Rubeospineus, WEIRAUCH, 2006

WEIRAUCH, CHRISTIAN E., 2006, New Genera and Species of Oak-Associated Phylini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) from Western North America, American Museum Novitates 3521 (1), pp. 1-56 : 45-51

Rubeospineus , new genus

Figures 2 , 5 , 6–11 , 13

TYPE SPECIES: Rubeospineus truncatus , new species.

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the small to moderate size (male total length: 2.30–3.34), pale orange and whitish coloration with anterior portion of the cuneus transparent, relatively short and stout J-shaped vesica (figs. 5, 10) with a field of small spicules dorsally on the left side of the vesical body, and a reticulate cuticular pattern on the relatively slender phallotheca (figs. 5, 9I). Similar in external features and coloration to Crassomiris , Phallospinophylus , Pygovepres , Quercophylus , and Rubellomiris . Distinguished from all of them by the structure of the male vesica. The somewhat similar vesica in Crassomiris with larger and more slitlike secondary gonopore, without spicules on the vesical body, and with the phallotheca shorter and stouter. Distinguished from Phallospinophylus and Pygovepres by lacking a patch of stout setae or a spiniferous process anterior to the genital opening on the left side of the pygophore.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Macropterous, size small to moderate (2.30–3.34), moderately elongate ovate. COLORATION (fig. 2): General coloration pale orange and whitish to pale reddish brown or yellowish. Head: Head whitish and orange or yellow to pale red, with five pale orange or brown paired transverse fasciae on vertex, clypeus often with brown paired lateral longitudinal stripes, mandibular and maxillary plates whitish or orange, buccula whitish; antennal segments 1 to 4 yellowish, sometimes with faint dark ring basally or/and subapically on segment 1; labial segments 1 to 3 yellowish, segment 4 suffused with brown. Thorax: Pronotum whitish, calli with transverse, laterally recurving pale orange band, posterior pronotal lobe often with large, paired, pale orange marks, mesoscutum pale orange with lateral margins whitish, scutellum pale orange proximally, distal and lateral portion whitish; pleura pale orange to brownish, with the margins of the pro- and mesocoxal cavities, the dorsal margin of the propleuron, and dorsal and posterior margin of mesopleuron lighter or whitish, evaporatorium often brownish. Legs: Whitish, base of fore coxa and to lesser degree of middle and hind coxa suffused with pale brown, femur distally with dark spots on anterior and posterior face, tibial spines with dark bases. Hemelytra: Corium including clavus and cuneus pale orange, corium proximally, often also on anterior rim, and area between vein R+M and medial fracture, small spot at posterior margin distal to apex of clavus whitish, cuneus with proximal crescent-shaped area whitish transparent, membrane translucent and slightly smoky. Abdomen: Venter yellowish white and orange with large areas suffused with pale brown. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum and hemelytra weakly shining, covered rather densely with two types of long, slender, subadpressed setae, two types only differing slightly in their diameter (fig. 8F: black vs. white asterisks designate sockets of setal types). STRUCTURE: Head (fig. 5): Subtriangular in dorsal aspect, vertex wide, slightly convex and very weakly concave behind, clypeus slightly produced, mandibular plate not produced, maxillary plate sunken, buccal cavity large and ovoid, gula broad; eyes almost as high as head, only weakly emarginate posterior of antennal fossa, posterolateral margins contiguous with anterolateral margins of pronotum; antennal insertion contiguous with anterior margin of eye; antennal segment 1 short, segment 2 long, diameter similar to segment 1, very slightly increasing toward apex, segments 3 and 4 with diameter smaller than segments 1 and 2; apex of labium surpassing base of hind coxa. Thorax: Pronotum trapeziform, anterior margin slightly sinuate, lateral margins slightly convex, posterior margin slightly concave, anterior and posterior pronotal lobes weakly demarcated, calli weakly developed; metapleural evaporatorium as in fig. 6F. Legs: Slender, claws weakly curved, claw hairs present, parempodia setiform, pulvilli covering a little less than half of ventral claw surface (fig. 7F). Hemelytra: Subparallel, cuneus elongate triangular. Abdomen: Reaching to about apex of cuneus, pregenitalic abdomen to about costal fracture. GENITALIA (figs. 5, 9I, 10): Pygophore: Relatively large and broad, without ornamentation. Parameres: Right and left parameres typically phyline, right paramere with a pointed tip, left paramere with anterior process slightly shorter than posterior process and rather stout, body with setae on distinct tubercles and microchetae interspersed between setae (figs. 5, 9I). Phallotheca: Typically phyline, with apex moderately long and slender, cuticle of posterior side showing faint longitudinal ridges, anterior side a reticulate pattern (fig. 9I), ventrally with slitlike opening; Vesica: Relatively stout, J-shaped or slightly S-shaped, with a field of small spicules dorsally on left side of vesical body (fig. 10), secondary gonopore in subapical position, elongate opening of moderate size, facing left and fringed with a membranous lobe, gonopore sclerite present, slender, straight and elongate, vesical apex comprising either only a simple well-sclerotized spinous process or an additional proximal spine (fig. 5).

