Philodoria, Walsingham, 1907

Kobayashi, Shigeki, Johns, Chris A. & Kawahara, Akito Y., 2021, Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species, Zootaxa 4944 (1), pp. 1-175 : 19-20

Key to female genitalia

(Females of P. limahuliensis sp. n., P. napaliensis sp. n., P. nigrella , P. pipturiana , P. pittosporella , P. platyphylliella sp. n., P. sp. 2, 3, 7, and P. sp. B are unknown. The female of P. micropetala is known except that its corpus bursae and ductus bursae are missing)

1 Signa present with spines............................................................................... 2

- Signa absent; corpus bursae smooth or with some lines consisting of wrinkles running longitudinally, some sclerotized..... 8

2 Lamella antevaginalis large sclerotized plate................................................................ 3

- Lamella antevaginalis weakly sclerotized; antrum cup-shaped with a slender pair of lateral lobes...................... 4

3 Spines on signa large, triangular; lamella antevaginalis trapezoid ( Fig. 56I, J ).......................... P. molokaiensis

- Spines on signa short, linear; lamella antevaginalis trapezoid, rather narrowing at posterior end ( Fig. 56H )......... P. sp. A

- Spines on signa large claw-shaped ( Fig. 56G )................................................... P. lysimachiella

- Spines on signa oblong and podlike ( Fig. 40G, H , 56K, L )........................ P. basalis , P. splendida , P. lama sp. n.

4 End of ductus bursae membranous........................................................................ 5

- End of ductus bursae sclerotized, bifurcated................................................................ 7

5 Signa small and narrow with minute spines; lateral lobes of antrum short ( Fig. 56F )............................ P. kolea

- Signa spiny pyriform with minute spines ( Fig. 57F ; Zimmerman 1978a: fig. 480).......... P. haelaauensis sp. n., P. spilota

- Signa rather broad, sinouous, linear; lateral lobes long and slender ( Fig. 57G ).............................. P. floscula

- Signa with a pair of large spines.......................................................................... 6

6 Spines long and slender ( Fig. 56A, B )........................................................... P. succedanea

- Spines on signa small and rounded ( Fig. 56D, E )................................................ P. kauaulaensis

- Spines on signa blunt ( Fig. 56C )............................................................ P. auromagnifica

7 Signa small and podlike with minute spines ( Fig. 59L )................................................ P. hauicola

- Signa two short lines with minute spines ( Figs. 58H , 59J ).............................. P. hibiscella , P. touchardiella

- Signa very small with a pair of slender minute spines ( Fig. 59K )................................... P. keaensis sp. n.

- Signum very small with a minute spine ( Fig. 60A–C )........................................... P. marginestrigata

8 Ductus bursae short, about 300 µm in length; lamella antevaginalis inflexed on posterior margin ( Fig. 57A–E )................................................................................. P. costalis , P. pipturiella P. pipturicola

- Ductus bursae short, about 300 µm in length; lamella antevaginalis semicircular ( Fig. 58A )................ P. wilkesiella

- Ductus bursae long, 400~µm in length ( Figs. 58B–G, I–M , 59A–I , 60D–F )..................................................................................... P. alakaiensis sp. n., P. dubauticola , P. dubautiella , P. epibathra , P. obamaorum sp. n., P. hesperomanniella sp. n., P. funkae sp. n., P. keahii sp. n., P. knudseniiella sp. n., P. lipochaetaella , P. naenaeiella , P. neraudicola , P. nigrelloides , P. opuhe sp. n., P. sciallactis , P. ureraella , P. urerana , P. sp. 1 ¶

¶ Females of the 18 species have the following similar characters: lamella antevaginalis weakly sclerotized, widening toward anterior margin of A7; Ductus bursae posterior extremity widening and membranous, and middle part weakly sclerotized, round and flat; terminus of ductus bursae tubular, biforked. Corpus bursae pyriform or oblong; signa absent; paired rows consisting of wrinkles running longitudinally. See also key to adults and male genitalia for species identification.

Figures

FIGURE 40. Genitalia of Philodoria. A–D: Male genitalia of P. marginestrigata, Kauai (CJ521/SK784), host: Sida fallax, E–H: Female genitalia of P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island [SKH09-1]), host: Metrosideros polymorpha, E–G: SK617, H: SK616. A Phallus, lateral view, B Genitalia except right valva and phallus, ventral view, C Right valva, inside view, D Dorsal flap, inside view, E, G Female genitalia, lateral view, F, H Same, ventral view. aa: apophysis anterioris, an: antrum, ap: apophysis posterioris, cb: corpus bursae, co: coecum, cr: cornuti, db: ductus bursae, de: ductus ejaculatorius, ds: ductus seminalis, la: lamella antevaginalis, ob: ostium bursae, ph: phallus, phb: phallobase, sa: saccus, si: signum, ta: tuba analis, te: tegumen, va: valva, vi: vinculum.

FIGURE 56. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. succedanea, paralectotype, Maui, SK714, B Same species, Hawaii (Big Island), SK624, C P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK623, D P. kauaulaensis, holotype, SK690, E Same species, lateral view, F P. kolea, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK634, G P. lysimachiella, SK654, H P. sp. A, SK753, I P. molokaiensis, SK668, lateral view, J Same ventral view, K P. splendida, SK621, L P. lama, paratype, SK813.

FIGURE 57. Female genitalia of Pipturus-mining Philodoria. A P. costalis, paralectotype, SK653 B Same species, paratype, SK652 C P. pipturiella, SK722 D P. pipturicola, paralectotype, lateral view, SK717 E Same species, paralectotype, SK716 F P. haelaauensis, SK792 G P. floscula, SK819.

FIGURE 58. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. wilkesiella, SK761, B P. epibathra, SK679, C P. dubauticola, SK645, D Same species, PHIL0008, E P. dubautiella, SK692, F P. alakaiensis, paratype, SK659, G Same species, lateral view, H P. hibiscella, SK723, I P. naenaeiella, SK703, J Same species, SK834, K P. knudseniiella, paratype, SK863, L P. hesperomanniella, paratype, SK832, M Same species, SK620.

FIGURE 59. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK708, host: Neraudia melastomifalia, B Same species, Maui, SK838, host: Pipturus albidus, C P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK710, host: Pipturus albidus, D Same species, Hawaii (Big Island), SK844 host: Pipturus sp., E P. urerana, paralectotype, SK672, F Philodoria sp. 1, SK835, G Same species, PHIL0021, H P. keahii, paratype, SK756, I P. funkae, holotype, SK761, J P. touchardiella, SK764, K P. keaensis, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK777, L P. hauicola, Oahu, SK618.

FIGURE 60. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. marginestrigata, SK665, B Same species, SK772, host: Abutilon menziesi, C Same species, SK787, host: Sida fallax, D P. sciallactis, paralectotype, SK713, E P. ureraella, paralectotype, SK677, F P. opuhe, paratype, SK675.