Ammostyphrus cerberus Reichardt, 1924

Lackner, Tomáš, 2010, Review of the Palaearctic genera of Saprininae (Coleoptera: Histeridae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (suppl.) 50, pp. 1-254 : 70-74

Ammostyphrus cerberus Reichardt, 1924

( Figs. 14 , 48 , 82 , 110 , 198–214 )

Ammostyphrus cerberus Reichardt, 1924: 165 .

Ammostyphrus cerberus: REICHARDT (1941) : 337, Fig. 174 ; KRYZHANOVSKIJ & REICHARDT (1976): 241, Fig. 469 ; MAZUR (1984): 103; MAZUR (1997): 266; MAZUR (2004): 90.

Type locality. Kazakhstan, Perovskiy uezd, Chirkeili.

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: spec., ‘Perovskij u. / Peschannaya Pustina / Chirkeili / 23.iv.[19]09 [printed] // Type / Ammostyphrus / cerberus m. / A. Reichardt det. [printed-written] // Holotypus [red label, printed]’ ( ZIN).

Additional material examined. UZBEKISTAN: 1 ♁, 1 spec., Buchara , Kyzylkum, 27.iv.1978, A. Olexa lgt .; 1 spec., ditto, but 30.vi.1976 ; 2 spec., Karakum , Chiva [= Khiva] / 1.–5.v.1979, A. Olexa lgt .; 1 ♁, Buchara , Shafrikan, 29.iv.1979, A. Olexa lgt. ( TLAN) .

Redescription. Body length: PEL: 2.0– 2.25 mm; APW: 0.625–0.75 mm; PPW: 1.5–1.625 mm; EL: 1.45–1.625 mm; EW: 1.375 –1.875 mm.

Body ( Figs. 198–199 ) ovoid, strongly convex, cuticle dark brown with a stark bronze metallic luster; legs, antennae and mouthparts reddish-brown.

Antennal scape ( Fig. 201 ) slightly thickened, with several short setae; club rather large, oval, without visible articulation, with thick short sensilla becoming slightly sparser basally, basal fourth of surface glabrous; sensory structures of antennal club ( Fig. 14 ) in form of stipe-shaped vesicle situated under a large circular sensory area on internal distal margin of the ventral side of antennal club.

Mouthparts. Mandibles ( Fig. 82 ) stout, outer margin straight, strongly curved inwardly; acutely pointed, sub-apical tooth on left mandible moderately large, obtuse; labrum ( Fig. 48 ) sparsely punctate; labral pits present, with two setae; anterior margin medially with prominent convexity interrupting concavity; terminal labial palpomere thickened, its width about half its length; mentum ( Fig. 204 ) sub-trapezoid, anterior margin ( Fig. 110 ) shallowly emarginate, disc of mentum setose; cardo of maxilla with several moderately long setae; stipes triangular, with three moderately long setae; terminal maxillary palpomere thickened, its width about half its length; about three times as long as penultimate.

Clypeus ( Fig. 201 ) flat, rounded laterally, rectangular, almost smooth, only with scattered microscopic punctation; frontal stria ( Fig. 201 ) well impressed, carinate, somewhat curved outwardly, continued as well impressed and carinate supraorbital stria; frontal disc slightly convex; frontal disc almost smooth, with scattered fine punctures; eyes flattened, visible from above.

Pronotal sides ( Fig. 198 ) strongly convergent forwardly; apical angles blunt; marginal pronotal stria complete, well impressed and carinate; lateral pronotal stria carinate, posteriorly and anteriorly shortened, somewhat distant from lateral pronotal margin, on both ends curved inwardly; pronotal disc convex, almost smooth, only antero-lateral angles inside of the lateral pronotal stria with inconspicuous scattered shallow punctures; base of pronotal disc with a row of round punctures; pronotal hypomeron with short amber setae; scutellum small, but visible.

Elytral humeri gently prominent; epipleura almost smooth, only with scattered microscopic punctation; marginal epipleural stria complete; marginal elytral stria strongly impressed, carinate, continued as complete apical elytral stria. Humeral elytral stria distinctly impressed on basal third, occasionally doubled; inner subhumeral stria present medially, shortened; elytra with four dorsal striae 1–4, in fine punctures, increasing in length from first to fourth, fourth stria surpasses elytral half apically, basally connected with sutural elytral stria; sutural stria well impressed, apically connected with apical elytral stria. Elytral disc almost smooth, punctation confined to apical third, along sutural stria reaching about one-third of elytral length anteriorly, punctures separated by about their own to twice their diameter.

