Prisopus horstokkii (Haan, 1842)

Conle, Oskar V., Hennemann, Frank H., Bellanger, Yannick, Lelong, Philippe, Jourdan, Toni & Valero, Pablo, 2020, Studies on neotropical Phasmatodea XX: A new genus and 16 new species from French Guiana, Zootaxa 4814 (1), pp. 1-136 : 111-113

Prisopus horstokkii (Haan, 1842)

( Figs. 46 d , 47 d )

Prisopus horstokkii Haan, 1842: 113 , pl.12:1. HT, ♀: Promont. Bonae Spei, Horstok [RMNH]

Westwood, 1859: 168

Kirby, 1904: 405

Redtenbacher, 1906: 154

Chopard, 1911: 343

Bragg, 1996: 111

Otte & Brock, 2005: 285

Conle, Hennemann & Gutiérrez, 2011: 19, 340, figs

Bellanger, Jourdan & Lelong, 2012: 488, figs

Prisopus horstokki Conle, Hennemann & Gutiérrez, 2011: 19 , 340, figs (Misspelling)

Prisopus fisheri Gahan, 1912: 54 , figs. HT, ♀: Holotype; Xapury, River Acre, Amazon Valley (J. G. Fisher), 1912.24; Prisopus fisheri Gahan (1912) Type; NHMUK (E) #845174 [NHMUK]. (Synonymised by Conle, Hennemann & Gutiérrez, 2011: 19)

Zompro, 2004: 66, fig

Otte & Brock, 2005: 285

Further material [ 41 ♂♂, 23 ♀♀, 2 eggs]: BOLIVIA : 1 ♂: Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Nuflo do Chavax Prov. , Ascenc- ion 500m, XI.1963 (Walz) [ ANSP] ; 1 ♀: Bolivien: Dpto. Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Serranía de Chochis, Chochis , - 18.136070 N– 60.043250 W, leg. Carlos Calderón Villavicencio & José Alejandro Bórquez 01.2014 [coll. OC, No. 0288-18] .

BRAZIL: 1 ♀: Brésil , Goyaz, rio verde; Prisopus horstockkii (DeHaan) [ ANSP] ; 1 ♀: Dpto. Zool. UF-Paraná; Rosaria Oeste, MT, Brasil—Fev /1970, Anton Maller leg. [ DZUP] ; 1 ♀: Mato Grosso, Xavantina , III. 1956, Euvalod G. Silva; Prisopus horstockki (deHaan) ♀ Piza det. [ MZUSP] ; 1 ♀: Brasil, TO, Araguaina , 7. Jul. 2000, A. Molvasio [ MZUSP] ; 1 ♀: Taperinha. b. Santarem, G. Hagmann [ NHMW] ; 1 ♀: Utiariti, Rio Papagaio , MT, 5.XI.1966, Lenko & Pereira; Prisopus horstockki (deHaan) ♀ Piza det. [ MZUSP] .

COLOMBIA: 1 ♀: Colombia, Amazonas, Leticia, Km 7 via Tarapaca, 27-X96, 120 msnm, Col: Estudiantes Curso Sistemática Animal [ ICN] .