FEMALE (fig. 2): Coloration as in male or slightly paler, shape and size similar to male, or slightly larger and stouter, antennal segment 2 more slender, increase in diameter toward apex more pronounced than in male. GENITALIA: See description of type species, R. truncatus .

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the orange-red general coloration from Latin verb rubere meaning ‘‘to be red, to blush’’, and the diagnostic field of spicules on the left side of the body of the vesica, after the Latin adjective spineus, meaning ‘‘of thorns’’, ‘‘thorny’’. The gender of the name is masculine.

DISCUSSION: A field of small spicules dorsally on the left side of the vesical body, one of the diagnostic features of Rubeospineus , to my knowledge, has not been described elsewhere among North American Phylini . This feature appears to represent an apomorphic character of this taxon.

KEY TO SPECIES OF RUBEOSPINEUS

1. Posterior pronotal lobe largely whitish (fig. 2), vesica with a more proximal spine in addition to the apical blade (fig. 5)............................ bicorniger , n.sp.

— Posterior pronotal lobe with large paramedian orange areas (fig. 2), vesica with only one apical blade (fig. 5) .......................... 2

2. Apical vesical blade truncate in caudal view, vesica J-shaped (fig. 5) ................ ....................................... truncatus , n.sp.

— Apical vesical blade acute in caudal view, vesica slightly S-shaped (fig. 5) ................ ........................................... yosemite , n.sp.

Rubeospineus bicorniger , new species

Figures 1 , 8–12 , 13

HOLOTYPE: Male: USA: California: Santa Barbara Co. : Upper Oso Campground off Rt 154, 34.55583 ° N 119.75389 ° W, 305 m, 7 May 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00060482) ( AMNH).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the slightly Sshaped vesica, with small exterior spine in addition to the long acute interior blade (fig. 5). Distinguished from R. truncatus and R. yosemite also by the more contrasting reddish-orange and whitish color pattern, with the posterior pronotal lobe usually largely whitish.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately elongate ovate; total length 2.30–3.17, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 1.35–2.26, width across pronotum 0.94–0.97. COLOR- ATION (fig. 2): General coloration pale reddish brown to pale orange. Head: Head pale yellowish or pale red, vertex often with five brown paired transverse fasciae and one additional brown mark at anterior rim of eye, clypeus often with lateral longitudinal stripes and apex brown, mandibular plate and buccula whitish; antennal segments 1 to 4 pale yellowish brown with base of first segment suffused with brown; labial segments as in generic description. Thorax: Pronotum whitish, with area of callus with transverse laterally recurving pale orange band, posterior pronotal lobe whitish with only faint paired paramedian pale orange marks, mesoscutum and scutellum as in generic description; pleura including evaporatory area largely dirty orange or suffused brownish, with margins of cavities of the pro- and mesocoxa, as well as dorsal margin of propleuron, and dorsal and posterior margins of mesopleuron somewhat lighter. Legs: As in generic description with tibia proximally pale. Hemelytra: As in generic description, with corium including clavus pale orange, reddish or pale brown with area between vein R+M and medial fracture often transparent, and with area between medial fracture and claval suture often whitish proximally. Abdomen: As in generic description. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in generic description. STRUCTURE: Head: Head including eyes, antennae, and labium as in generic description. Thorax: Thorax including legs and hemelytra as in generic description. Abdomen: As in generic description. GENITALIA: Pygophore, Parameres, and Phallotheca (fig. 5): As in generic description. Vesica: As in generic description, with small sclerotized exterior blade in addition to long interior blade also present in R. truncatus and R. yosemite .

