Scorpiops sherwoodae, Kovařík & Lowe & Stockmann & Šťáhlavský, 2020

Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark & Šťáhlavský, František, 2020, Revision of genus-group taxa in the family Scorpiopidae Kraepelin, 1905, with description of 15 new species (Arachnida Scorpiones), Euscorpius 325, pp. 1-140 : 109-114

Scorpiops sherwoodae sp. n.

( Figures 133 , 138 , 151 , 172 , 186 , 353–358 , 708–728 , 799 , 812 , Tables 7, 9) http: //zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 925C5620-

41F3-4DB6-ACE6-51FF485E7E0C

Euscorpiops / Scorpiops sp. 2 : Šťáhlavský et al., in press.

TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Thailand, Phang Nga Province, 2 km NE Phang Nga, Tham Pha Sua , 8.477309°N 98.539827°E, 40 m a. s. l. ; FKCP.

TYPE MATERIAL ( FKCP). Thailand, Phang Nga Province, 2 km NE Phang Nga , Tham Pha Sua, 8.477309°N 98.539827°E, 40 m a. s. l., 9.XI.2019 , UV detection, in rock crack at rock face, primary forest, waxing moon, 1♂ (holotype, 1820), leg. Peter Kautt; Phang Nga Province, 2 km NE Phang Nga , Tham Pha Sua, 8.475886°N 98.539477°E, 40 m a. s. l., 14.I.2020 , 19:00 - 22:00 h, UV detection, in rock cracks at rock face, primary forest, waning moon, 1♂ (paratype, 1830), leg. M. Stockmann.

ETYMOLOGY. The specific epithet is a patronym honoring Danniella Sherwood, who located the holotype of Scorpiops hardwickii in the BMNH collections and provided important detailed photographs of the holotype (e. g. Fig. 30 ).

DIAGNOSIS (♂). Total length 57 mm. Base color uniformly reddish black to black. Telson white to yellow, and legs yellowish brown. Pectine teeth number 8–9 in males; fulcra present; 2 marginal and 2 middle lamellae. Patella of pedipalp with 18 (5 eb, 2 esb, 3 em, 4 est, 4 et) external and 19 ventral trichobothria. Chelal trichobothrium Eb 3 located in middle of manus at level as Dt. Chela of pedipalp with 4 V series trichobothria, located on the ventral surface of manus. Fingers of pedipalps undulate in male. Chela length to width ratio 4.6. Pedipalp movable finger with ca. 75 IAD, which have the same size as MD (ca. 110 in number) and create a second row; there are also 5 ID and 14–15 OD present. Tarsomere II of leg III with 7 stout median ventral spinules and two pairs of flanking setae. Metasoma I with 10 carinae and metasoma II–IV with 8 carinae. Telson elongate and sparsely granulate, length to depth ratio 3.18 in males; annular ring present.

DESCRIPTION (♂ holotype). Total length 57 mm. Female unknown. Habitus as shown in Figs. 708–709 . For position and distribution of trichobothria on pedipalps, see Figs. 714a–719a . Fingers of pedipalps undulate in male ( Fig. 715 ). Coloration ( Figs. 708–709 , 725–727 ). Base color uniformly reddish black to black. Telson white to yellow, legs, and sternites are yellowish brown. Chelicerae reddish brown and reticulate, fingers black.

Carapace and mesosoma ( Figs. 708–709 , 353–354 ). Entire carapace covered with large granules; carinae absent. Anterior margin of carapace with a deep median notch. Carapace with 3 pairs of lateral eyes of which two are normal and one is reduced. Mesosoma granulated, with one median carina. Tergite VII is pentacarinate. Sternites smooth to very finely granulated with two parallel furrows except sternite VII which has four granulate carinae. Pectine teeth number 8 in male holotype. Pectines with 2 marginal and 2 middle lamellae.

Metasoma and telson ( Figs. 710–713 ). Metasoma sparsely hirsute and granulated, with sparse, relatively large granules. Metasomal segment I with 10 carinae, II–IV with 8 carinae, and V with 5 carinae. Median lateral carinae of metasoma II, and median lateral and ventral carinae of metasoma V indicated by isolated granules that may coalesce into carinae. Dorsolateral carinae of segments II–IV terminate posteriorly in a pronounced tooth. Telson elongate and sparsely granulate with annular ring.

Pedipalps ( Figs. 714–724 ). Pedipalps very sparsely hirsute. Patella with 18 (5 eb, 2 esb, 3 em, 4 est, 4 et) and 19 ventral trichobothria. Chela with 4 V series trichobothria located on the ventral surface. Femur and patella are sparsely granulated. Femur with 4–5 granulose carinae, and patella with 5 carinae with dorsal and ventral patellar spurs pronounced. Manus dorsally with fine, rounded granules, which are in the central area replaced by large granules forming an irregular dorsal secondary carina. External surface of chela densely covered by minute granules, with a regular external secondary carina. Movable fingers bear ca. 70 IAD, which have the same size as MD (more than 100 in number) and create a second row; here are also 5 ID and 14–5 OD present.

