Uca (Austruca) lactea (De Haan, 1835)

Shih, Hsi-Te, Lee, Jung-Hsiang, Ho, Ping-Ho, Liu, Hung-Chang, Wang, Chia-Hsiang, Suzuki, Hiroshi & Teng, Shao-Jyun, 2016, Species diversity of fiddler crabs, genus Uca Leach, 1814 (Crustacea: Ocypodidae), from Taiwan and adjacent islands, with notes on the Japanese species, Zootaxa 4083 (1), pp. 57-82 : 59-62

Uca (Austruca) lactea (De Haan, 1835)

( Fig. 2A, B )

Ocypode (Gelasimus) lactea De Haan, 1835: 54 , pl. 15(5) [type locality: Japan].

Gelasimus lacteus — Stimpson 1858: 100; 1907: 108; Cano 1889: 92, 234; Sakai 1934: 320; 1939: 619, text-fig 93a–c, pl. 72(1); 1940: 32 [list]; Horikawa 1940: 28 [list]; Lin 1949: 26 [list].

Uca lactea — Parisi 1918: 92; Balss 1922: 143; Maki & Tsuchiya 1923: 211, pl. 24(9, 10); Sakai 1934: 320; 1935: 212, fig. 112, pl. 59(1); Miyake 1936: 511; Sakai 1939: 618; Takeda 1982: 209, 1 unnumbered fig.; Huang et al. 1989: 197, fig. 6, pl. 3D–F; Ho et al. 1993: 20 (part?); Okutani 1994b: 260, fig. 1; Yamaguchi 1994: 165; Wang & Liu 1996a: 58, 7 unnumbered figs.; Hung 2000: 140 -1, figs. 434–435; Lee 2001: 103, 2 unnumbered figs.; Ng et al. 2001: 37 [list]; Yoshigou, 2001: 4, fig. 2, pl. 1L, M; Society of the Nature Records of Kagoshima 2002: 340, 3 unnumbered figs; Wang & Liu 2003: 79, figs.

77–83; Shen & Jeng 2005: 165, 1 unnumbered fig.; Liu & Wang 2010: 27, 39, 8 unnumbered figs.; Japanese Association of Benthology 2012: 215, 1 unnumbered fig., pl. 1(17); Shih 2012b: 14, figs. 12; Watanabe 2014: 103, 4 unnumbered figs.

Uca (Celuca) lactea lactea — Crane 1975: 300, figs. 19A, 54J–JJ, 69E, pl. 40A, B; Sakai 1976a: 608, pl. 209(1) (part); Miyake 1983: 162, pl. 54(5); Wang 1984: 42; Dai et al. 1986: 425, fig. 236(1), pl. 59(2); Shih 1994: 103, figs. 68, 70, 71; Ho & Hung 1997: 61, 7 unnumbered figs.

Uca (Celuca) lactea — Su & Lue 1984: 63, fig. 3; Dai & Yang 1991: 466, fig. 236(1), pl. 59(2).

Uca lactea lactea — Fukui et al. 1989: 227; Chen 2001: 207, 2 unnumbered figs.

Uca (Paraleptuca) lactea —Ng et al. 2008: 241 [list]; Toyota & Seki 2014: 225, 4 unnumbered figs.

Uca (Austruca) lactea — Naderloo et al. 2010: 19 , figs. 10a–f, 11a–c, 14a, 15a, 18a, b.

