Proteatingis xouthos Shofner and Cassis, 2024

Shofner, Ryan & Cassis, Gerasimos, 2024, Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the Indo-Australian genus Ulonemia sensu Drake (Hemiptera: Tingidae), with the recognition of new genera and species collected from Proteaceae in Australia, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2), pp. 360-425 : 413-415

Proteatingis xouthos Shofner and Cassis sp. nov.

( Figs 5A, B , 13O, P , 14O, P , 21 , 22 )

Zoobank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BB04A08B-85C2-47E0-9633-F9EFD17154A8 .

Type material

Holotype: AUSTRALIA: Queensland: 57.6km WSW of Killarney Station, on sandbar in Alice River , 15.6252°S 143.00009°E, 80 m, 14 Jul 2015, R. Shofner, Grevillea pteridifolia Knight ( Proteaceae ), det. R. Shofner, 1 ♂ (UNSW_ ENT 00046020 ) (QM).

Paratypes: AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: 30 km SSE Nathan River, 15.83333°S 135.5°E, 27 Aug 1987, Anne and Les Dollin, 1♀ (UNSW_ENT 00046469) (ANIC). 60 km SW Borroloola, 16.25°S 135.83333°E, 27 Aug 1987, Anne and Les Dollin, 1 ♂ (UNSW_ENT 00046470) (ANIC). 85 km W Borroloola, 16.16667°S 135.66667°E, 27 Aug 1987, Anne and Les Dollin, 1 ♂ (UNSW_ENT 00046468) (ANIC). 100 km W Borroloola, 16.08333°S 135.58333°E, 27 Aug 1987, Anne and Les Dollin, 1 ♂ (UNSW_ENT 00046467) (ANIC). Fish River Station, transect M, 14.2273°S 131.02757°E, 127 m, 29 Apr 2012, C. Symonds, Grevillea sp. ( Proteaceae ), det. Ben Wirf (NTH) – Field ID, 2 ♂ (UNSW_ENT 00026279, UNSW_ENT 00026280) (UNSW). Queensland: 10 km EbS of The Quinkan and Regional Cultural Centre, 15.58387°S 144.53961°E, 196 m, 09 Mar 2017, R. Shofner, Grevillea pteridifolia Knight ( Proteaceae ), det. P. Forster and K. McDonald (QLD Herbarium), 2 ♀ (UNSW_ENT 00028999, UNSW_ ENT 00029000) (UNSW). 57.6km WSW of Killarney Station, on sandbar in Alice River, 15.6252°S 143.00009°E, 80 m, 14 Jul 2015, R. Shofner, Grevillea pteridifolia Knight ( Proteaceae ), det. R. Shofner, 2♀ (UNSW_ENT 00046016, UNSW_ENT 00046017), 2 ♂ (UNSW_ENT 00046018, UNSW_ENT 00046019) (QM), Grevillea pteridifolia Knight ( Proteaceae ), det. R. Shofner, 2 ♀ (UNSW_ENT 00046014, UNSW_ENT 00046015), 4 ♂ (UNSW_ENT 00046021-UNSW_ENT 00046024) (UNSW). Western Australia: 28km W of Home Valley Station on Gibb River Rd, 15.78218°S 127.64028°E, 239 m, 31 May 2014, G. Cassis, J. Karras and P. Jackson , Grevillea agrifolia A.Cunn. ex R.Br. ( Proteaceae ), det. WAH, 1 ♀ (UNSW_ENT 00046299) (UNSW). 70.8km W of Home Valley Station on Gibb River Rd, 15.89943°S 127.31872°E, 318 m, 31 May 2014, G. Cassis, J. Karras and P. Jackson , Grevillea teretifolia Meisn. ( Proteaceae ), det. WAH, 5 ♂ (UNSW_ENT 00046300, UNSW_ENT 00046303-UNSW_ENT 00046306), 2 ♀ (UNSW_ENT 00046301, UNSW_ENT 00046302) Hakea arborescens R.Br. ( Proteaceae ), det. WAH, 3♀ (UNSW_ ENT 00046315-UNSW_ENT 00046317) (UNSW), Grevillea teretifolia Meisn. ( Proteaceae ), det. WAH, 1 ♂ (UNSW_ENT 00046307) Hakea arborescens R.Br. ( Proteaceae ), det. WAH, 3 ♂ (UNSW_ENT 00046308-UNSW_ENT 00046310), 4 ♀ (UNSW_ENT 00046311-UNSW_ENT 00046314) (WAMP).

