Reyna, Saarela & Peterson & Valdés-Reyna, 2014

Saarela, Jeffery M., Peterson, Paul M. & Valdés-Reyna, Jesus, 2014, A taxonomic revision of Bromus (Poaceae: Pooideae: Bromeae) in México and Central America, Phytotaxa 185 (1), pp. 1-147 : 61-68

6. Bromus catharticus Vahl (1791: 22) . Figs. 21–23 .

Ceratochloa cathartica (Vahl) Herter (1940: 144) . Type:— PERU. In siccis cultis prope Lima, J. Dombey s.n. (lectotype P-JU, designated by Pinto-Escobar 1976: 12, isolectotype P-00624390 !) .

Festuca unioloides Willdenow (1803a: 3 , pl. 2). Ceratochloa unioloides (Willd.) Palisot de Beauvois (1812: 75 , t. 15, f. 7). Bromus unioloides (Willd.) Raspail (1825: 439) , nom. hom. illeg. Bromus willdenowii Kunth (1829: 134) . Tragus

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Phytotaxa 185 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press 61 unioloides (Willd.) Panzer ex Jackson (1895: 1099) , nom. illeg. Type :— UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Cultivated : grown at Berlin from seed from Carolinas, USA (holotype B-Willd.-02103!) .

Bromus unioloides Kunth in Humboldt et al. (1816: 151). Schedonorus unioloides (Kunth) Roemer & Schultes (1817: 709) . Zerna unioloides (Kunth) Lindman (1918: 101) . Type:— ECUADOR. Pichincha, Humboldt & Bonpland 2286 (holotype P-00669420!, isotypes P-00152246!, US-01009587! fragm. ex P, BAA-00001639!).

Bromus brongniartii Kunth (1833: 421) , replacement name. Replaced name: Bromus strictus Brongniart in Duperrey (1829 [1831]: 45) nom. hom. illeg. Blocking name: Bromus strictus Scopoli (1772: 79) . Type:— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: 1825, D’Urville s.n. (holotype P-00624387!, isotypes US-00601098! fragm. ex P, BAA fragm.).

Ceratochloa haenkeana Presl (1830: 285) . Bromus haenkeanus (J.S. Presl) Kunth (1833: 416) . Bromus unioloides var. haenkeanus (J.S. Presl) Shear (1900: 52) . Type:— CHILE. T. Haenke s.n. (holotype PR, isotypes MO-128816!, US- A0865713! fragm. ex PR).

Ceratochloa secunda Presl (1830: 285) . Bromus preslii Kunth (1833: 416 , 545), replacement name. Blocking name: Bromus secundus Presl (1830: 263) . Type:— PERU. T. Haenke s.n. (holotype PR, isotype US-A0865714! fragm. ex PR).

Ceratochloa breviaristata Hooker (1840: 253) . Forasaccus breviaristatus (Hook.) Lunell (1915: 225) . Type:— UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Lewis and Clark's River and near sources of the Columbia, 1826, Douglas s.n. (holotype K, isotype US-A0865710! fragm. ex K).

Bromus unioloides var. sanjuaninus Hieronymus (1881: 69) . Type :— ARGENTINA. San Juan: December 1875, S. Echegary s.n. (holotype CORD-00001541!, isotypes BAA-00001645! fragm. ex CORD) .

Bromus angustatus Pilger (1898: 719) . Type:— BOLIVIA. La Paz, Lake Titicaca Stübel 60C (holotype B, isotype US- A0865509 ! fragm. ex B).

Bromus unioloides var. montanus Hackel in Stuckert (1904: 144). Type:— ARGENTINA. Córdoba: Cueva del arroyo de los tabaquillos, Sierra de Achala , 2200 m, 24 December 1901, T. Stuckert 10855 (holotype W-19160013939!, isotype US- A0865477 fragm. ex W, CORD-00001540!).