FEMALE: As in generic description, shape and size similar to male, coloration as in male. Total length 2.66–3.20, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 1.79–2.26, width across pronotum 0.84–1.07.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the two apical blades of the male vesica, from the Latin adjective bicorniger (masc.), meaning ‘‘with two horns’’.

HOSTS: Recorded mainly from Quercus agrifolia Née and Q. chrysolepis Liebm. (Fagaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION: Occurs in Baja California Norte , Mexico, and in California in the United States. In California, the distribution ranges from the central Sierra Nevada in Alpine and Tuolumne Counties to the Cleveland National Forest in San Diego Co., but extends also along the coast into the Los Padres National Forest in Ventura County (fig. 13) .

DISCUSSION: Among the three species of Rubeospineus , R. bicorniger shows the most southern distribution, with the majority of records from the mountain ranges in San Diego and Riverside counties. Rubeospineus truncatus is largely confined to the Coast Range north of San Luis Obispo County, with its northern limit extending to Oregon. Both species, however, have two records from the foothills of either the southern or central Sierra Nevada , which may indicate that the two species are not entirely restricted to areas adjacent to the coast. The third species, R. yosemite , is only known from Yosemite National Park.

It is interesting that the two species of Rubeospineus for which host records are available, R. bicorniger and R. truncatus , use the same species of oaks as hosts, Quercus agrifolia and Q. chrysolepis . However, in the northern parts of its distribution, R. truncatus was also collected on Lithocarpus densiflorus (Fagaceae) (fig. 13).

See discussions of Phallospinophylus setosus and Pygovepres vaccinicola n. comb. for comment on sympatrical occurrence of R. bicorniger with these species. Rubeospineus bicorniger is also sympatric with Q. gonoporospinus in the ‘‘Green River Camp’’ area of Orange County.

