Entomobrya unostrigata Stach, 1930

Jordana, Rafael & Greenslade, Penelope, 2020, Biogeographical and ecological insights from Australasian faunas: the megadiverse collembolan genus, Entomobrya (Entomobryidae), Zootaxa 4770 (1), pp. 1-104 : 77-78

Entomobrya unostrigata Stach, 1930

( Figs 3J , 6A , 41 A–F)

Entomobrya unostrigata ab. astrigata Stach, 1930

Entomobrya unostrigata var. dorsosignata Stach, 1963

Drepanura kanaba Wray, 1953 . Christiansen 1956

Type locality. Spain

Material examined. Two females,ACT Canberra , CSIRO Entomology, ANIC building,- 35.2748°S, 149.1142°E, 500m asl, 14.i.1981; 4 female NSW , Armidale, Chisholm Close , - 30.5016°S, 151.6662°E, 980m asl, 1971; female, 3 juveniles, NSW , Cowra plots, Kurajong, - 33.8281°S, 148.6779°E, 310m asl, pitfalls, 5–8.iii.1993; thousands NSW , Myall Vale, Narrabri Agricultural Research Station , - 30.2044°S, 149.5975°E, 190m asl, pitfall traps; 2 females in two slides, NSW , West Ryde, Sydney , - 33.8082°S, 151.0835°E, 50m asl, 14.ii.?ca. 1990; 3 females, juvenile, QLD , Geraldton, Reserve St , - 28.7774°S, 114.6150°E, 12m asl, on sweet corn, 30.vi.1998, 10.ix.1998; 2 female 2 male in other slide, SA , Cambrai, - 34.6639°S, 139.3212°E, 305m asl, under stones, 1.xii.1971; female, juvenile?, SA , Cleve, Section 17, Hundred of Smeaton , - 30.0002°S, 136.2092°E, 50 m asl, 15.vi.1979, in dermatitis skin 15.vi.1979; 2 females, juvenile?, SA , Eyre Peninsula, Port Lincoln , - 34.7240°S, 135.8611°E, 31m asl, 5.ii.1973; female, SA , Glen Roy, south of Cambrai , - 34.6553°S, 139.3644°E, 70m asl, under damp stones, 24.xi.1971; female?, SA , Hallett Cove , - 35.0770°S, 138.5020°E, 100m asl, in school, “biting children” 17.xi.1975; 11 specimens in ethyl alcohol, SA , Hindmarsh Island, Grey revegetation plot, young, - 35.516°S, 138.866°E, 25m asl, pitfalls, 5.10.2013, PG, GH leg.; male, female, 3 juveniles, SA , Loch, - 33.5678°S, 135.7547°E, 123m asl, in garden, 26.xi.1979; female?, SA , Mt Lofty Botanical Garden , - 34.9880°S, 138.7183°E, 550m asl, iii. iv.1969; female, SA , Padthaway, - 36.6270°S, 140.4339°E, 37m asl, 11.ix.1969; male and Isotomurus also on slide, SA , Tarcowie, - 32.9588°S, 138.4441°E, 574m asl, invading house, xii.1978, J. Forrest leg.; male and 3 juveniles; TAS, Fort Direction , - 43.0400°S, 147.41000°E, pasture, 8.viii.1977; male TAS, Launceston, Carmelite Monastery , - 41.4317°S, 147.2083°E, 160m asl, 22.i.1976; 2 females, 2 juveniles Vic. Burnley, - 37.8299°S, 145.0176°E, 50m asl, in clover 8.iv.1946, Womersley det. as E. exoricarva ; male, VIC, Blackburn , - 37.8260°S, 145.1510°E, 100m asl, on clover, 22.viii.1946 , Womersley det. as E. exoricarva ; male; VIC, Melbourne , - 37.8333°S, 144.9833°E, 31m asl, causing itch in Military Hospital, 23.i.1942; juvenile, VIC, Melbourne , private house , - 37.8333°S, 144.9833°E, 31m asl, 7.ix.1971; WA, Jarrahdale, Alcoa mine site , - 32.33692°S, 116.0676°E, 228m asl, soil, 1979, J.M. Majer leg.; juvenile, WA, 5 km N.E. Dardanup ,- 33.39932°S, 115.7553°E, 30m asl, 24.i.1979; 2 males WA, Brookton, - 32.368°S, 117.006°E, 243m asl, 26.vi.1975,; female, WA, Carlisle , - 31.9770°S, 115.9160°E, 31m asl, litter, 22.iii.1972, all SAMA .

Redescription based on Australian specimens. Size. Length up to 2.35 mm (n=20).

Colour. Pattern as in Figs 6A .

