Polynema, Haliday, 1833

Huber, John T., Read, Jennifer D. & Triapitsyn, Serguei V., 2020, Illustrated key to genera and catalogue of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) in America north of Mexico, Zootaxa 4773 (3), pp. 1-411 : 293

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4773.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B1D8D67C-4FDC-477E-872F-E8BCD4D027FB

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3844828

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A0765-FEF2-B854-48D5-FE0788A9F858

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Polynema
status

 

POLYNEMA Haliday, 1833 View in CoL

( Figs 812–850 View FIGURE 812 View FIGURES 813–817 View FIGURES 818–820 View FIGURES 821–823 View FIGURES 824–826 View FIGURE 827 View FIGURES 828–833 View FIGURES 834–841 View FIGURES 842–846 View FIGURES 847–850 )

Polynema Haliday, 1833a: 269 View in CoL . 1833b: 347. Type species: Ichneumon flavipes Walker, 1846 , by subsequent designation by Huber & Bouček, 2001: 281.

Eutriche Nees, 1834: 196 . Type species: Eutriche gracilis Nees, 1834 , by monotypy. Synonymy by Foerster, 1847: 7, 218.

Doriclytus Foerster, 1847: 226 . Type species: Doriclytus vitripennis Foerster, 1847 , by monotypy. Synonymy by Schauff, 1984a: 52.

Callitriche Agassiz, 1848: 173 . Unjustified emendation.

Cosmocoma Foerster, 1856: 117 , 120. Unnecessary replacement name for Polynema View in CoL , not Polynemus Gronovius ( Gahan & Fagan, 1923: 39) View in CoL .

Maidliella Soyka, 1946b: 178 . Type species: Maidliella neofuscipes Soyka, 1946 , by original designation. Synonymy by Annecke & Doutt, 1961c: 36.

Novickyella Soyka, 1946b: 179 . Type species: Novickyella gracilior Soyka, 1946 , by original designation. Synonymy by Soyka, 1956b: 32.

Barypolynema Ogloblin, 1946: 282 . Type species: Barypolynema reticulatum Ogloblin, 1946 , by original designation. Synonymy by Schauff, 1984a: 53.

Barypolynema (Notopolynema) Ogloblin, 1960b: 77 . Type species: Barypolynema pallidiventre Ogloblin, 1960 , by original designation. Synonymy by Schauff, 1984a: 53.

Polynema (Dorypolynema) Hayat & Anis, 1999a: 318 . Type species: Polynema mendeli Girault, 1913 View in CoL , by original designation.

Restisoma Yoshimoto, 1990: 68 View in CoL . Type species: Restisoma howdeni Yoshimoto, 1990 View in CoL , by original designation. Synonymy under Polynema (Doriclytus) by Triapitsyn & Fidalgo, 2006: 57.

Formicomymar Yoshimoto, 1990: 80 View in CoL . Type species: Formicomymar venezuelaensis Yoshimoto View in CoL , by original designation. Synonymy under Polynema (Doriclytus) by Triapitsyn & Fidalgo, 2006: 57.

Diagnosis. Body length 545–2250 μm. Body dark brown or black ( Figs 812 View FIGURE 812 , 827 View FIGURE 827 ) but often with antenna, petiole and legs lighter, sometimes yellow; body sculpture shallow and body appearing mostly fairly smooth and shiny; clava 1-segmented; face with ( Fig. 828 View FIGURES 828–833 ) or without ( Fig. 813 View FIGURES 813–817 ) pits between toruli; vertex without pits outside ocelli ( Figs 816 View FIGURES 813–817 , 831 View FIGURES 828–833 ); fore wing without lobe ( Fig. 826 View FIGURES 824–826 ) so wing not or barely narrowing beyond venation, the wing posterior margin straight or almost so behind venation, and fore wing usually without distinct brown bands, sometimes with faint band(s) in some P. ( Doriclytus ) ( Fig. 827 View FIGURE 827 ); propodeum with ( Fig. 839 View FIGURES 834–841 ) or without ( Fig. 818 View FIGURES 818–820 ) median carina of varying length but without V- shaped median carinae.

Discussion. Among the nine other Nearctic genera of the Polynema group ( Acmopolynema , Caraphractus , Cnecomymar , Eustochus , Kalopolynema , Mymar , Neomymar , Palaeoneura , Stephanodes ), Polynema is identified by elimination, i.e., by not having the features of eight other genera in the group. The only genus it is easily confused with is Palaeoneura (itself not well defined, see above). The two subgenera of Polynema are distinguished from Palaeoneura by different features. Polynema (Polynema) is separated from Palaeoneura by the propleura not abutting medially anterior to the prosternum ( Figs 820 View FIGURES 818–820 , 837 View FIGURES 834–841 ); in Palaeoneura the propleura abut medially, albeit narrowly in Nearctic species at least, anterior to the prosternum ( Figs 762–764 View FIGURES 760–768 , 786, 787 View FIGURES 784–788 ). Polynema (Doriclytus) has the propleura abutting medially, as in Palaeoneura but for a greater part of their length ( Fig. 836 View FIGURES 834–841 ) but has pits between the toruli ( Fig. 828 View FIGURES 828–833 ) unlike in Palaeoneura ( Figs 754 View FIGURES 754–759 , 778 View FIGURES 778–783 ). Polynema is by far the most commonly collected genus of the Polynema group and is usually easily separated from several other genera of the Polynema group by the generally dark brown or black body colour.

Nearctic hosts. Hemiptera : Cicadellidae , Flatidae , Membracidae , Miridae , Nabidae . Odonata : Aeshnidae , Lestidae .

Important reference. Girault (1929 [428]).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hymenoptera

Family

Mymaridae

Loc

Polynema

Huber, John T., Read, Jennifer D. & Triapitsyn, Serguei V. 2020
2020
Loc

Polynema (Dorypolynema)

Hayat, M. & Anis, S. B. 1999: 318
1999
Loc

Restisoma

Triapitsyn, S. V. & Fidalgo, P. 2006: 57
Yoshimoto, C. M. 1990: 68
1990
Loc

Formicomymar

Triapitsyn, S. V. & Fidalgo, P. 2006: 57
Yoshimoto, C. M. 1990: 80
1990
Loc

Barypolynema (Notopolynema)

Schauff, M. E. 1984: 53
Ogloblin, A. A. 1960: 77
1960
Loc

Maidliella

Annecke, D. P. & Doutt, R. L. 1961: 36
Soyka, W. 1946: 178
1946
Loc

Novickyella

Soyka, W. 1956: 32
Soyka, W. 1946: 179
1946
Loc

Barypolynema

Schauff, M. E. 1984: 53
Ogloblin, A. A. 1946: 282
1946
Loc

Cosmocoma

Gahan, A. B. & Fagan, M. M. 1923: 39
Foerster, A. 1856: 117
1856
Loc

Callitriche

Agassiz, L. 1848: 173
1848
Loc

Eutriche

Foerster, A. 1847: 7
1847
Loc

Doriclytus

Schauff, M. E. 1984: 52
Foerster, A. 1847: 226
1847
Loc

Polynema Haliday, 1833a: 269

Huber, J. T. & Boucek, Z. 2001: 281
Haliday, A. H. 1833: 269
Haliday, A. H. 1833: 347
1833
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