Propygidium partially covered by elytra, with dense shallow punctures; pygidium convex, about as long as broad, with coarser and denser elongate punctures than those of propygidium, forming longitudinal rugae.

Anterior margin of median portion of prosternum ( Fig. 203 ) rounded; pre-apical foveae absent; marginal prosternal stria absent anteriorly; prosternal process slightly compressed, setose, rounded dorsally; carinal prosternal striae absent (in some specimens vaguely present between procoxae, as in Chivaenius ); lateral prosternal striae well impressed, carinate, convergent anteriorly, vaguely united in front.

Anterior margin of mesoventrite almost straight, somewhat curved outwardly; discal marginal mesoventral stria laterally well impressed, carinate, somewhat weakened medially; disc of mesoventrite convex, with dense deep punctures separated about their own to twice their diameter, posteriorly growing in size; meso-metaventral sutural stria formed by a row of large punctures; intercoxal disc of metaventrite flat, almost smooth, only with microscopic punctation, along posterior margin with three rows of deep punctures; lateral metaventral stria ( Fig. 200 ) well impressed, carinate, curved outwardly, almost attaining meso-metepisternal suture. Lateral disc of metaventrite ( Fig. 200 ) slightly concave, with scattered shallow punctures, fringed with short setae; metepisternum on apical two-thirds with sparse shallow punctures fringed with short setae, basal third + fused metepimeron almost glabrous, only with several shallow punctures.

Intercoxal disc of first abdominal sternite almost completely striate laterally; anterior half of disc with coarse punctures separated by about their own diameter, posteriorly punctures replaced by very fine scattered microscopic punctation; along posterior margin row of larger punctures present; lateral disc of all visible abdominal sternites laterally setose.

Protibia ( Fig. 205 ) on outer margin with two large triangular teeth topped with large triangular denticle, followed by one low tooth topped with minuscule denticle, followed by another microscopic denticle; protarsal groove shallow; tarsi shortened, but not rudimentary; anterior protibial stria shortened apically; protibial spur short, growing out from apical protibial margin; outer part of posterior surface of protibia smooth; median part of posterior surface with irregular setae; posterior protibial stria vaguely impressed; inner margin of protibia with dense row of setae.

Mesotibia not particularly dilated, outer margin with two rows of stout short denticles growing in size in proximal direction; posterior surface with sparse brush of two – outer and median – rows of setae; posterior mesotibial stria reaching half length of mesotibia apically, next evanescent; anterior surface of mesotibia almost smooth, with microscopic wrinkles; anterior mesotibial stria shortened apically; apical margin of mesotibia anteriorly with numerous inner anterior denticles; mesotibial spur short, stout; claws of apical tarsomere longer than half its length.

Metatibia ( Figs. 206–207 ) slightly dilated and thickened, outer margin with two rows of short denticles, one row situated above the other, second row somewhat shifted from outer margin, observable only from ventral view; posterior surface of metatibia with rows of setae similar to those of mesotibia; anterior surface and apical margin of metatibia ( Fig. 207 ) similar to that of mesotibia; claws of apical tarsomere gently bent, longer that half its length.

Male genitalia. Eighth sternite ( Figs. 208–209 ) longitudinally separated medially, apically with inconspicuous velum and sparse short setae; eighth tergite and eighth sternite not fused laterally ( Fig. 210 ), spiculum gastrale ( Figs. 211–212 ) expanded on both ends. Basal piece of aedeagus ( Figs. 213–214 ) very short, ratio of its length: length of parameres approximately 1: 7; parameres ( Figs. 213–214 ) fused almost along basal three-fourths; apex with pseudopores; aedeagus strongly curved ventrad ( Fig. 214 ).

