Trichodromeus penicillatus ( Reitter, 1900 )

Shavrin, Alexey V., 2024, Review of Hygrogeus Mulsant & Rey, 1880 and Trichodromeus Luze, 1903, with descriptions of three new genera from the eastern Palaearctic Region (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Anthophagini: Omaliinae), Zootaxa 5531 (1), pp. 1-62 : 26-27

Trichodromeus penicillatus ( Reitter, 1900)

( Figs 28–38 , 49 , 56–58 , 65 )

Hygrogaeus [sic] penicillatus Reitter, 1900: 49 .

Geodromicus (Trichodromeus) penicillatus : Luze 1903: 116, Tichomirova 1973: 141, Kashcheev & Ishkov 2001: 101.

Geodromicus penicillatus : Bernhauer & Schubert 1910: 77.

Trichodromeus penicillatus : Bordoni 1990: 100, Zerche 1992: 131, Herman 2001: 373, Smetana 2004: 252, Shavrin & Klimenko 2008: 197, Schülke & Smetana 2015: 326, Hlavač et al. 2016: 3.

Geodromicus (Trichodromeus) tumidus Luze, 1903: 117 ; Tichomirova 1973: 141.

Geodromicus tumidus : Luze 1904: 78, Bernhauer & Schubert 1910: 77.

Trichodromeus tumidus : Bordoni 1990: 102.

Trichodromeus sogdianus Bordoni, 1990: 104 .

Material examined. KAZAKHSTAN: TURKISTAN: 5 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀: Aksu-Dzhabagly, Koksay River. 17.07.2001. V. Kashcheev leg. (cSh, ZIN); 5 ♀♀: same data, Kshi-Kaindy Pass. 19.06.2001. (cSh); 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀: Kshi-Kaindy Pass. 2500 m a.s.l., under stones near stream. 17.07.1983. B.V. Iskakov leg. ( ZIN); 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀: same data. 19.06.2001. V. Kashcheev leg. (cSh); JAMBYL: 2 ♂♂: ‘Aulie-Ata [=Taraz] Syr-Darya-Gebiet’ ( MHNH); 1 ♂, 1 ♀: ‘Aulie Ata Syr Darya’ ( IRSNB); 1 ♂, 1 ♀: ‘Aulia Ata Syr Daria’ ( BMNH, NMPC); 2 ♂♂: ‘Aulie Ata’ ( BMNH, IRSNB); JETISU: 3 ♂♂: Dzhungar Alatau, Usek River. 10.07.2005. V. Kashcheev leg. (cSh); 1 ♂: Balkhash, Karatal River. 01.07.2004. V. Kashcheev leg. ( ZIN); ALMATY: 3 ♀♀: Ketmen Mnt., Bolshoy Ketmen`. 16.07.1988. V. Kashcheev leg. (cSh); 1 ♀: Ile Alatau, Kumbel`. 22.08.2009. 2400 m a.s.l. V. Kashcheev leg. (cSh); UZBEKISTAN: TASHKENT: 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀: Chimgan, Chatyak Ridge. 26– 28.06.1989. K. Majer leg. ( NHMB); 1 ♂, 1 ♀: NW part of Chatkal Mt. Ridge, Chimgan. 2200 m a.s.l. 25– 27.07.1990. J. Kaláb leg. (cZ); 1 ♀: same Mt. Ridge, Okhangaron District, 6 km NW Irtash, Iertash [Yertoshsoy] River (right confluent of Okhangaron R. 41°10’24.3’’N 70°16’06.5’’E). 2500 m a.s.l. 05– 06.08.2021. A.V. Shavrin leg. (cSh); KYRGYZSTAN: JALAL-ABAD: 3 ♀♀: Sary-Chelek Lake. 2000 m a.s.l. 16.08.1995. A. Klimenko leg. (cSh); 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀: Chandalash Mts., Chakmak Suu River. 14.07.2000. V. Gromenko leg. (cSh, ZMM); BATKEN: 1 ♀: Kadamjay District, Isfayramsay Ravine. 2800 m a.s.l. 14.07.1999. O.O. Novikov leg. (cSh); 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀: Isfayramsay [Urakain]. 23.07.1996 ( ZMM); TAJIKISTAN: NOHIYAHOI TBEI JUMHURÎ: 1 ex: Gissar Mts., NW shore of Issyk-Kul Lake. 23.07.1947. Kirichenko leg. ( ZIN); 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀: S slope of Gissar Mts., Anzob Pass. 3583 m a.s.l. 04.07.1947. Kirichenko leg. ( ZIN); 1 ♀: W Gissar Mts., Kalta-Khol. 03.07.1994. Gromenko leg. (cSh); LOCALITY NOT SPECIFIED: 1 ♀: ‘Turkestan A. Zolotarew’ ( ZMM); 1 ♂: ‘Transcaspien Dort…[illegible]’ ( NHMB); 1 ♀: ‘ Holotypus G. (Trichodromeus) penicillatus Reitter’, ‘ Hygrogaeus penicillatus n.sp. [handwritten]’, ‘543’ ( ZIN); 1 ex.: ‘448’, ‘ Hygrogeus penicillatus sp.n. Rtt’, ‘ Geodromicus (Trichodromeus) penicillatus Reitt. Kirschenblatt det.’, ‘ Geodromicus penicillatus Rtt. det. Kastch.’ ( ZIN).