FRENCH GUIANA: 1 ♂: 03.X.97, Guyane fr. D6, PK29. leg. B. Hermier, det. coll. ASPER [in ASPER-PL]; 1 ♀: Guyane Française, Nouveau Chantier, Collection Le Moult; Decembre; Museum Paris, Collection Lucien Chopard 1914; 13 [ MNHN]; 1 ♀: Guyane Francais, Nouveau Chantier, Collection Le Moult; Decembre; Mu- seum Paris, Collection Lucien Chopard 1914; 14 [ MNHN]; 1 ♀: 15; Hocelllce [ MNHN]; 1 ♀: 143. Prisopus pip- erinus Redt.; P. Piperinus ?? ->plutôt ♀? Roubaud; Prisopus horstokki (deHaan, 1842) E. Delfosse, Dét. 2011 [ MNHN]; 1 ♂: Guyane Francais, Nouveau Chantier, Collection Le Moult; Janvier; Museum Paris, Collection Lu- cien Chopard 1914; 18 [ MNHN]; 1 ♀: Guyane Francais, Nouveau Chantier, Collection Le Moult; Guyane Fran- cais, St. Jean du Maroni, Collection Le Moult; Museum Paris, Collection Lucien Chopard 1914; 12 [ MNHN]; 1 ♀: Piste de Kaw, VIII. 94 [ MNHN]; 1 ♀: Belizon Ph4, Guyane, 2.3.87 [ MNHN]; 1 ♂: Guyane Francais, Saül, L. Sénécaux [ MNHN]; 1 ♂: Museum Paris, Guyane fr., 04.9.91, pk2, G.E.P. [ MNHN]; 1 ♂: Museum Paris, Guyane fr., 21.08, RN1 pk 71, G.E.P. [ MNHN]; 1 ♀: Guyane Fr., Piste de Kaw pk 29, 14.XII.1992, L. Sénécaux rec.; 4; [ MNHN]; 1 ♂: Museum Paris, Guyane fr., 11.10.82, Piste Coralie, P. Kindl rec. [ MNHN]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guy- ana: Commune de Saint-Elie, Montagne proche du Mont Barruol, 04°18’58’’ N 53°17’10’’ W, S.E.A.G., Lichtfang 250W, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 07.03.2013 [coll. OC, No. 0288-1]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Saint- Elie, Montagne proche du Mont Barruol, 04°18’58’’ N 53°17’10’’ W, S.E.A.G., Lichtfang 250W, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 08.03.2013 [coll. OC, No. 0288-2]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, RN2 PK22, 4°44'56"N– 52°26'28"W, 75m, S.E.A.G., Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 24.03.2013 [coll. OC, No. 0288-3]; 4 ♂♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Régina, Nouragues, Saut Pararé, 4°02’N– 52°41’W, S.E.A.G., leg. Stéphane Brûlé 15.- 23.07.2009 [coll. OC, No. 0288-4, 0288-7, 0288-8, 0288-9]; 2 ♂♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, RN2 PK22, 4°44‘56“N– 52°26‘28“W, 75m, S.E.A.G., Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 09.-11.2008 [coll. OC, No. 0288-5, 0288-6]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Régina, Nouragues, Nouragues Inselberg, 4°05‘ N– 52°41‘W, 411m, S.E.A.G., leg. Stéphane Brûlé 12.10.2012 [coll. OC, No. 0288-10]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Mana & Saint Élie, Réserve Naturelle de la Trinité—Zone Aya, 4°36’3’’N– 53°24’43’’W, 140m, S.E.A.G., leg. Stéphane Brûlé 07.11.2013 [coll. OC, No. 0288-11]; 1 ♂: Fran- zösisch Guyana: Commune de Saint-Elie, Montagne proche du Mont Barruol, 04°18’58’’ N 53°17’10’’ W, S.E.A.G., Lichtfang 250W, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 27.10.2013 [coll. OC, No. 0288-12]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, RN2 PK22, 4°44'56"N– 52°26'28"W, 75m, S.E.A.G., Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 13.05.2013 [coll. OC, No. 0288-13]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Che- vaux, RN2 PK22, 4°44'56"N– 52°26'28"W, 75m, S.E.A.G., Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 14.09.2013 [coll. OC, No. 0288-14]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Saint-Laurent, Massif