GIRAFFIDAE Gray, 1821

Geraads, Denis, Spassov, Nikolaï, Hristova, Latinka, Markov, Georgi N. & Tzankov, Tzanko, 2011, Upper Miocene mammals from Strumyani, South-Western Bulgaria, Geodiversitas 33 (3), pp. 451-484 : 470

Family GIRAFFIDAE Gray, 1821

? Helladotherium duvernoyi Gaudry & Lartet, 1856

The giraffid material is abundant, and comes from both Str-1 and Str-2. The Str-1 material includes an incomplete metatarsal, FM-2233 (max. prox. diameter = 90, width of shaft = 60); a scaphoid, FM-2235 (APD = 76, max. H = 49.2); a distal humerus (FM-2811) in connection with a proximal radius (FM-2812: TD = 134); a DP2, FM-2240 (28.5 × 20.5); and a DP3, FM-2239 (L = 37) with a bifurcated parastyle and a long first lobe. The latter is the most informative specimen, as it is clearly distinct from the DP3 of Samotherium Major, 1888 that has a shorter first lobe ( Bohlin 1926; Geraads 1974). The large size of the metatarsal and radius also fits better Helladotherium Gaudry, 1860 than Samotherium ( Geraads 1974) . Although definitely present in Northern Greece ( Geraads 1974), the latter genus is absent from other Greek and Bulgarian sites ( Geraads et al. 2005b).

From Str-2, the measurements of a first phalanx, FM-2323 (L = 117, dist. TD = 52; prox. DT = 54.5; dist. APD = 38.1; prox. APD = 55.5; W of shaft = 43) fit much better Helladotherium than Samotherium ( Geraads 1974) . By comparison with material from various sites in Macedonia ( Geraads 1974, 2009; Geraads et al. 2005b), we assign to Helladotherium separate left incisors from the same specimens FM-2755 and 2756: i3 (MDD = 19.1; VLD = 14.7), i2 (MDD = 17.4; VLD = 14.9); a mandible fragment, FM-2467, with dp3 and the first two lobes of dp4; a proximal metatarsal, FM-2218 (APD = 90; DT = 97); a distal radius, FM-2160 (TD = 134); and a calcaneus fragment, FM-2324.