Shilovia rara Makarchenko, 1989

Makarchenko, Eugenyi A., Semenchenko, Alexander A. & Palatov, Dmitry M., 2020, Review of the genus Shilovia Makarchenko (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae Boreoheptagyiini) from the mountains of Central Asia, with morphological description and DNA barcoding of known species, Zootaxa 4895 (2), pp. 196-210 : 199-202

Shilovia rara Makarchenko

( Figs. 1–9 , 21, 24–25 )

Shilovia rara Makarchenko, 1989: 140 ; Saether et al. 2000: 134, Ashe & O’Connor 2009: 106.

Material examined. 1 adult male (holotype), TAJIKISTAN: Varzod District , Gissar Ridge spurs, Varzob River near Kondara Gorge, 1100 m above sea level, 25.III.1987, N 38°48.677’, E 68°49.375’, leg. L. Zhiltsova ; 2 adult males, KYRGYZSTAN: Tien Shan Mountains , Jalal-Abad Region , Chatkal District , Itelgi River , about 20 km above the mouth on the Chatkal River, under a serpentine road to the Chap-Chyma Pass, altitude 2401 m above sea level, 8.VI.2016, N 41°32.822’, E 70°46.459’, leg. D. Palatov.

Description

Adult male (n = 3, except when otherwise stated). Total length 1.5–2.5 mm. Total length/wing length 0.94– 1.11.

Coloration. Brown to dark-brown. Mesonotum brown to brownish yellow, as shown in Fig. 4 . Legs spotted: basal 1/3 or half of femur and tibia yellow, distal 2/3 or 1/2 brown; ta 1 –ta 5 brown ( Fig. 2 ). Wings grayish to grey. Abdomen dark brown.

Head. Eyes bare. Temporal setae 37–51, including frontals, verticals, postorbitals which can not be easy separated ( Fig. 1 ). Clypeus with 4–9 setae. Palpomere length (μm): 28–36, 48–52, 68–79, 84–96, 116–148. Head width/ palp length 0.98–1.02. Antenna with 5 flagellomeres and reduced plume of setae ( Fig. 6 ); number and length of these setae on 1–4 flagellomeres respectively: 7–10 (44–64 μm), 4–6 (20–72 μm), 4–6 (24–64 μm), 4 (24–68 μm); terminal flagellomere with 2–4 setae, 28–40 μm in subapical and apical area. Flagellomeres 1–5 length (μm): 60, 28–36, 24–30, 24–32, 60–68; AR 0.41–0.44. Antennal length/palp length 0.52–0.63.

Thorax.Antepronotum with 10–12 ventrolateral setae, 44–68 μm long.Acrostichals 19–30, 10–16 μm long, start from anteropronotum, in 1–2 rows. Dorsocentrals 20–22, 16–24 μm long, in 2–3 rows in anterior 1/3, in posterior 2/ 3 in 1 row and they are not converge with acrostichal setae; prealars 22–30, 40–56 μm long, in 2–3 rows; supraalars 4–6, 32–40 μm long ( Fig. 4 ). Scutellum with 23–53 setae, 64–80 μm long. Postnotum without setae. Preepisternum with 5–15 setae, 32–40 μm long. MAII with 2–5 setae, 30–34 μm long.

Wing. Length 1.6–2.1 mm, width 0.56–0.60 mm. Costal extension 20–40 µm long. Anal lobe slightly reduced, rounded angular. Squama with 7–8 setae. R and R 1 with 27–38 setae, R 4+5 with 8–18 setae, R 2+3 absent, Cu with 6–23 setae ( Fig. 3 ). RM/MCu 2.0–2.2.

Legs. BR 1 0.9–1.3, BR 2 1.0–1.3, BR 3 1.0–1.1. Spur of front tibia 28–44 µm long. Spurs of mid tibia 32–44 µm and 32–40 µm long. Spurs of hind tibia 52–63 µm and 40–50 µm long. Hind tibial comb with 6–9 setae. Fore legs with 1–2 pseudospurs, 26–28 µm long on ta 1; middle legs with 2 pseudospurs, 28 µm long on ta 1; hind legs with 2 pseudospurs, 36–40 µm long on ta 1. Length (μm) and proportions of leg segments are as in Table 1.

Hypopygium ( Figs. 5, 7–9 , 21, 24–25 ). Tergite IX with 80–84 setae, 20–32 µm long; posterior edge concave. Laterosternite IX with 3–5 short setae. Sternapodeme long and narrow, 80–82 µm long and 44–48 µm wide in basal part, 26–28 µm wide in subapical part ( Fig. 5 ). Aedeagal lobe weakly sclerotized, apical part hooked ( Fig. 25 ), 100– 118 µm long. Gonocoxite 340–368 µm long, with 44–56 µm long apical projection (“heel”) which densely covered with thin setae, 28–40 µm long, and “heel” posterior to gonostylus 0.35–0.44 times as long asgonostylus ( Figs. 8–9 ); inferior volsella in form of tubercle, densely covered with macrotrichiae and setae, 16–24 µm long; basal lobe of gonocoxite as in Fig.24 . Gonostylus slightly curved in distal 1/4, 124– 128 µm long, in distal half covered with setae, 8–12 µm long, on the outer edge with a rounded extension, apically with a tooth and short megaseta ( Figs. 7–9 , 21 ); gonostylus length/gonostylus width 3.1–3.2. HR 2.70–2.72.

Ecology. Adults were collected from stones and bowlders in mountain rivers, located at an altitude of 1100– 2401 m, at a flow rate of 0.3–0.6 m /s, with water temperature ca 12°C

Distribution. Known from the mountains of Tajikistan (Gissar Range) and Kyrgyzstan (Chatkal District, Tien Shan Mountains) ( Figs. 28–29 ).

Figures

FIGURES 1–9. Shilovia rara Makarchenko, male. 1, head; 2, legs; 3, basal part of wing; 4, antepronotum and mesonotum, dorsal view; 5, sternapodeme and inferior volsella; 6, antenna; 7, distal part of gonostylus; 8–9, hypopygium in dorsal view. 1–2, 7, 9, male from Kyrgyzstan; 3–6, 8, male from Tajikistan (holotype). P1– fore leg, P2 – mid leg, P3 – hind leg.

FIGURES 21–27. Shilovia rara Makarchenko (21, 24–25), S. xinhuawangi sp. nov. (22, 27) and S. yakovlevi sp. nov. (23, 26), males. 21–23, gonostylus; 24, inferior volsella and basal lobe of gonocoxite; 25–27, sternapodeme, phallapodeme and aedeagal lobe. Scale bars: 50 µm.

FIGURES 28–31. Type localities of Shilovia rara Makarchenko (28–29), S. xinhuawangi sp. nov. (30), and S. yakovlevi sp. nov. (31). 28, Varzob River near Kondara Gorge, Varzod District, Tajikistan (photo by M.V. Vinarski); 29, Itelgi River, Chatkal District, Kyrgyzstan, (photo by E.S. Chertoprud); 30, Daong River, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China (photo by M.V. Vinarski); 31, Zhemenei River, East Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan (photo by M.V. Vinarski).