Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) subaeneus ( Castelnau, 1840 )

Montoya-Molina, Santiago & Vaz-De, Fernando Z., 2021, Taxonomic review of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) agenor species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), European Journal of Taxonomy 734, pp. 1-64 : 44-47

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2021.734.1233

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:663A0C2D-E3CF-4B0C-8BA1-566B174829A2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545861

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03850669-FFBB-FFE0-FE01-23643892C881

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) subaeneus ( Castelnau, 1840 )
status

 

Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) subaeneus ( Castelnau, 1840) View in CoL Fig. 15 View Fig , Map 13

Copris subaenea Castelnau, 1840: 79 View in CoL (original description).

Pinotus subaeneus – Luederwaldt 1929: 136. — Blackwelder 1944: 208.

Dichotomius subaeneus View in CoL – Larsen 2011: 92.

Diagnosis

Dichotomius subaeneus is separated from other species in the group by the following combination of characters: copper colour. Sparse or absence of setae on body surface. Cephalic carina narrow, wider than high. Ventral clypeal process greatly emarginate. Pronotum not modified. Elytra striae displaying strong, well-imprinted punctuation separated between them by one time diameter of a puncture on elytral disc. Protibia apical spine bifurcate.

Material examined

Lectotype (♂, here designated) FRENCH GUIANA • ♂; “ SYNTYPE” [white, rounded with blue margin]/ “67·45” [white, p] /“364”

[grey, hw]/ “ subaeneus Dej. Cayenne ” [white, hw] / “ subaeneus Cast. J. Gillet. det. 1912” [white, phw] / “LECTOTYPE” [red with black margin, p]/ “ Copris LECTOT. subaenea Cast. det, F. Vaz-de- Mello, 2011”/ “NHMUK 010847024” [white, p]; BMNH.

Additional material

BRAZIL – Amazonas • 7 ♀♀; 90 km N Manaus; Nov. 1997; E. Andressen leg.; CEMT 2 ♀♀; Res. Florest. Ducke, 26 km E of Manaus, Am. [Amazonas]; 4–12 Mar. 1966; W.D. Edmonds leg.; CEMT 1 ♀; Manáos, Rio Negro, Amaz. [Amazonas]; 17 Dec. 1927; CEMT . – Pará • 1 ♀; Monte Dourado, Reserva do Pacanari ; 180 m a.s.l.; 0º38′ S, 52º34′ W; rainforest, dung pitfall trap; Apr.–May 2005; T.A. Gardner and M.I.M. Hernández leg.; CEMT GoogleMaps 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Monte Dourado, Reserva do Pacanari ; 180 m a.s.l.; 0º38′ S, 52º34′ W; rainforest, dung pitfall trap; Apr.–May 2005; T.A. Gardner and M.I.M. Hernández leg.; BMNH GoogleMaps 1 ♂; Tucuruis, 8.84, Rio Tocantins ; N. Degallier leg.; CEMT .

FRENCH GUIANA – Cayenne • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Nouragues ; 155 m a.s.l.; 4º05′ N, 52º40′ W; Mar. 1997; F. Feer. leg.; CEMT GoogleMaps 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Nouragues Camp. ; 430 m a.s.l.; 4º37′9″ N, 53º24′32″ W; 6 Mar. 2011; Seag leg.; CEMT GoogleMaps 5 ♀♀; Saint Georges de L’ Oyapok ; 35 m a.s.l.; 3º54′ N, 51º48′ W; May 2014; F. Feer. leg.; CEMT GoogleMaps . – Guyane • 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀; Sain Eugène, Barrage de Petit Saut ; 90 m a.s.l.; 4º52′ N, 53º4′ W; Dec. 1998; F. Feer leg.; CEMT GoogleMaps . – Saül • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Guyanne-Mission ; Oct.–Nov. 1969; Balachowsky-Gruner leg.; CEMT 2 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; Saint Laurent du Maroni, Bélvédère de Saül ; 326 m a.s.l.; 3º37′22″ N, 53º12′57″ W; 28 Feb. 2011; Seag leg.; CEMT GoogleMaps 1 ♀; St. Laurent ; Nov. 1991; P. Arnaud leg.; CEMT .