Redescription. Measurements (n=70): HW: 1.01–1.20; HL: 0.62–0.94; OL: 0.21–0.27; TL: 0.17–0.25; AL: 3.10–4.30; PL: 0.94–1.16; PWmax: 1.15–1.64; PWmin: 1.05–1.45; ESL: 1.94–2.09; EW: 1.99–2.84; MTbL (averaged): 1.71; MTrL (averaged): 0.70 (MTrL 1–4: 0.40; MTrL 5: 0.30); AW: 1.97–2.47; AedL: 1.00–1.50; BL: 4.60–8.60.

Habitus as in Fig. 49 . Body reddish-brown to black, sometimes with distinctly paler elytra; mouthparts, antennae and legs yellwish to yellow-brown (preapical maxillary palpomere and femora in some specimens darker); tarsi yellowish. Head with disinct microsculpture, dense and transverse on clypeus, isodiametric in middle and infraorbital portions, significantly coarser in mediobasal portion and neck, median portion between basal parts of supra-antennal prominences sometimes without meshes; pronotum with dense microsculpture, coarser than that on head, finer in middle portion, mediobasal portion sometimes without microreticulation; scutellum with dense transverse or isodiamertric microsculpture; abdominal tergites with dense transverse or isodiametric sculpture.

Head 1.2–1.6 times as broad as long, with distinctly elevated middle portion at level of anterior margins of eyes and infraorbital parts; anterio-median depression deep, sometimes connected with moderately narrow and deep interocellar depression; anteocellar foveae distinct, narrow and deep, strongly convergent lateroanteriad toward level of anterior third of eyes or slightly longer; temples relatively long, slightly shorter than longitudinal length of eyes. Head ventrally as in Fig. 32 . Ocelli moderately large or small and sometimes indistinct, located at level of posterior margin of eyes; distance between ocelli 1.3–1.5 times as long as distance between ocellus and posterior margin of eyes. Punctation variable, dense, fine or moderately large, finer in middle, larger and deeper on infraorbital portions in some specimens; neck without punctures or with fine and relatively sparse punctation. Labrum as in Fig. 28 . Mandibles as in Fig. 29 . Labium and mentum as in Fig. 31 . Maxilla as in Fig. 30 ; last (apical) maxillary palpomere about as long as preapical segment, from mdeiobasal third gradually narrowed toward truncate apex. Antenna reaching middle of elytra or slightly longer when reclined, with elongate antennomeres 3–10; antennomere 3 1.3–1.5 longer than 2, 4–6 distinctly shorter than 3, 7–10 distinctly shorter than 6, apical antennomere slightly longer than preapical segment, from apical third gradually narrowed toward subacute or obtuse apex.

Pronotum 1.2–1.4 times as broad as long, from widest anterior third gradually narrowed posteriad toward obtuse hind angles ( Fig. 33 ); frontal part not or indistinctly protruded apicad, with rounded or slightly concave apical margin; basal margin straight or indistinctly concave; middle portion without or with distinct narrow longitudinal depression, starting from mediobasal part and reaching mediobasal third; mediobasal portion with transverse, shallow or relatively deep depression; laterobasal portions usually widely depressed; some specimens with two indistinct oval impressions slightly in front of middle. Mesoventrite as in Fig. 34 . Metaventrite as in Fig. 35 . Metendosternite as in Fig. 36 . Punctation dense, about as that on head or denser, larger and deeper, finer and sparser in middle, mediobasal portion sometimes without punctures. Scutellum ( Fig. 37 ) without or with fine and sparse indistinct punctation.