Figures

Figs. 9–28. Saprininae, sensory structures of the antennal club (vesicles marked with grey; sensory areas shaded): 9 – Saprinus (Saprinus) semistriatus (Scriba, 1790); 10 – Saprinus (Hemisaprinus) subvirescens (Ménétries, 1832); 11 – Myrmetes paykulli Kanaar, 1979; 12 – Styphrus corpulentus Motschulsky, 1845; 13 – Saprinus (Phaonius) pharao (Marseul, 1855); 14 – Ammostyphrus cerberus Reichardt, 1924; 15 – Chalcionellus amoenus (Erichson, 1834); 16 – Chivaenius kryzhanovskii Olexa,1980; 17 – Ctenophilothis chobauti (Théry,1900); 18 – Eopachylopus ripae (Lewis, 1885); 19 – Exaesiopus grossipes grossipes (Marseul, 1855); 20 – Hypocaccus (Hypocaccus) rugiceps (Duftschmid, 1805); 21 – Hypocaccus (Baeckmanniolus) dimidiatus dimidiatus (Illiger, 1807); 22 – Hypocacculus (Hypocacculus) metallescens (Erichson, 1834); 23 – Hypocacculus (Colpellus) praecox (Erichson, 1834); 24 – Hypocacculus (Nessus) rubripes (Erichson, 1834); 25 – Paravolvulus lateristrius (Solskij, 1876); 26 – Pholioxenus phoenix (Reichardt, 1930); 27 – Reichardtiolus duriculus (Reitter, 1904); 28 – Xenonychus tridens (Jacquelin-Duval, 1852).

Figs. 47–73. Saprininae, labral structures, dorsal view (left half showing external and right half showing internal structures): 47 – Alienocacculus neftensis (Olexa, 1984); 48 – Ammostyphrus cerberus Reichardt, 1924; 49 – Chalcionellus amoenus (Erichson, 1834); 50 – Chivaenius kryzhanovskii Olexa, 1980; 51 – Eopachylopus ripae (Lewis, 1885); 52 – Eremosaprinus vlasovi (Reichardt, 1941); 53 – Euspilotus (Neosaprinus) perrisi (Marseul, 1872); 54 – Exaesiopus grossipes grossipes (Marseul, 55); 55 – Gnathoncus rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792); 56 – Hypocaccus (Hypocaccus) rugiceps (Duftschmid, 1805); 57 – Hypocacculus (Hypocacculus) metallescens (Erichson, 1834); 58 – Hypocacculus (Colpellus) praecox (Erichson, 1834); 59 – Hypocacculus (Nessus) rubripes (Erichson, 1834); 60 – Microsaprinus therondianus (Dahlgren, 1973); 61 – Myrmetes paykulli Kanaar, 1979; 62 – Paravolvulus lateristriatus (Solskij, 1876); 63 – Philothis (Philothis) arcanus Reichardt, 1930; 64 – Philothis (Atavinus) atavus (Reichardt, 1931); 65 – Philothis (Farabius) hexeris Reichardt, 1930; 66 – Pholioxenus phoenix (Reichardt, 1930); 67 – Reichardtiolus duriculus (Reitter, 1904); 68 – Saprinus (Saprinus) semistriatus (Scriba, 1790); 69 – Saprinus (Hemisaprinus) subvirescens (Ménétries, 1832); 70 – Saprinus (Phaonius) pharao (Marseul, 1855); 71 – Styphrus corpulentus Motschulsky, 1845; 72 – Xenonychus tridens (Jacquelin-Duval, 1852); 73 – Xenophilothis choumovitchi (Thérond, 1965).

Figs. 81–89. Saprininae, mandibles, ventral view: 81 –Alienocacculus neftensis (Olexa, 1984); 82 – Ammostyphrus cerberus Reichardt, 1924; 83 – Chalcionellus amoenus (Erichson, 1834); 84 – Chivaenius kryzhanovskii Olexa, 1980; 85 – Ctenophilotis chobauti (Théry, 1900); 86 – Eopachylopus ripae (Lewis, 1885); 87 – Eremosaprinus vlasovi (Reichardt, 1941); 88 – Euspilotus (Neosaprinus) perrisi (Marseul, 1872); 89 – Exaesiopus grossipes grossipes (Marseul, 1855).

