Parena (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, 2002

Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2023, Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina), Zootaxa 5286 (1), pp. 1-144 : 64-66

[15] Parena (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, 2002

Habitus: Fig. 36 . Male genitalia: Fig. 37 . Gonocoxites of ovipositor: Fig. 11E .

Hua, 2002: 27. replacement name for Parena formosana Ohkura, 1978 .

Parena formosana Ohkura, 1978: 29 (type locality: Taiwan: Nantou; holotype in KCMI: Kashihara City Museum of Insects , Kashihara, Japan); Habu, 1979: 58; Shpeley, 1986: 273; Kirschenhofer, 2006: 88. Primary homonym of Parena formosana Jedlička, 1946: 9 .

Non-type material examined. China: 1 male (IZAS), " Hunan, Yizhang, Mangshan forestry park, Guizizhai, N24.95187, E112.93079, 1271 m, 2008.VII.14 d, Ding Liang lgt.". 1 male (IZAS), " Hunan, Mangshan, 2008.7.14, Ding Liang lgt.". 1 male (IZAS), " Guangdong, Ruyuan county, Nanling res., Ruyang station, on vegetation, N24.93730, E113.02110, 1148 m, 2008.VII.19 d, Liang Hongbin lgt.". 1 female (ZWWC), " Chongqing, Jiangjin, Simianshan, 2007.X.23-28, Zhang, Fu & Zeng lgt.". 1 male, 2 females (IZAS), " Guangxi, Wuming, Damingshan mt., 518 m, 2014.VI.08, Lu Yanquan leg. On flower" < Fig. 36A >. 6 ex (CCCC), "Taiwan, Nantou, Ren'ai, N. Dongyanshan, 1800 m, 2010.IV.22, Chou Wen-I leg." < Figs 36B, 36C , 37 >. 1 ex (CCCC), "Taiwan, Nantou county, Ren'ai, Sungkang, 1994.VIII.24, Chen Changchin lgt.". 1 ex (CCCC), " Taiwan, Nantou county, Ren'ai, Sungkang, 2000 m, 1995.VIII.12, Lo Chinchi lgt.". 1 ex (CCCC), "Taiwan, Nantou county, Ren'ai, Sungkang, 2000 m, 2007. VII.3 ". 1 ex (CCCC), "Taiwan, Nantou county, Ren'ai, Meifeng, 1994.VI.11, Chen Changchin lgt.". 4 ex (IZAS), "Taiwan, Ilan county, Taiping Shan, Beech Path 38 k, 2020.VI.10, Huang Jialong lgt." < Figs 2D , 3E >. 2 males (CCCC), "Taiwan, Hualien county, Sioulin, Bilyu Scared Tree, 1995.V.2, Chen Changchin lgt." < Fig. 10D >. 1 ex (CCCC), "Taiwan, Hualien county, Sioulin, Bilyu Scared Tree, 2006.X.10 ". 1 ex (CCCC), "Taiwan, Pingtung county, Dahanshan, 2008.IV.6, Lin Wensin lgt.". 2 ex (CCCC), "Taiwan, Pintung county, Wutai, 1995.IV.7, Li Chunlin lgt.". 2 females (CCCC), "Taiwan, Pingtung county, Tai24 Road, 1500 m, 1998.V.2 " < Fig. 11E >.

Comparisons. P. taiwana is different from all other species of subgenus Bothynoptera in the following four characters: male mesotarsomere 1 with biseriate adhesive setae ventrally; antennae extended beyond elytra base; intervals strongly punctate, distance between interval punctures one to two times as that of strial punctures; median lobe of aedeagus very slender, AL/AW 5.5–6.0. Individuals without elytra spots are somewhat similar to P. shapingensis , but the latter species has a vague pale patch on the elytra. Individuals with four elytra spots are somewhat similar to P. emarginata sp. n., but the latter species has a pair of black stripes on the pronotum, and apex of the labrum dilated and strongly emarginate.