Material examined. Taiwan: 1 ♂ (13.1 mm) , 1 ♀ (12.6 mm) ( ASIZ), Lanyang R. estuary, Yilan (= Ilan ), 25 July 2004 ; 1 ♂ (17.8 mm) ( ASIZ), Lanyang R. estuary, Yilan, 27 July 2004 ; 2 ♀♀ (10.1, 11.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14670), Lanyang R. estuary, Yilan, 5 Nov. 2011 ; 3 ♂♂ (10.2–13.7 mm), 2 ♀♀ (9.1, 9.7 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14659), Hemei, New Taipei City, coll. H.- T. Shih, 20 Nov. 1995 ; 1 ♂ (18.4 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14673), Jhuwei, New Taipei City, coll. H.- T. Shih, 30 June 2006 ; 3 ♂♂ (15.1, 16.0 mm, 1 broken), 2 ♀♀ (12.5, 13.5 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14655), Wazaiwei, New Taipei City, coll. H.- T. Shih, 6 Nov. 1995 ; 2 ♂♂ (9.1, 16.1 mm), 2 ♀♀ (8.8, 11.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14665), Wazaiwei, New Taipei City, coll. H.- T. Shih, 18 June 1996 ; 2 ♂♂ (10.0, 15.8 mm) ( NMNS 003135-00035 ), Shezihdao, New Taipei City, coll. K.- S. Lee & H.- T. Hung, 12 Apr. 1999 ; 2 ♀♀ (10.0, 11.0 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14666), Haishangu, Hsinchu City, coll. H.- T. Shih, 29 Apr. 1996 ; 2 ♂♂ (6.7, 11.1 mm), 2 ♀♀ (7.1, 9.1 mm) ( NMNS 001737-00176 ), Houlong R. estuary, Miaoli, coll. P.- W. Hsueh, 7 Dec. 1992 ; 4 ♂♂ (4.7–12.2 mm) (NMNS 001737-00160), 2 ♂♂ (6.5, 11.3 mm), 2 ♀♀ (4.0, 11.5 mm) (NMNS 001737-00162), Dajia R. estuary, 9 Dec. 1993; 2 ♂♂ (5.7, 11.1 mm), 2 ♀♀ (9.2, 9.6 mm) (NMNS 001673-00010), Dajia R. estuary, 19 Jan. 1994; 1 ♂ (13.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 13216), Gaomei, Taichung, 14 June 2006 ; ♂ (16.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14657), Gaomei, Taichung, 10 Aug. 2007 ; 2 ♂♂ (11.9, 15.3 mm) ( NMNS 003046-00057 ), Shengang, Changhua, coll. S.- M. Chao, 12 Nov. 1997 ; 1 ♂ (15.4 mm) (NCHUZOOL 13213), Shengang, Changhua, coll. H.- T. Hung, 23 July 2003 ; 1 ♂ (13.9 mm), 3 ♂♂ (10.3–10.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14669), coll. H.-T. Shih, 14 June 2014; 2 ♂♂ (11.3, 17.5 mm), 1 ♀ (9.1 mm), ( NMNS 001491-00056 ), Bajhang R. estuary, Chiayi, coll. J.- D. Lee, 21 Oct. 1993 ; 3 ♂♂ (14.4–16.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14667), Haomeiliao, Chiayi, 20 Sep. 2008 ; 1 ♂ (15.8 mm), 1 ♀ (13.2 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14661), Dongshih Bridge, Chiayi, coll. H.- T. Shih, 6 Mar. 1996 ; 1 ♂ (15.8 mm), 1 ♀ (13.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14660), Dongshih mangroves, Chiayi, coll. H.- T. Shih, 23 Apr. 1996 ; 3 ♂♂ (12.2–13.0 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14643), Yanshuei R. estuary, Tainan, coll. J.- H. Lee et al., 4 Aug. 2009 ; 2 ♂♂ (16.4, 16.7 mm), 1 ♀ (13.8 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14656), Cigu, Tainan, coll. H.- T. Shih, 21 Oct. 1996 ; 2 ♂♂ (16.0, 16.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14664), Zengwen R. estuary, Tainan, coll. H.- T. Shih, 29 Mar. 1996 ; 1 ♀ (13.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14640), Dapengwan, Pingtung, 20 July 2007 . Penghu Islands: 2 ♂♂ (17.2, 18.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14671), Cingluo, coll. H.- T. Shih, 14 Aug. 1996 ; 2 ♀♀ (15.6, 18.7 mm) (NCHUZOOL 13489), Cingluo, coll. H.-T. Shih et al., 27 June 2006; 1 ♂ (16.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14668), Cingluo, 18 Aug. 2009; 2 ♂♂ (19.3, 20.4 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14662), Citou, coll. H.-T. Shih, 17 Aug. 1996; 1 ♂ (19.3 mm), 1 ♀ (14.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14676), Chihsi, Siyu, coll. H.-T. Shih, 19 May 2007. Kinmen Islands: 2 ♂♂ (8.7, 13.7 mm) (NCHUZOOL 13999), Wujiang R. estuary, J.- H. Lee, 30 Mar 2004 ; 3 ♂♂ (7.5–11.0 mm), 3 ♀♀ (8.5–10.6 mm), 3 juv. (NCHUZOOL 13993), Wujiang R. estuary, H.-T. Shih & Y.-H. Wang, 7 Mar. 2008; 1 ♂ (14.4 mm), Wujiang R. estuary, coll. Y.-H. Wang, 16 Aug. 2011; 2 ♂♂ (10.0, 13.7 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14746), Coastal Avenue, Lieyu, coll. P.-Y. Hsu, 23 June 2013. Matsu Islands: 3 ♂♂ (10.7–15.8 mm) , 2 ♀♀ (11.7, 12.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14609), Cingshuei, J.-H. Li, 9 July 2005; 2 ♂♂ (11.0, 14.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14750), Jhuluo Harbor, Nangan, 29 Aug. 2011. Main Japan islands : 2 ♂♂ (15.9, 16.4 mm) , 2 ♀♀ (17.1, 17.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14658), Kotsuki R., Miyazaki, coll. H. Suzuki, 9 Oct. 2008 .

Ecology. The male may build a hood to attract females during courtship (see Crane 1975).

Distribution. Main Japanese islands, Korea, China (including Hainan), Taiwan (including Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu), and Vietnam.

Remarks. Uca lactea and U. perplexa are sympatric in several regions of Taiwan, including Yilan, Tainan and Penghu (this study). Both species can be distinguished by a suite of characters. Anterolateral angles of U. lactea triangular (acute in U. perplexa ); major pollex of U. lactea without or with small predistal triangular tooth in gape (with moderate to large predistal triangular tooth in U. perplexa ); major dactylus of U. lactea arched throughout (arched only distally in U. perplexa ); G1 of U. lactea with thumb long, reaching well beyond flange base, flange wider than long (with thumb moderately long, reaching flange base, flange wider than long in U. perplexa ).

Uca lactea is very common on the coasts of western Taiwan and Penghu, as well as Kinmen and Matsu. It is also found in Korea and the main islands of Japan. There are no records from northeastern China (north of Zhejiang; see Chen 1991; Shih et al. 2010b) and the Ryukyus (also see Remarks under U. borealis ).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Species of the subgenus Uca (Austruca) from Taiwan. A, B, Uca lactea (De Haan, 1835), two males with hood from Gaomei, Taichung and Dongshih, Chiayi, respectively; C – E, U. perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), three males from the Yanshuei River estuary, Tainan (C), from Siyu, Penghu (D), and from Dongsha Island (E); F – H, U. triangularis (A. Milne- Edwards, 1873), males from the Yanshuei River estuary, Tainan.