Parena (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, 1977

Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2023, Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina), Zootaxa 5286 (1), pp. 1-144 : 77-78

[20] Parena (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, 1977

Habitus: Figs 43D, 43E, 43F . Male genitalia: Fig. 45 . Gonocoxites of ovipositor: Fig. 11H .

Mateu, 1977: 164 (type locality: Bhutan: Wangdi-Phodrang ; holotype in NHMB); Kirschenhofer, 1994: 1047 .

Parena phongsalyensis Kirschenhofer, 2011: 66 (type locality: Laos: Phongsaly; holotype in CDW). Syn. nov.

Type material examined. Parena quadrisignata Mateu : Holotype (NHMB, Fig. 43D ): female, body length = 9.0 mm, board mounted, " Wangdi Phodrang / 21km S ", "Nat.-Hist. Museum / Basel-Bhutan / Expedition 1972", "TYPE" [red label], " Parena / 4signata / n.sp. / J. Mateu det. 197 6 " . Paratype (NHMB): 1 female, "PARATYPE" [red label], " 18 km S. Tongsa / Changra 22.6. 1900 m", "Nat.-Hist. Museum / Basel-Bhutan / Expedition 1972" .

Parena phongsalyensis Kirschenhofer : Holotype (CDW, Fig. 43E ): male, body length = 8.4 mm, board mounted, " LAOS / Phongsaly Prov. / PHONGSALY env. / Phu Fa , h: 1450-1600 m ", " 26.VII.2006 / leg. M Geiser / Bergregenwald", "Holotypus / Parena / Phongsalyensis sp. n. / des. Kirschenhofer 2010" [red label], "COLL. WRASE / BERLIN" [green label] < Fig. 45B >.

Notes on types and synonyms. Parena phongsalyensis Kirschenhofer : This species was described from N. Laos without comparison with the very similar species P. quadrisignata . We examined the types of the two species and found that they are slightly different in the following three aspects: the background color of P. phongsalyensis is much darker; the humeral patches smaller and slightly distant from elytra base, and the subapical patches have the oblique extension very narrow and almost invisible. We cannot compare their male genitalia because the types of P. quadrisignata are females. Instead, we examined several specimens from west Yunnan, which geographically intermediate and present intermediate states of these above characters ( Fig. 43F ). These specimens are almost identical to the holotype of P. phongsalyensis in male genitalia ( Fig. 45 ). Thus, we treat P. phongsalyensis as a junior synonym of P. quadrisignata .

Non-type material examined. Laos: 1 ex (NHML), "Laos, Nam qiene, le 14-IV.1918, R. Vitalis de Salvaza ", "Bought from Vitalis de Salvaza 1928", " H.E. Andrewes Coll. / B.M. 1945-97." . India: 2 ex (NHMB), "NE India, Arunachal Pr. Dirang vicinity, 1550+- 150 m, 27°21'-23'N92°13'-16' E, L. Dembicky leg. 1.-9.vi.2004 " . China: 1 female (IZAS), "Yunnan, Fugong county, Pihe, Zhiziluo , 2005.8.20, Liang Hongbin lgt.". 1 male, 1 female (CAS), "Yunnan, Tengchong , Qushi , Xiangyangqiao , N25.21221, E98.57836, 1500 m, 2006.VI.4 D, Kavanaugh D., Brett R. lgt." < Figs 11H , 45A >. 1 male (IZAS), "Yunnan, Baoshan, Mangkuan, Baihualing, N25.21221, E98.57836, 1635 m, 2005.VI.2 D, Kavanaugh D. lgt." < Fig. 43F >. 1 male (IZAS), "Xizang, Mêdog county , Dêxing , Wainlang vill, alt. 1251 m, 2020.IX.4 D2, N29.36709, E95.34012, Liang Hongbin lgt." .

