig. 10A–F).</p><p>Thorax: Pronotum trapezoidal, one-third wider than long, with anterior margin having few punctuations, and region over the head convex, anterior and lateral margin slightly concave, posterior margin with median region straight and posterior angles Abdomen: Sterna lateral margin rounded, posterior angles acute (Fig. 4A–C); sterna VI and VII with light organ complete (Fig. 29D); sternum VIII slightly wider than long, lateral margin rounded (Fig. 4E); pygidium slightly wider than long, posterior margin with two parasagittal indentation, median region sinuose and posterior angles projected beyond median region (Fig. 4D); and sternum IX subtriangular with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 4F).</p><p>Aedeagus: Phallobase posterior margin slightly emarginate; paramere acute apically with lateral margin sinuose; phallus extending to half of phallobase length (Fig. 4G–I).</p><p>Female: Pronotum slightly wider than long; sternum IV with posterior margin black; sternum VI median region with rectangular light organ with angles rounded, width slightly smaller than half of width of sternum; sternum VII median region with light organ with posterior margin sinuous; sternum VIII light brown, with lateral margins sinuose, posterior one-third straight, converging posteriad, and posterior margin with median region indented; pygidium posterior margin with posterior angles straight and median region rounded.</p><p>Remarks:  Dilychnia succensa can be distinguished from others by its colour pattern, its dark orange– brownish pronotum and elytra (Figs 29A, 30, 31A–C), serrate and black antennomeres III –X (Fig. 10G), dark brown sterna IV– VIII (Figs 4A–C, 29B), the pygidium with projected posterior angles (Fig. 4D) and the male aedeagus with an emarginate phallobase (Fig. 4G).</p><p>This firefly is active from twilight and throughout the first hours after nightfall, constantly flashing during this period. The flashing pattern is composed of three to four light-orange flashes.</p><p>Examination of the holotypes of  P. atritarsis and  P. grandis allow us to synonymize both species described by Pic (1931) with  P. succensus, based on colour pattern, serrate antenna, subrectangular light organ and mucronate sternum VIII, in addition to the results from our phylogeny. We transfer this species here to  Dilychnia, as  D. succensa, following our phylogenetic study.</p><p>Material examined:   BOLIVIA: BuenaVista: Pcia. Iehilo, 1 male, I.1950, A.Martinez (MZSP); Santa Cruz:  Florida,  Refugio Los Volcanes, 18°06 ′ 3 ″ S, 63°26.0 ″ W, 1050–1150 m, 2 male, 10–14.XII.2011, L. Sekerka, Luz (NHMUK)  .  BRAZIL: Distrito Federal: Planaltina, 15°35 ″ S, 47°42 ″ W, 1 male, 23. III .1973, V .   O. Becker (EMBRAPA); Goiás:  Formosa, 800 m, 2 female, 1 male ,</p><p>21.X.1976, V. O. Becker (EMBRAPA),  Viannopolis, 1 male ,   XII.1931, R. Spitz (MZSP); Minas Gerais:  Conceição do Ibitipoca, 1 male ,   30.XII.2002, A. H. Leal (DZRJ), Jaboticatubas, Córrego das Pedras,  Parque Nacional Serra do Cipó, 1 male ,   12.XII.2011, D. Takiya &amp; A. Santos, Luz (DZRJ), Marliéria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce,  Timóteo, 2 male ,   08–15.XII.1979, M. A. Vulcano &amp; F. S. Pereira (UFMG),  Ponte Nova, 1 female , 25. II  .1962, J. Bechyné (MZSP),  Pouso Alegre, 1 male, 24–25. VI  .1965, Vulcano-Pereira (MZSP), 1 male,   XII.1953, P. Pereira (MZSP),  Serra do Caraça, 1 male ,   27.XI–05.XII.1972, Expedição Museu de Zoologia (MZSP),  Serra do Caraça, 1 male ,   XII.1974, M. R. Monné (MNRJ),  Viçosa, 1 male ,  02.I.2017, L. Silveira, Busca ativa (DZRJ), 1 female, 4 male,   03.XII.1958, E. Amante (MZSP), Viçosa,  Cafezal próximo à UFV, 1</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E3C1D2B892CFEDD4DF1447F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E3F1D2E8AFAFCCC4A8245C0.text	03C5878A6E3F1D2E8AFAFCCC4A8245C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dilychnia propinqua (OLIVIER 1909) Vaz & Mermudes & Paiva & Da Silveira 2020	<div><p>DILYCHNIA PROPINQUA (OLIVIER, 1909) COMB. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 5, 14, 16, 19, 33, 34, 36)</p><p>Lucidota propinqua Olivier, 1909: 111 (desc.); Blackwelder, 1945: 354 (cat.); McDermott, 1966: 68 (cat.).</p><p>Type material:   Holotype examined, male (MNHN) (Fig. 33A). Labels: Brasilien, ex. coll. Frühstofer. [green label];  Lucidota propinqua Ern. Oliv. [light brown label] (Fig. 33B).</p><p>Diagnosis: Antennomere III one-quarter shorter than scape (Fig. 14G); sterna VI and VII bearing light organs with lateral margin straight and almost reaching the sternal margin (Fig. 34D); sternum VIII with posterior margin acuminate as long as one-half of sternum height (Fig. 5E); pygidium with lateral margin rounded and posterior margin with parasagittal indentation and median region rounded (Fig. 5D); aedeagus parameres with arched projection and phallobase symmetrical with posterior margin with median region rounded (Fig. 5G).