PARATYPES: USA: California: Los Angeles Co.: Tanbark Flat, 33.69111 ° N 116.67056 ° W, 24 Jun 1950, W. C. Bentinck, Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) , 33 (AMNH_PBI 00079552-AMNH_PBI 00079554), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079555) (UCB). Riverside Co.: 10 mi E of Hemet, San Bernardino National Forest, 33.73813 ° N 116.838 ° W, 581 m, 20 May 2004, Schuh, Cassis, Schwartz, Weirauch, Wyniger, Forero, Quercus agrifolia Nee (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 2004, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00094979), 4♀ (AMNH_PBI 00094981-AMNH_PBI 00094984) (AMNH). Quercus agrifolia Nee (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 2004, 13 (ZISP). 6 mi W of Murrieta, Santa Rosa Plateau Area, 33.55 ° N 117.32074 ° W, 625 m, 1 May 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 13 (AM). Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 13 (AMNH). San Bernardino Co.: Mill Creek, 34.08721 ° N 117.11396 ° W, 1829 m, 4 May 1951, Timberlake, Quercus chrysolepis (Fagaceae) , 43, 6♀ (UCR). San Diego Co.: 2 mi W of Warner Springs, 33.04969 ° N 117.04233 ° W, 19 Jun 1978, John D. Pinto, Quercus agrifolia (Fagaceae) , 83, 2♀ (UCR). Santa Barbara Co. : Upper Oso Campground off Rt 154, 34.55583 ° N 119.75389 ° W, 305 m, 7 May 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 93, 1♀ (AMNH). Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 13 (CNC). Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 13 (USNM).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO: Baja California Norte: 5.2 mi E of Tecate, 32.5333 ° N 116.54382 ° W, 28 May 1981, Faulkner and Brown, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00074405, AMNH_PBI 00074406) (SDNH). USA: California: Alpine Co.: Alpine county, Alpine, 38.6 ° N 119.8 ° W, 9 Jul 1929, R. H. Beamer, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00074896, AMNH_PBI 00074897) (KU). 13 (AMNH_PBI 00074898) (KU); 5 Jun 1969, R. D. Goeden and D. W. Ricker, Ambrosia psilostachys (Asteraceae) , 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00082741) (UCB). Los Angeles Co.: Tanbark Flat, 33.69111 ° N 116.67056 ° W, 25 Jun 1952, B. Tinglof, Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) , 53 (AMNH_PBI 00074212-AMNH_PBI 00074216) (LACM); 25 Jun 1952, D. Shepherd, Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00074217) (LACM). Orange Co.: Green River Camp, Lower Santa Ana Canyon , 33.74556 ° N 117.86694 ° W, 9 May 1933, E. P. Van Duzee, 163 (AMNH_PBI 00077495-AMNH_PBI 00077509, AMNH_PBI 00077614), 6♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00077510-AMNH_PBI 00077515) (CAS); 11 May 1933, E. P. Van Duzee, 213 (AMNH_PBI 00077516-AMNH_PBI 00077533, AMNH_PBI 00077616-AMNH_PBI 00077617, AMNH_PBI 00077674), 9♀ (AMNH_PBI 00077534-AMNH_ PBI 00077541, AMNH_PBI 00077675) (CAS). Riverside Co.: 10 mi E of Hemet, San Bernardino National Forest, 33.73813 ° N 116.838 ° W, 581 m, 20 May 2004, Schuh, Cassis, Schwartz, Weirauch, Wyniger, Forero, Quercus agrifolia Nee (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 2004, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00094968, AMNH_PBI 00094969), 9♀ (AMNH_PBI 00094970-AMNH_PBI 00094978) (AMNH). San Jacinto Mountains, 33.75028 ° N 116.66667 ° W, 21 Jul 1929, R. H. Beamer, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00074886), 9♀ (AMNH_PBI 00074887-AMNH_PBI 00074895) (KU). 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00074899) (KU). San Bernardino Co.: 2 mi E Camp Angelus, 38.00221 ° N 120.09931 ° W, 28 Jun 1978, J. D. Pinto, Quercus chrysolepis (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082730) Amorpha californica (Fabaceae) , 23 (AMNH_PBI 00082528, AMNH_PBI 00082529) (UCR). 2 mi E of Camp Angelus, 38.00222 ° N 120.09941 ° W, 28 Jun 1978, J. D. Pinto, Quercus chrysolepis (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082708), 11♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082709-AMNH_PBI 00082717, AMNH_PBI 00082731-AMNH_PBI 00082732) (UCR). Lake Arrowhead, 34.14996 ° N 117.45383 ° W, 13 Jul 1963, E. I. Schlinger, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082526) (UCR). Mill Creek, 34.08721 ° N 117.11396 ° W, 1829 m, 5 May 1951, Timberlake, Quercus chrysolepis (Fagaceae) , 23 (AMNH_PBI 00082540, AMNH_PBI 00082541), 7♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082542-AMNH_ PBI 00082548) (UCR). San Diego Co.: 2 mi W of Warner Springs, 33.04969 ° N 117.04233 ° W, 19 Jun 1978, John D. Pinto, Quercus agrifolia (Fagaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082733) (UCR). 2 miles W Warner Springs, 33.04969 ° N 117.04233 ° W, 19 Jun 1978, J. D. Pinto, Quercus agrifolia (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082527) (UCR). Lake Henshaw Resort, 32.93146 ° N 116.9371 ° W, 25 May 1992, W. F. Chamberlain, Light Trap, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00058096) (TAMU). San Diego County, 32.71528 ° N 117.15639 ° W, 18 Jun 1913, E. P. Van Duzee, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00077494) (CAS). Santa Barbara Co. : Upper Oso Campground off Rt 154, 34.55583 ° N 119.75389 ° W, 305 m, 7 May 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00095271) (AMNH). Ventura Co.: Ojai, 34.44806 ° N 119.24194 ° W, 17 Jun 1965, P. M. Jump, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00074202) (LACM).

