Androthrips Karny, 1911

Mound, Laurence A. & Minaei, Kambiz, 2007, Australian thrips of the Haplothrips lineage (Insecta: Thysanoptera), Journal of Natural History 41 (45 - 48), pp. 2919-2978 : 2936-2937

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222930701783219

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038987F5-9630-FF12-FDEE-FEA9FE52FC97

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Androthrips Karny
status

 

Androthrips Karny View in CoL

Androthrips Karny 1911, p 560 View in CoL . Type species: Mesothrips melastomae Zimmermann. View in CoL

The species in this genus are considered ‘‘gall thrips’’ but they are probably kleptoparasites or predators rather than gall inducers. A total of 12 species have been named, but apart from a key to five species from India ( Ananthakrishnan and Sen 1980), most of these cannot be identified without re-examining original material. Of these named species, 11 are from the Oriental Region: four were described from India or Sri Lanka, four from Indonesia between Java and Papua, and one each from China, Taiwan, and the Philippines. The 12th species is based on a single male specimen from Cameroon that is presumed to have been lost ( Pitkin and Mound 1973).

Androthrips monsterae (Moulton)

Podothrips monsterae Moulton 1940, p 267 View in CoL .

Androthrips monsterae (Moulton) Ritchie 1974, p 264 View in CoL .

Described from two females and one male taken on the leaves of Monstera deliciosa View in CoL at Koitaki, New Guinea, this species is here recorded from Australia for the first time. It has been taken from rolled leaf galls on five unrelated plants in the Northern Territory: Alyxia spicata (Apocynaceae) View in CoL , Antidesma ghesembilla (Euphorbiaceae) and Smilax australis (Smilacaceae) View in CoL at Darwin, Timonius timor (Rubiaceae) at Kakadu, and Choriceras tricorne (Euphorbiaceae) View in CoL on the Cobourg Peninsula. The galls on these plants were induced by different undescribed species of the Teuchothrips View in CoL complex. As indicated by Ritchie (1974), this species is similar to A. flavitibia Moulton , described on one female from northern India. It is also similar to A. kurosawai Priesner from the Philippines, although Reyes (1994) incorrectly stated that that species has only two sensoria on the third antennal segment whereas it actually has three (pers. comm. Richard zur Strassen, in litt. 2006). These three names possibly represent a single widespread species that has brown femora but yellow tibiae.

Recognition

Varying considerably in body size; body and femora brown, tibiae and tarsi yellow; antennal segments III–VI largely yellow; fore wings pale. Antennae eight-segmented, III with three sensoria, IV with four. Postocular setae longer than distance between eyes, weakly capitate. Pronotal am setae minute, four pairs of major setae long and capitate. Fore femur inner margin in both sexes with sub-basal spur and an irregular row of small tubercles ( Figure 4 View Figures 1–15 ), this spur and also fore tarsal tooth largest in large individuals. Prosternal basantra present; mesopresternum almost complete medially. Metanotum with several small setae on anterior half. Fore wings constricted medially, with 5–10 duplicated cilia. Tergites II–VI with two pairs of sigmoid setae; tergite IX setae S1 weakly capitate and about 0.8 as long as tube. Male tergite IX S2 short and stout.

Apterygothrips Priesner

Apterygothrips Priesner 1933, p 1 View in CoL . Type species: Apterygothrips haloxyli Priesner. View in CoL

This genus was last redefined by zur Strassen (1966) to include eight species, but has been used subsequently to include any species resembling Haplothrips View in CoL in general appearance but either lacking wings or with the wing-retaining setae reduced. Currently there are 41 species worldwide that are listed in this genus, but these are unlikely to represent a single lineage. Wing reduction and wing loss have clearly occurred more than once within the Haplothripini , and not always in closely related species, and Apterygothrips View in CoL is presumably a polyphyletic assemblage. Furthermore, in this paper one fully apterous species is described in Haplothrips View in CoL , a second new species is described in which the females are macropterous but the males micropterous, and the wing polymorphic species, Apterygothrips collyerae View in CoL , is here transferred to Haplothrips View in CoL .

Among the species currently placed in Apterygothrips there appears to be one speciesgroup of grass-living thrips, and the only known Australian member of the genus, A. australis , belongs to this group. A second Australian species of wingless Haplothripini has been studied from Kununurra in the north of Western Australia. This species was living on dead twigs, and apparently represents an undescribed apterous species that is related to the ‘‘ Apterygothrips ’’ species from dead wood in India ( Pitkin 1976). One of these Indian species, with two sensoria on the fourth antennal segment and the pterothorax exceptionally apteriform, was designated type species of Tamilthrips Bhatti (1995) , but the phylogenetic significance of such a genus based essentially on extreme wing loss remains open to question.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Thysanoptera

Family

Phlaeothripidae

Loc

Androthrips Karny

Mound, Laurence A. & Minaei, Kambiz 2007
2007
Loc

Androthrips monsterae (Moulton)

Ritchie JM 1974: 264
1974
Loc

Podothrips monsterae

Moulton D 1940: 267
1940
Loc

Apterygothrips

Priesner H 1933: 1
1933
Loc

Androthrips

Karny H 1911: 560
1911
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