</p><p>Colour pattern: Frons black, antenna dark brown, mouthparts dark brown (Fig. 14); pronotum orange (Fig. 16); scutellum dark brown (Fig. 34A); elytron black (Fig. 19A–C); profemur almost entirely orange, mesofemur orange to half of length and dark brown towards apex, metafemur with basal one-third orange and dark brown towards apex. Tibia and tarsus dark brown (Fig. 36); sterna II – V dark brown, sterna VI and VII translucent, and sternum VIII with posterior margin dark brown and pygidium black (Fig. 5).</p><p>Head: Antenna filiform, covered with short setae (Fig. 14G); labrum rounded anteriad, as wide as long (Fig. 14A); palpi four-segmented: I small, triangular with posterior angles acute in relationship to II; II 2× longer than III, subtriangular; III trapezoidal with margins rounded; and IV securiform, 2.5× longer than II, narrowing abruptly towards apex. Labium with palpi three-segmented: I rectangular; II triangular, 2× longer than I, slightly enlarged towards apex; and III securiform, 1.5× longer than II (Fig. 14).</p><p>Thorax: Pronotum semicircular, one-third wider than long, and anterior, lateral and posterior margins with few punctuations, anterior and lateral margins slightly concave, posterior margin median region with acute projection and posterior angles prominent and acute with apex slightly rounded (Fig. 16A–D). Hypomera trapezoidal with posterior margin sinuose and laterally rounded (Fig. 16E). Scutellum rhombus shaped with posterior margin emarginate (Fig. 34A). Elytra slightly convex with lateral margin rounded (Fig. 19A–C). Hind wing membranous and well developed, posterior margin sinuose, 2× longer than wide. Subcostal almost reaching the anterior margin; CuA2 absent. MP-Cu present; MP 3 + 4 long, beginning basally; r4 almost as long as RP + MP 1 + 2, almost reaching distal margin, J slightly shorter than RP + MP 1 + 2; r3 as long as half of RC width (Fig. 19D); metafemur slightly thinner than pro- and mesofemora; tarsomere I of pro- and mesolegs 1.5× longer than II, tarsomere I of metaleg 2× longer than II; pro- and mesotarsomeres with apex indented; II 1.5× longer than III; III subrectangular; claws simple (Fig. 36).</p><p>Abdomen: Sterna with lateral margin divergent posteriad, posterior angles acute (Fig. 5A–C); sterna VI and VII with complete light organ (Fig. 34D); sternum VIII slightly wider than long (Fig. 5E); pygidium slightly wider than long, posterior margin with two parasagittal emarginations, median region rounded and posterior angles projected beyond median region (Fig. 5D); and sternum IX subtriangular with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 5F).</p><p>Aedeagus: Phallobase posterior margin rounded; parameres sinuose with constriction in apex and strongly mucronate basally (Fig. 5G); phallus narrowed and extending to half of phallobase length (Fig. 5H–I).</p><p>Female: Metathorax with posterior margin light brown in ventral view; sternum VI with median region with light organ elliptical; sternum VII median region with circular light organ; sternum VIII black with lateral margin slightly sinuous, converging posteriad, and posterior margin with median region slightly emarginate; pygidium posterior margin with posterior angles acute, and median region acuminate.</p><p>Remarks:  Dilychnia propinqua can be distinguished from others by its colour pattern, its light orange elytron and black pronotum (Figs 16, 19A–C, 34A), filiform and black antennomeres III –XI with elongate flabellum (Fig. 14G), sternum VIII with a light brown and acuminate to mucronate posterior margin (Fig. 5E), pygidium with projected posterior angles (Fig. 5D) and the male aedeagus with rounded phallobase (Fig. 5G–I).</p><p>This firefly is active from twilight and throughout the first hours after nightfall, constantly flashing during this period and occasionally also during the night. The flashing pattern is composed of three to four reddish orange flashes. We decided to transfer this species to  Dilychnia because it shares similarities, such as the acuminate to mucronate sternum VIII; the aedeagus with mucronate basal region of the parameres and a symmetrical phallobase. Our phylogenetic analysis also corroborates this placement.</p><p>Material examined:   BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro,  Parque Nacional da Tijuca, Trilha Bom Retiro – Cocanha, 22°56 ′ 96,7 ″ S, 43°17 ′ 67,9 ″ W ,  786 m, 2 male, XII.2016, L. Silveira &amp; J. Mermudes, Malaise (DZRJ),   1 female, I.2017, L. Silveira &amp; J. Mermudes, Malaise (DZRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Taquara,  Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca,  2 male, 11. II .2017, A. L. Diniz Ferreira, Luz (DZRJ),  1 male, 11. II .2018, A. L. Diniz Ferreira, S. Vaz N. Campos (DZRJ) .