Rubeospineus truncatus , new species

Figures 2 , 5 , 6–11 , 13

HOLOTYPE: Male: USA: California: Del Norte Co.: 38 miles NE of Crescent City, 41.99003 ° N 123.72165 ° W, 560 m, 10 Jul 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Lithocarpus densiflorus (Fagaceae) , 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00059972) ( AMNH).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the large, stout, J-shaped vesica with only one apical blade, with its apex truncate in caudal view (fig. 5). Also distinguished from R. yosemite by the longer and stouter apical blade. Further distinguished from R. bicorniger by the more uniformly orange coloration.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately elongate ovate; total length 2.90–3.34, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 2.07–2.37, width across pronotum 0.98–1.19. COLORATION (fig. 2): General coloration pale orange and whitish. Head: Vertex whitish with five pale orange paired transverse fasciae, clypeus whitish with paired lateral longitudinal stripes, mandibular and maxillary plate whitish, buccula whitish; antennal segments 1 to 4 yellowish, often with faint dark rings basally and subapically on segment 1; labium as in generic description. Thorax: Pronotum whitish, calli with transverse laterally recurving pale orange band, posterior pronotal lobe often with large paired pale orange marks, mesoscutum and scutellum as in generic description; pleura pale orange to brownish, with margins of pro- and mesocoxal cavities, dorsal margin of propleuron, and dorsal and posterior margin of mesopleuron whitish, evaporatorium brownish. Legs: As in generic description with tibia proximally often suffused with brown. Hemelytra: As in generic description, with corium including clavus pale orange, anterior rim of corium proximally whitish, area between vein R+M and medial fracture often transparent. Abdomen: As in generic description. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in generic description (fig. 8F). STRUCTURE: Head including eyes, antennae, and labium as well as thorax and abdomen as in generic description; metapleural evaporatorium with peritreme large and area of mushroomlike cuticle as in fig. 6F, mushroomlike cuticle around mesothoracic spiracle weakly developed; legs slen- der, claws slender with pulvilli covering a little less then half of their ventral surface, parempodia setiform (fig. 7F). GENITALIA: Pygophore, Parameres, and Phallotheca: As in generic description (fig. 5, 9I, 10). Vesica: Jshaped, with only one slender apical blade, with apex truncate and slightly widened in caudal view.

FEMALE: As in generic description, somewhat larger and stouter than male, coloration paler than male. Total length 3.08–3.60, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 2.21– 2.43, width across pronotum 1.01–1.16. GENITALIA: Vestibulum slender and elongate, weakly curved, bursa colupatrix of medium seize, posterior margin with sloping indentation, sclerotized rings of medium size, slender (fig. 11).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the blunt apex of the male vesica, from the Latin adjective truncatus (masc.), meaning ‘‘cut off at the tip’’.

HOSTS: Collected mainly on Quercus agrifolia Née , Q. chrysolepis Liebm. , and Lithocarpus densiflora (Hook & Arn.) (Fagaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION: Recorded from the Coast Range in California and Oregon, with one record each from Cleveland National Forest (San Diego Co.), the southern foothills of the Sierra Nevada (Kern Co.) , and the foothills of the central Sierra Nevada (Calaveras Co.) (fig. 13).

DISCUSSION: This species seems to be very close to R. yosemite , but can be distinguished by the characters pointed out in the diagnosis.

Refer to discussion for R. bicorniger , n.sp., or comments on distribution and host range relative to the other species in Rubeospineus . Rubeospineus truncatus was found at the same locality as Crassomiris anaticula in Calaveras County, however, during different collecting events, and was collected together with Pygovepres vaccinicola , n. comb.

PARATYPES: USA: California: Alameda Co.: Leona Hts, Oakland , 37.80444 ° N 122.26972 ° W, 12 May 1928, R. L. Usinger, 33 ( AMNH _ PBI 00079537 - AMNH _ PBI 00079539 ) ( UCB) . Del Norte Co. :

