Crioprosopus tricolor ( Waterhouse, 1840 ) Waterhouse, 1840

Eya, Bryan K., 2015, Revision of the Genus Crioprosopus Audinet-Serville, and description of three new genera of Trachyderini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae), Zootaxa 3914 (4), pp. 351-405 : 393-395

Crioprosopus tricolor ( Waterhouse, 1840) , comb. nov.

( Figs. 140–145 )

Callona tricolor Waterhouse, 1840:228 (Type locality: Venezuela, Caracas); Guérin-Méneville, 1844:213; Thomson, 1864:208; Linsley, 1962:100; Arnett, 1962:863, 881; Monné, 1994:37 (cat.); Monné & Giesbert, 1993:140 (cat.); Monné, 2012:56; Monné, 2013:724 (cat.).

Crioprosopus tricolor Lacordaire, 1869:171 ; Gemminger & Harold, 1872:2967 (cat.); Bates, 1885:321; Aurivillius, 1912:458 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1946:589 (cat.);

Stenaspis tricolor White, 1853:78 ; Rojas, 1866:242 (dist.)

Redescription. Male: Length, 24–30 mm. Form moderate sized; integument castaneous, finely punctate; head, antennae, pronotum, tibia and tarsi darker reddish-brown; elytra castaneous with iridescent greenish reflection; pubescence sparse on dorsum, dense on sternum. Head finely punctate and above bicarinate between eyes; front short, deeply impressed obliquely downward from middle, each side with a deep pit, median line deep, extending onto vertex and between upper lobe of eyes; palpi short, apical segment of labial and maxillary pair obovate, subtruncate at apex, impressed dorsally; genae shining, finely punctate, sparsely covered with appressed, yellowish hair; antennal tubercles broad, quadrate, apices angulate; antennae 11-segmented, slender, longer than body extending about a segment beyond elytra, scape opaque with base slightly impressed, segments from fourth densely punctate, clothed with very short, appressed, pale pubescence, 3rd segment longer than 1st, 4th segment shorter than 1st, 5th and 6th subequal and longer than 4th, 7th longer than 6th, 8th and 9th subequal to 5th, 10th shorter than 9th and subequal to 4th, 11th longest, appendiculate at apical 1/3. Pronotum dull, inflated, broader than long (1.5 x as broad as long), sides obtusely angulate, densely, contiguously punctate, disc coarsely, densely punctate, surface convex, base arcuately impressed, dorsal median line, smooth, finely, sparsely punctate, anterior half of median line, narrow (0.4–0.5 x width of upper lobe interocular space), widening at anteriorly margin, and dilated gradually post-medially into a smooth, triangular, sparsely punctate area, median line on posterior half bracketed on each side by a crescent-shaped, finely punctate impression, and another smaller, oval impression on the outside; prosternum densely, contiguously punctate, apical margin glabrate, surface clothed with erect hair, intercoxal process arcuate, abruptly declivous behind; mesosternum with intercoxal process subtuberculiform without obvious projection, sides clothed with short, pale pubescence; metasternum with appressed pale pubescent intermixed with suberect hair. Scutellum triangular, slightly longer than wide (1.2 x longer than broad), emarginate medially at base, apical ½ –2/3 flattened, castaneous, margins darker brownish. Elytra about 2.1 times longer than broad; disc finely punctate, surface slightly rugulose at base, punctures finer and surface finely reticulate toward apex; pubescence nearly obsolete; apices sinuately rounded to apex. Abdomen finely punctate with pale, suberect hairs, sides densely covered with appressed pale pubescence; fifth sternite with apex subtruncate, shallowly emarginate medially.