GUIANA • 1 ♂; Oronque and New River Head ; 1938; 1938-346; H. Bedding B.M; BMNH 1 ♀; New River ; Mar.–May 1938; C.A. Hudson leg.; BMNH .

Redescription

Male

MEASUREMENTS. Length: 20.8 mm. Dorsal and ventral surface copper to dark copper, shiny with olive green reflection. Body with setae sparse or absent.

HEAD. Anterior surface rugose extending posteriorly not reaching base of cephalic carina. Cephalic carina narrow, wider than high; anterior surface smooth with scattered punctures. Median tubercle one and half times as high as lateral tubercles which are rounded apically. ( Fig. 15A View Fig ). Ventral clypeal process greatly emarginate ( Fig. 2C View Fig ).

PRONOTUM. Twice as wide as long and as wide as elytra. Anterior disc declivity weak. Pronotal medial disc shiny, with fine well-impressed punctures. Antero-lateral fossae with ocellate punctures. Ocellate punctures along anterior and posterior margins, never on lateral. Hypomeral disc smooth, without punctures; external margin bearing single row of organized long setae visible in dorsal view.

ABDOMEN. Prosternum surface microsculpture shagreened, glabrous.Mesosternum surface microsculpture shagreened with ocellate setigerous punctures, setae short. Metepisternum surface smooth, displaying setigerous punctures. Metasternum antero-medial edge with superficial weak marked punctuation next to apical margins of mesocoxa ( Fig. 15D View Fig ); ocellate punctation restricted mainly to lateral edges, few setigerous punctures near metepisternal suture. Ocellate punctures along anterior margins of each sternite, denser in lateral areas and medially vanished. Pygidium surface displaying well-impressed simple punctures, basal margin with wide ocellate punctures.

ELYTRA. Interstriae smooth, shiny with fine randomly separated punctures. Striae well delimited and distinctly punctate, punctures wider than striae and separated by twice diameter of a puncture on elytral disc.

LEGS. Metacoxa glabrous, fore calcar bifurcate ( Fig. 15C View Fig ).

PARAMERES AND LAMELLA COPULATRIX. As in Fig. 15 View Fig E–F.

Morphological variation

Females ( Fig. 15B View Fig )

As males except for the following characters:

HEAD. Clypeus elongate. Anterior surface completely rugose, interocular surface with well-impressed flat punctures separated by twice diameter of a puncture. Cephalic carina quadri-dentate, triangular in shape. Median tubercles located forward lateral tubercles.

PRONOTUM. Shiny, with fine well-impressed punctures, denser on antero-lateral sides.

ABDOMEN. Prosternum antero-medial edge with vertical rugosity.

LEGS. Profemur distal setae dense.

Remarks

This species is easily distinguished by its copper colour and sparse pilosity. As with D. belus , the protibial calcar spine is bifurcate. Luederwaldt (1929) mentioned the similarity of these two species to D. cuprinus ( Felsche, 1901) and transferred it from the inachus group to the carbonarius group. After a detailed inspection of the lectotype and other specimens, we suggest that this species belongs to the D. agenor species group based on the shape of the cephalic carina.

BMNH

United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]

CEMT

CEMT

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Coleoptera

Family

Scarabaeidae

Genus

Dichotomius

Loc

Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) subaeneus ( Castelnau, 1840 )

Montoya-Molina, Santiago & Vaz-De, Fernando Z. 2021
2021
Loc

Dichotomius subaeneus

Larsen T. H. 2011: 92
2011
Loc

Pinotus subaeneus

Blackwelder R. E. 1944: 208
Luederwaldt H. 1929: 136
1929
Loc

Copris subaenea

Castelnau M. 1840: 79
1840
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