Trioza chilgia Park & Lee, 1980, 2017

Cho, Geonho, Burckhardt, Daniel & Lee, Seunghwan, 2017, On the taxonomy of Korean jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), Zootaxa 4238 (4), pp. 531-561 : 554-555

Trioza chilgia Park & Lee, 1980 , stat. rev.

( Figs. 85−86 )

Trioza camphorae SENSU KIM, 1965: 53, NEC SASAKI, 1910: 277.

Trioza chilgia PARK & LEE, 1980 : 15.

Heterotrioza (Dyspersa) chilgia , KWON & LEE, 1981: 159.

Heterotrioza (Dyspersa) noknamui KWON & LEE, 1981: 159; SYNONYMISED BY PARK, 1996: 275. Trioza brevifrons SENSU KWON & LEE, 1981: 160, NEC KUWAYAMA, 1910: 61, misidentification Metatriozidus brevifrons SENSU KWON et al., 2015D: 1, NEC KUWAYAMA, 1910: 61.

Material examined. South Korea: 2 ♂, 4 ♀ identified as Heterotrioza noknamui , JJ, Jungmun, 23.vii.1981 (Y. J. Kwon) ( NHMB) .— South Korea (GG, JJ, JN) ( NHMB, SNU) .

Host plant. Celtis sinensis Pers. (Ulmaceae) .

Comments. Kwon et al. (2015b, c) synonymised Trioza chilgia , including its junior synonym Heterotrioza noknamui , and the Chinese Trioza bifasciaticeltis Li & Yang, 1991 with Trioza brevifrons Kuwayama, 1910 , a species described from Taiwan. They also transferred the species to the artificial genus Metatriozidus which was synonymised with Trioza by Yang et al. (2013). The ‘revisionary survey’ of the ‘four species’ by Kwon et al. (2015d) suffers from some misconceptions.

Trioza brevifrons was described by Kuwayama (1910) from a single female from Taiwan. Miyatake (1964b) reported the species from Japan though pointing out that the two Japanese specimens at hand differ from T. brevifrons in the longer genal processes. Later, Miyatake (1969) listed two additional specimens, one from Celtis sinensis var. japonica , as Trioza sp. 1 suggesting it may belong to a new species. Miyatake (1971) identified a single female from Korea (as Trioza sp.) ‘as the species which the author is ready to describe from Japan in the near future.’ Miyatake (1976) listed another female (as Trioza sp.) from Japan from Celtis sinensis var. japonica . Miyatake (1979), finally, reported again T. brevifrons from Japan suggesting that the population from Japan may represent a new species. Kwon & Lee (1981) listed T. brevifrons from Korea referring to a personal communication of Y. Miyatake to Y. J. Kwon. In his book, Kwon (1983) reproduced an English translation of the original German description of T. brevifrons almost verbatim. Apparently, he has not seen the holotype nor other material of T. brevifrons from Taiwan. It is difficult to understand why he decided that the species should have 1+3 metatibial spurs, a character not mentioned in the original description. There is also no information given by Kuwayama (1910) on the host plant. Park (1996) synonymised T. chilgia and H. noknamui , and suggested that T. brevifrons sensu Kwon (1983) is a misidentification, probably following Miyatake (1979). Neither Yang (1984) nor Yang et al. (2013) treated T. brevifrons due to the lack of material. They certainly did not exclude the species from the Taiwanese fauna as was erroneously suggested by Kwon et al. (2015b). According to Kuwayama’s (1910) description, T. brevifrons has an almost straight vein Rs (‘Radius fast gerade’) which is relatively long (‘Radialstück der Costa 2mal so lang wie das Spitzenstück derselben’). The Japanese and Korean species associated with Celtis has, however, a distinctly curved, short vein Rs and the portions of the fore margin between the apices of veins R1 and Rs, and between the apices of veins Rs and M1+2 are subequal in length. We conclude that the Taiwanese T. brevifrons and the triozids on Celtis sinensis var. japonica reported under various names from China, Japan and Korea are not conspecific. The former, whose holotype seems lost, has to be regarded as a nomen dubium whereas the latter should be named Trioza chilgia with the junior synonym Heterotrioza noknamui . Not having seen relevant material of T. brevifrons sensu Kwon (1983) nor of Trioza bifasciaticeltis we cannot comment on their identity. In any case, currently there are no reliable records of T. brevifrons from outside Taiwan. Judging from the description of Ceropsylla celticola Li, 2011 from China collected on Celtis tetrandra , this species is probably also closely related to T. chilgia .

According to Kwon & Lee (1981) the records of Trioza camphorae Sasaki, 1910 from Korea (Kim 1965; see also Kwon 1983: 95) concern all Trioza chilgia . It is difficult to understand why Kwon et al. (2015a, c) list Trioza camphorae from Korea citing Kim (1965) as source. There are so far no reliable records of Trioza camphorae from Korea.

The genus Metatriozidus was synonymised by Yang et al. (2013) for its artificial nature and not lack of definition as suggested by Kwon et al. (2015c, d). We firmly believe that any biologically meaningful classification of organisms should reflect phylogeny and not mere resemblance between taxa.

Figures

FIGURES 83 ‒ 90. HABITUS. 83. Eotrioza ussuriensis, ADULT MALE. 84. Eotrioza ussuriensis, ADULT FEMALE. 85. Trioza chilgia, ADULT MALE OF SUMMER GENERATION. 86. Trioza chilgia, ADULT FEMALE OF WINTER GENERATION. 87. Trioza cinnamomi, ADULT MALE. 88. Trioza cinnamomi, ADULT FEMALE. 89. Trioza cinnamomi, FIFTH INSTAR IMMATURE. 90. GALLS INDUCED BY IMMATURES OF Trioza cinnamomi.