Female: Length, 25–29 mm. Form moderate sized; integument reddish, finely punctate, elytra brilliantly green; head, antennae, pro- and mesosternum, tibiae, tarsi, coxae, and base and apices of femora, and posterior margin of abdominal segments black; thorax black with reddish maculae laterally on each side. Antennae shorter than body reaching ¾ length of elytra, segments from 7th laterally expanded at apices, 3rd segment longer than 1st, 4th shorter than 1st, 5th–7th gradually longer than 4th, 8th shorter than 7th and subequal to 5th, 9th–10th gradually shorter than 8th, 11th longer than 10th and subequal to 5th, apical 1/3 appendiculate. Pronotum broader than long (1.6 x as broad as long), sides with prominent tubercles slightly behind middle; disc dull, coarsely, sparsely punctate, apical and basal margin impressed; sides with pubescence sparse, pale, long, erect; prosternum coarsely punctate, clothed with erect pale hair, apical margin impressed and striate-punctate; metasternum finely, densely punctate with appressed pale pubescent intermixed with suberect hair. Scutellum black, slightly longer than wide (1.3 x longer than broad). Elytra about 2.1 times longer than broad; disc finely, densely punctate at base, surface finely rugulose, punctures finer and surface very shallowly reticulate toward apex. Abdomen with fifth sternite broadly subtruncate at apex.

Distribution. Ven ez uel a.

Material examined. VENEZUELA: America merid., Crioprosopus tricolor , det. J. Frivaldszky, Tippmann Coll. ‘57, 213112 (1 female, USNM); frm V.P. Clark (1 female, USNM); Caracas, frm A.J.C. Rojas, 1921 (1 female, USNM); p. Cabello, May 1938, F. Tippmann, Wien, Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (1 female, USNM); Maracaibo, F. Tippmann, Wien, Crioprosopus iridescens venezuelaensis, Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (1 male, USNM); Crioprosopus tricolor, Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (1 male, USNM); Caracas, Crioprosopus tricolor, Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (1 male, USNM); Caracas, Hoynl, Crioprosopus tricolor, Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (1 male, USNM); Crioprosopus tricolor Water., Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (1 male, USNM); Caracas, Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (1 male, USNM); Caracas Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (3 male, USNM); Merida, F. Tippmann, Wien, Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (1 male, USNM); Crioprosopus tricolor, Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112 (1 male, USNM).

Note. Crioprosopus tricolor female is remarkably similar in appearance to C. basileus Bates female; however C. basileus is much larger (33–40 mm) than C. tricolor (25–29 mm). The punctures on the pronotal disc and prosternum are much coarser in C. tricolor ( Fig. 74 ), and the apical margin of the abdominal segments are black. C. basileus have the pronotal disc and the prosternum that are more glabrate with finer punctures ( Fig. 78 ), and the apical margin of abdominal segments that are reddish to dark-brownish. C. tricolor have quadrate-shaped frons, and the median line deeply furrowed at the vertex ( Fig. 76 ). The punctures on the antennal tubercle are coarser in C. tricolor than those of C. basileus female. C. tricolor have obovate apical segments of labial and maxillary palpi, which are expanded at the apex ( Fig. 77 ) compared to C. basileus , which have apical segments of palpi that are oblong with a narrower tip ( Fig. 81 ). The scutellum of C. tricolor is more triangular (1. 3 x as long as wide), emarginate medially at base, and apical ½–2/3 flattened into a shape resembling an arrowhead ( Fig. 75 ), whereas C. basileus female have a more elongate scutellum (1.6 x as long as wide), which is impressed medially from base to apex ( Fig. 79 ).

The characteristics shared by both male and female C. tricolor include: (1) triangular, flattened, “arrowheadshaped” scutellum ( Figs. 65, 70 ); (2) more deeply furrowed vertex ( Figs. 67, 72 ); (3) obovate and apically expanded labial and maxillary palpi ( Figs. 68, 73 ); (4) subtuberculate mesosternal intercoxal process ( Fig. 3 a); (5) elytral disc that is very finely, densely punctate with basal half finely rugulose ( Figs. 66, 71 ); (6) dorsal surfaces of the 3rd and 4th antennal segments that are not canaliculate as in other species; and (6) shared localities where all specimens are from Venezuela. Some of the differences or sexual dimorphism include: (1) integuments of males that are castaneous to darker reddish-brown instead of black and reddish as in the female; (2) inflated, densely punctate pronotum of male versus females with smaller, sparsely, coarsely punctate pronotal disc with prominent lateral tubercle behind middle; and (3) antennae of males that are longer, narrower, and less laterally expanded at the apex of each segment compared to the females.