Bromus unioloides f. chasmogama subf. achalensis Hackel in Stuckert (1911: 172). Type:— ARGENTINA. Córdoba: Estancia Pampa de San Luis, Achala , 2000 m, T. Stuckert 20651 (holotype W-19160032887!, isotype CORD) .

Plants annual, biennial or short-lived perennial, not rhizomatous. Culms 20–120 cm tall, 2–4(–5) mm wide at base, erect or decumbent, glabrous below inflorescences; nodes 3–4, glabrous. Leaf sheaths pubescent or pilose, hairs up to 1.2 mm long; auricles absent; ligules 2–5(–6) mm long, lacerate, glabrous or pubescent; blades up to 32 cm × 2–10 mm, usually flat, sometimes conduplicate, adaxial surfaces scabrous or pubescent on the nerves, hairs up to 0.5 mm long, glabrous between the nerves, abaxial surfaces glabrous to weakly pubescent, margins serrulate. Panicles 8–30(–36) cm long, ± open, nodding, branches erect to ascending, scabrous, up to 5 spikelets per branch. Spikelets 1.5–3(–3.5) cm long, elliptic to lanceolate, 4–11-flowered, strongly laterally compressed; glumes glabrous, scabrous, or pubescent, margins hyaline, midnerves glabrous to scabrous distally, apices acute to obtuse; lower glumes 6–12 mm long, lanceolate, 3–7-nerved, green to purplish-green along and between the nerves; upper glumes 8–14 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, 9(–11)-nerved, green to purplish-green along and between the nerves; lemmas 10–20 mm long, obovate-lanceolate, strongly keeled, apices acute to obtuse, 7–11-nerved, green, greenishyellow or purplish-green along and between the nerves, glabrous or scabrous, margins hyaline, nerves glabrous to scabrous distally; awns 0.5–3.5(−4) mm long, inserted up to 0.5 mm below lemma apex, straight; paleas shorter and narrower than the lemmas, backs glabrous, strongly keeled, keels ciliate, cilia up to 0.2 mm long; anthers 0.5–1.3 mm long; caryopses 8−10 mm long, light brown. 2 n = 42 ( Klos et al. 2009).

Distribution:―Introduced. In México B. catharticus is known from Aguascalientes, Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Distrito Federal, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Estado de México, Nuevo León, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas. Also known from Costa Rica (San José), Guatemala (Quezaltenango) and Panama (Chiriqui) ( Fig. 24 ). The species is native to South America, introduced in Central America, México and across the southern United States ( Pavlick & Anderton 2007) and in Europe, Australia and New Zealand ( Forde & Edgar 1995).

Ecology:— This species is widely distributed primarily in disturbed habitats along roadsides, washes and rocky slopes in pine-oak woodlands; associated with Pinus Linnaeus (1753: 1000) spp. , Quercus spp. , Kochia scoparia ( Linnaeus 1753: 221) Schrader (1809: 85) , Bidens Linnaeus (1753: 831) , Salsola Linnaeus (1753: 222) , Chenopodium album Linnaeus (1753: 219) and Parthenium incanum Kunth in Humboldt (1818: 204). Elevation: 2200–2400 m ( Guatemala), 1200–2700 m ( Costa Rica), 5–100 m ( México, Baja California), 1370–3130 m ( México, except Baja California).

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Common Name: ―Rescue grass, rescue brome, prairie grass (English); bromo cebadilla, cebadilla, zacate de rescate (Spanish).

Comments: ― Bromus catharticus was not reported from Guatemala by Swallen & McClure (1955) or from Panama by D'Arcy (1987). Plants in México are referable to B. catharticus var. catharticus , one of three varieties currently recognized in the species. Bromus catharticus var. rupestris ( Spegazzini 1896: 76) Planchuelo & P.M. Peterson in Peterson & Planchuelo (1998: 54) is known from central and southwest Argentina, and B. catharticus var. elatus (E. Desv. in Gay 1854: 438) Planchuelo (2006: 556) is native to South America and introduced in California and New Zealand ( Planchuelo 2006). In México the species is used as fodder ( Saulés & Dávila Aranda 1992).

