Mycodrosophila, Oldenberg, 1914

Junges, João, Gottschalk, Marco Silva, Loreto, Elgion Lucio da Silva & Robe, Lizandra Jaqueline, 2016, Two new species of Mycodrosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae) proposed by molecular and morphological approaches, with a key to American species, Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (Rev. Bras. Entomol.) 60 (1), pp. 30-39 : 38

Key to American species of Mycodrosophila (updated from Wheeler and Takada, 1963)

1. Dark bands of tergites 2 and 3 broadly interrupted medially and all tergites with pale areas; Nearctic species... 2

1Ɩ Dark bands of tergites 2 and 3 without broad median interruptions; Neotropical species... 4

2. Dark band of tergite 4 broadly interrupted medially, thus appearing like the preceding ones; terminalia as in Wheeler and Takada, 1963: 396, figs. 3–6... M. dimidiata Loew, 1862

2Ɩ. Dark band of tergite 4 not interrupted, medially shaped like an inverted V; terminalia not as above... 3

3. Costal index about 2.0, tergite 6 dark or with small pale areas in the lateral region. Abdominal pattern as shown in Wheeler and Takada, 1963: 394, fig. 2; terminalia as in Wheeler and Takada, 1963: 396, figs. 7–10... Mycodrosophila stalkeri Wheeler and Takada, 1963

3Ɩ. Costal index about 1.7, tergite 6 with large pale areas in the lateral. Abdominal pattern as shown in Wheeler & Takada, 1963: 394, fig. 2; terminalia as in Wheeler and Takada, 1963: 396, figs. 11–14)... M. claytonae Wheeler and Takada, 1963

4. Wing with five prominent black clouds, including one over dm-Cu crossvein; R 2+3 bent abruptly to Costa; terminalia as in Wheeler and Takada, 1963: 397, figs. 31–34)... M. elegans Wheeler and Takada, 1963

4Ɩ. Wing less clouded, posterior crossvein (dm-Cu) never in a cloud; R 2+3 vein approaching Costa gradually; terminalia not as above... 5

5. Pleura largely brown, with a whitish area extending obliquely from the axillar area (wing base) to the pronotum (prosternum); legs brown. Male: unknown... M. brunnescens Wheeler and Takada, 1963

5Ɩ. Pleura pale yellowish, at most the anepimeron (pteropleura) dark; legs mostly pale... 6

6. Anepimeron (pteropleura) dark, forming a short oblique band from the base of the haltere to the katepisternum (sternopleural) corner; abdomen black; terminalia as in Wheeler and Takada, 1963: 396, figs. 27–30... M. nigropleura Wheeler and Takada, 1963

6Ɩ. Anepimeron (pteropleura) yellowish pale or brownish pale; some tergites with pale areas... 7

7. Tergite 6 whole shining black... 8

7Ɩ. Tergite 6 yellow with and elongate, narrow, median black stripe; tergite 5 with an apical dark band expanded basally in midline... 9

8. Tergites 3, 4 and 6 shining black, tergite 5 with paramedian basal pale areas; humeral break (costal incision) weak, lappet scarcely developed; terminalia as in Wheeler and Takada, 1963: 396, figs. 23–26... M. pseudoprojectans Wheeler and Takada, 1963

8Ɩ. Tergites 3 and 4 or only tergite 4 with some pale areas; tergites 5 and 6 shining black; costal lappet large and black; terminalia not as above... 10

9. Tergite 2 without pale areas; dark band in tergite 5 not touching the lateral margin; terminalia as in Wheeler and Takada, 1963: 397, figs. 19–20)... M. neoprojectans Wheeler and Takada, 1963

9Ɩ. Tergite 2 with a pale area in the anterior margin and a dark band with bilobed aspect ( Fig. 5A ; terminalia as in fig. 7A–E... M. hofmanni sp. nov.

10. Both tergites 3 and 4 with pale areas in the anterior margin; tergite 3 with a pale and rounded central area and tergite 4 with an expanded pale area; terminalia as in Wheeler and Takada, 1963: 396, figs. 15–18... M. projectans Sturtevant, 1916

10 Ɩ. Only tergite 4 with a pale area expanded in the anterior margin, tergite 3 dark brown ( Fig. 5B ); terminalia as fig. 9A–E... M. valentae sp. nov.

Figures

Fig. 5. Illustration of the abdominal patterns for Mycodrosophila species. (A) M.hofmanni sp. nov.; (B) M. valentae sp. nov. Drawing outlines based on Wheeler and Takada (1963).