Hirtodrosophila grisea (Patterson and Wheeler)

Grimaldi, David A., 2018, Hirtodrosophila Of North America (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2018 (421), pp. 1-1 : 1-

Hirtodrosophila grisea (Patterson and Wheeler)

Figures 6 , 15E , 24 , 25 , 42 , 43

Drosophila (Hirtodrosophila) grisea Patterson and Wheeler, 1942: 72 .

DIAGNOSIS: A dark-bodied fly, largely brown with faint bluish pollinosity on head and thorax (pollinosity more apparent on female, as faint stripes on scutum); halteres white; legs light, yellowish; wing clear, unmarked, longer than body; abdominal coloration slightly dimorphic. Cheek relatively deep (CD/ED 0.24), wing long (ThL/ WL 0.41), R 2+3 long (C-index 3.04). Surstylus with small dorsomedial lobe. Aedeagus slightly longer than aedeagal apodeme; extensively scaled in middle; apex rounded in dorsoventral views, slightly flattened.

DESCRIPTION: Coloration: Head: Frons mostly dark blackish brown, darkest on frontal vittae, ocellar triangle, and at anterolateral margins; faint pollinosity overall, ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plates slightly shiny. Antennal pedicel, basal flagellomere, carina light brown; rest of face lighter; lateral margins of ptilinal suture very light. Cheeks light, except for dark brown spot surrounding base of vibrissa and reaching to ventral margin of eye. Clypeus light brown, palps dark brown; most of proboscis cream colored, except for labellum and labium, which are faint brown. Occiput dark brown; eye dark pinkish purple. Thorax: Mostly dark brown with faint bluish pollinosity overall, plus some light areas on postpronotal lobe, proepisternum, beneath wing base, on katepimeron; female with scutum having faint bluish-pollinose stripes (1 pair between dorsocentrals, another more lateral pair). Wing membrane clear, hyaline, no markings; veins light, fuscous brown. Halter very light, whitish, small areas on stem slightly darker. Legs light, yellowish tan, mid- and hind coxae slightly darker. Abdomen with less pollinosity than on thorax, moderately shiny; in male mostly uniform light brown with pair of faint, dark yellowish spots on tergites 3 and 4; in female tergites 3–5 with yellowish areas forming short, transverse band, interrupted in middle by darker spot; oviscapt dark yellowish. Sternites lighter than tergites.

Head: Antenna: Scape and pedicel with setulae; pedicel with two larger setae; basal flagellomere with dense, light, short setulae; arista dark brown with relatively short branches, 5 dorsal ones and 1 ventral (opposite d5 or between it and d4), apical fork small. Eye suboval in lateral view, with dense, short interfacetal setulae. Carina narrow, fairly low, highest point near middle then receding toward oral margin. Vibrissa well developed, subvibrissal setae much smaller. Face and frons relatively broad. Frons: Fronto-orbital plates narrow, slightly shiny, end slightly anterior to proclinate; Fronto-orbital setae: proclinate relatively short; anterior reclinate slightly posterolateral to proclinate, about 0.5× size of posterior reclinate; posterior reclinate closer to proclinate than to verticals. Frontal vittae velvety, with scattered setulae on anterior portion, setulae are inclinate. Ocellar seta extended to slightly beyond proclinate; postocellar setae convergent; inner vertical seta slightly shorter than outer vertical. Palp relatively small, narrow, with single apical seta; labellum relatively small.

Head measurements (N = 2): CD/ED 0.24 (0.23, 0.25), ED/EW 1.22 (1.20, 1.24), FD/FW 0.76 (0.61, 0.92), FL/LFW 0.86 (0.85, 0.88), HW/ HD 1.40 (1.37, 1.42), Ocellar S-index 1.05 (1.00, 1.09), OR1/OR3 0.74 (0.69, 0.79), OR2/OR1 0.60 (0.60, 0.61), VT-index 1.18 (1.16, 1.20).

Thorax: Acrostichal setae in 6–8 rows, ones immediately anterior to transverse suture slightly longer; anterior dorsocentral ca. 0.65× length of posterior dorsocentral; posterior dorsocentral close to anterior margin of scutellum (approximately 0.3× the seta length). Anterior scutellars parallel, slightly longer than posterior ones; posterior scutellars crossing for about one-third their length. Two postpronotal setae; 2 setae at edge of notopleural suture (posterior one short), 1 long seta dorsal to these; 3 supra-alar setae (anterior one short, posterior one very long), 1 small postalar seta. Three katepisternal setae: anterior one ca. 0.5× size of posterior one, small middle one ca. 0.25× size of posterior seta.