Elytra convex or slightly impressed in middle, slightly broader than long, slightly or strongly narrower postreriad ( Fig. 38 ), 1.8 times to slightly more than twice as long as pronotum; lateral margins with narrow longidudinal impressions; hind margins straight or widely rounded. Punctation about as that on pronotum, but slightly sparser. Hind wings fully developed.

Metatarsi more than twice shorter than metatibia; apical metatarsomere shorter than preceding four metatarsomeres.

Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra, with wide transverse tomentose spots in the middle of abdominal tergite IV and two smaller, transverse or oval spots in the middle of tergite V (indistinct in some specimens).

Male. Posterior margin of abdominal tergite VIII straight ( Fig. 59 ). Posterior margin of abdominal sternite VIII with wide and moderately deep emargination ( Fig. 60 ). Genital segment as in Fig. 61 . Aedeagus elongate, with narrowed median lobe and moderately large basal portion, gradually narrowed toward small rounded apex; parameres narrow, slightly not reaching apex of median lobe, with indisinctly broadened apical portions, with four long apical setae and numerous relatively short setae along outer margins of each paramere; internal sac wide and moderately short, with elongate parallel structures slightly above middle and two indistinct fields of sclerotized spines, with long flagellum ( Fig. 56, 58 ). Lateral aspect of the aedeagus as in Fig. 57 .

Female. Posterior margins of abdominal tergite VIII ( Fig. 62 ) and sternite VIII ( Fig. 63 ) rounded. Genital segment as in Fig. 64 .

Comparative notes. Trichodromeus penicillatus can be distinguished from all congeners by the shape of the strongly elongate median lobe, parameres with numerous setae along inner margin, and details of the internal sac of the aedeagus. Based on the general shape of the body and the length of the antennae, it somewhat similar to the Middle Asian T. ketmeniensis , but can be easily distinguished from it by the darker coloration, longer apical maxillary palpomere, coarser microsculpture of the pronotum, and different morphology of the aedeagus.

Distribution. Trichodromeus penicillatus is widely distributed in the mountains of the Middle Asia, and known from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan ( Fig. 65 ).

Bionomics. Trichodromeus penicillatus can be found under stones near streams and rivers at altitudes from 924 to 3600 m a.s.l.

Remarks. Hygrogaeus penicillatus was originally described from “Buchara: Karatak”. Luze (1903) described subgenus Trichodromeus within Geodromicus included G. (T.) penicillatus and G. (T.) tumidus Luze, 1903 . The latter species was described based on a male from “Russisches Zentralasien (Buchara: Karatagh)”, the same locality as that of T. penicillatus . Bordoni (1990) changed status of Trichodromeus to the generic level, and provided morphological data, including figures of aedeagi of T. penicillatus and T. tumidus . Besides that, he described and illustrated T. sogdianus from “Mts Karateghin. Baldschuan, 924 m …”. Zerche (1992) redescribed T. penicillatus , synonymized T. tumidus and T. sogdianus with it, and provided additional faunistic records from Tajikistan. Kashcheev & Ishkov (2001) recorded T. penicillatus (as Geodromicus ) from Kazakhstan. It is here recorded from Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan for the first time.

Figures

FIGURE 65. Distribution of Trichodromeus penicillatus (Reitter, 1900) in Middle Asia. Black circles: material studied by author, white circles: previously published material not seen by author.

FIGURES 28–38. Trichodromeus penicillatus: 28—labrum (dorsal view), 29—mandibles (left and right, dorsal view), 30—maxilla (dorsal view), 31—labium and mentum (ventral view), 32—head (ventral view), 33—prothorax (ventral view), 34—mesoventrite (ventral view), 35—metaventrite (ventral view), 36—metendosternite (dorsal view), 37—scutellum (ventral view), 38—elytron (ventral view). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 49–51. Habitus of Trichodromeus: 49—T. penicillatus (Kazakhstan: Aksu-Dzhabagly), 50—T. pusillus (Kashmir), 51—T. telnovi (holotype). Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 52–58. Aedeagus of Trichodromeus (Figs 52–53: T. kumaonensis (paratype), Figs 54–55: T. telnovi (holotype), Figs 56–58: T. penicillatus (Figs 56–57: Kazakhstan, Dzhabagly; Fig. 58: Kyrgyzstan, Chakmak): 52, 54, 56, 58—parameral view, 53, 55, 57—lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 59–64. Abdominal segments (ventral view) of Trichodromeus penicillatus: 59—male tergite VIII, 60—male sternite VIII, 61—male genital segment, 62—female tergite VIII, 63—female sternite VIII, 64—female genital segment. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.