Specimens Examined:― COSTA RICA. San José: Cartago, San Blas, Faldas del Irazú , 9.76°N, 83.68°W, 1500m, 23 June 1982, J . Gómez-Laurito 8609 (CR-88908); Cantón de Montes de Oca , 100m Wof Calle La Cruz, Ciudad Universitaria, 9.93°N, 84.05°W, 1200 m, 15 August 1990, M . Grayum 9931 (INB-60062); Dota, Copey , 9.5472°N, 83.8161°W, 2179 m, 22 February 2001, A . Estrada 2790, J . Sánchez & J . Solano (CR-227492); Pérez Zeledón , R. F . Los Santos, Cuenca de Savegre, San Gerardo de Dota , 9.72°N, 83.85°W, 2300–2700 m, 20 June 2004 ( INB) ; San José, Jardín del Museo , 9.9333°N, 84.0833°W, 17 July 1942, I . Valio R . 1400 ( US-2183494 ) . GUATEMALA. Quezaltenango: near Quezaltenango , [14.83°N, 91.52°W], 2280–2400 m, 18 February–3 March 1939, P. C . Standley 66424 (F-987700); Quezaltenango Experimental Station , [14.83°N, 91.52°W], 2200 m, 7 November 1971, A . MolinaR . & AR. Molina 26947 (F-1736399, MICH-1119168 ); Común , floraciónprecoz, casi todo el año, 14.88°N, 89.53°W, 10 June 1954, M . de Koninck 48 ( US-2151630 ) . MÉXICO. Aguascalientes: Mpio . Aguascalientes, Arellano , 21.6167°N, 102.28°W, 1 February 1978, L. R . Chávez s.n. ( MEXU-300782 ); Pabellón de Arteaga , 22.125°N, 102.275°W, July 1985, E . Esparza Lugo 2 ( MEXU-1110851 ) . Baja California: 3 km Nof Maneadero , 32.7667°N, 116.55°W, 5 m, 12 August 1977, R . Moran 24510 ( SD-97752 ); Cantamar ,