Figs. 109–141. Saprininae, anterior margin of mentum, ventral view: 109 – Alienocacculus neftensis (Olexa, 1984); 110 – Ammostyphrus cerberus Reichardt, 1924; 111 – Axelinus ghilarovi Kryzhanovskij, 1976; 112 – Chalcionellus amoenus (Erichson, 1834); 113 – Chivaenius kryzhanovskii Olexa, 1980; 114 – Ctenophilotis chobauti (Théry, 1900); 115 – Eopachylopus ripae (Lewis, 1885); 116 – Eremosaprinus vlasovi (Reichardt, 1941); 117 – Euspilotus (Neosaprinus) perrisi (Marseul, 1872); 118 – Exaesiopus grossipes grossipes (Marseul, 1855); 119 – Gnathoncus rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792); 120 – Hypocaccus (Hypocaccus) rugiceps (Duftschmid, 1805); 121 – Hypocaccus (Baeckmanniolus) dimidiatus dimidiatus (Illiger, 1807); 122 – Hypocacculus (Hypocacculus) metallescens (Erichson, 1834); 123 – Hypocacculus (Colpellus) praecox (Erichson, 1834); 124 – Hypocacculus (Nessus) rubripes (Erichson, 1834); 125 – Microsaprinus therondianus (Dahlgren, 1973); 126 – Myrmetes paykulli Kanaar, 1979; 127 – Paravolvulus ovillum (Solskij, 1876); 128 – Philothis (Philothis) arcanus Reichardt, 1930; 129 – Philothis (Atavinus) atavus (Reichardt, 1931); 130 – Philothis (Farabius) hexeris Reichardt, 1930; 131 – Pholioxenus phoenix (Reichardt, 1930); 132 – Reichardtiolus duriculus (Reitter, 1904); 133 – Saprinillus paromaloides Kryzhanovskij, 1974; 134 – Saprinus (Saprinus) semistriatus (Scriba, 1790); 135 – Saprinus (Hemisaprinus) subvirescens (Ménétries, 1832); 136 – Saprinus (Phaonius) pharao (Marseul, 1855); 137 – Styphrus corpulentus Motschulsky, 1845; 138 – Turanostyphrus ignoratus Tishechkin, 2005; 139 – Xenonychus tridens (Jacquelin-Duval, 1852); 140 – Xenophilotis choumovitchi (Thérond, 1965); 141 – Zorius funereus (Schmidt, 1890).

Figs. 198–207. Ammostyphrus cerberus Reichardt, 1924, SEM: 198 – habitus, dorsal view; 199 – ditto, ventral view; 200 – lateral disc of metaventrite, metepisternum and fused metepimeron; 201 – head, dorsal view; 202 – ditto, ventral view; 203 – prosternum; 204 – mentum and cardines and stipites of maxilla, ventral view; 205 – protibia, dorsal view; 206 – metatibia, ventral view; 207 – ditto, dorsal view.

Figs. 208–214. Ammostyphrus cerberus Reichardt, 1924, male terminalia: 208 – 8th sternite and tergite, ventral view; 209 – ditto, dorsal view; 210 – ditto, lateral view; 211 – 9th tergite, 10th tergite (dorsal view) and spiculum gastrale (ventral view); 212 – 9th tergite, 10th tergite and spiculum gastrale, lateral view; 213 – aedeagus, dorsal view; 214 – ditto, lateral view.

Figs. 174–178. Variability of the caudal end of spiculum gastrale:174 – Philothis (Farabius) hexeris Reichardt,1930; 175 – Hypocacculus (Nessus) rubripes (Erichson, 1834); 176 – Microsaprinus therondianus (Dahlgren, 1973); 177 – Saprinus (Saprinus) semistriatus (Scriba, 1790); 178 – Euspilotus (Neosaprinus) perrisi (Marseul, 1972).

Figs. 462–470. Hypocaccus (Baeckmanniolus) dimidiatus dimidiatus (Illiger, 1807), male terminalia: 462 – 8th sternite and tergite, ventral view; 463 – ditto, dorsal view; 464 – ditto, lateral view; 465 – 9th tergite, 10th tergite, dorsal view; 466 – ditto, lateral view; 467 – aedeagus, dorsal view; 468 – ditto, lateral view; 469 – spiculum gastrale, ventral view; 470 – ditto, lateral view.