Hirtodrosophila longala (Patterson and Wheeler)

Grimaldi, David A., 2018, Hirtodrosophila Of North America (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2018 (421), pp. 1-1 : 1-

Hirtodrosophila longala (Patterson and Wheeler)

Figures 8 , 16A , 27 , 28

Drosophila (Hirtodrosophila) longala Patterson and Wheeler, 1942: 71 .

DIAGNOSIS: Similar in size and body proportions to H. grisea , but lighter (particularly the pleura), with faint brown stripes and bluish pollinosity on scutum; diffuse, light brown stripe on uppermost portion of pleura; female slightly darker. Anterior reclinate orbital seta minute; aristal branches relatively short, carina well developed but short. Male: Small lobe on ventromedial corner of cercus; prensisetae divided on two lobes on surstylus, lower lobe somewhat triangular; aedeagus with pair of preapical-lateral spines; margin of oviscapt unmodified.

DESCRIPTION: Coloration: Top of head and thorax brown, with bluish pollinosity on scutum, pleura and abdomen lighter and with faint patterns. Head: Frons dark golden, frontal vitta finely striate and shiny; ocellar triangle dark brown; fronto-orbital plates and lateral margin of frons light. Antennal scape light; pedicel and basal flagellomere dark to medium brown; carina and upper portion of face light, lower portion of face near oral margin dark brown; cheek light, with brown spot just below eye; vibrissal angle dark brown. Female markings slightly darker than in male. Clypeus and palps dark brown; labium and outside surface of labellum light brownish; occiput dark brown; eye light, dull red. Thorax: Scutum mostly light brown, with dark brown and bluish-pollinose markings as follows: pair of faint dark brown stripes between middle 6 rows of acrostichals, a pair of very light brown faint stripes lateral to these but between tangent of dorsocentrals; scutum lateral to tangent of dorsocentrals light brown (hue is between the darkest and lightest of the stripes); light brown areas with light bluish pollinosity; scutellar disk mostly dark brown, anterolateral portions lighter. Pleura mostly light yellowish tan, with light brown, infuscate area on upper half, darkest near notopleural edge, including lower portion of postpronotal lobe (upper part of lobe light yellowish), forming diffuse, light brown stripe on uppermost portion of pleura. Wing hyaline, no markings; veins faint grayish brown. Legs entirely light, cream colored. Abdomen with most tergites having dark to light brown, complete transverse band on posterior half, anterior half is light; tergite 6 and epandrium in male entirely light.

Head: Antenna: Scape and pedicel with setulae; pedicel with two larger setae; basal flagellomere with just short, fine, light setulae (without long setulae); arista with 1 ventral and 4–5 dorsal branches, branches relatively short; ventral branch between apical dorsal branch and small apical fork. Eye egg shaped in lateral view (broader portion dorsally), taller than wide, with dense, light interfacetal setulae. Cheek of moderate depth. Face relatively broad; carina well developed but low, slightly flattened and broadened on lower portion. Vibrissa well developed, one pair, inclinate and nearly touching medially; subvibrissal setae very small. Frons: Relatively broad; frontal vittae relatively broad, anterior portion with ca. 12 small, scattered setulae, all inclinate; fronto-orbital plate narrow, ends slightly anterior to proclinate. Fronto-orbital setae: proclinate and posterior reclinate orbital setae approximately equal in size; anterior reclinate minute, barely differentiated from setulae on frons, located approximately midway and slightly lateral to other two, large orbitals; posterior reclinate closer to proclinate than to verticals. Ocellar triangle relatively large; ocellar setae long, widely divergent, tips extended to slightly past level of proclinates; postocellar setae fairly long, tips crossing for approximately 0.2× the length. Inner vertical seta slightly longer than outer vertical, position of former significantly anterior, nearly in line with large orbital and outer vertical setae; outer vertical largely reclinate. Clypeus narrow; palps relatively small, with single large apical seta.

Head measurements (N = 4): CD / ED 0.96 (0.18–0.22), ED / EW 1.28 (1.20–1.40), FD /FW 0.94, FL / LFW 0.85 (0.81–0.88), HW / HD 1.37 (1.32–1.46), Ocellar S-index 1.22 (1.10–1.38), OR1/OR3 0.94 (0.90–1.00), OR2/OR1 0.47 (0.33–0.50), VT-index 1.14 (1.06–1.18).

