Osmia (Diceratosmia) gonzalezi, Griswold & Rightmyer, 2017

Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), Zootaxa 4337 (1), pp. 1-37 : 11-16

Osmia (Diceratosmia) gonzalezi new species

( Figs 2C , 3B , 5A , 6A , 10A )

Diagnosis. Females of O. gonzalezi , O. aliciae , and O. spinulifera share the distinctive granulose integument of the frons ( Figs 2B, 2C ) with its erect, modified hairs that distinguishes them from all other Nearctic Osmia . Osmia gonzalei is easily distinguished from O. spinulifera by the shagreened rather than shiny clypeus ( Fig. 5A vs Fig. 5B ) and by the absence of a spine over the spiracle of T1 ( Fig. 3B vs Fig. 3A ). Osmia gonzalezi is more easily confused with O. aliciae . In fact, females of O. gonzalezi were were previously included among putative O. aliciae listed in the “Otras localidades” by Ayala & Griswold (2005), co-occurring in collections from Cuernavaca. In O. gonzalezi the punctures on the frons are larger and denser throughout and the hairs that arise from them are distinctly bent; in O. aliciae , punctures are fine and sparse except along the midline and hairs are cork screwshaped. Female O. gonzalezi further differ in the longer vertex (> 3x diameter of lateral ocellus versus ~ 2x) and longer dorsal face of T1 medially (longer than maximum scutellum length versus not longer).

Males of O. gonzalezi can be distinguished from all other small, blue/green Diceratosmia except O. aliciae by the strongly granulose integument of the frons (shiny in all other species). Males of Osmia gonzalezi can be distinguished from O. aliciae by the shape of S3 (apical margin strongly concave in O. gonzalezi , more or less straight in O. aliciae ) and by the longer vertex (> 3x diameter of lateral ocellus versus ~ 2x).

Males of O. gonzalezi share with O. marilaunidii and O. conjuncta the strongly concave apical margin of S3 ( Figs 6A , 7A, 7B ); the acutely pointed lateral projections of T6; and the long, slender medioapical hairs on S4 that do not form a comb-like structure. Unlike O. marilaunidii and O. conjuncta , in O. gonzalezi the integument of the frons is granulose and dull (shiny in former two species). In addition, in O. gonzalezi the hairs on S4 are uniformly dense along the entire apical margin (hairs at middle of apical margin are well separated from the hairs on the far lateral sides of S 4 in O. marilaunidii and O. conjuncta ; see Diagnosis under O. marilaunidii for further details). Further, in O. gonzalezi the punctures are uniformly dense on the entire subapical margin of S4, while in at least O. marilaunidii and often in O. conjuncta there are impunctate regions laterally near the apical margin of S4.

Description. Female. Total length: ca. 10 mm; forewing length: 7.5 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital margin: 0.6 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye: 0.5 mm.

Color: Head and mesosoma dark blue, metasoma greenish-blue, except with brown integument on mouthparts, labrum, apical edge of clypeus, antenna, mesoscutal spot anterior to parapsidal suture, posterior two-thirds of tegula, tibiae, tarsi, inner surfaces of femora; dark brown with strong purple overtones on outer surfaces of legs distal to femora. Wings moderately infuscate, leading edge of forewing more strongly infuscate.

Pubescence: White, plumose hairs on body, minutely branched on outer surfaces of mid and hind legs, tergal marginal fringes, fringe of S6; golden to pale golden on mandible, mostly unbranched on face and vertex; stouter golden hairs on inner surfaces of all tarsi. Labrum with erect apical fringe and transverse fringe medial of golden hair. Hairs of clypeus and frons mostly corkscrew-like apically. Scopal hairs brilliant white, apically pointed; S6 with short, moderately dense, suberect, white hairs.