38 miles NE of Crescent City, 41.99003 ° N 123.72165 ° W, 560 m, 10 Jul 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Lithocarpus densiflorus (Fagaceae) , 43 (AMNH_PBI 00059969, AMNH_PBI 00059973, AMNH_PBI 00095242-AMNH_PBI 00095243), 10♀ (AMNH_PBI 00059974-AMNH_PBI 00059981, AMNH_PBI 00095244, AMNH_PBI 00095247) (AMNH). Lithocarpus densiflorus (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00059970) (USNM). Kern Co.: E of Caliente on Caliente Creek Rd, 35.31251 ° N 118.5042 ° W, 820 m, 22 May 2004, Schuh, Cassis, Schwartz, Weirauch, Wyniger, Forero, Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 2004, 33 (AMNH_PBI 00094985-AMNH_PBI 00094987), 7♀ (AMNH_PBI 00094988-AMNH_PBI 00094994) (AMNH). Marin Co.: Lagunitas, 38.01139 ° N 122.70111 ° W, 14 Jul 1923, E. H. Nast, 33 (AMNH_ PBI 00077488-AMNH_PBI 00077490) (CAS). San Luis Obispo Co.: California Polytechnic State University Campus, Poly Canyon, 35.30083 ° N 120.65972 ° W, 125 m, 8 May 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00059983), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00059985, AMNH_PBI 00059987) (AMNH). Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00059984), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00059986) (CNC).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA: California: Alameda Co.: Berkeley, 37.87167 ° N 122.27167 ° W, 15 May 1916, E. O. Essig, Quercus agrifolia (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00077485) (CAS); 17 Jun 1962, [collector unknown], 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00079550), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079551) (UCB). Hills back of Oakland, 37.80444 ° N 122.26972 ° W, 7 Jun 1908, E. C. Van Dyke, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00077491), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00077492) (CAS); 3 May 1930, E. Zimmermann, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079549) (UCB); 26 Apr 1930, E. Zimmermann, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079621) (UCB). Piedmont Pines, NE Oakland, 37.82444 ° N 122.23056 ° W, 20 Jun 1962, P. D. Hurd, Light Trap, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079540) (UCB). Sunol, 37.59444 ° N 121.8875 ° W, 20 May 1930, F. E. Blaisdell, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00077486, AMNH_ PBI 00077487) (CAS). Calaveras Co.: Mokelumne Hill, 38.30056 ° N 120.70528 ° W, 18 May 1931, R. L. Usinger, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079542), 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079543-AMNH_PBI 00079547) (UCB); 25 May 1931, R. L. Usinger, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079541) (UCB). Contra Costa Co.: Mount Diabolo, 37.88159 ° N 121.91384 ° W, 27 May 1931, E. P. Van Duzee, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00077612, AMNH_PBI 00077613) (CAS). Mount Diabolo Park, 37.88159 ° N 121.91384 ° W, 10 Jun 1962, W. J. Turner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079548) (UCB). Walnut Creek, 37.90392 ° N 122.05917 ° W, 3 Jun 1928, R. L. Usinger, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00079620, AMNH_PBI 00079622) (UCB). Del Norte Co.: 38 miles NE of Crescent City, 41.99003 ° N 123.72165 ° W, 560 m, 10 Jul 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Lithocarpus densiflorus (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00059971), 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00095246) (AMNH). 5 miles W of Turwer Creek, E of Klamath, 41.51743 ° N 123.94957 ° W, 11 Jul 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Lithocarpus densiflorus (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00059999), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00060000, AMNH_ PBI 00095248) (AMNH). San Diego Co.: just S of Santa Ysabel , 33.10917 ° N 116.67222 ° W, 1060 m, 30 Apr 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00095245) (AMNH). San Luis Obispo Co.: Arroyo Grande Creek SW of San Luis Obispo, 35.11644 ° N 120.58609 ° W, 160 m, 8 May 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Quercus lobata Nee (Fagaceae) , 23 (AMNH_PBI 00059995, AMNH_PBI 00059996), 2♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00059997, AMNH_PBI 00059998) (AMNH). California Polytechnic State University Campus, Poly Canyon, 35.30083 ° N 120.65972 ° W, 125 m, 8 May 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00059988-AMNH_PBI 00059990) (AMNH). E of Arroyo Grande, Husana Valley, Stony Creek Campground, 35.20933 ° N 120.25846 ° W, 9 May 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Quercus agrifolia oxyadenia (Fagaceae) , det. K. Nixon 1985, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00059991), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00059992-AMNH_PBI 00059994) (AMNH). Oregon: Josephine Co.: 11 miles E Cave Junction, Grayback Campground, 42.16285 ° N 123.43193 ° W, 9 Aug 1979, G. Stonedahl, Lithocarpus densiflorus (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00059982) (AMNH).

