Metatrichia brunneipennis, Ale-Rocha & Limeira-De-Oliveira, 2021

Ale-Rocha, Rosaly & Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco, 2021, New species and new record of Neotropical Metatrichia Coquillett (Diptera: Scenopinidae), Zootaxa 5039 (1), pp. 119-128 : 122-124

Metatrichia brunneipennis sp. nov.

( Figs 5–9 , 15–18 )

Metatrichia robusta ; Rafael & Ale, 1983: 709 (misidentification).

Diagnosis. Thorax and abdomen black; postpronotal lobe with small pale brown to yellow dot on ventral posterior corner; scutum with very sparse scale-like setae, which are more concentrated on dorsocentral and acrostichal areas, forming narrow, but distinct rows; legs dark brown except the fore tarsus pale brown, mid and hind tarsomeres 1–3 yellow with brown apex and tarsomeres 4–5 brown. Abdomen lacking scale-like setae. Wing homogeneously sub-hyaline or slightly infuscate on costal margin, veins pale brown; flagellum brown with yellow base or wholly brown; halter with knob brown.

Description. Type material. Holotype ♂. Body length: 3.8mm. Head. Ocellar tubercle black, protuberant, without scale-like setae. Frons shiny black; very slender dorsally for a distance longer than length of ocellar tubercle and narrower than width of anterior ocellus, lacking scale-like setae; lower frons with whitish scale-like setae on lateral margin form a continuous line and are sparse in the middle. Parafacial narrow black. Antenna dark brown, slightly paler on pedicel and base of flagellum; short fine inconspicuous yellow setae on scape and pedicel; pedicel with short fine marginal black setae; flagellum covered by minute scale-like setae. Buccal pieces well developed. Palpus black, clearly clavate, at least twice wider on more widened region than at base, setae short and slender, inconspicuous. Occiput and gena black, gena with short, pale brown, sparse setulae; occipital margin lacking scalelike setae. Thorax black, postpronotal lobe with small pale brown to yellow dot on ventral posterior corner. Scutum with very sparse scale-like yellowish setae, except postalar callus without setae; scale-like setae on scutum more concentrated on dorsocentral and acrostichal areas forming a narrow, but distinct, complete dorsocentral row and an incomplete acrostichal row; scutellum covered by evenly sparse scale-like setae. Scutellum without deep preapical transverse groove. Anepisternum and katepisternum with scale-like setae, katepisternum with scale-like setae only at the middle of dorsal half, with short, fine yellow setae ventrally, remaining areas of the pleura lacking scale-like setae. Legs: dark brown except foretarsus pale brown, mid and hind tarsomeres 1–3 yellow with brown apex and tarsomeres 4–5 brown. Wing sub hyaline, gently infuscate on costal margin, pale brown veins; halter with brown knob. Abdomen flattened dorsoventrally; black; tergites and sternites without scale-like setae, with short and fine yellow setulae. Terminalia. Epandrium broad, epandrial lamellae covering gonocoxites ventrally and dorsally with posterior margin truncate, deeply shortened medially; cerci elongate, slender, slightly clavate, directed posteriorly, over hypoproct; hypoproct longer than cerci and slightly spatulate; gonocoxal apodeme elongate, with inner lateral medial projection; gonocoxite broad, posterior margin with a short slit in ventral view; gonostylus broad with two pointed sclerotized process directed medially; hypandrium fused to gonocoxite, in two long and slender medially directed processes; distiphallus long, deeply bifurcate with long slender arms, slightly widened apically, in ventral view; ventral apodeme in shape of a shallow shell; ejaculatory apodeme large, spatulate.

Female. Body length 4.15–5.15mm. Similar to male except as follows: some scale-like setae on ocellar tubercle and on occipital margin, and antennae wholly brown; frons wider than ocellar tubercle at narrowest portion; ocellar tubercle not protuberant; abdomen varies from black to tan brown. Wing slightly darker than in male. Terminalia ( Figs 17–18 ): Sternite 8 slightly longer than tergite 8, with posterior margin rather truncate except for two short acuminate protuberances; tergite 8 broadly rounded posteriorly; tergite 9+10 narrow and band-like.

Variations. The coloration of antenna and legs varies from black to brown.

Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin brunneus (brown) + penna (wing) in reference to coloration of wing.