Lucifer, N 529224 E 174549 (coord UTM), S.E.A.G., Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 25.10.2014 [coll. OC, No. 0288-16]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Mana, Angoulême, Saut-Sabat RN1 PK206+4, N 5°24'36,90'' O 53°39'17,90'', S.E.A.G., leg. Stéphane Brûlé 24.08.2014 [coll. OC, No. 0288-17]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, RN2 PK22, 4°44'56"N– 52°26'28"W, 75m, S.E.A.G., leg. Stéphane Brûlé 09.01.2016 [coll. OC, No. 0288-19]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, RN2 PK22, 4°44'56"N– 52°26'28"W, 75m, S.E.A.G., Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 30.05.2015 [coll. OC, No. 0288-20]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, RN2 PK22, 4°44'56"N– 52°26'28"W, 75m, S.E.A.G., Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 26.03.2016 [coll. OC, No. 0288-24]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Réserve Naturelle Tré- sor, Route de Kaw PK37, S.E.A.G., leg. Stéphane Brûlé 11.09.2015 [coll. OC, No. 0288-21]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Fôret vallonnée au pied d'inselbergs, S.E.A.G, Lichtfang, leg. Sté- phane Brûlé 21.03.2015 [coll. OC, No. 0288-22]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Fôret vallonnée au pied d'inselbergs, S.E.A.G, Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 25.03.2015 [coll. OC, No. 0288-23]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Saül, Aussichtspunkt Belvédère de Saül, 3°37’22”N– 53°12’57”W, 326 m, S.E.A.G, Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 24.07.2017 [coll. OC, No. 0288-25]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Saül, Aussichtspunkt Belvédère de Saül, 3°37’22”N– 53°12’57”W, 326 m, S.E.A.G, Lichtfang, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 03.03.2017 [coll. OC, No. 0288-26]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, 4°44'31"N– 52°25'53"W, 90m, S.E.A.G., Canopy UV light trap, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 19.05.2018 [coll. OC, No. 0288-27]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, 4°44'31"N– 52°25'53"W, 90m, S.E.A.G., Canopy UV light trap, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 13.10.2018 [coll. OC, No. 0288-28]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guy- ana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, 4°44'31"N– 52°25'53"W, 90m, S.E.A.G., Canopy UV light trap, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 10.11.2018 [coll. OC, No. 0288-29]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux, 4°44'31"N– 52°25'53"W, 90m, S.E.A.G., Canopy Lumivie pink trap, leg. Stéphane Brûlé 15.09.2018 [coll. OC, No. 0288-30]; 1 ♂: Französisch Guyana: Commune de Saint-Élie, Mont Mamilihpan, Light trap, leg. Sté- phane Brûlé 08.10.2018 [coll. OC, No. 0288-31]; 1 ♀: Guyane Française, St-Jean du Maroni, Collection Le Moult; Mai; Prisopus horstockkii (DeHaan) L. Chopard det.; Hebard Collection [ ANSP]; 1 ♂: VIII 2014, Guyane, Mon- tagne de Kaw [ ASPER-PL]; 1 ♂: 16-17 XII 2012, Guyane, PK37 Route de Kaw, leg A. Audureau [ ASPER-PL]; 1 ♂: 03 X 1997, Guyane, D6 PK29, Leg. B. Hermier [ ASPER-PL]; 1 ♀: II 2017, Guyane [ ASPER-PL]; 1 ♀, 2 eggs: Französisch Guayana: Piste de Petit Saut, PK 4.5, 26.II.2006, attracted to light-trap, leg. O. Boilly [Coll FH, No’s 0599-1 & E]; 1 ♀: coll. Br. v. W., Cayenne, Deyrolle ded, det. Redtenb., Prisopus horstockki , 4030 [ NHMW].