The male tricolor ( Figs. 140–143 ) can be differentiated from other Crioprosopus Audinet-Serville species by the smaller size (24–30 mm), the entirely castaneous and immaculate integument, castaneous elytra with iridescent greenish reflection, triangular arrowhead-shaped scutellum, and the convex shaped pronotal disc without the transverse impression medially on the apical half. Also, the median line lacks the ante-medial transverse rhombiform dilation ( Fig. 69 ). C. hondurensis sp. nov. shares the convex shaped pronotal disc and triangular scutellum of the male C. tricolor ; however, C. hondurensis has an ante-medial transverse dilation on the median line of the pronotal disc. In other male species of Crioprosopus with metallic elytra, the pronotal disc is broadly impressed transversely in the middle of anterior half, and the scutellum is also more elongate than the male C. tricolor . The iridescent greenish reflection of the elytral disc of the C. tricolor male varies on the individual specimen from greenish reflection limited to the humerus or to the sides of elytra to individuals with the iridescent reflection over the entire disc ( Figs. 140–141 ). The elytra of some C. tricolor male are entirely castaneous with very little iridescent reflection ( Figs. 142–143 ).

Figures

FIGURES 134 – 145. Dorsal and Lateral view of Crioprosopus (cont.). 134, 135: Crioprosopus servillei (divisus) (male, Honduras, La Paz); 136, 137: Crioprosopus servillei (female, Honduras, El Zamorano); 138, 139: Crioprosopus servillei (female, Honduras, El Zamorano); 140, 141: Crioprosopus tricolor (male, Venezuela, Merida); 142, 143: Crioprosopus tricolor (male, Venezuela, Caracas); 144, 145: Crioprosopus tricolor (female, Venezuela, Caracas).

FIGURES 74 – 81. Morphological characteristics of females, Crioprosopus tricolor (74 – 77) compared to C. basileus (78 – 81). 74: punctures on pronotal disc coarse; 78: punctures on pronotal disc fine; 75: scutellum triangular, flat, emarginated medially at base; 79: scutellum elongate, impressed medially; 76: frons quadrate with median line deeply furrowed; 80: frons gently sloping from median line to antennal tubercles; 77: apical segments of labial and maxillary palpi obovate, expanded apically; 81: apical segments of labial and maxillary palpi oblong, narrowed apically.

FIGURES 64 – 73. Morphological characteristics shared by Crioprosopus tricolor female (64 – 68), and male (69 – 73). 64: glabrate, coarsely punctured pronotal disc (female); 69: convex pronotal disc with anterior ½ lacking broad impression, and median line lacking transverse rhombiform dilation (male); 65, 70: triangular, flattened, arrowhead-shaped scutellum; 66, 71: very finely, densely punctate, and finely, rugulose elytral disc; 67, 72: deeply furrowed vertex; 68, 73: obovate, apically expanded palpi.

FIGURES 3 – 10. Crioprosopus Pro- and Mesosternal Intercoxal Process (3 – 6), and Scutellum (7 – 10): 3, 7: tricolor (female), 3 a: subtuberculiform mesosternal intercoxal process; 4, 8: amoenus (female), 4 a: prosternal intercoxal process arcuate; 5, 9: servillei (female), 5 a: mesosternal intercoxal process arcuate at apex; 6, 10: Crioprosopus sp. (male, Mex. Yucatan, Yokozonot), 6 a: mesosternal intercoxal process protuberant but not extending below 6 b, 6 b: plane of prosternal intercoxal process; 7, 8 and 9: short triangular scutellum, length scarcely longer than width; 10: elongated scutellum, longer than wide.