Comments. Metatrichia brunneipennis sp. nov. resembles M. bulbosa by the sparse scale-like setae on thorax but differs from it in the abdomen without scale-like setae and wing brownish. Furthermore, this species shares with M. venezuelensis the abdomen without scale-like setae but can be distinguished from it by the coloration of the legs, as discussed in the key, and by the characters of the male terminalia.

This species has been the most abundantly collected in northern and northeastern Brazil and was initially misidentified as M. robusta ( Rafael & Ale 1983; Winterton & Woodley 2009). The seasonal adult population fluctuation of Metatrichia brunneipennis sp. nov. (misidentified as M. robusta ) at the Amazon Basin in northern South America revealed higher populational density during the dry season (July to December) ( Rafael & Ale 1983).

Type material. Holotype ♂ ( CZMA). Brasil (MA) (Maranhão), Mirador, Parque Est. (Estadual) do Mirador , Base da Geraldina , 402 m, 06°35’58”S- 45°50’49”W, 02–12.viii.2013, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, L.L.M. Santos & L.S. Santos.

Paratypes. Brasil, Roraima, Rorainópolis , vicinal 31, 02–19.i.2015, P.C.S. Barroso, Malaise (1♀, INPA) ; Amajarí, Tepequém , SESC, 3°44’45”S- 61°43’40”W, 15–31.iii.2016, R. Boldrini & J.A. Rafael, arm.(armadilha) susp.(suspensa) dossel (3♀, INPA) ; 1–5.iii.2016 (2♀, INPA) ; 16–31.iii.2016 (2♀, INPA) ; Amazonas, Manaus, Campus Universitário , 4.vi.1982, J.A Rafael, Armadilha de Malaise (1♀, INPA) ; EMBRAPA, 21.xii.2012, Guar- aná orgânico, 2°53’29”S – 59°68’47.8”W, Karine Shoeninger (2♀, INPA) ; Manaus, BI-2, suspensa Ig. (igarapé) clareira, 21–30.x.1997, J.A. Rafael (14♀, INPA) ; clareira suspensa baixa, 22–31.ix.1997, J.A. Rafael (2♀, INPA) ; clareira suspensa baixa Caseira , 1–11.xii.1997 (5♀, INPA) ; suspensa baixa ig.(igarapé) clareira, 10–20.x.2007 (5♀, INPA) ; clareira suspensa baixa, 01–11.xii.1997 (2♀, INPA) ; Manaus, ZF–2, Km 34, Base LBA, Arm. (armadilha) Luz no dossel, 30 m, 02°35’37”S- 60°12’39”W, 09–11.vii.2008, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier (1♀, INPA) ; Manaus, R. F. Adolpho Ducke, 31.vii.1990, Malaise, J. Vidal (2♀, INPA) ; x.2003, OL1 – 180 mts, vermelho, Armadilha suspensa 20 mts, A. Henriques et al. Legs (2♀, INPA) ; xi.2003, OL1 – 240 mts preto (1♀, INPA) ; xi.2003, NS2 – 200 mts preto (1♀, INPA) ; Parque Nacional do Jaú, Rio Unini, Bacaba , 01°45’52”S- 62°05’11”W, 14–19.vi.1996, Malaise, J.A. Rafael (1♀, INPA) ; Pará, Serra Norte, Campo rupestre, 5 a 9.ix,1983, C.N. Arcanjo, M.F. Torres, suspensa chão (1♀, MPEG 12150056 ) ; Estrada Serraria , 7 a 10.ix.1983, R. B. Neto, Malaise (1♀, MPEG 12150057 ) ; Rondônia, Ouro Preto do Oeste, Linha 212, Lote 36, Gleba 21B, 3 a 5.ix.1986, Arm. (armadilha) suspensa 16 m, F.F. Ramos (1♀, INPA) ; Maranhão, Caxias, Reserva Ecológica Inhamum , 12–15.xii.2005, Arm. (armadilha) suspensa, G.A. Cunha (2♀, CZMA) ; 19–22.xi.2005 (1♀, CZMA) ; 19–22.xii.2005 (1♀, CZMA) ; 26–30.i.2006 (1♀, CZMA) ; Caro- lina, Fazenda Cincorá, Armadilha Luminosa , 17–22.x.2009, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira & M.B. Aguirar Neto, cols. (1♀, CZMA) ; PARNA Chapada das Mesas, Riacho Sucuruiu , 240 m, 07°07’05.6”S – 47°18’31.6”W, Armadilha de Malaise , 01–10.xi.2013, J.A. Rafael, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira & T. T. A Silva cols. (4♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 01–10.x.2013 (2♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 01–15.vii.2013 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 14–30.vi.2013 (2♀, CZMA) ; 10–20.viii.2013 (2♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 20–30.ix.2013 (5♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 20–31.viii.2013 (1♂, CZMA) ; 20–31.x.2013 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 10–20.ix.2013 (3♂, 3♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 10–20.x.2013 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 01–10.viii.2013 (1♂, 1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 01–10.ix.2013 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 20–31.viii.2014 (3♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 10– 20.viii.