GUYANA: 1 ♀: British Guyana [ ANSP] ; 1 ♀: British Guyana , 1910, S.A. [ ANSP] ; 1 ♀: Jacareacang , Pará, Brasil, X-1959, M. Alvarenga leg. [ DZUP] ; 1 ♂: coll. Br. v. W., British Guyana , H. Rolle, det. Redtenb., Prisopus horstockki , 25.114 [ NHMW] .

PERU: 1 ♂: Peru: Provinz Oxapampa, Dept. Pasco, Pozuzu , 750m [coll. OC, No. 0288-15] .

Differentiation. This distinctive species differs from all other species of Prisopus by the prominent triangular, tri-carinate and denticulate lateral expansion of the metapleurae. It is similar to P. horridus ( Gray, 1835) with which it shares a very similar colouration of the metasternum; this comprises a very large blackish brown marking with a black outer margin, which contains an oval yellowish posteromedian marking with an elongate brown spot in its centre. P. horstokkii furthermore differs from P. horridus by the lack of distinct spines on the head and having only two small and faint anterior spots on abdominal sternites II–VII (a narrow, transverse black line at posterior margin in horridus ).

Description. ♀. Of moderate size (body length 66.0–87.0 mm) and very robust for the genus, the mesonotum transverse and about as long as pronotum, the head without any prominent spines and abdominal terga VI–X with distinct lateral lobes.All lateral margins of body segments and all legs densely covered with long pale setae. General colouration of dorsal body surface and dorsal surface of legs pale greyish to dark brown, very variable, often with lichenous speckles. Antennae dark greyish brown to black with segments slightly club-shaped. Head and thorax covered with granules, but without any distinct spines. Metapleurae armed with a roundly triangular posterolateral expansion. Tegmina with a roundly convex protuberance in the basal quarter. Colouration of tegmina and costal area of alae reaching from pale grey to dark brown with several darker and paler speckles and mottling and a distinct washed-out dark brown spot in the centre of tegmina. Anal region of alae transparent and irregularly reticulate, the transverse stripes brown. Ventral side of thorax uniformly pale greyish brown to pale yellowish brown, except metasternum dark brown with the outer margins broadly black, posteromedially with an elongate yellowish marking, which has an almost circular brown spot in its centre. Median segments with a transverse black band along posterior margin. Sternites II–VII dull yellow to yellowish brown and III–VII with two small black spots near posterior margin. Subgenital plate flat, broadly rounded and produced into a trapezoid lobe medially, reaching at best posterior margin of sternum IX. Ventral surfaces of all femora dull yellow to straw, the ventral surface of the tibiae black to dark brown.

♂ ( Figs. 46 d , 47 d ). Very similar to ♀, but distinctly smaller (body length 49.0–60.0 mm). The ventral side of the femora can be dull yellow to straw, but also black. Vomer with the basal half broad, then abruptly narrowed to form an elongate, slender and gently up-curving terminal hook. Poculum small and flat, reaching to centre of anal segment, posterior margin rounded with median incision.

Comments. This species is very characteristic for its triangular posterolateral metapleural expansion and distinctive colouration of the mesosternum. Prisopus fisheri Gahan, 1912 was synonymised with Prisopus horstokkii by Conle, Hennemann & Gutiérrez (2011: 19). The type-locality of Prisopus horstokkii “Promont. Bonae Spei ” (= Cape of Good Hope, South Africa) is obviously erroneous, but due to the wide distribution of this species the actual type-locality is impossible to reconstruct.

Distribution. This species is very widely distributed in South America, ranging from the eastern lowlands of Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and Colombia over the entire Amazon basin of Brazil towards the Guianas in the east.

Bolivia: Santa Cruz, Asunción [ANSP]; Dpto. Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Serranía de Chochis, Chochis [coll. OC]. Colombia: Amazonas [ICN]. Trinidad [FSCA, UWI]. Brazil: Amazonas [ICN]; Goiás [ANSP]; Pará [DZUP, NHMW]; Mato Grosso [DZUP, MZUSP]; Tocantins [MZUSP]; Araguaína [MZUSP]; Xapury, River Acre, Amazon Valley [NHMUK]. Guyana [ANSP, NHMW]. Suriname [RMNH]. French Guiana: St. Jean du Maroni [ANSP & MNHN]; Nouveau Chantier [MNHN]; Piste de Kaw [MNHN]; Belizon [MNHN]; Saül [MNHN]; Piste de Petit Saut [NHMW]; Cayenne [NHMW]; Sinnamary [MNHN]; Piste Coralie [MNHN]; Commune de Roura, Montagne des Chevaux [coll. OC]; Commune de Mana & Saint Élie, Réserve Naturelle de la Trinité—Zone Aya [coll. OC]; Com- mune de Mana, Angoulême, Saut-Sabat [coll. OC]; Commune de Régina, Nouragues, Nourages Inselberg [coll. OC]; Commune de Régina, Nouragues, Saut Pararé [coll. OC]; Commune de Maripasoula, Mitaraka [coll. OC]; Commune de Saint-Elie, Montagne proche du Mont Barruol [coll. OC]; Commune de Saint-Élie, Mont Mamilihpan [coll. OC]; Commune de Saint-Laurent, Massif Lucifer [coll. OC]. Peru: Province Oxapampa, Dept. Pasco, Pozuzo [coll. OC].

Figures

FIGURE 46. Comparison of males of all known Prisopus spp. for French Guiana. Habitus in dorsal view. a. P. wolfgangjunki; b. P. clarus n. sp.; c. P. sacratus; d. P. horstokkii; e. P. horridus; f. P. phacellus; g. P. minimus; h. P. piperinus; i. P. ariadne; j. P. conocephalus n.sp..

FIGURE 47. Comparison of males of all known Prisopus spp. for French Guiana. Habitus in ventral view. a. P. wolfgangjunki; b. P. clarus n. sp.; c. P. sacratus; d. P. horstokkii; e. P. horridus; f. P. phacellus; g. P. minimus; h. P. piperinus; i. P. ariadne; j. P. conocephalus n.sp..