Other material examined

AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: Hayes Creek c. 70 km S of Adelaide River, 13.62731°S 131.54447°E, 07 VII 1998, W.G. Ullrich, 2 ♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00046324, UNSW _ENT 00046325), 1 ♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00046462) ( USNM). Nr Stokes Range, c. 3km W of Victoria River (S7), 15.72911°S 131.06468°E, 77 m, 31 May 2015, A. Namyatova, 1 ♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00016234) ( MAGNT). Queensland: North Queensland Co.: 10 km W of Petford, 17.365°S 144.818°E, 22 Jul 1982, J.F. Donaldson, J. W. Turner, 12 ♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00046333- UNSW _ENT 00046344), 11 ♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00046345- UNSW _ENT 00046355) ( QDPI). Lakefield Ranger Station, 14.54065°S 144.3305°E, 19 Jun 2002, A. Postle, Mangifera indica L. ( Anacardiaceae ), 1 ♂ ( UNSW _ ENT 00046330) ( UNSW). 2 km E of Dimbulah, 40 km W of Mareeba, 17.15°S 145.11666°E, 03 Sep 1990, T. J. Henry, 1 ♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00191446) ( USNM). Granite Gorge Nature Reserve, 17.05108°S 145.35575°E, 506 m, 23 May 2006, Cassis, Barrow, Finlay, and Symonds, Jacksonia thesioides A. Cunn. ex Benth. ( Fabaceae ), det. RBG staff, 1 ♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00046328), 1 ♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00046329) ( UNSW). Jct of Flinders Hwy and Cann Camp Creek Road, White Mountains National Park, 20.73105°S 145.18108°E, 567 m, 19 May 2006, Cassis, Barrow, Finlay, and Symonds, Grevillea decora Domin subsp. decora ( Proteaceae ), det. RBG staff, 1 ♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00046327) ( UNSW). Mareeba, Jul 1978, Unknown, Grevillea parallela Knight ( Proteaceae ), 1 ♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00046332) ( QDPI). Murphys Road, Glasshouse Mountains National Park, 6.3 km SW of Beerwah, 26.89994°S 152.9157°E, 92 m, 04 Oct 2017, R. Shofner, Grevillea sp. ( Proteaceae ), det. R. Shofner, 1 ♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00046591) ( UNSW). Walsonville Range, 21 Aug 1970, J. H. Barrett, Grevillea parallela Knight ( Proteaceae ), 1 ♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00046331) ( QDPI). c. 30km SE of Chillagoe, on Burke Developmental Rd, 17.36519°S 144.71405°E, 547 m, 01 Jun 2006, Cassis, Barrow, Finlay, and Symonds, Crotalaria aridicola Domin ( Fabaceae ), det. RBG staff, 1 ♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00046326) ( UNSW). Western Australia: West Kimberley Co.: 70.8km W of Home Valley Station on Gibb River Rd, 15.89943°S 127.31872°E, 318 m, 31 May 2014, G. Cassis, J. Karras and P. Jackson , Hakea arborescens R.Br. ( Proteaceae ), det. WAH, 6; ( UNSW _ENT 00046318- UNSW _ENT 00046323) ( UNSW). Kimberley Dist., Kalumburu Rd, 148.2 km N of Gibb River Rd., 15.02056°S 126.20639°E, 440 m, 21 May 1999, G.Cassis, R.Silveira, Grevillea agrifolia A.Cunn. ex R.Br. ( Proteaceae ), det. PERTH staff PERTH5635829, 1 ♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00026425) Grevillea agrifolia A.Cunn. ex R.Br. ( Proteaceae ), det. PERTH staff PERTH5635829, 9 ♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00026416- UNSW _ ENT 00026424), 3 ♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00026426- UNSW _ENT 00026428) ( AM).

