Xylographellini Kawanabe & Miyatake, 1996

Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano, 2008, An essay on the tribe Xylographellini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Ciidae), Zootaxa 1832 (1), pp. 1-110 : 9

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.1832.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:45A82AD6-F369-4A74-A280-048BAE6E2DA5
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E87B5-FFBB-CE78-FF6A-4AF8FF73FAEB
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Xylographellini Kawanabe & Miyatake, 1996
status

Treatment

Tribe Xylographellini Kawanabe & Miyatake, 1996 ( Figs 1–159 View FIGURES 1–4 View FIGURES 5–8 View FIGURES 9–12 View FIGURES 13–15 View FIGURES 16–18 View FIGURES 19–20 View FIGURES 21–22 View FIGURES 23–25 View FIGURE 26 View FIGURES 27–29 View FIGURES 30–32 View FIGURES 33–35 View FIGURES 36–38 View FIGURES 39–41 View FIGURES 42–44 View FIGURES 45–47 View FIGURES 48–50 View FIGURES 51–53 View FIGURES 54–56 View FIGURES 57–59 View FIGURES 60–62 View FIGURES 63–65 View FIGURES 66–68 View FIGURES 69–71 View FIGURES 72–73 View FIGURES 74–76 View FIGURES 77–79 View FIGURE 80 View FIGURE 81 View FIGURES 82–84 View FIGURES 85–87 View FIGURES 88–90 View FIGURES 91–93 View FIGURES 94–95 View FIGURES 96–97 View FIGURES 98–100 View FIGURE 101 View FIGURES 102–104 View FIGURES 105–107 View FIGURES 108–110 View FIGURES 111–113 View FIGURES 114–116 View FIGURES 117–119 View FIGURES 120–122 View FIGURES 123–125 View FIGURES 126–127 View FIGURES 128–129 View FIGURES 130–133 View FIGURE 134 View FIGURE 135 View FIGURES 136–138 View FIGURES 139–141 View FIGURES 142–144 View FIGURE 145 View FIGURES 146–148 View FIGURES 149–151 View FIGURES 152–153 View FIGURES 154–157 View FIGURE 158 View FIGURE 159 )

Included taxa

Xylographella Miyatake, 1985 (type genus)

Scolytocis Blair, 1928

Syncosmetus Sharp, 1891

Tropicis Scott, 1926

Diagnosis and comments

Xylographellini may be distinguished from the other Ciidae by the following combination of characters: (i) each antenna with seven (antennomeres of club fused; Fig. 65C View FIGURES 63–65 ), or nine to ten antennomeres (club with three antennomeres; Figs 2 View FIGURES 1–4 , 21 View FIGURES 21–22 , 63A–65B View FIGURES 63–65 , 94 View FIGURES 94–95 , 126–127 View FIGURES 126–127 , 142 View FIGURES 142–144 , 154 View FIGURES 154–157 ); (ii) antennal club distinctly compact, at least 1.2X longer than the funicle; (iii) at least the apical antennomere bearing more than four sensillifers ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1–4 ), usually more than seven, sometimes coalescent and difficult to be counted; (iv) insertion of labial palpi near the middle of prementum ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 5–8 ); (v) prementum with a longitudinal sulcus in frontal view ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1–4 ); (vi) apical labial palpomere widened ( Figs 5–8 View FIGURES 5–8 ); (vii) prosternum short, being concave, biconcave, flat or slightly tumid; (viii) each tibia usually expanded near the middle or the apex, bearing spines on its outer margin ( Figs 22 View FIGURES 21–22 , 66–68 View FIGURES 66–68 , 95 View FIGURES 94–95 , 128–129 View FIGURES 128–129 , 143 View FIGURES 142–144 , 155 View FIGURES 154–157 ); (ix) ninth segment of male abdomen (pregenital segment) always Yshaped ( Figs 24–25 View FIGURES 23–25 , 69 View FIGURES 69–71 , 73 View FIGURES 72–73 , 76 View FIGURES 74–76 , 78–79 View FIGURES 77–79 , 96–99 View FIGURES 96–97 View FIGURES 98–100 , 130–132 View FIGURES 130–133 , 144,156–157); (x) male genitalia with tegmen and median lobe elongate, cylindrical, at least 4X longer than large; (xi) absence of conspicuous secondary sexual characters in male, except for a small sex patch in some species (in Syncosmetina subtr. nov.); (xii) female terminalia ( Figs 9–12 View FIGURES 9–12 ) with gonocoxites divided in two parts, always longer than paraprocts; (xiii) gonostyli usually absent ( Figs 9–10, 12 View FIGURES 9–12 ), and small gonostyli present only in Syncosmetus ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 9–12 ).

Characters ii to vi and ix are restricted to Xylographellini . Character viii in Xylographellini and Orophiini . Character xii occurs in the latter two tribes and also in some genera formally included in Ciini ( Ceracis Mellié , Phellinocis Lopes-Andrade & Lawrence , Sulcacis Dury and related genera), which shows that Ciini may be polyphyletic. In the other hand, the female terminalia of the Ciini genera close related to Cis Latreille ( Ennearthron Mellié , Strigocis Dury , Falsocis Pic and so on) all have the basic morphology found in many tenebrionoid families ( Tanner 1927; Tschinkel & Doyen 1980; Banaszkiewicz 2006; Lopes-Andrade 2007a, b).