Description. Body length 7.1–9.0 mm. Dorsum yellowish brown to pale yellow; elytra with a pair of dark spots centered behind middle of interval 4 one to three intervals wide ( Fig. 36A ) in most specimens, without these spots ( Fig. 36B ) or with a pair of additional spots near elytral base ( Fig. 36C ) in some specimens; legs, antennae, and mouthparts same color as body. Tempora short, abruptly narrowed behind eyes; antennae extended beyond elytra base, to level of first pore on interval 3; antennomere 4 with length approximately two times its width; labrum quadrate, apex straight. Pronotum nearly quadrate, PW/PL = 1.21–1.31, nearly same width as head, PW/HW = 0.95–1.04; lateral explanations narrow; widest at anterior third, weakly rounded at anterior half, and then weakly sinuate before posterior angles; posterior angles nearly rectangular with rounded apex. Elytra slightly dilated to apex, surface without microsculpture or with very faint isodiametric microsculpture; striae shallowly incised, with fine puncture rows in striae; intervals weakly convex, strongly punctate, distance between interval punctures one to two times as that of stria punctures; interval 3 with three setigerous pores; apical truncation indistinct, evenly rounded, sutural angles indistinct. Apex of abdominal sternite VII with two setae on each side in both sexes. Males with biseriate adhesive setae on venter of mesotarsomeres 1–3; adhesive setae present more than three-fourths length of mesotarsomere 1. Median lobe of aedeagus very slender (AL/AW = 5.5–6.0), ventral margin sinuate, apical lamella thin, LL slightly greater than LW, apex rounded. Endophallus with flared basal expansion of primary sclerite very narrow, apical flagellum very short, ending at basal third of median lobe; apical sclerite elongate and well defined, basal core linear, placed near middle of median lobe; basal sheath reduced to very few scales surrounding base of flared expansion, apical sheath large and well scaled; squamate sac not divided, small and triangular, slightly basal to middle of median lobe, right to squamate sheath. Gonocoxite II of ovipositor nearly ovate, length slightly less than basal width, apex projected near inner angle, with six ensiform setae, two on each angle, and two near middle, on outer side of apical projection.

Distribution ( Map 5 , blue). China ( Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Chongqing).

Remarks. Parena formosana Ohkura is a primary homonym of Parena formosana Jedlička , although the latter species belongs to the genus Paraphaea now ( Shi et al., 2013). A replacement name was proposed by Hua (2002) in the List of Chinese Insects. However, this literature was ignored by recent catalogues ( Lorenz, 2005; L̂bl & L̂bl, 2017).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Mandibles of Parena spp.: left mandible, dorsum (ld); right mandible, dorsum (rd); left mandible, venter (lv); right mandible, venter (rv). A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Shaanxi. B P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Zhejiang. C P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Guangxi. D P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Beijing. Scale bar = 0.5mm. Abbreviations: rr retinacular ridge of right mandible; vg ventral groove.

FIGURE 3. A–D Labia of Parena spp.: A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing. B P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Zhejiang. C P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Guangxi. D P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Beijing. E–F Heads of Parena spp. in lateral view: E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan, suborbital setae present. F P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Yunnan, suborbital seta absent. Scale bars = 0.5mm.

MAP 5. Distributions for species in the Parena (Bothynoptera) heteronycha group and Parena (Bothynoptera) taiwana group.

FIGURE 10. Parameres of male genitalia for Parena spp. A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing. B P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Shanghai. C P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Zhejiang. D P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. F P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Xizang. G P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. H P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. I P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Yunnan. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 11. Gonocoxites (left side) of ovipositor for Parena spp., ventral side (dorsal side for fig. Q). A–J subgenus Bothynoptera: A P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp.n., Laos, paratype. B P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Shaanxi. C P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Guangdong. D P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. G P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes), Taiwan. H P. (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) emarginata sp. n., holotype. J P. (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., Sichuan, paratype. K–X subgenus Parena: K P. (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, Sulawesi. L P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Yunnan. M P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. N P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. O P. (Parena) picipes sp. n., Borneo, paratype. P P. (Parena) andrewesi Jedlička, Philippine. Q P. (Parena) politissima (Chaudoir), Vanuatu. R P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Guizhou. S P. (Parena) circumdata Shibata, Taiwan. T P. (Parena) pendleburyi Andrewes, Borneo. U P. (Parena) fulva sp. n., Zimbabwe, paratype. V P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. W P. (Parena) ruficornis sp.n., CentralAfrica, paratype. X P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Uganda. Y–γ subgenus Crossoglossa: Y P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Taiwan. Z P. (Crossoglossa) laesipennis (Bates), Yunnan. α P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Zhejiang. β P. (Crossoglossa) sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. γ P. (Crossoglossa) sciakyi sp. n., holotype. Scale bar = 0.2mm.

FIGURE 36. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua. A Male from Guangxi. B Female from Taiwan. C Male from Taiwan. Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 37. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, right-lateral (r), ventral (v), left-lateral (l), and dorsal (d) views, Taiwan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.