Brachysomus (Hippomias) kubanensis Reitter, 1888

Yunakov, Nikolai, 2022, A review of the genus Brachysomus Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), Zootaxa 5193 (1), pp. 1-165 : 73-74

Brachysomus (Hippomias) kubanensis Reitter, 1888

Figs. 3 , 48 , 228 , 229B

Brachysomus kubanensis Reitter, 1888: 236 . Type locality: ‘Circassia’; Formánek, 1905: 177; Dalla Torre et al., 1937: 174; Košťál, 1992: 46.

Redescription. Measurements: Body length 1.85–2.95 mm, width 1.10–1.75 mm. Vestiture: Body densely covered with small, lanceolate, grey scales; elytra also with dark-brown scales forming oblique bands beyond middle; bands distinct or unclear. Elytral interstriae and antennal scape with suberect, light, slightly widened, apically rounded, and short setae. Setae at apical declivity of elytra well visible, their length equal or less than width of interstriae. Head and pronotum without erect or suberect setae, covered with recumbent scales only. Funicular antennomeres with smooth, thin, pale hairs. Colouration: Body brown, legs and antennae pale-brown.

Head: Rostrum strongly elongate, conical (RL/RW = 1.18–1.34). Pterygia distinctly projecting from outline of rostrum. Epifrons parallel-sided, with moderate median longitudinal sulcus, separated from vertex by moderate transverse depression, or without it; epistome glabrous, slightly depressed. Eyes large, strongly convex, ELD 2.0– 2.6x shorter than RL. Antennae: Scape long, evenly curved and widened distally, reaching anterior margin of pronotum or extended beyond it; at apex 2.3–2.6x wider than at base; funicular antennomere: 1st and 2nd elongate, 1.6x as long as wide. 1st noticeably wider than 2nd, 3rd–7th weakly transverse. Club broad, spindle-shaped.

Thorax: Pronotum transverse (PL/PW = 0.73–0.83), evenly convex at sides, widest at middle or posteriad of mid length moderately constricted near anterior and posterior margins. Disc with distinct oblique depressions. Pronotum with sinuous microgranulate relief. Elytra: oval, in female very large and swollen; EL/EW in males = 1.21–1.55, in females = 1.17–1.28. Legs: Hind tibiae distinctly widened distally, in male interior side straight, bladeshaped sharpened, strongly mucronate. Tarsi broad, 3rd tarsomere with large lobes, 5th fore tarsomere extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by 0.60 length of the lobes.

Abdomen: Male 5th ventrite with strong depression, its anterior margin distinctly sinuate. Male genitalia: median lobe 2.4x shorter than apodemes, with heavily sclerotized lateral walls, ventral wall partly membranous. Ventral membranes moderately elongate, gently sclerotized, endophallus with n-shaped sclerite, or it divided into two parts. Endophallus ( Fig. 229B ). Spermatheca with swollen cornu, ramus weakly shorter than collum.

Diagnosis. Brachysomus kubanensis is closely related to B. kovali , differing by the straight interiorly sharpened hind tibiae in male, strongly depressed and sinuate male 5th ventrite, less convex eyes, elongate rostrum (RL/RW = 1.18–1.34, in B. kovali —1.09–1.20), suberect or almost recumbent setae at elytra (in B. kovali elytra usually with strongly erect setae) and structure of aedeagus.

Distribution. North-Western and Western Caucasus from foothills near Novorossiysk to Sukhumi. The record from Svanetia ( Košťál, 1992) is not confirmed.

Bionomics. This species inhabits leaf litter in submontane and mountain forests up to tree line at elevations from 600–2000 m a.s.l.

Type material. Lectotype ♂ (HNHM) ‘Circassien, Leder’. Paralectotype (HNHM) labeled as lectotype.