Legs ( Figs. 355–358 ). Tibia and tarsomeres of legs with several setae not arranged into bristle combs on dorsal surfaces but with sparse rows of spinules on dorsolateral surfaces and on legs I – II also with dense rows on ventrolateral surface. Tarsomere II of leg I with 6, II with 5, III–IV with 7 stout median ventral spinules and two pairs of flanking setae. Femur with 3–4 and patella 4–5 carinae; both femur and patella granulated.

Measurements. See Table 7.

AFFINITIES. The combination of pedipalp chela with 4 ventral trichobothria and patella with 19 ventral and 18 external trichobothria is unique in the entire genus Scorpiops .

DISTRIBUTION. Thailand ( Fig. 799 ).

Figures

Figure 186: Dentition of crown-like structures (cls) and distal posterior lobe (dpl) apex of 16 scorpiopids. Species are grouped according to four major clades resolved by DNA analysis (Šťáhlavský et al., in press). To highlight inconsistency of the trichobothrial classification with molecular phylogeny, previously described species are listed under genera (in quotes) where they were originally placed according to trichobothriotaxic characters of Soleglad & Fet (2001). Cited ranges of cls denticle counts for each species represent data from both left and right hemispermatophores extracted from all available specimens: N =1, except for “Alloscorpiops” wongpromi (N = 2), “A.” anthracinus (N = 2), Scorpiops thaomischi (N = 2), and “Euscorpiops” problematicus (N = 3). Data with N> 1 reveal intraspecific stability of cls dentition patterns, and intraspecific variability of dpl denticulation patterns. Right insets: convex (upper inset) and concave (lower inset) views of whole hemispermatophore of Scorpiops kautti sp. n. Anatomical structures and measurements are indicated. Scale bar: 2 mm.

Figures 725. Scorpiops sherwoodae sp. n., male holotype in vivo habitus.

Figures 726–728. Scorpiops sherwoodae sp. n., male holotype in vivo habitus at type locality (726), Female juvenile (non type) in vivo habitus (727), and type locality (728, also type locality for S. dunlopi sp. n.).

Figure 799. Geographic distribution of the family Scorpiopidae. The map plots locality

Figures 128–133: Part of carapace with lateral eyes. Figure 128. Parascorpiops montanus, female, Malaysia, Borneo, Sarawak, Matang, ca. 20 km W of Kuching, FKCP. Figure 129. Scorpiops solegladi sp. n., female, holotype. Figure 130. S. lindbergi, male, holotype of S. kraepelini. Figure 131. S. grosseri, female, holotype. Figure 132. S. tryznai, female, holotype. Figure 133. S. sherwoodae sp. n., male holotype.

Figures 134–148: Scorpiops spp., right pectines. Figure 134. S. harmsi, female, holotype. Figure 135. S. vonwicki, female, holotype. Figure 137. S. leptochirus, male and female, India, Meghalaya State, Nong Poh, FKCP. Figure 138. S. sherwoodae sp. n., male holotype. Figure 139. S. longimanus, male, India, Assam State, 50 km E of Tezpur, FKCP. Figure 140. S. longimanus, female, India, Maghalaya State, West Garo-Hills, FKCP. Figure 141. S. braunwalderi, male, holotype. Figure 142. S. phatoensis sp. n., male, holotype. Figure 143. S. tibetanus, male, topotype of S. pococki, FKCP. Figure 144. S. dastychi, male, paratype. Figure 145. S. yagmuri, male, holotype.Figure 146. S. margerisonae, male, holotype. Figure 147. S. margerisonae, male, China, 100 km S of Lhasa, FKCP. Figure 148. S. wrzecionkoi, female, holotype.

Figures 149–163: Whole hemispermatophores of 15 scorpiopids. Convex (external) aspect of hemispermatophores of: Scorpiops oligotrichus (149), S. citadelle (150), S. sherwoodae sp. n. (151), S. montanus (152), S. pakseensis sp. n. (153), S. leptochirus (154), S. phatoensis sp. n. (155), S. schumacheri (156), S. wongpromi (157), S. kautti sp. n. (158), S. birulai sp. n. (159), S. anthracinus (160), S. thaomischi (161), S. dii sp. n. (162) and S. problematicus (163). Specimen numbers indicated. Scale bars: 2 mm (149–154, 157–161, 163), 1 mm (155–156, 162).