</p><p>DILYCHNIA DUMASI VAZ, MERMUDES, PAIVA &amp;</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E3F1D2E8AFAFCCC4A8245C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E361D238B36FE884D594019.text	03C5878A6E361D238B36FE884D594019.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dilychnia Motschulsky 1853	<div><p>WHAT IS  DILYCHNIA ?</p><p>The tribe  Photinini and subtribe  Lucidotina as traditionally defined (i.e. based on McDermott, 1966) have been found to be non-monophyletic, in part because the diagnostic features of these groups were deemed homoplastic (Jeng, 2008; Martin et al., 2017). In this context, genera of  Lucidotina, including  Dilychnia, are difficult to discriminate from other genera within the subtribe, because their generic definitions largely overlap, resulting in a collection of nomenclatural changes over the years (see above). The present study is a step towards resolving the taxonomy of  Dilychnia, based on MP and BI methods, and provides the first analysis of any Neotropical firefly taxon.</p><p>Although the phylogenetic relationships with other lampyrid genera remain largely unexplored, it was recently proposed that  Dilychnia could be closely related to  Vesta, the type genus of subtribe  Amydetinae:  Amydetini: Vestina (Jeng, 2008). In addition to the type species and its allies, two other species of  Vesta were included in our study:  V. scutellonigra and  V. thoracica . These two did not group as sister species in our analysis, suggesting that similarities found between these two species might be plesiomorphic or convergent. However, it cannot be ruled out that limited taxon sampling might have influenced their placement in our phylogeny and obscured their relationship. We find that these two  Vesta spp. share the similar orange–black colour pattern with  Dilychnia spp., in addition to three synapomorphies: (5) antennomere III with apex shape rounded; (64) aedeagus paramere with apical constriction; (66) and posterior margin straight. The Neotropical species  V. thoracica shares more similarities with  Dilychnia than  V. scutellonigra from Southeast Asia, such as: elytron with acute apical third, sternum VIII with posterior angles not projected, aedeagus with phallus shorter than paramere and phallus overall straight in lateral view. In other words, it is possible that the genus  Vesta is not a monophyletic group.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E361D238B36FE884D594019	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
03C5878A6E361D23891BF9044BE74524.text	03C5878A6E361D23891BF9044BE74524.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lucidota AND	<div><p>LUCIDOTA AND PHOTINUS: LITTLE BY LITTLE</p><p>We suggest new combinations involving the genera  Photinus and  Lucidota, both from the tribe  Photinini . North American species of  Photinus have been the subject of solid revisionary taxonomic work (Green, 1956), but the genus is still poorly known in South America. In contrast,  Lucidota is known to be an ill-defined, artificial taxon, to a point where discriminating it from other genera in the same subtribe or even tribe is not straightforward (McDermott, 1964). This is mainly because several unrelated taxa have in the past been lumped under  Lucidota, including, for example,  Dilychnia (Gemminger, 1870; Olivier, 1899), leaving some species unplaced.</p><p>Our review found several cases of synonyms (Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1869; Olivier, 1899, 1907), homonymy (Gemminger, 1870) and transfers (Gemminger, 1870; Olivier, 1899) in the taxonomic history of  Dilychnia . Although revising  Photinus and  Lucidota is beyond the scope of this work, we highlight that the nomenclatural acts and redefinition of  Dilychnia proposed here, based on analytical and morphological evidence using type material, are important steps towards the revision of those genera and understanding the diversity of Neotropical lampyrids.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878A6E361D23891BF9044BE74524	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vaz, Stephanie;Mermudes, José Ricardo M.;Paiva, Paulo C.;Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L.	Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, José Ricardo M., Paiva, Paulo C., Da Silveira, Luiz Felipe L. (2020): Systematic review and phylogeny of the firefly genus Dilychnia (Lampyridae: Lampyrinae), with notes on geographical range. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190: 844-888