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32.2292°N, 116.9208°W, 5 m, 4 August 1979, R. Moran 27944 (SD-104328); Cantamar, 32.2333°N, 116.9°W, 20 m, 29 April 1972, R. Moran 19106 (SD-83043, MSC-276879); City of Ensenada, 31.8694°N, 116.6156°W, 31 March 2007, F. Casillas 74 (SD-182570); La Mesa, 32.5°N, 116.9667°W, 30 m, 21 May 1977, R. Moran 24142 (SD-97259); Puesta del Sol, Tijuana, 32.5333°N, 117.0708°W, 100 m, 2 November 1980, R. Moran 29446 (SD- 107261); Tecate, just Sof the border, [32.57°N, 116.63°W], 14 March 1987, R.F. Thorne, A. Liston & O. Mistretta 62109 (RSA-POM-431038); Tijuana River bottom, 32.5333°N, 117.0167°W, 20 m, 18 April 1981, R. Moran 29551 (SD-108522). Chihuahua: camino al Willis, rancho Mesa de la Avena Casas Grandes, 2570 m, 29 May 1981, R. Fierros 1270 (MEXU-1110835); km 58 carr. Bachiniva-Alvaro Obregón, [28.1278°N, 106.9139°W], 1920 m, 18 May 1994, G. Quintana & E. Estrada 2503 (NY); Ciudad Juárez, [31.739444° N, 106.486944°W], 1911, E. Stearns s.n. (NY). Coahuila: 12 mi Sof Saltillo, 25.25°N, 101°W, 1830 m, 10 August 1958, J.R. Reeder & C.G. Reeder 2911 (US-2473582); 12.9 km Eof Los Lirios on road to Laguna de Sánchez, [25.24°N, 100.42°W], 60 km SE of Saltillo, 2500 m, 9 October 1988, P.M. Peterson & C.R. Annable 6265 (CAN, US); 13 km NNE of Saltillo along Hwy. 40, 25.45°N, 101.17°W, 21 June 1964, G. Mick & K. Roe 26 (US-2630292); 2 mi W of Saltillo, road to Torreón, [25.43°N, 100.99°W], 1525 m, 2 July 1939, L.H. Harvey 1102 (MICH-1119205); 21 km SE of Saltillo on Hwy. 57 towards Matehuala, 25.247°N, 100.91°W, 2460 m, 19 September 2001, P.M. Peterson & J. Valdés-Reyna 15808 (CAN, US); 26 mi Eof Saltillo, 25.4167°N, 101.4°W, 2316 m, 3 September 1960, J.R. Reeder, C.G. Reeder & T.R. Soderstrom 3293 (US-2473584); 5 mi SE of Saltillo on Wside MEX Hwy. 57, [25.43°N, 100.99°W], 15 December 1973, A.A. Reznicek & R.S.W. Bobbette et al. 8 (MICH-1119172); Buenavista, [26.55°N, 101.267°W], 1770 m, November 1974, J. Marroquín et al. 2323 (ANSM) & 2315 (ANSM); Buenavista, jardínes y terrenos de la U.A.A.A.N., [25.4333°N, 101.0167°W], 1850 m, 4 March 1981, J.A. Villarreal s.n. (ANSM); Buenavista, Saltillo, [25.4333°N, 101.0167°W], 1770 m, 9 September 1975, R. Pelomo Garza s.n. (ANSM); ca. 2 mi Wof Cuatro Ciénegas, 26.95°N, 102.1°W, 22 April 1965, F.W. Gould 11176 (US-2474067); campus of La Escuela Superior de Agricultura, Buenavista, ca. 5 mi SE of Saltillo, 27.53°N, 103°W, 18 June 1952, F.W. Gould 6382 (MICH-1119206, mixed sheet with B. carinatus var. marginatus ); grounds of Escuela Superior de Agricultura, Buenavista, Saltillo, [25.43°N, 100.99°W], 19 July 1963, F.W. Gould & D. Watson 10497 (MICH- 1119204); Hotel Americana, Nueva Rosita, 27.95°N, 101.2167°W, 22 April 1965, F.W. Gould 11167 (US- 2474069); Maderas del Carmen, 13.5 mi NE of Los Pilares, 28.9497°N, 102.59°W, 2309 m, 21 September 2007, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela, S. Lara Contreras & J. Reyna Álvarez 20967 (CAN, MO, US); Maderas del Carmen,

