Penaincisalia andreae Busby & Hall

Hall, Jason P. W., Willmott, Keith R. & Busby, Robert C., 2005, Five new Penaincisalia species (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Eumaeini) from the Andes of southern Ecuador and northern Peru, Zootaxa 797, pp. 1-20 : 12-14

Penaincisalia andreae Busby & Hall , new species ( Figs. 1 E; 2C; 3F,G,H; 5)

Description.— Male: Forewing length of HT 14 mm. Forewing costal margin approximately straight, distal margin slightly convex, apex pointed; hindwing anal margin convex, apex rounded, and tornus formed into a round lobe with a short triangular tail extending from vein Cu2; venation typical for genus. Dorsal surface: Both wings dark iridescent blue, except for a narrow black border at distal margin that broadens at apex, a very narrow black border at costal margin of forewing, a broader black border at costal margin of hindwing (with blue not extending above vein Rs in apex), and a gray hindwing anal fold, hindwing tornal lobe suffused with dark red scaling; forewing androconial cluster appears to be a scent pad, with very densely layered, elongate, smooth­tipped black scales, scent pad broadly triangular and positioned in upper distal corner of discal cell ( Fig. 2 C); fringe on both wings black, with a few white scales at tip and base of hindwing tail. Ventral surface: Ground color of both wings pale brown, becoming paler towards anal margin of forewing and darker towards base of hindwing, which reflects a bluish green iridescence when tilted 45°; discal cell ends marked by a thin rufous brown line; broader rufous brown postdiscal bands have an ill­defined proximal edge and a sharply defined distal edge with a fine line of black and red and then dirty white scaling, straight forewing band extends diagonally from costa to vein Cu2, broader and very jagged hindwing band extends from costa to vein Cu2 and then turns sharply towards anal margin to become poorly defined beyond vein 2A; broad, diffuse band of scattered gray scales between postdiscal band and wing base on hindwing and between postdiscal and submarginal bands on both wings; thin, undulating, reddish brown submarginal band extends on forewing from costal margin to vein Cu2, and on hindwing from apex to tornus, hindwing band becomes red in tornus, with a few white scales at wing margin and a large black patch immediately distally, small dark brown marginal spots more prominent on hindwing; fringe on both wings rufous brown, becoming red in hindwing tornus.

Head: Labial palpi brown dorsally, gray and brown speckled ventrally; second segment with long, dense, ventrally directed scales; third segment short, pointed slightly downwards; eyes brown and densely setose, surrounded by pale gray scaling; frons with long, dense, dark gray and white setae; antennae 50–60% length of forewing, segments brown with darker sclerotization around tip and white scaling at base, white scaling more widespread ventrally on segments immediately before clubs, clubs broad and black with orange tips.

Body: Thorax dull blue gray dorsally and grayish ventrally; tegula dull blue gray; all legs grayish; abdomen predominantly iridescent blue dorsally, and entirely brown ventrally.

Genitalia ( Figs. 3 F,G,H): Uncus rectangular with a broad medial indentation dorsally; gnathos smoothly rounded at elbow, constricted in diameter before tip; tegumen enlarged into a broadly rounded posterio­ventral projection twice width of lower portion of vinculum, small saccus is rectangular in ventral view and extends at approximately 90° from vinculum; heavily sclerotized valvae have a prominent lateral flange at base and in lateral view have a smoothly convex posterio­ventral margin ending in a slightly projecting, rounded tip, with a prominent “brow” above it, valvae slightly concave dorsally and joined at anterio­dorsal margin by a very narrow area of membranous tissue; aedeagus long and approximately uniformly narrow throughout, with a slightly upturned posterior portion and a blunt angular tip, ductus ejaculatorius exits anterior region of aedeagus from a very elongate dorsal area immediately before rounded anterior aedeagal tip (caecum), two cornuti present very similar in size, shape and position to those of P. juliae ; dorsal posterior tip of eighth abdominal tergite produced into a short (approximately 20% of total tergite length), narrow, downwardly curved, slightly bulbous­tipped, posterior projection.

Female: Unknown.

Type material.— Holotype ɗ, ECUADOR: Zamora­Chinchipe, Río San Francisco, Zamora­Loja rd., 3°58.7’S, 79°05.1’W, 1900 m, 7 Oct (R. C. Busby) ( USNM).

Etymology. — This species is named for the third author’s (RCB) wife, Andrea Martinson, on whose birthday the unique holotype was collected.

Diagnosis.— Penaincisalia andreae appears to be the sister species to P. juliae , based on the fact that both species share a uniquely modified eighth male abdominal tergite (see the species account of P. juliae ), but it is otherwise much more similar to P. libertada . It is distinguished externally from that species only by its larger size, and by having unicolorous dorsal blue iridescence, and, at least in the specimens available, more prominent basal and postdiscal bands of diffuse gray scaling. Its male genitalia are quite distinct though, differing from those of P. libertada by having a smoothly curving instead of angular upper vinculum, an upturned tip to the aedeagus, and valvae with an entirely convex, instead of “S”­shaped, ventral margin, which ends in only a very small and rounded, instead of elongate and angular, posteriorly projecting tip, with a prominent “brow” above it.

Biology.— This species is known only from the cloud forest type locality at 1900 m. The holotype was attracted to a rotting fish baited trap placed about 7 m above the ground on a wide, forested hillside trail.

Distribution.— Penaincisalia andreae is currently known only from the Zamora valley in southeastern Ecuador (Zamora­Chinchipe) (see Fig. 5 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Penaincisalia adults (dorsal surface on left, ventral surface on right) at x 1.6 life­size. A, paratype ɗ P. caeruleanota, Cerro Palma, S. Ecuador (JHKW). B, paratype Ψ P. caeruleanota, km. 11 Yangana­Cerro Toledo rd., S. Ecuador (RCB). C, paratype ɗ P. juliae, km. 34 Jimbura­San Andrés rd., S. Ecuador (JHKW). D, paratype Ψ P. juliae, La Playa, Huicungo, P. N. Río Abiseo, N. Peru (MUSM). E, holotype ɗ P. andreae, Río San Francisco, Zamora­Loja rd., S. Ecuador (USNM). F, holotype ɗ P. libertada, Cumpang, between Tayabamba and Ongón, N. Peru (MUSM). G, holotype ɗ P. i s m a e l i, km. 10 Loja­Zamora rd., S. Ecuador (USNM).

FIGURE 2. Male Penaincisalia dorsal forewing scent pads. A, P. caeruleanota. B, P. juliae. C, P. andreae. D, P. libertada. E, F (higher magnification view of E), P. is ma eli.

FIGURE 3. Penaincisalia male genitalia in lateral (A, C, F, I) and ventral (B, D, G, J) views, with lateral view of eighth tergite in E and H; all genitalia are figured at approximately the same scale, with the width of each boxed figure 3.4 mm. A, B, P. caeruleanota. C, D, E, P. juliae. F, G, H, P. andreae. I, J, P. libertada.

FIGURE 5. Topographic maps of the northern Andes, illustrating the known geographic ranges of the five new Penaincisalia species.