Punctation: Head with punctures ovate to circular, contiguous or nearly so and deeply impressed except as follows: labrum mostly impunctate on basal half; clypeus with apical margin truncate, very narrowly impunctate (less than a puncture width); paraocular area with punctures more strongly ovate, slightly less strongly impressed. Frons and clypeus with integument between punctures strongly granulose ( Figs 2C , 5A ), much duller than integument on paraocular area and vertex; frons sparsely punctate. Mesosoma with punctures round, nearly contiguous, deeply impressed except as follows: mesoscutum with punctures extremely dense, causing integument to appear roughened and dull, especially on anterior half, punctures much finer anteriorly, especially medially; tegula with punctures minute, absent on posterior two-thirds except sparsely near margins; mesepisternum with punctures separated by up to 0.5 puncture diameter in places, with one to three micropunctures between larger punctures; metepisternum with punctures contiguous or nearly so, ventrally very strongly impressed, dorsally weak, very shallow; axilla very small, almost striate in part, metanotum and lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum with punctures separated by up to one puncture diameter, with background integument weakly shagreened to granulose, duller than mesepisternum and scutellum; propodeal triangle moderately lineolate to reticulate on dorsal half, shagreened on lower half, sometimes with weakly shiny areas laterally along ventral margin; legs with punctures on outer surfaces fine, more irregular, more weakly impressed, with inner surfaces of trochanters, femora, and fore- and midtibiae shiny to weakly shagreened, with scattered smaller punctures. T1 with anterior, lateral surfaces polished, shiny, almost impunctate; terga with dorsal surfaces between punctures shiny; punctures round, well impressed, nearly contiguous; punctures denser, smaller along apical margins of all terga (usually obscured by dense hair fringes). S2–S5 with coarse, dense punctures, S6 rather finely punctate.

Structure: Maxillary palpus five-segmented, fifth segment minute; second labial palpal segment ca. 1.5x longer than basal segment. Mandible with condylar ridge thicker than outer ridge, parallel along most of length; apical margin with four teeth, third poorly separated from second and fourth by weak basal carina forming broad curve wider than semicircle, margin of third tooth forming wide V-shape with adjacent margin of second and very weakly incurved with adjacent margin of fourth (exact dimensions of third tooth difficult to determine due to significant wear in all available material), third tooth weakly set back from second and fourth; inner, ventral margin of mandible lacking distinct tooth, apical two-thirds of ventral margin distinctly carinate diverging well away from condylar ridge towards inner, dorsal margin of mandible; mandible apically widened (1.5 times wider than narrowest width), first tooth length much longer than second, second tooth located midway between first and fourth tooth. Clypeus almost flat with only hint of medial, longitudinal swelling, apical margin with medial projection weak, not forming distinct truncation, not scoop-shaped in oblique view, in anterior view margin slightly convex (possibly due to wear), and forming ca. 130 degree angle with lateral apical margin of clypeus. F1 one-half longer than F2 or slightly less, remaining flagellar segments gradually increasing in length such that F10 nearly twice as long as F1. Vertex behind lateral ocellus ca. 3.5 OD in length or slightly less. Genal width ca. 1.5 times compound eye width in lateral view. Preoccipital margin rounded, not carinate. Hypostomal carina moderately high, highest at about midpoint of longitudinal posterior limb, not forming triangular projection at this point but forming distinct, semicircular projection, tapering to low carina with lowest point at angle. Mesepisternum with anterior face at right angle to lateral face but omaulus not carinate. Scutellum gently biconvex on anterior margin. Axilla gently convex laterally. Malus forming long, pointed apical spine, this spine minutely pectinate on inner margin. Forebasitarsus acutely angled apically; second and third foretarsiwith lobes strongly swollen, anterior lobes much longer than posterior lobes. Hindtibial spurs more or less straight along length to weakly curved on apical sixth, outer spur about one sixth shorter than inner. Hind basitarsus with lateral margins slightly convex, widest before midpoint. T1 anterior and dorsal surfaces separated by weak carina; T1 spiracle without distinctive acutely angled projection ( Fig. 3B ). S6 with apical margin slightly, roundly angled medially.

Male. Total length: ca. 10 mm; forewing length: 6 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital margin: 0.7 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye: 0.5 mm.