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Phytotaxa 185 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press 65 wooded canyon above Campo El Dos, 28.9899°N, 102.61°W, 2280 m, 8 September 2005, P.M. Peterson & J. Valdés-Reyna 18907 (CAN, MO, US); Mpio. Arteaga, Ejido La Efigenia, [25.49°N, 100.84°W], 2460 m, 22 July 1993, J. Garza 6 (MEXU-298114); Mpio. Hidalgo, Orilla del Río Bravo, [27.7033°N, 99.7594°W], 15 April 1999, A. Mora-Olivo & J. Mora-López 7507 (MEXU); Mpio. Saltillo, Jardín Botánico UAAAN, exhacienda Buenavista, 25.3558°N, 100.97°W, 1770 m, 1 December 2009, R. Hernández A. & E. Carmona P. (ANSM); roadside on outskirts of Villa Unión, 12 mi SE of Allende, 28.2167°N, 100.7167°W, 20 April 1965, F.W. Gould 11128 (US- 2474040); Saltillo, 25.4167°N, 101°W, June 1931, J.R. Swallen s.n. (US-1504935); Sierra de Parras, ca. 2 km antes del ojo de agua, 25.4333°N, 100.45°W, 1500 m, 20 March 1981, A. Roríguez & M.A. Carranza s.n. (ANSM); Sierra Hermosa, hacia el Wrumbo al Cañón del Carbón, 25.3333°N, 100.65°W, 2320 m, 8 August 1979, R. López A. s.n. (ANSM); Canyon Hundido on Nside of Pico Centinela, Sierra del Jardín, 8 km Eof Rancho El Jardín by winding road, 29.0167°N, 102.6167°W, 1500–2250 m, 27 July 1973, M.C. Johnston, F. Chiang, T.L. Wendt & D. Riskind 11797 (NY); 4.6 mi Wof Rancho Ganadero "Los Angeles ", 25.1486°N, 101.0731°W, 2064 m, 5 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela, K. Romaschenko & J. Valdés-Reyna 23124 (US); Mpio. Saltillo, 38 km Sof Saltillo on Hwy. 54 towards Zacatecas, at Carneros Pass, Sierra La Concordia, 25.1194°N, 101.1103°W, 2192 m, 5 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela, K. Romaschenko & J. Valdés-Reyna 23089 (US); Arteaga, 1 km Eof San Antonio, 25.2672°N, 100.5686°W, 2146 m, 19 September 2012, P.M. Peterson, K. Romaschenko & J. Valdés-Reyna 24565 (US). Distrito Federal: alrededores de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológias, [19.42°N, 99.13°W], 2240 m, 17 January 1981, E. Carrillo M. 191 (RSA-POM-356513); alrededores de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológias, [19.42°N, 99.13°W], 2450 m, 4 December 1975, S. Hernández V. 1075 (RSA- POM-356194, US); camino al Desierto de los Leones km 16, [19.34°N, 99.24°W], 17 October 1985, A. Miranda & P. Guerrero 165-A (MEXU-1110838); Chapultepec, Ciudad de México, [19.42°N, 99.13°W], 2250 m, 17 January 1976, M.D. Montesinos 177 (RSA-POM-356522); cultivo en la parcela experimental del Instituto Nacional de Ortop, [19.42°N, 99.13°W], 21 June 1981, R. Torres 13 (RSA-POM-361174); El Rosario, 19.24°N, 99.01°W, 23 August 1936, L.H. MacDaniels 679 (F-867748); Jardínes de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Ciudad de México, [19.42°N, 99.13°W], 2250 m, 7 November 1963, R. Cruz Cisneros 14 (MICH-1119207); Santa Rosa Xochiac, Delegacíon Alvaro