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 10–20.ix.2014 (3♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 10–20.vii.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 01–10.vii.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 01–10.x.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Suspensa , 15–30.vi.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Suspensa , 15–31.vii.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 1–15.ix.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; Mirador, Parque Est. ( Estadual ) do Mirador , Base da Geraldina , Armadilha de Malaise , 27.vi.2006 F. Limeira-de-Oliveira (1♀, CZMA) ; 27–30.ix.2006 (3♀ CZMA) ; 23.ix.2006 (4♀ CZMA) ; 29.ix.2006 (1♀, CZMA) ; 22–26.x.2006 (2♀ CZMA) ; 01–09.viii.2006 (3♀ CZMA) ; 05.vi.2007 (1♀ CZMA) ; 06°37’25”S- 45°52’08”W, Armadilha suspensa, 13–19.x.2912, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, L.L.M. Santos & L.S. Santos (11♀ CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 18.viii.2012, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, J.S. Pinto Júnior & D.W.A. Marques (3♀, CZMA) ; 02–12.viii.2013, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, L.L.M. Santos & L.S. Santos (3♀, CZMA) ; 10–20.xi.2013 (2♀, CZMA) ; 10–20.xii.2013 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 15–30.ix.2014 (7♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 15– 31.vii.2014 (2♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 01–15.ix.2013 (2♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 01–15.ix.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 01–15.vi.2014 (1♀ CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 01–10.x.2013 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 01–10.xi.2013 (2♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa 20–31.x.2013 (2♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 12–20.viii.2013 (4♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 10–20.x.2013 (4♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha Malaise , 01–15.viii.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; Armadilha suspensa, 01–15.vi.2014 (1♀, CZMA) ; 06°48’29”S- 45°06’34”W, Base dos Cágados, Armadilha Malaise , 27.ix.2002 (3♀, CZMA) ; 21–26.viii.2016 (1♀, CZMA) ; A.(Alto Parnaiba, Baln. (balneário) Brejo do Campo , Varredura , 13–15.x.2004, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira (1♀, CZMA) ; Piauí, Caracol, Parque Nacional Serra da Confusões , Sobrado , 529 m, 09°12’49.4”S- 43°29’46.6”W, Armadilha suspensa (3 m), 01–10.viii.2013, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira (2♀, CZMA) ; Ceará, Ubajara, Parque Nacional de Ubajara , Cachoeira do Cafundó , 03°50’13”S- 40°54’35”W, Armadilha Malaise, 18–30.xi.2012, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, D.W.A. Marques (1♀, CZMA) . PERU, Cusco, Capiri, Rio Araza , 13°25’35”S- 70°54’19”W, 1260 m, 29.viii.2012, sweep, J.A Rafael, R. R. Cavichioli (1♀, INPA) .

Other Material Examined. COSTA RICA: Guanacaste Province: 3 km SE R . Naranjo, 21 May 1993, F.D. Parker (2 ♀, CSCA) .

Figures

FIGURES 5–9. Metatrichia brunneipennis sp. nov.. Male: 5, habitus, lateral view; 6, female, head, anterior view; 7, male, head, anterior view; 8, female, scutum, dorsal view; 9, male, abdomen, dorsal view.

FIGURES 15–18. Metatrichia brunneipennis sp. nov.. 15–16, Male terminalia, ventral and dorsal view. 17–18. Female terminalia, dorsal and ventral view. Scale lines: 0.3 mm.