Bromus secalinus Linnaeus (1753: 76)
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.185.1.1 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5156712 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0389862D-DE19-00F7-E3DB-FF7CE5DE1D39 |
treatment provided by |
Felipe |
scientific name |
Bromus secalinus Linnaeus (1753: 76) |
status |
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21. Bromus secalinus Linnaeus (1753: 76) View in CoL . Fig. 67 View FIGURE 67 .
Bromus mollis var. secalinus View in CoL (L.) Hudson (1778: 49). Avena secalina View in CoL (L.) Salisbury (1796: 22). Serrafalcus secalinus (L.) Babington (1843: 374). Forasaccus secalinus View in CoL (L.) Bubani (1901: 388). Type:—EUROPE. habitat in Europae agris secalinis arenosis, Anon. (neotype LINN-93.1!, designated by Smith 1985: 498).
Bromus submuticus Steudel (1854: 351) View in CoL . Type:— UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Missouri: St. Louis, 1838, N. Riehl s.n. (isotype US-865472 ! fragm.).
Plants annual. Culms 23–130 cm tall, 1–5(–7) mm wide at base, smooth; nodes 3–5, finely to densely retrorsely pubescent, hairs 0.1–0.4 mm long. Leaf sheaths glabrous or sparsely pilose, hairs soft, 0.5–0.6 mm long; auricles absent; ligules 1.7–2.8 mm long, glabrous, apex erose; blades 8–28.5 cm × 2–9 mm, flat, abaxial surface pilose, hairs up to 1.5(–2) mm long, soft and wavy, adaxial surface glabrous with occasional hairs up to 0.5 mm long, margins smooth. Panicles 11–22 cm × 2–9 cm, open, branches stiffly erect, sometimes secund, one or more lower branches usually longer than spikelet, smooth to scabrous, 1–3 spikelets per branch. Spikelets 1–2 cm long, 5–12- flowered, ovate-lanceolate, terete to slightly compressed, rachilla zigzagged and visible at maturity; glumes glabrous or scabrous, margins serrulate, midnerves glabrous, occasionally scabrous distally; lower glumes 3.6–4.9 mm long, oblong to ovate, 3–5(–7)-nerved; upper glumes 4.2–6.1 mm long, ovate to elliptic, 7–nerved, sometimes mucronate, mucros 0.2–0.6 mm long; lemmas 6–7.7 mm × 1.6–3 mm, obovate-lanceolate, apex entire or minutely bifid, the cleft 0.1–0.2 mm deep, 7–9-nerved, nerves not conspicuous, backs glabrous and shiny, occasionally scabrous distally, margins dinstinctly inrolled in fruit; awns 1–6.5 mm long, occasionally reduced to mucro or absent, arising 0.5–0.7 mm below lemma apex, usually straight, occasionally twisted once near base, widest at base; paleas ± equal in length to lemmas, apex usually visible at lemma summit, backs glabrous, keels ciliate, cilia up to 0.3 mm long; anthers 1–1.3 mm long; caryopses 6−7 mm long, U- or V-shaped, margins strongly infolded in cross section. 2 n = 28.
Distribution: —Introduced. Bromus secalinus is known in México from two collections from Veracruz ( Fig. 68 View FIGURE 68 ); Beetle (1987) noted that the species is not established in Veracruz. Its current status in México is unknown. Bromus secalinus is native to Europe. In North America north of México it occurs throughout the U.S.A. and southern Canada ( Pavlick & Anderton 2007).
128 Phytotaxa 185 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press
SAARELA ET AL.
Ecology:— Waste places and fields. Elevation: 2100–2135 m . Common Names: —cheat, cheat chess, cheatgrass, chess, chess brome, ryebrome, ryebrome (English). Specimens Examined:— MÉXICO. Veracruz: La Joya, 19.56667°N, 96.5°W, 2100 m, 9 September 1980 GoogleMaps ,
M.T. Mejía Saulés M-212 (ARIZ-233857, MEXU-1098058); Mpio. Rafael Ramirez, Toxtlacuayan, 2135 m,
19.6167°N, 97.07°W, 16 September 1982, T GoogleMaps . Mejía S. 949 (MEXU).
T |
Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics |
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Bromus secalinus Linnaeus (1753: 76)
Saarela, Jeffery M., Peterson, Paul M. & Valdés-Reyna, Jesus 2014 |
Bromus submuticus
Steudel, E. G. 1854: ) |
Bromus mollis var. secalinus
Smith, P. M. 1985: 498 |
Bubani, P. 1901: 388 |
Babington, C. C. 1843: 374 |
Salisbury, R. A. 1796: 22 |
Hudson, W. 1778: 49 |