Legs: Apical half of forefemur with row 3–4 long dorsolateral and 3–4 long ventrolateral setae, male foretarsus without long, fine erect setulae on dorsal surface. Middle femur without long setae; mid-tibia with long, stout ventroapical seta; hind femur without long setae, hind tibia with preapical dorsal seta.

Thorax and wing measurements (N=3): 4-V index 1.63 (1.59–1.70), 5-X index 1.59 (1.48– 1.65), C-index 3.04 (2.93–3.23), DC-index 0.79 (0.66, 0.93), hb-index 1.93 (1.87–2.0), S-index 0.48, ThL 1.21 mm (1.15, 1.28), ThL/WL 0.41, WL/WW 2.28 (2.25–2.30).

Male Terminalia: Epandrium evenly arched, width approximately equal to height; anterodorsal phragma not developed; dorsal half with microtrichia, lateral portions with irregular row of ca. 20 setae; ventral lobe short, broad, ventral margin flat. Cercus well developed, not connected to epandrium; entirely microtrichose, tuft of fine, small setae on ventromedial corner; without ventral lobes. Surstylus with small dorsomedial lobe; row of 6 prensisetae dorsally, ventral portion of surstylus with ca. 10 stiff, stout setae; no microtrichia. Hypandrium large, anterior margin flat; posterolateral lobes well developed (1 pair), without microtrichia; paraphyses prominent, lobate, each with long fine seta. Aedeagus slightly curved in lateral view, slightly flattened dorsally; with dorsal, lateral, and some ventral scales in middle; apex rounded in dorsoventral view, ventrally with thick rim; slightly longer than aedeagal apodeme.

Female Terminalia: Oviscapt relatively narrow in lateral view, with about 15 pegs: 4 dorsalpreapical pegs, 2 large apical pegs, row of 9 pegs along ventral margin, decreasing in size anteriad. Oviprovector well developed, scales well developed, larger toward apex. Spermatheca well sclerotized, slightly campanulate, introvert extended to ca. 0.85× length of capsule.

TYPES: A pin-mounted holotype does not exist in the AMNH (which would have been deposited along with the types of H. longala and H. orbospiracula , which are in the AMNH). I am designating two glass slide-mounts from the former UT slide collection as the holotype since these correspond to the sole locality and date described by Patterson and Wheeler (1942): USA: Arizona: Cochise Co., Rustler’s Park, top of Chiricahua Mts., Aug. 17–18, 1941, lot 1242.8. Two slides: A, male genitalia (has two epandria; epandrium closest to the hypandrium + aedeagus is designated the type); B, two wings.

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA: Arizona: Pima Co., Mt. Lemmon, 7500 ft., D. Grimaldi, 18/IV/90, congregating in cave, 3♂, 48♀ (1♂, 1♀ dissected: nos. 5, 80 respectively) (AMNH). Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mtns., Rustlers Park, VIII/2000, John Jaenike coll., 5♂ (1 dissected, no. 7), 3♀ (AMNH).

COMMENTS: Patterson and Wheeler (1942) described the internal reproductive organs of both sexes. The series that I collected on Mt. Lemmon in Arizona was part of an aggregation of thousands of specimens on the walls of a small cave, where they probably overwintered. There were very few males in the aggregation.

Figures

FIG. 6. Hirtodrosophila grisea, with some variation in thoracic coloration (B, C). A. Head, frontal. B. Head and thorax, lateral (male). C. Head and thorax, lateral (male). D. Abdomen, dorsal (female).

FIG. 15. Wings.

FIG. 24. Hirtodrosophila grisea, C, D female (diss. no. 80). A. Frons, portion. B. Antenna. C. Spermatheca. D. Oviscapt, lateral.

FIG. 25. Hirtodrosophila grisea, male terminalia. A. Epandrium and associated structures. B. Hypandrium, aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, ventral. C. Aedeagus and aedeagal apodeme, lateral.

FIG. 42. Hirtodrosophila grisea, holotype male (slide mount) (AMNH). A. Hypandrium, aedeagus and associated structures. B. Epandrium and associated structures. C, D. Wings. No holotype specimen for grisea was found; this one matched the data of the type locality in the original description, so it was designated as the holotype.

FIG. 43. Hirtodrosophila grisea (male, ordinary specimen), designated by Patterson and Wheeler (1942) as a paratype/allotype female of H. longala (AMNH). A. Habitus, lateral. B. Head and thorax, dorsal. C. Oblique view of notum, showing bluish pollinosity and enlarged acrostichals anterior to dorsocentrals. D. Abdomen, dorsal.