Color: Head and metasoma pale greenish-blue, mesosoma clear pale blue, except with brown integument on mouthparts, labrum, apical edge of clypeus, antenna, posterior two-thirds of tegula, inner surfaces of legs distal to trochanters, apical margins of T6–T7, apical margin of S1, basally on S3, and S5–S8; dark brown with bluish overtones on mandible, especially basally, and S4; brown with strong bluish overtones on outer surfaces of legs distal to trochanters, S1–S2, and apical margin of S3. Wings moderately infuscate, leading edge of forewing more strongly infuscate.

Pubescence: White, plumose hairs on body except minutely branched on outer surfaces of mid and hind legs; golden to pale golden on mandible, face, and dorsal surfaces of mesosoma and metasoma (with short, dense band of golden tomentum apicolaterally on T1–T3 and entire apical margins of T4–T5); stouter golden hairs on inner surfaces of all tarsi; pale, short, simple, dense on discs of S3–S4. Labrum covered with branched hairs on apical half, hairs forming short fringe on apical margin. S3 with dense, medially directed hairs forming semicircular fringe along entire emargination (hairs ca. 2.5–3.0 OD in length, or slightly longer laterally, Fig. 6A ). S4 subapical margin (i.e., transverse band, ca. apical one-fifth of disc) uniformly covered with sparse, pale, suberect hairs, these hairs not interrupted medially on S4, minutely branched laterally, simple medially and at extreme lateral edge. S6 with short, sparse, white hairs.

Punctation: Head with punctures ovate to circular, contiguous or nearly so and deeply impressed except as follows: labrum mostly impunctate on basal half; clypeus with apical truncation impunctate for about one-fourth length of F1; paraocular area with punctures more strongly ovate, slightly less strongly impressed. Frons with integument between punctures strongly granulose, much duller than integument on remainder of face. Mesosoma with punctures round, nearly contiguous, deeply impressed except as follows: mesoscutum with punctures extremely dense, causing integument to appear roughened and dull, especially on anterior half; tegula with punctures minute, sparser on posterior half, separated by up to eight puncture diameters; mesepisternum with punctures separated by up to 0.5 puncture diameter in places, with one to three micropunctures between larger punctures; metepisternum with punctures more irregular, large, very strongly impressed; pronotum, metanotum, and lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum with punctures separated by up to two puncture diameters, with background integument weakly shagreened to granulose, duller than mesepisternum and scutellum; propodeal triangle moderately lineolate to reticulate on dorsal half, shagreened on lower half, sometimes with weakly shiny areas laterally along ventral margin; legs with punctures on outer surfaces more irregular, more weakly impressed, with inner surfaces of trochanters, femora, and tibiae shiny to weakly shagreened, with scattered smaller punctures. T1 with anterior, lateral surfaces polished, shiny. Metasomal terga with dorsal surfaces between punctures shiny, almost impunctate; punctures round, well impressed, nearly contiguous (slightly less distinct and circular on T4– T7); punctures denser, smaller towards apical margins of all terga. T1–T3 with impunctate apical margins medially very small (ca. one adjacent puncture diameter); T4–T5 with apical margins obscured by dense hairs; T6–T7 with apical impunctate margins slightly thickened, about three adjacent puncture diameters in length;. S1–S2 and apical margins of S3–S4 with punctures large, well impressed, circular to ovate; S2 with distinct impunctate, lamellate apical margin; S3–S4 on basal two-thirds to three-fourths with minute, dense punctures. S5–S6 weakly shagreened, with scattered small punctures especially near apical margins.

