Echinophthiriidae Enderlein, 1904

Leonardi, Maria Soledad & Palma, Ricardo Luis, 2013, Review of the systematics, biology and ecology of lice from pinnipeds and river otters (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Anoplura: Echinophthiriidae), Zootaxa 3630 (3), pp. 445-466 : 446-447

Family Echinophthiriidae Enderlein, 1904

Echinophthiriidae Enderlein, 1904b: 136 . Type genus: Echinophthirius Giebel, 1871 (by original designation). Enderlein 1906: 661; Dalla Torre 1908: 17; Enderlein 1909: 505; Kellogg & Ferris 1915: 48; Ferris 1916a: 180; Tillyard 1926: 132, 134; Freund 1928: 2, 5; Ewing 1929: 148; Ass 1934: 92, 103; Fahrenholz 1936: 56; Herms 1939: 104; Eichler 1941: 384; Séguy 1944: 452; Séguy 1951: 1381; Ferris 1951: 71; Imms 1957: 417; Blagoveshtchensky 1964: 326; Borror & DeLong 1964: 154; Ludwig 1968: 257; Calaby 1970: 386; Pilgrim 1970: 77; Kim & Emerson 1974: 444; Kim et al. 1975: 544, fig. 385; Hinton 1976: 73; Kim & Ludwig 1978a: 269, figs 7, 15, 33; Kim & Ludwig 1978b: 918; Murray 1976: 81, 84, figs 4.1–4.8; Marshall 1981: 207, 389; Ludwig 1982: 150; Kim 1982a: 406; Kim 1982b: 124; Kim 1985: 223, 720; Zarubina 1986: 373; Kim et al. 1986: 43; Kim 1987: 230, figs 23.9, 23.10, 23.11a; Kim 1988: 93, 96–99, 102, 107–109, figs 7.5, 7.7, 7.8, table 7.3; Calaby & Murray 1991: 427; Beaucournu 1993: 13; Durden & Musser 1994a: 6; Barker 1996: 236; Price & Graham 1997: 113, figs 94–95; Castro & Cicchino 1998: 129, fig. 1; Pajot 2000: 30; Aznar et al. 2001: 391, 402, fig. 4; Raga et al. 2002: 871, 873, fig. 1m; Grimaldi & Engel 2005: 272, 275; Jensen & Palma 2005: 227, fig. 5.32c.

Echinophthiriinae Enderlein, 1904b; Enderlein 1909: 506; Ferris 1916a: 181; Freund 1928: 2; Ewing 1929: 148; Ass 1934: 92; Ass 1935: 24; Fahrenholz 1936: 56; Eichler 1941: 384; Séguy 1944: 452; Séguy 1951: 1381. Rejected as a subfamily by Ferris 1951: 71.

Antarctophthirinae Enderlein, 1909: 506. Type genus: Antarctophthirus Enderlein, 1906 (by original designation). Ferris 1916a: 182; Freund 1928: 2; Ewing 1929: 148; Fahrenholz 1936: 56; Eichler 1941: 384; Séguy 1951: 1381. Rejected by Ferris 1951: 71.

Echinophtiriidae [sic] Enderlein, 1904; Mjöberg 1910: 176. Misspelling.

Lepidophtiriidae [sic] Mjöberg, 1910: 177. Type genus: Lepidophthirus Enderlein, 1904 a (by original designation). Synonymised by Ferris 1916a: 180.

Lepidophthiriidae Mjöberg, 1910; Ferris 1916a: 180; Ferris 1951: 71; Ass 1963: 6; Kim & Ludwig 1978a: 270. Emendation.

Lepidophthiriinae Mjöberg, 1910; Ewing 1929: 148. Rejected by Ferris 1951: 71. Emendation.

Antarctophthiriinae [sic] Enderlein, 1909; Bedford 1932: 399; Ass 1934: 92; Ass 1935: 24. Misspelling.

Echinophthiriformia Eichler, 1941: 384.

Phocaphthiriidae Ass, 1962: 55 . Type genus: Echinophthirius Giebel, 1871 (by original designation). Synonymised by Kim & Ludwig 1978a: 270.

Phocophthiriidae Ass, 1963: 6. Kurochkin & Badamshin, 1968: 202. Unjustified emendation.

Echinophthiiridae [sic] Enderlein; Ledger 1980: 205. Misspelling.

Echinopthriidae [sic]; Raga 1997: 76. Misspelling.

Significant references. Enderlein (1906: 661, key to genera; descriptions); Dalla Torre (1908: 17, list only); Enderlein (1909: 505, Antarctic species); Mjöberg (1910: 176, descriptions); Ferris (1916a: 180, description, species list, synonymies); Freund (1928, revision, many figures); Ewing (1929: 148, key to subfamilies and genera); Ferris (1951: 71, synonymy, description, key to genera); Blagoveshtchensky (1964: 326, key to USSR species); Kim & Emerson (1974: 444, good key to genera of Echinophthiriidae ); Kim et al. (1975: 544, sucking lice and evolution of otariid seals); Hinton (1976: 73, respiratory adaptations); Murray (1976: 81, 84, host-louse list, key to genera, biology, figures); Kim & Ludwig (1978: 268–270, key to families of Anoplura; synonymy, detailed description of family); Kim (1985: 223, coevolution with pinnipeds); Kim et al. (1986: 43, North American species); Kim (1987: 230, key to nymphal stages); Kim (1988: 102, 107, phylogeny, evolution, hostrelationships); Durden & Musser (1994a: 6, checklist; 1994b, hosts); Pajot (2000: 31: key to genera); Light et al. (2010: 295, phylogeny); Leonardi et al. (2011: 62, popular account).

Hosts. Aquatic Carnivora : Pinnipedia (sea lions, true seals, fur seals and walruses) and Mustelidae (North American river otter).

List of genera

Echinophthirius Giebel, 1871

Type species: Pediculus phocae Lucas, 1834 = Echinophthirius horridus (Olfers, 1816) (by monotypy). One species.

Lepidophthirus Enderlein, 1904

Type species: Lepidophthirus macrorhini Enderlein, 1904 a (by original designation). Two species.

Antarctophthirus Enderlein, 1906

Type species: Antarctophthirus ogmorhini Enderlein, 1906 (by original designation). Six species.

Proechinophthirus Ewing, 1923

Type species: Echinophthirius fluctus Ferris, 1916 b = Proechinophthirus fluctus (Ferris, 1916b) (by original

designation).

Two species.

Latagophthirus Kim & Emerson, 1974

Type species: Latagophthirus rauschi Kim & Emerson, 1974 (by monotypy). One species.