Obregón, [19.32°N, 99.29°W], 2700 m, 16 October 1985, A. Miranda & P. Guerrero 128 (MEXU-1110775). Durango: Mpio. Durango, Cristóbal, 24.06°N, 104.58°W, 1860 m, August 1996, R. Rangel R. 232 (MEXU-1009255); 2 km al Sde Nombre de Dios, po la terraceria aledana al riod de Nombre de Dios, [23.85°N, 104.233333°W], 25 April 1985, Y. Herrera 601 (NY). Guanajuato: 0.5 km Eof Jofre, 21.5181°N, 100.5°W, 2301 m, 16 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela, K. Romaschenko, J. Herrera-Simoni & M. Herrera-Simoni 23409 (US); 0.5 km Eof Jofre, 21.5239°N, 100.4803°W, 2146 m, 16 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela, K. Romaschenko, J. Herrera-Simoni & M. Herrera-Simoni 23431 (US); 0.5 km Eof Jofre, 21.5253°N, 100.4739°W, 1901 m, 16 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela, K. Romaschenko, J. Herrera- Simoni & M. Herrera-Simoni 23439 (US); 3 km Nof Marsa de Jesús, 21.5139°N, 100.4367°W, 2300–2688 m, 16 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela, K. Romaschenko, J. Herrera-Simoni & M. Herrera-Simoni 23473 (US). Hidalgo: 4 km al Sde Pachuca, [20.17°N, 98.73°W], 2300 m, 19 June 1966, J.J. Rzedowski 22433 (MICH- 1119200, MSC-216922); Tailings dam from Loreto Mill, Santa Julia near Venta Prieta, [20.08°N, 98.78°W], 17 June 1947, H.E. Moore, Jr. 3084 (GH). Jalisco: Fraccionamiento Las Fuentes, Guadalajara, [20.71°N, 103.35°W], 1 June 1977, L. Belden 6 (MEXU-203828). Estado de México: carretera Zumpango-Zitlaltepec, [19.75°N, 99.12°W], 30 July 1981, R. Guzmán 3891 (MEXU-1110859); Chalco de Díaz Covarrubias, Rancho Atoyac, 19.8333°N, 98.8833°W, February 1983, Espinosa & Molina 12 (MEXU); por la carretera Los Reyes a Zumpango, km 8, 30 July 1981, R. Guzmán 3888 (MEXU-110837); Rancho La Plar, Ixtapaluca, [19.31°N, 98.89°W], 3 February 1983, Espinosa & Molina 10 (MEXU-678287); SantaMaría Ajoloapan, [19.98°N, 99.05°W], 23 September 1982, Espinosa & Molina 6 (MEXU-678291); Mpio. Chalco, San Pablo Atlazalpan, [19.22°N, 98.91°W], 2200 m, 24 November 1984, A. Ventura A. 4348 (MICH-1116165, mixed sheet with B. carinatus var. marginatus, NY ); Mpio. Chiautla, Papalotla, [19.56°N, 98.86°W], 23 February 1983, 2200 m, E. Ventura V. 569 (RSA-POM-356813); Mpio. Texcoco, Lomas de Cristo, [19.47°N, 98.89°W], 2250 m, 18 June 1984, E. Ventura V. 2168 (F-2148435, NY); Mpio. Zumpango, San Juan Zitlaltepec, [19.79°N, 99.1°W], 2250 m, 9 December 1979, E. Ortega H. 329 (RSA-POM-356527); Rancho La Asunción, NW de Tlapizahuac, 19.28°N, 98.91°W, 2250 m, 5 June 1966, M. Villegas D. 527 (MICH-1119208, MSC-234188). Nuevo León: along road up to Cerro Potosí, 24.8875°N, 100.21°W, 2884 m, 21 October 2007, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela & D. Stancik 21452 (CAN, MO, US); El Cedral, Sierra de Arteaga 30 km al Ede San Antonio de las Alazanas, 25.1833°N, 100.1167°W, 2800 m, 6

