Philodoria auromagnifica Walsingham, 1907

Kobayashi, Shigeki, Johns, Chris A. & Kawahara, Akito Y., 2021, Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species, Zootaxa 4944 (1), pp. 1-175 : 25-26

Philodoria auromagnifica Walsingham, 1907

Figs. 7E , 26B , 41B, C , 42B, C , 43B, C , 56C , 61A–G , 79H .

Philodoria auromagnifica Walsingham, 1907: 718 , pl. 25, fig. 20; Swezey 1913b: 223; Zimmerman 1978a: 695, figs. 461, 468, 474; Kobayashi et al. (2018): 130 –132, figs. 2E, F, 5E–H, 6E–H, 7G, 8B, 11, 14C.

Type locality. mountains, 2000 ft near Honolulu (Oahu) .

Type material. Holotype ♂, Mts. 2000 ft near Honolulu , Oahu, 25.x.1892, Perkins. 25857|BM slide no. 472| Walsingham Collection. 1910–427.| NHMUK010305330 | in NHMUK.

Diagnosis. Very similar to P. succedanea , but distinguished from it by the dark brownish orange patches and brownish orange basal patch in the forewing; a fuscous patch with dark orangish scales in the apical portion ( Fig. 7E ); in the male genitalia by the rather long valva narrowing in the middle, vinculum large, inflexed on the ventral side, broad and straight saccus ( Figs. 41B, C , 42B, C ); in the female genitalia by signa with rather blunt spines ( Fig. 55C ) ( Kobayashi et al. 2018). See also diagnosis of P. succedanea .

Adult ( Fig. 7E ). Wingspan 8 mm in holotype. Male genitalia ( Figs. 41B, C , 42B, C , 43B, C , 61A–C ) and Female genitalia figured ( Figs. 56C , 61G ). See also Kobayashi et al. (2018).

Distribution. Kauai ( Kobayashi et al. 2018), Oahu ( Walsingham 1907), Molokai ( Swezey & Bryan 1929), and Hawaii (Big Island) ( Zimmerman 1978a).

Host plants. Primulaceae : Myrsine lessertiana A. DC. and M. sandwicensis A. DC. ( Johns et al. 2016) , M. wawraea (Mez) Hosaka ( Kobayashi et al. 2018) , Myrsine sp. ( Swezey 1913a).

Biology. ( Fig. 79H ). Kobayashi et al. (2018: 131, figs. 8B, 11, 14C) reported the leaf mine and pupal cocoon.

Parasitoids. Eulophidae : Euderus metallicus (Ashmead, 1901) ( Zimmerman 1978a) .

Figures

FIGURE 7. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. succedanea Walsingham, 1907 lectotype female, B Paralectotype male, C P. kauaulaensis Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara, 2018 holotype female, D Philodoria sp. nr. P. auromagnifica male Kauai, E P. auromagnifica Walsingham, 1907 holotype male, F P. kolea Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara, 2018 holotype male. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 26. Forewing pattern variation in Philodoria. Specimens from recent collection efforts that were preserved in ethanol or RNA stabilization reagent, originally for molecular studies. Wings were placed without mountant under a coverslip. A P. succedanea (sex unknown, CJ419), B P. auromagnifica, male (CJ148/SK689), C P. basalis, female (CJ410), D P. splendida, female (CJ488a), host: Syzygium sp., E P. splendida (sex unknown, CJ488b), host: Syzygium sp., F P. molokaiensis, male (CJ509b/ SK667), G P. sp. A nr. P. lysimachiella, female (CJ346a/SK753), H P. lysimachiella, female (CJ530), lateral view, I P. pipturiella, female (CJ529), J Same species, male (CJ529), K P. haelaauensis, female (CJ209), L Same species, female (CJ216), M P. floscula, female (CJ426/SK845), N P. wilkesiella, male (CJ009/SK649), O P. epibathra, male (CJ506a/SK678), P Same species, female (CJ506b/SK681). Arrows point to diagnostic characters of species: black patch at base (A), basal fascia (D), transverse fasciae (tf) (F, G), white spot (ws) (I, J), white patch (K–M). Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 41. Male valva of Philodoria, inner view. A–F, H–J, L, M: Left valva, G, K, N: Right valva. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F, G P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, H P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, I P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, J P. splendida, Maui, SK696, K Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., L P. lama, holotype, Maui SK744, M P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767, N Same as L, paratype, Kauai, SK745.

FIGURE 42. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK745. Abbreviation: ta: tuba analis.

FIGURE 43. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK755, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767.

FIGURE 55. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, C P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK674.

FIGURE 56. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. succedanea, paralectotype, Maui, SK714, B Same species, Hawaii (Big Island), SK624, C P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK623, D P. kauaulaensis, holotype, SK690, E Same species, lateral view, F P. kolea, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK634, G P. lysimachiella, SK654, H P. sp. A, SK753, I P. molokaiensis, SK668, lateral view, J Same ventral view, K P. splendida, SK621, L P. lama, paratype, SK813.

FIGURE 61. Images of genitalia slides prepared by E. C. Zimmerman. A–D: P. auromagnifica, male, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-5, E–G: P. auromagnifica, female, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-6, H: P. basalis, female, Hawaii (Big Island), Z-XII-20-62-4, I–N: P. costalis, paralectotype male, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-2. A, M Phallus, lateral view, B Entire genitalia except phallus, ventral view, C Coremata, D Abdominal segments II–III, E Abdominal segments II–VI, F Tergum II, G, H Entire female genitalia, I Abdominal segments II–V, J Right valva, K Genital capsule, ventral view, L Left valva, N Abdominal segment VIII with dorsal flap and coremata.

FIGURE 79. Philodoria species on the host plant, Myrsine. A–D, F, G: P. succedanea, E: P. kauaulaensis, H: P. auromagnifica. A–C, F–K host: Myrsine lessertiana, D M. Linearifolia, E M. lanaiensis. A–C: Molokai, D: Kauai, E: Maui, A–E Leaf mine and later larva F–K: Hawaii (Big Island). F, I, J Host plants and leaf mines, G Fallen leaf and leaf mine with larva, H Developing mine, K Near complete mine of late instar larva.