Thorax: Acrostichal setae in 8 rows, short transverse row of 3–4 larger ones immediately anterior to transverse suture. Anterior dorsocentral ca. 0.7× length of posterior dorsocentral; latter slightly sinuous; position slightly closer to scutellar margin than to anterior dorsocentral. Scutellar setae approximately equal in length, anterior pair parallel, posterior pair crossed for ca. 0.25× their length. Postpronotal lobe with two setae; notopleural edge with two setae (posterior one short), longer seta dorsal to these; 3 supra-alar setae, anterior one short, posterior one longest; postalar seta short, fine. Katepisternum with 2 large setae, middle (third seta) very small, not differentiated from setulae on katepisternum; anterior katepisternal seta approximately 0.5× length of posterior one. Legs: Forefemur with short row 2–3 long dorsolateral and 3–4 long ventrolateral setae, male without long, fine, erect setae on foretarus. Midfemur without macrosetae, midtibia with large ventroapical seta; hind femur without macrosetae; hind tibia with preapical dorsal seta.

Thorax and wing measurements: ThL 1.17 mm (1.14–1.25), DC-index 0.64 (0.62–0.68), S-index 0.45 (0.43–0.50), ThL/WL 0.42 (0.41– 0.43), 4-V index 1.69 (1.60–1.79), 5-X index 1.47 (1.28–1.64), C-index 2.84 (2.79–2.93), hb-index 2.18 (2.0–2.46), WL/WW 2.26 (2.22–2.33).

Male Terminalia: Epandrium slightly higher than broad, with microtrichia on dorsal portion, row of setae on dorsal half, denser setae (ca. 15) on ventral lobe; ventral lobe short. Cercus not connected to epandrium; overall with microtrichia, small tuft of fine setae on ventromedial corner. Surstylus relatively small, pendulous; with small dorsal lobe, lateral row of ca. 8 prensisetae, ca. 10 spinelike setae. Hypandrium well developed; posterolateral lobe small; paraphysis barely protuding, with microtrichia and single large seta. Aedeagus of moderate length, ca. 1.25× length of aedeagal apodeme; relatively straight, even in lateral view; with preapical pair of large spines laterally, sparse scales.

Female Terminalia: Oviscapt relatively simple and little modified, with marginal row ca. 11 pegs; apical peg largest one, 4 smaller dorso-preapical pegs, otherwise very little differentiation or gaps; oviprovector well developed, with coarse scales. Spermatheca well sclerotized, dome shaped, not annulated externally, introvert extended approximately 0.80× into length of capsule.

TYPES: Holotype, male. USA: New Mexico: label (typed): D. longala male, Greenwood, N.M. [New Mexico], G.B. Mainland, Col. 1941, Type. Patterson and Wheeler (1942) recorded the type as being from White Water Camp, Gila National Forest near Glenwood, October 1941. In AMNH. Another specimen kept with the type (a paratype: fig. 43) has a label also made with a typewriter; it simply says “ D. longala female.” This is actually a male of H. grisea , which I’ve labelled as such.

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA: Arizona: Cochise Co., Portal, Southwestern Research Station, VIII/2000, reared from fungus, J. Jaenike, coll. ♂ M, 3♀ (one of each sex dissected, nos. 12, 76 respectively).

COMMENTS: Patterson and Stone (1952) indicated this species occurs in the Mexican states (from north to south) of Chihuahua, Durango, Aguascalientes, and Michoacón, but I have found no specimens for these records and so cannot verify these identifications. Those authors also described the internal reproductive organs for both sexes.

Figures

FIG. 8. Hirtodrosophila longala. A. Head, frontal (male). B. Habitus, lateral (female). C. Thorax, dorsal (male). D. Abdomen, dorsal (male). E. Abdomen, dorsal (female).

FIG. 16. Wings.

FIG. 27. Hirtodrosophila longala, C, D female (diss. no. 76). A. Frons, portion. B. Antenna. C. Spermatheca. D. Oviscapt, lateral.

FIG. 28. Hirtodrosophila longala, male terminalia (diss. no. 12). A. Epandrium and associated structures. B. Aedeagus and aedeagal apodeme, lateral. C. Hypandrium, aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, ventral. D. Distal half of aedeagus, ventral. E. Surstyli and ventral portion of cerci, in a more dorsal view than shown in A.