Head. Antennal length 1.167 mm (n=13) 2.5 times the length of the head, Ant IV with a bilobed apical vesicle. Four labral papillae with two or three projections ( Fig. 41A ). Four prelabral ciliated chaetae abd 5,5,4 labral smooth chaetae. 8 eyes, G and H smaller than E and F. External process of papilla E reaching the papilla tip. Posterior labial row with MREL 1 L 2 all ciliated chaetae, R smaller than M.

Body. Ratio lengths of Abd IV/III=4 (n=20). Trochanteral organ from 14–30 spiny chaetae. Unguis with 4 teeth on internal edge, first pair at 55% from base of unguis, and of 2 unpaired teeth, first one at 71% from base and most distal one minute. Dorsal tooth intermediate between internal pair and base of the unguis. Unguiculus spike–like, with smooth external edge on leg III. Manubrial plate with 3 chaetae and 2 psp. Mucro with 2 teeth, subapical tooth smaller than the apical one. Mucronal spine present ( Fig. 41F ).

Chaetotaxy. Simplified formula: 3,1,0,3,2/1,4/2,4/1,0,1/4(1),1 0 2(3–4),1 0 1(2),1 0 2(3),2 with frequent variations in the chaetotaxy of Abd IV. Head chaetotaxy H1 with An 2, An 3a1 and An 3; H2 with A 5; H3 without S’ 0; H4 with S 1, S 3 and S 4i Mc; H5 with Ps 2 and Ps 5. ( Fig. 41B ). Thoracic chaetotaxy ( Figs 41C ) with Th II area T1 with Mc m 2i, T2 area with a 5, m 4, m 4i and m 5.Abdomen ( Figs 41D ): Area A1 on Abd II with 2 Mc a 2 and a 3; A2 on Abd II with 3 or 4 Mc m 3, m 3e and m 3ea always present, m 3e as mesochaeta or absent, sometimes asymmetrically. Abd III with 1 Mc on areas A3 and A5. Abd IV ( Figure 41E ) with 29–31 Mc: A 03 –A 05, A 1, A 5 –A 6, B 1 –B 2, B 4 –B 6, B e2 –B e3, C 1 and E 1.

Remarks. This species was described by Stach in 1930 from Spanish material. Later, Christiansen (1958) synonymised E. kanaba ( Wray, 1953) , originally described in the genus Drepanura , as a synonym of this species as did Greenslade (1995). More recently, Katz et al. (2015) redescribed American specimens and Australian specimens show some slight differences from them. For instance, the eyes G and H are similar in size to C and F in American specimens, but smaller in Australian and European individuals. There are 2 or 3 Mc in H4 area in American species, but always 3 Mc in European and Australian specimens. On Th 2 there is one Mc on area T 1 m 1 or possibly m 2i. Abd 2 has 4 or 5 Mc on A2 area in American specimens but 3 or 4 Mc in Australian and European specimens. Abd IV has bothriotricha in T2 and T4 location, but T2 anterior in relation to T4. In Australian and European specimens there are 3 unpaired Mc A 03 –A 05 that are not represented in American material. These differences could be attributed to the species cosmopolitan distribution where genetic drift or founder effect may have caused them to diverge in morphology, even so American, European and Australian specimens seem to be the same species.

Greenslade (1995) described its distribution, abundance, seasonality, habitats and behaviour noting it as a pest in America and Australia but not in Europe. The species is largely but not exclusively restricted to Mediterranean climatic regions of the country.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Habitus and colour of: A, Entomobrya promontorium sp. nov.; B, Entomobrya pseudomarginata sp. nov.; C, Entomobrya regina sp. nov.; D, Entomobrya restituta sp. nov.; E, Entomobrya salina sp. nov.; F, Entomobrya stirlingensis sp. nov.; G, Entomobrya tasmomarginata sp. nov.; H, E. termitophila Schött, 1917; I, E. torquemensa sp. nov.; J, E. unostrigata Stach, 1930; K, E. varia Schött, 1917; L, E. virgata Schött, 1917; M, Entomobrya weldensis sp. nov.; N, E. womersleyi Bagnall, 1939; O, Entomobrya zebra sp. nov.; P, Himalanura draconis sp. nov. Bar=0.5 mm.

FIGURE 6. Photographs of: A, E. unostrigata; B, E. varia, C, E. virgata; D, Entomobrya weldensis sp. nov., Holotype; E, Entomobrya zebra sp. nov., Holotype; Himalanura draconis sp. nov. Holotype; G, scale like–chaetae of H. draconis (bar=10 micrometers). Bar=0.5 mm.

FIGURE 41. Entomobrya unostrigata sp. nov. Figures A–F. A, labral papillae (bar=0.015 mm); B, head chaetotaxy; C, Th II chaetotaxy; D, Abd II–III chaetotaxy; E, Abd IV chaetotaxy. F, tip of dens and mucro (bar=0.01 mm). Bar for C–E=0.05 mm.