Additional material examined. GEORGIA: Abkhazia: 10♂, 18♀, left tributary of Khashupse River, 7.vi.1991 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 3♂, Gagra Mountain Range, valley of Mamdzyshkha River, 1600–1800 m, 3–24.vi.1984 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 4♂, 4♀, Gagra Mountain Range AB-02, Mamdzyshkha Mt. SE slope, 1689 m, deciduous forest, treeline zone N43°18′19.2″ E40°19′37.4″, 10.vii.2009 N. Yunakov leg. (ZIN); 3♂, 4♀, Gagra MtR, AB-12, Mamdzyshkha Mt., 1617 m, forest: Fagus , Abies , Acer pseudoplatanus N43°18′24.4″ E40°19′28.1″, 13.vii.2009 N. Yunakov leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 1♀, nr Gagra, AB-14, 200 m, forest: Carpinus , Ficus carica , N43°17′37.5″ E40°16′25.4″, 15.vii.2009 N.Yunakov leg. (ZIN); 1♂, Myussera Reserve,AB-23, left board nr mouth of Riapshi River, 40 m, forest: Castanea , Fagus , in leaf litter under Rhododendron ponticum , N43°10′04.1″ E40°25′27.1″, 19.vii.2009 N. Yunakov leg. (ZUMN); 3♂, 6♀, Myussersky Reserve, AB-21-1, left board nr mouth of Riapshi River, 113 m, Quercus iberica forest, in leaf litter under Rhododendron luteum N43° 09′ 53.7″ E40° 25′ 37.2″, 17.vii.2009 N. Yunakov leg. (ZUMN); 2♂, ‘Bsyb, Abchasien, Rost leg.’; 1♀, valley of Aapsta River, 15.vi.1985 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 1♀, Bzybskyi Mountain Range, Napra Mt. above Otkhara, upper line of forest zone, 1900 m, 17.vi.2003 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN). RUSSIA: Adygea Republic: 4♂, 2♀, ‘NW Caucasus, Adygeya rep., Skalistyj Mountain Range, 14.vii.1998 Kopecky & Švarc leg.’ (KJc); Krasnodar Kray: 4♂, 6♀, Verkhnebakanskiy, 8–10.VI.1990 V. Gusarov leg. (ZIN); Ubinskaya: 3♂, 3♀, 5.iv.1951 K.V. Arnoldi leg. (ZIN); 1♀, 6.v.1975 N. Nikitsky leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 2♀, 4–26.vi.1976 Belov leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 8.vi.1973 B.A. Korotyaev leg. (ZIN); 3♂, 5♀, 27.v.1992 V. Yu. Savitsky leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 6.v.1995 A. Yu. Solodovnikov leg. (ZIN); 2♀, valley of Ubinka River, Dubrava Resort, 24.v.1990 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN); 1♂, Saratovskaya, 5.v.1996 V.Yu. Savitsky leg. (ZIN); 2♂, Kholmskiy, 7.v.1996 A.Yu. Solodovnikov leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 4♀, Betta, 18 and 20.v.1996 A. Yu. Solodovnikov leg. (ZIN); 2♀, 18 km E of Geledzhik, 15.IX.1992 A.Yu. Solodovnikov leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 1♀,10 km NW of Dzhubga, Inal Bay, 23.v.1985 and 11–12.v.1988 B.A. Korotyaev leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 20 km NE of Tuapse, Semashkho Mt., 800 m, 4.vi.1992 V. Yu. Savitsky leg. (ZIN); 10♂, 7♀, near Fanagoreyskaya, valley of Psekups River, Fagus forest, 4.vi.1991 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 4♀, near Kaluzhskaya, 10–20.vi.1992 A.Yu. Solodovnikov leg. (ZIN); Kaluzhskaya: 1♂, 2♀, 15.vi.1978 and 22.iv.1980 B.A. Korotyaev leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 7.v.1992 A.Yu. Solodovnikov leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 29.v.1992 V. Schurov leg. (ZIN); Goryachyi Klyuch: 2♂, 3♀, 5.v.1973 and 23.iv.1976 B.A. Korotyaev leg. (ZIN); 43♂, 48♀, idem, 15.IV–9.vii.1999 V.G. Knysh leg. (ZIN); Sochi, near Lazarevskoye: 2♂, 2♀, 15.iii–9.vi.1987 Yu.V. Zayats leg. (ZIN); 6♂, 3♀, 20.viii.1985 and 7.V–8.viii.1994 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 3.VI–12.vii.1987 I.A. Belousov leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 1♀, canyon of Psezuapse River, 300 m, 19.vii.1984 V.N. Prasolov leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 1♀, valley of Tsuskvadzh River, 10.v.1995 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 2♀, Zvezda Mountain Range, watershed of Psezuapse River and Shakhe River, 12.v.1993 and 11.v.1995 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 2♀, source of Psezuapse River, Mt. Autl, 13–14.v.1995 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN); 1♂, Soloniki, 13 V–18.vii.1994 I.A. Belousov leg. (ZIN); 3♂, 5♀, Veseloye, 2.vii.1986 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 3♂, 1♀, Vorontsovka, 27 V–24.vii.1993 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 3♂, Mt. Akhun, 400 m, 22.iv–26.viii.1992 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 1♀, watershed of Psakho River and Kudepsta River, 300–500 m, 17–18.v.1996 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 4♀, source of Psakho River, peak 1062 m, 21.v.1996 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 3♀, Ashe River, above Kalezh, 22.vi.1997 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN); 9♂, 5♀, Kalezh, 26 v–16.vi.1984 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 6♂, 6♀, Zubova Shel: 26.VII–6.viii.1984 and 7 VI–16.vii.1985 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 2 ♂, 5 km SE of Olginka, 10.VI–31.viii.1993 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 1♂, Matsesta, 6.v.1984 O.G. Guseva leg. (ZIN); 2♂, Adler, 14.vi.1999 M. Mandelstam leg. (ZIN); 1♂, 1♀, near Adler, Mzymta River bank, 500 m, 29–31.v.1985, R. Borovec leg. (FJc); 1♂, Achishkho Mountain Range, subalpine zone, 21.viii.1987, I. A. Belousov leg. (ZIN); Aibga Mountain Range: 2♂, 500 m, 29.iv–11.ix.1992 A.G. Koval leg. (ZIN); 2♂, 4♀, subalpine zone, 1600–2400 m, 12.vi.1997 G.E. Davidian leg. (ZIN).