Structure: Mandible with outer and condylar ridges converging apically; with two teeth, upper and lower teeth nearly the same width and length; inner margins of upper and lower teeth forming nearly 90 degree angle; upper tooth with inner and dorsal margins forming ca. 50 degree angle; inner, ventral margin of mandible carinate apically, weakly diverging away from condylar ridge. Clypeus apical margin with distinct truncation medially, with lateral corner of truncation forming nearly 90 degree angle with lateral margin of clypeus; truncation medially very weakly concave, laterally with weakly tuberculate swelling. Flagellar segments subequal in length, except F11 nearly one-fourth longer than other segments. Vertex behind lateral ocellus ca. 3.5 OD in length or slightly less. Genal width subequal to compound eye in lateral view or slightly less. Preoccipital margin rounded, not carinate. Hypostomal carina moderately high, about the same height along length of head, shorter at angle, not forming distinct tooth. Mesepisternum with omaulus not carinate. Scutellum gently biconvex on anterior margin. Malus forming moderately large, triangular apical spine, inner margin of spine weakly pectinate. Foretarsal segments 1–3 with anterior lobes distinctly longer than posterior. Mid- and hindtarsi not swollen. Hindtibial spurs relatively stout, weakly curved along length, outer spur slightly shorter, more strongly curved than inner. Hind basitarsus with lateral margins of outer surface subparallel, lacking tooth on inner margin. T6 with small emargination in impunctate median truncation; T6 lateroapically with large, moderately pointed tooth, this tooth about same size and shape as T7 submedian tooth. T7 midapically with large, semicircular emargination, with teeth on either side of emargination subtriangular, about three-fourths as wide as width of emargination. S2 widely subtruncate, medially nearly straight; disc of S2 covering much of S 3 in repose. S3 with strong, triangular emargination, slightly wider than long (half entire width of sternum; Fig. 6A ). S4 apical margin with carinae forming posteriorly directed trough of about same width along entire apical margin; midapically with poorly defined, subtriangular projection (about third width of entire sternum or slightly less), this projection appearing to overlay apical carinae such that it is directed further posteriorly ( Fig. 6A ). S5 apical margin shallowly, widely emarginate. S6 with margin broadly rounded. Gonoforceps swollen subapically, with distinct secondary projection arising from inner apical margin, this secondary projection apically swollen; gonoforceps more or less straight along length in lateral view.

Distribution. Known only from the state of Morelos, Mexico ( Fig. 18 ).

Floral Associations. Lamiaceae : Salvia .

Type Material. Holotype female. “ Mexico Morelos Cuernavaca 13/ 14-XI-1987 F. D. Parker ”// “ Native Bee Survey USDA, Logan , Utah BBSL204537 ”// “ HOLOTYPE Osmia gonzalezi Griswold & Rightmyer ♀ HOLO77 [red label]” ( LOGAN) . Paratypes. Mexico, Morelos: Cuernavaca , 13 Nov 1987, FD Parker (2♀, LOGAN) ; Cuernavaca , 8 Nov–6 Dec 1987, FD Parker (1♀, LOGAN) ; Cuernavaca , 6 mi E, 1 Sep 1974, GE Bohart, WJ Hanson (3♂, LOGAN) .

Additional Material. Mexico. Puebla: Izucar de Matamoros, 159 km S, 20/ 23 Oct 1980, PE Blom, R Lindauer.

Etymology. This species is patronymic, honoring our friend and colleague Victor Hugo Gonzalez Betancourt, for enthusiastically supporting and enriching our studies of megachilid bees.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Female faces: A) O. marilaunidii (DRO 4915), B) O. aliciae (BBSL 204540), C) O. gonzalezi (BBSL 204546), D) O. conjuncta (BBSL 695035). Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 3. Female T 1 lateral view showing spike over spiracle: A) present, O. spinulifera (HOLO 78), B) absent, O. gonzalezi (BBSL 204543). Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 5. Female clypeus in anterior view: A) O. gonzalezi (BBSL 204546), B) O. spinulifera (HOLO 78). Scale bar = 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 6. Male S 3 – S 5: A) O. gonzalezi (BBSL 204525), B) O. subfasciata (BBSL 987982). Scale bar = 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 7. Male S 3 – S 5: A) O. marilaunidii (BBSLID 95518), B) O. conjuncta (BBSLID 95507). Scale bar = 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 10. Female habitus lateral view: A) O. gonzalezi (BBSL 204546), B) O. aliciae (BBSL 204549). Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 18. Known distributions of O. conjunctoides (green triangles), O. exquisita (white circles), O. gonzalezi (red circles), O. lacunosa (yellow circles), O. spinulifera (blue circles), and O. stangei (purple triangles). Scale bar = 200 km.