Comparisons. This species is easily distinguished from all other species of subgenus Bothynoptera by dorsum dark brown with black patches on elytra. It is also distinctly larger than all other species of the P. tripunctata group. The male genitalia of this species are very similar to those of P. tripunctata , but the apical lamella is rounded-triangular and not bent toward the dorsum. In P. tripunctata , the apical lamella is rounded-truncate and weakly bent toward the dorsum.

Description. Body length 8.0– 9.1 mm. Dorsum dark brown, elytra background slightly lighter than pronotum and head; elytra with two pairs of black patches: basal group elongate, very close to elytra base, occupying intervals 5 to 7 or 8, subapical group nearly round, occupying intervals 4 to 7, often with an oblique extension backward to elytral suture; legs, antennae, and mouthparts dark brown; venter dark brown. Labrum slightly dilated to apex, apex very weakly emarginate. Pronotum nearly quadrate, PW/PL = 1.20–1.28, usually slightly narrower than head, PW/HW = 0.93–1.00; lateral explanations narrow; widest at anterior third, slightly rounded at anterior half, and then moderately to strongly sinuate before posterior angles; posterior angles nearly rectangular with slightly distinct apex. Elytra slightly dilated to apex, surface without microsculpture; striae shallowly incised, with fine puncture rows; intervals with sparse punctures. Males with biseriate adhesive setae on apical third of mesotarsomere 2 and apical two-thirds of mesotarsomere 3. Median lobe of aedeagus very stout, in dorsal view apex distinctly bent to right; in lateral view ventral margin slightly expanded near middle; apical lamella thick and short, rounded triangular, LL subequal to LW. Endophallus with squamate sac not divided. Gonocoxite II of ovipositor nearly quadrate, length subequal to basal width, apex straight, with five ensiform setae, four of them equally arranged on apical margin, a shorter one on outer margin.

Distribution ( Map 8 , black). Bhutan, Laos, NE. India, China (Yunnan, Xizang).

Figures

MAP 8. Distributions for species in the Parena (Bothynoptera) tripunctata group.

FIGURE 11. Gonocoxites (left side) of ovipositor for Parena spp., ventral side (dorsal side for fig. Q). A–J subgenus Bothynoptera: A P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp.n., Laos, paratype. B P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Shaanxi. C P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Guangdong. D P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. G P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes), Taiwan. H P. (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) emarginata sp. n., holotype. J P. (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., Sichuan, paratype. K–X subgenus Parena: K P. (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, Sulawesi. L P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Yunnan. M P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. N P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. O P. (Parena) picipes sp. n., Borneo, paratype. P P. (Parena) andrewesi Jedlička, Philippine. Q P. (Parena) politissima (Chaudoir), Vanuatu. R P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Guizhou. S P. (Parena) circumdata Shibata, Taiwan. T P. (Parena) pendleburyi Andrewes, Borneo. U P. (Parena) fulva sp. n., Zimbabwe, paratype. V P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. W P. (Parena) ruficornis sp.n., CentralAfrica, paratype. X P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Uganda. Y–γ subgenus Crossoglossa: Y P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Taiwan. Z P. (Crossoglossa) laesipennis (Bates), Yunnan. α P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Zhejiang. β P. (Crossoglossa) sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. γ P. (Crossoglossa) sciakyi sp. n., holotype. Scale bar = 0.2mm.

FIGURE 43. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes) and Parena (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu. A Holotype of Parena malaisei (Andrewes). B P. malaisei (Andrewes), male from Yunnan. C P. malaisei (Andrewes), male from Nepal. D Holotype of Parena quadrisignata Mateu. E Holotype of Parena phongsalyensis Kirschenhofer [= Parena quadrisignata Mateu]. F P. quadrisignata Mateu, male from Yunnan. Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 45. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, right-lateral (r), ventral (v), left-lateral (l), and dorsal (d) views. A Yunnan. B Holotype of Parena phongsalyensis Kirschenhofer [= Parena quadrisignata Mateu]. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.