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September 1994, J.A. Villarreal, M.A. Carranza & J.A. Encina 7914 (ANSM); El Tokio, Galeana, [24.6808°N, 100.2397°W], 1650 m, 19 July 1999, E. Estrada C. 10267 (ANSM); Sierra La Lagunita, 13.5 mi SE of Aramberri on road towards Agua Fría, 24.0533°N, 99.74°W, 2153 m, 20 September 2002, P.M. Peterson, J. Valdés-Reyna & M. Sosa Morales 16711a ( US); El Manzano, Santiago, [25.3678°N, 100.2°W], 1495 m, 4 August 2004, E. Estrada et al. 15976 (ANSM); Sierra El Pinal Alto, 3.7 mi Nof San Pablo, 25.0992°N, 100.42°W, 2640 m, 10 September 2005, P.M. Peterson & J. Valdés-Reyna 18944 (CAN, MO, US); Terraceria Villa de García-Icamole km 8, [25.84°N, 100.66°W], 5 July 1993, N. Bazaldúa et al. 94 (MEXU-1099423). Puebla: 3 km ESE of Puebla- Tlaxcala state border, on MEX Hwy. 136 just Eof El Carmen, between Apizaco and Zacatepec, 19.3°N, 97.62°W, 2400 m, 4 July 1978, G.J. Breckon et al. 2327A (MEXU-713492). Querétaro: Mpio. San Juan del Río, Ribera del Río San Juan, 1978 m, 30 June 2003, P. Cervantes Adriana s.n. (ANSM); Mpio. Tequisquiapan, Rancho Alegre, al Oriente de San Juan del Río, 20.3833°N, 99.92°W, 28 February 1988, M.L. Arreguín 832 (F-2162873, US- 3320109); El Batan, [20.5°N, 100.4167°W], 2000 m, 5 April 1981, E. Arguelles 1567 (MEXU). San Luis Potosí: 25 km al Nde San Luis Potosí, por la carretera que va hacia Zacatecas, [22.3°N, 101.1456°W], 2060 m, 10 March 1984, J.A. Andrade A. 134 (ANSM); Mpio. San Nicolás Tolentino, San Martín de Abajo, 22.25°N, 100.57°W, 1370 m, 15 July 1981, H. Bravo Monreal 71 (MEXU-1014227); Canyon NW of Real de Catorce at abandoned silver mine, 23.6942°N, 100.8944°W, 1965 m, 10 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela & K. Romaschenko 23256 ( US); Sierra del Jórdan, Sierra de Catorce, 23.5358°N, 100.8467°W, 2013 m, 11 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela & K. Romaschenko 23316 ( US); 5 mi SE of Sierra del Jórdan, Sierra de Catorce, 23.5206°N, 100.7961°W, 2033 m, 11 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela & K. Romaschenko 23335 ( US); 9.4 mi SE of Villa Zaragoza on road towards La Salitrera, 2270 m, 14 September 2010, P.M. Peterson, J.M. Saarela, K. Romaschenko, J. Herrera-Simoni & M. Herrera-Simoni 23390 ( US). Sonora: Puerto Penasco, Nedge of town at junction of MEX Hwy. 8 and road to Bahia de la Cholla, [31.32°N, 113.54°W], 25 June 1985, R.S. Felger 85-771 (ARIZ-262110, ARIZ-277121, MSC-292067); Sonoyta, at junction of MEX Hwy. 2 and 8, [31.43°N, 113.34°W], 26 February 1987, R.S. Felger, F. Lizarraga & C. Baker 87-14 (ARIZ-269900, MSC- 365390, SD-127105); Yécora, [28.3736°N, 108.93°W], 1540 m, 27 May 1996, T.R. Van Devender, A.L. Reina, A. Burquez M., V.W. Steinmann & W. Trauba 96-231 (ARIZ-328741, RSA-POM-593661); Mpio. de Imuris, Rancho Aribabi, Río Cocospera, 31.8 km NE of junction with MEX 15 in Imuris on road to Cananea ( MEX 2), 30.8889°N, 110.78°W, 1000 m, 22 April 2004, T.R. Van Devender, A.L. Reina, S.C. Doan, G.M. Ferguson & Z. Liu 2004 -259 (ASU-0010726); Mpio. de Nacozari de Garcia, Rancho Agua Caliente (Río Bavispe drainage), 23.2 km (by road) SE of Esqueda, 30.7389°N, 109.492°W, 903 m, 11 April 2003, T.R. Van