Figures 170–185: Hemispermatophore capsules of 16 scorpiopids. Convex aspect of capsules of: Scorpiops oligotrichus (170), S. citadelle (171), S. sherwoodae sp. n. (172), S. montanus (173), S. pakseensis sp. n. (174), S. leptochirus (175), S. phatoensis sp. n. (176), S. schumacheri (177), S. wongpromi (178), S. kautti sp. n. (179), S. krabiensis sp. n. (180), S. birulai sp. n. (181), S. anthracinus (182), S. thaomischi (183), S. dii sp. n. (184) and S. problematicus (185). Specimen number of S. krabiensis 1829, of others as indicated in Figs. 149–163. Scale bars: 400 μm (170–175, 178–185), 200 μm (176–177).

Figures 347–358: Figures 347–352. Scorpiops birulai sp. n., male holotype, carapace and tergites I–IV (347), coxosternal area and sternites (348), left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (349–352 respectively). Figures 353–358. Scorpiops sherwoodae sp. n., male holotype, carapace and tergites I–IV (353), coxosternal area and sternites (354), left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (355–358 respectively).

Figures 708–713: Scorpiops sherwoodae sp. n. Figures 708–709. Male paratype in dorsal (708) and ventral (709) views. Figures 710–713. Male holotype, telson lateral (710), and metasoma and telson lateral (711), ventral (712), and dorsal (713) views. Scale bars: 10 mm (708–709, 711–713).

Figures 714–724: Scorpiops sherwoodae sp. n. Figures 714–723. Male holotype, pedipalp segments. Chela dorsal (714), external (715) and ventral (716) views. Patella dorsal (717), external (718) and ventral (719) views. Trochanter and femur dorsal (720) and ventral (721) views. Movable finger dentition (723). Trichobothrial pattern is indicated by white circles (714a–719f). Figure 724. Male paratype, movable finger dentition under UV light.

Figures 808–815: Male karyotypes of scorpiopid species based on postpachytene. Figure 808. Scorpiops oligotrichus (2n=105, 51II+III). Figure 809. Scorpiops pakseensis sp. n. (2n=87, 42II+III). Figure 810. Scorpiops phatoensis sp. n. (2n=105, 51II+III). Figure 811. Scorpiops problematicus (2n=97, 47II+III). Figure 812. Scorpiops schumacheri sp. n. (2n=63, 60II+III). Figure 813. Scorpiops sherwoodae sp. n. (2n=104, 52II). Figure 814. Scorpiops thailandus sp. n. (2n=147, 72II+III). Figure 815. Scorpiops thaomischi (2n=94, 47II). Insets show the location of 18S rDNA (red signal) on the same chromosome as in the karyogram (ppach) and additionally on chromosomes during pachytene (pach) or metaphase II (met II). Abbreviation of postpachytene configuration: II – bivalent, III – trivalent. Scale bar: 10 μm.

Figures 21–52: Scorpiops spp., telson lateral. Figure 21. S. affinis, male, lectotype. Figure 22. S. afghanus, female, holotype. Figure 23. S. braunwalderi, male, holotype. Figure 24. S. dastychi, female, paratype. Figure 25. S. demisi, female, holotype. Figure 26. S. farkaci, male, holotype.Figure 27. S.feti, male,paratype.Figure 28. S.furai, female, holotype.Figure 29. S.grosseri, female, holotype.Figure 30. S.hardwickii, male, holotype. Figure 31. S. harmsi, female, holotype. Figure 32. S. hofereki, female, holotype. Figure 33. S. irenae, female, holotype. Figure 34. S. jendeki, male, holotype. Figure 35. S. kejvali, male, holotype. Figure 36. S. langxian, male, China, Tibet, W. Kangtissu Shan Mts., Nakaeh Cushul, 4200 m a. s. l., FKCP. Figure 37. S. leptochirus, male (306), India, Meghalaya State, Nong Poh env., FKCP. Figure 38. S. lhasa, female, topotype, China, Tibet, Lhasa, 3700 m a. s. l., FKCP. Figure 39. S. lindbergi, male, holotype of S. kraepelini. Figure 40. S. margerisonae, male, holotype. Figure 41. S. oligotrichus, male (508), Laos, Xieng Khouang Province, Tham Xang Caves, Phone Savan, near Muang Khoun, FKCP. Figure 42. S.pakistanus, male, holotype.Figure 43. S. petersii, male, India, Himachal PradeshState, Molta,FKCP.Figure 44. S. pseudomontanus, male, holotype. Figure 45. S. solidus, male, holotype. Figure 46. S. tibetanus, male, topotype of S. pococki, China, Tibet, Gyaca district, 29°08'N 92°43'E, FKCP. Figure 47. S. tryznai, female, holotype. Figure 48. S. vonwicki, female, holotype. Figure 49. S. wrzecionkoi, female, holotype. Figure 50. S. yagmuri, male, holotype. Figure 51. S. zubairahmedi, male, holotype. Figure 52. S. zubairi, male, holotype.