Rubeospineus yosemite , new species

Figures 2 , 5 , 13

HOLOTYPE: Male: USA: California: Mariposa Co. : Yosemite National Park , 37.85 ° N 119.56667 ° W, 1201 m, 17 Jun 1928, E. O. Essig, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00079624 ) ( UCB).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the slightly Sshaped vesica with only one apical blade, its apex pointed in caudal view (fig. 5). Vesica smaller than in R. truncatus , its apex shorter and more slender. Further distinguished from R. bicorniger by the more uniformly orange coloration.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately elongate ovate; total length 2.98, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 2.10, width across pronotum 0.99. COLORATION (fig. 2): General coloration pale orange and whitish. Head: Vertex whitish with five pale orange paired transverse fasciae and mark on inner margin of eye, clypeus whitish with paired lateral longitudinal stripes and mark at base orange, mandibular plate whitish, maxillary plate and area surrounding antennal base orange, buccula whitish; antennal segments 1 to 4 yellowish, with faint dark subapical ring on segment 1; labial segments 1 and 2 yellowish, 3 and 4 hidden. Thorax: Pronotum whitish, with area of callus with faint orange transverse band, duplicature with large submedian pale orange marks, mesoscutum and scutellum as in generic description; pleura largely pale orange, with margins of cavities of pro- and mesocoxa, dorsal margin of propleuron, and dorsal and posterior margins of mesopleuron whitish, evaporatorium hidden. Legs: Whitish, base of forecoxa and to a lesser degree of middle and hind coxa suffused with pale brown, femur distally with dark spots on anterior and posterior face, tibia proximally pale. Hemelytra: As in generic description, with corium including clavus pale orange, anterior rim of corium proximally whitish. Abdomen: As in generic description. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in generic description. STRUCTURE: Head: Head including eyes, antennae, and labium as in generic description. Thorax: Thorax including legs and hemelytra as in generic description. Abdomen: As in generic description. GENITALIA (fig. 5): Pygophore, Parameres, and Phallotheca: As in generic description. Vesica: As in generic description, with only one rather short and slender apical blade, apex acute in caudal view, body of vesica slightly Sshaped and of moderate size.

FEMALE: Unknown.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the type locality, Yosemite National Park .

HOSTS: Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION: Only known from Yosemite National Park (fig. 13).

DISCUSSION: Only a single male is known for this species, which in external features appears to be indistinguishable from R. truncatus . Given the very limited intraspecific variability of the vesica in R. truncatus —all vesicae examined are J-shaped, rather stout, with a long and stout apical blade that is truncate in caudal view—the vesical characters described here for R. yosemite justify the treatment of this unique specimen as the representative of a species distinct from R. truncatus .

Figures

Fig. 2. Habitus photographs of Rubellomiris spp. and Rubeospineus spp.

Fig. 5. Head and male genitalic structures of Rubellomiris spp. and Rubeospineus spp.

Fig. 6. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area, scale bar: 200 Mm. A. Crassomiris fatisco. B. Phallospinophylus setosus. C. Pygovepres vaccinicola. D. Quercophylus gonoporospinus. E. Rubellomiris bispinosus. F. Rubeospineus truncatus.

Fig. 7. Pretarsus, scale bar: 50 Mm. A. Crassomiris fatisco. B. Phallospinophylus setosus. C. Pygovepres vaccinicola. D. Quercophylus gonoporospinus. E. Rubellomiris bispinosus. F. Rubeospineus truncatus.

Fig. 8. Detail of setae comprising hemelytral vestiture, scale bar: 50 Mm. A. Crassomiris fatisco. B. Phallospinophylus setosus. C. Pygovepres vaccinicola. D. Quercophylus gonoporospinus. E. Rubellomiris bispinosus. F. Rubeospineus truncatus. Slender and stout setae are indicated by a white or black asterisk, respectively.

Fig. 9. Male genitalic structures, scanning micrographs, scale bar measurements in Mm. A, B. Crassomiris fatisco. A. left: posterior view of the left paramere, right: apex of the posterior process of the left paramere. B. posterolateral view of phallotheca and right paramere from the right side. C–E. Phallospinophylus setosus. C. posterolateral view of pygophore, showing patch of stout setae. D. patch of stout setae on the pygophore. E. phallotheca. F–H. Pygovepres vaccinicola. F. anterolateral view of pygophore, showing spinous process phallotheca and left paramere. G. left: spinous process, right: close up of one of the spines. H. apex of the phallotheca. I. Rubeospineus truncatus, phallotheca and left paramere from the left side.

Fig. 10. Male genitalic structures, scanning micrographs, scale measurements in Mm.

Fig. 11. Female genitalic structures, comprising bursa copulatrix and seminal depository in dorsal view, vestibulum in anterior view, and—if sclerotizations are present—posterior wall.

Fig. 13. Distribution of species of the genera Quercophylus, Rubellomiris, and Rubeospineus.

Fig. 1. Habitus photographs of Crassomiris spp., Phallospinophylus setosus, Pygovepres vaccinicola, and Quercophylus gonoporospinus.

Fig. 12. Distribution of species of the genera Crassomiris, Phallospinophylus, and Pygovepres.