Devender, A.L. Reina & G. Anderston 2003 -471 (ASU-0010735); Yécora, 28.0681°N, 107.8389°W, 1540 m, 29 May 1998, T.R. Van Devender, A.L. Reina G., J.A. Emmett & A.M. Salywon 98-753 (ARIZ-347795, NY); NW part of town at crossing of river ca. 1 km Wof bridge, Río Sonoyta, Sonoyta, [31.1542°N, 111.8456°W], 9 April 1986, R.S. Felger & R. Valenzuela López 86-94 (ARIZ-263956); Playa Los Vidrios, Pinacate Región, [32.0333°N, 113.4167°W], 230 m, 7 October 1981, E. Ezcurra, M. Equihua & J. López-Portillo s.n. (ARIZ-270771); 1 km Sof Río Sonoyta, Sonoyta, 31.85°N, 112.8336°W, 450 m, 28 April 1991, R. Felger & A. Quijada-Mascarenas 91-2 (ARIZ-327503); Mpio. Cucurpe, Saracachi Ciénega, on Río Saracachi just Wof Rancho Agua Frfa, 12.4 mi NNE of Cucurpe by road, 30.3597°N, 110.5889°W, 940 m, T.R. Van Devender & P.D. Jenkins 91-652 (ARIZ-342010); Mpio. de Agua, Arroyo Guadalupe, 4.7 km Sof MEX 2 on road to Colonia Morelos (E of Agua Prieta), 31.2944°N, 109.1764°W, 1175 m, 3 May 2007, T.R. Van Devender & A.L. Reina G. 2007 -535 (ARIZ-384457); near Observatorio Astrofisico ''Guillermo Haro'', Sierra la Mariquita, 9.4 km (by air) NNW of Cananea, 31.0544°N, 110.3825°W, 2440 m, 19 September 2010, A.L. Reina-G., T.R. Van Devender, J.J. Sánchez-E., C. Roll & J. Sartain 2010-963 (ARIZ- 406779); Rancho Bábaco headquarters, 28.3 km (by air) NNE of Sahuaripa, 29.2975°N, 109.1386°W, 775 m, 1 April 2011, T.R. Van Devender, A.L. Reina-G., H. Duarte-Robles, M.A. Gómez-R., C.A. Guitérrez-G & J.P. Gómez- M. 2011-114 (ARIZ-409973); Hwy. 89 at La Volanta Ranch Rd., 1.7 mi Sof Mututucachi, Sierra de los Ajos, 30.7167°N, 110.0000°W, 1130 m, 24 April 1995, M. Fishbein, S. McMahon & K. Hooper 2355 (ARIZ-319047); Agua Caliente, 19 km Nof Imuris, 5 km Nof Mesa del Romero on MEX 15, 30.9531°N, 110.8525°W, 980 m, T.R. Van Devender, A.L. Reina G., J.J. Sánchez E., O. Guiterrez & E. Gomez L. 2001 -756 (ARIZ-360326). Tlaxcala: Apizaco, 8 November 1980, H. Vibrans s.n. (F-2174966). Veracruz: Mpio. Perote, Comunidad El Conejo camino al Cofre de Perote, 19.5322°N, 97.1553°W, 3300 m, 28 March 1995, P.J. Parroquín 87 (MEXU-1097980); San Antonio, 27 April 1974, 1400 m, F. Ventura A. 9960 (MICH-1119211); Mpio. Acajete, La Joya, 19.1117°N, 96.9819°W, 2100 m, M.T. Mejía Saulés 210 (ARIZ-233858). Zacatecas: Mpio. Zacatecas, Camp Agrícolla de la

ATAXONOMIC REVISION OF BROMUS (POACEAE)

Phytotaxa 185 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press 67

Escuela de Agronomía de la U . A .Z., ca. 2350 m, 5 April 1990, J . J . Balleza C . 2739 ( ANSM). PANAMA. Chiriqui: Distrito de Bugaba, Alrededores de Las Nubes , [8.49°N, 82.62°W], ca. 2000 m, 17 May 1996, C . Galdames, M . Correa, L . Guillén, B . Araún, J . Deago & C . Guerra 2943 (F-2235273, MO, NY) .

Figures

FIGURE 21. Bromus catharticus. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence. C. Spikelet. D. Lemma. Illustration by C.T. Roché, reproduced from Barkworth et al. (2007) with permission.

FIGURE 22. Bromus catharticus. Rzedowski 22433 (MICH-1119200).

FIGURE 23. Bromus catharticus inflorescence, Coahuila, México (Peterson et al. 23124). Photo: J.M. Saarela.

FIGURE 24. Geographical distribution of Bromus catharticus in México and Central America