9. New combinations

The following species are excluded from the genus Brachysomus :

Figures

FIGURE 228. Brachysomus kubanensis: A: aedeagus; B: tegmen; C: spermatheca; D: body; E: hind tibia of male.

FIGURE 229. Endophallus. A: Brachysomus kovali; B: Brachysomus ellipticus.

FIGURES 1–11. Brachysomus. General morphology of the head. 1: B. echinatus, head dorsal view. 2: B. echinatus, head ventral view. 3: B. kubanensis, head ventral view (labium ablated). 4: B. echinatus, head lateral view. 5: B. echinatus, labium: pr—prementum, pm—postmentum. 6, B. echinatus, left mandible, anterior surface 7: B. echinatus, left mandible, posterior surface 8: subgenal angle. 9: B. mihoki, head dorsal view. 10: B. echinatus, left mandible with deciduous process, anterior surface. 10A: B. echinatus, right maxilla anterior surface. 11: B. echinatus, tentorium dorsal view. Abbreviations: af—antennal fossa, bc—buccal cavity, cd—cardo, cly—clypeus, cs—cervical suture, e—eye, ef—epifrons, eld—eye longitudinal diameter, ep—epistome, ga—galea, gat—galeal teeth, gs—gular suture, hls—hypostomal labial suture, hs—hypostoma, la—lacinia, lat—lacinial teeth, mpm1-3—maxillary palpomere 1–3, oco—occipital opening, pac—paracoila (maxillary fossa), paep— paraepistome, pg—palpiger, pm—postmentum, poep—postepistome, poc—postcoila, prc—precoila, ptp—posterior tentorial pits, ptr—prerygium, rl—rostral length, rw—rostrum width, st—stipes. vw—vertex width, php—pharyngeal process, te1— tendon of musculus abductor mandibulae, te2—tendon of musculus adductor mandibulae, tem—temple.

FIGURES 43–50. Brachysomus, dorsal habitus: 43: B. transsylvanicus. 44: B. carpathicus female. 45: B. laticollis. 46: B. carpathicus male. 47: B. ellipticus. 48: B. kubanensis. 49: B. verae. 50: B. kovali.