Diagnosis: Proteatingis xouthos can be recognized by the following combination of characters: anterior margin of collum curved medially, projecting forward; anterior portion of costal area uniseriate; paranota areolate along entire length, areolae easily visible and well-defined; metasternal carinae curved, obovate, width between metasternal carinae greater than width between mesosternal carinae; areolae of lateral carinae large, easily seen.

Male: Macropterous; 3.19 ± 0.08 mm (N = 10) ( Table 3 ). COLORATION. Straw-coloured. Head: dark brown; spines straw-coloured; bucculae straw-coloured; eyes red. Antennae: AI–AIII golden-brown, AIV brown. Rostrum: golden-brown with dark brown to black band distally on first segment to proximally on second segment, dark brown to black apex. Pronotum: disc straw-coloured; calli dark brown; collum and paranota straw-coloured; lateral carinae straw-coloured, medial carina golden-brown. Thoracic pleura and sterna: proepisternum straw-coloured anteriorly, mostly brown posteriorly, proepimeron and supracoxal lobes straw-coloured; mesepisternum mostly dark brown to black, mesepimeron and supracoxal lobes golden-brown to straw-coloured; metepisternum brown anteriorly, straw-coloured posteriorly; peritreme of metathoracic gland straw-coloured; prosternum brown, mesosternum dark brown, metasternum golden-brown to brown; pro-, meso-, and metasternal carinae straw-coloured. Hemelytra: straw-coloured; costal area veins brown; R + M vein with dark brown blotch distally; cubitus vein with two dark brown blotches. Legs: mostly straw-coloured, coxae dark brown; tarsi straw-coloured to brown. Abdominal venter: brown. VESTITURE. Head: distribution of straw-coloured aciculate setae in bands from base of AI to occipital spines and from frontal spines along either side of medial spine, to back of head; frons and gena with straw-coloured aciculate setae; medial spine with straw-coloured short aciculate to hooked setae; vertex with globules of wax; bucculae with arcuate aciculate setae, ciliate punctures, and globules of wax. Antennae: AI-AII with straw-coloured sparse, aciculate arcuate setae; AIII with straw-coloured aciculate decumbent setae, AIV with straw-coloured aciculate setae; distal ends of AII and AIII with dense ring of microtrichia. Pronotum: anterior and paranotal margins with sparse arcuate aciculate setae, continuing onto medial and lateral carinae; disc with minute scale-like setae, numerous punctures with six to eight cilia distributed evenly around internal rim of punctures; calli with short straw-coloured cilia, often with globules of wax. Thoracic pleura and sterna: proepisternum with arcuate aciculate setae and ciliate punctures anteriorly as on pronotal disc, lacking ciliate punctures posteriorly, proepimeron and supracoxal lobes with arcuate aciculate setae and ciliate punctures; mesepisternum with arcuate aciculate setae, mesepimeron and supracoxal lobes with arcuate aciculate setae and ciliate punctures posteriorly; metepisternum with arcuate aciculate setae and ciliate punctures; pro-, meso-, and metapluron covered with small wax globules. Legs: coxa to femur glabrous, tibia and tarsus with straw-coloured aciculate setae. Hemelytra: glabrous, rarely with short aciculate setae on veins. Abdominal venter: aciculate setae and wax distributed throughout. STRUCTURE. Head: frontal spines slightly conical, convergent, approximately one-third length of AI; medial spine straight, conical apically, height approximately equal to AI, approximately 5× longer than wide; occipital spines straight, cylindrical, approximately equal to medial spine, easily exceeding anterior edge of collum. Antennae: AI and AII short, AII one-half length of AI; AIII longer than the pronotal width across humeral angles; AIV weakly clavate. Labium: moderate length, extending to posterior margin of mesosternum. Pronotum: strongly convex; collum apex produced, height subequal to disc; carinae greatly elevated from disc, uniseriate, areolae rectangular; medial and lateral carinae equal thickness, lateral carinae mostly parallel, divaricating slightly anteriorly; paranota curved, following disc, upturned obliquely, uniseriate, areolae rectangular. Thoracic sterna: prosternal and mesosternal carinae minimally elevated, areolae barely visible on mesosternal carina; metasternal carinae slightly elevated, uniseriate, areolae rectangular; prosternal and mesosternal carinae straight, parallel, metasternal carinae slightly obovate. Hemelytra: areolae small, irregular, of varying size in discoidal and subcostal areas; sutural area areolae similar to discoidal area proximally, increasing in size to 3× distally; costal area areolae large, rectangular; costal area uniseriate, subcostal area biseriate, discoidal area increasing from one to five or six areolae wide, sutural area increasing from one to nine areolae wide. Male genitalia: pygophore ( Fig. 22A, B ); parameres ( Fig. 22C–E ); dorsal plate Y-shaped ( Fig. 22F ); aedeagus with paired large endosomal lobal sclerites ( Fig. 22F–H ); endosomal spinulation variable in size, with some spinules enlarged ( Fig. 22F–H ).

Female: Macropterous; 3.23 ± 0.11 mm (N = 10) ( Table 3 ). COLORATION. As in male. VESTITURE. As in male. STRUCTURE. As in male.

Plant associations: Recorded from three families and five genera. Anacardiaceae : Mangifera indica , one specimen. Fabaceae : Crotalaria aridicola , one specimen; Jacksonia thesioides , two specimens. Proteaceae : Grevillea agrifolia , 14 specimens; G. decora , one specimen; G. parallela , two specimens; G. pteridifolia , 13 specimens; G. teretifolia , eight specimens; Grevillea sp. , three specimens; Hakea arborescens , 16 specimens.

Distribution: Occurs across northern Australia from the Kimberley region in Western Australia to the Wet Tropics in Far North Queensland; isolated records in White Mountains National Park and Glasshouse Mountains National Park, Queensland ( Fig. 21 ).

Remarks: Proteatingis xouthos is similar to P r. astibosetes and Pr. burckhardti . It can be distinguished from these species by the large areolae on the paranota, costal area, and medial carina, as well as the broad paranota. The known range of Pr. xouthos is larger than any other species of Proteatingis . It occurs in a wide variety of habitats over its extensive distribution.

Figures

Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of Proteatingis xouthos sp. nov. (A, B), Malandiola semota Drake 1942b (C, D), and Cercotingis tasmaniensis sp. nov. (E, F). Abbreviations:hd, hood; mdsp, medial spine; para, paranotum; pmg, peritreme of the metathoracic gland.

Figure 13. Dorsal habitus photos of Proteatingis species:Pr. astibosetes sp. nov.male western morph (A), male eastern morph (B), female western morph (C), female eastern morph (D); Pr. burckhardti stat. nov. male large morph (E), male small morph (F), female large morph (G), female small morph (H); Pr. howardi sp. nov. male (I), female (J); Pr. minuta sp. nov.male (K), female (L); Pr. mjobergi stat. nov. male (M), female (N); Pr. xouthos sp. nov.male (O), female (P). Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 14. Lateral habitus photos of Proteatingis species: Pr. astibosetes sp. nov. male western morph (A), male eastern morph (B), female western morph (C), female eastern morph (D); Pr. burckhardti stat. nov. male large morph (E), male small morph (F), female large morph (G), female small morph (H); Pr. howardi sp. nov. male (I), female (J); Pr. minuta sp. nov.male (K), female (L); Pr. mjobergi stat. nov. male (M), female (N); Pr. xouthos sp. nov.male (O), female (P). Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 21. Distribution map for Proteatingis mjobergi stat. nov. and Pr. xouthos sp. nov. Locality information taken from the PBI database.

Figure 22. Male genitalia of Proteatingis xouthos sp. nov.: pygophore, dorsal view (A); pygophore, ventral view (B); left paramere, dorsal view (C); right paramere, lateral view (D); right paramere, dorsal view (E); aedeagus, dorsal view (F); aedeagus, ventral view (G); aedeagus, right lateral view (H). See Methods for abbreviations. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.