Callibaetis cruentus, Cruz & Salles & Hamada, 2013

Cruz, Paulo Vilela, Salles, Frederico Falcão & Hamada, Neusa, 2013, Callibaetis Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Brazil, Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 48 (11 - 12), pp. 591-660 : 603-610

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2013.791883
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10536638
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F4646-FF9C-086F-FD89-D4EFFDD6FB71
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Callibaetis cruentus
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Callibaetis cruentus sp. nov.

( Figures 5–8 View Figure 5 View Figure 6 View Figure 7 View Figure 8 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:863C8C1D-4175-42E3-B1FC-2E9004B26F8B

Known stages: I ♀ ♂, N

Diagnosis

Male imago. (1) Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes oval ( Figure 5A View Figure 5 ); (2) forewing hyaline with black bands transversally, medially with transverse band complete ( Figure 5D View Figure 5 ); (3) marginal intercalary veins paired, except between veins ICu 2 and A ( Figure 5D View Figure 5 ); (4) hind wing hyaline with brown marks basally, medially and apically ( Figure 5E, F View Figure 5 ); (5) costal process of hind wing compound ( Figure 5E, F View Figure 5 ); (6) abdominal sterna with many reddish spots, laterally with reddish brown spot, medially one brown mark and submedially with two light black marks; (7) forceps segment I cylindrical ( Figure 5C View Figure 5 ).

Female imago. (1) Forewing completely dark brown, meeting of longitudinal veins with the posterior margin white ( Figure 5H View Figure 5 ); (2) marginal intercalary veins paired, except between veins ICu 2 and A ( Figure 5H View Figure 5 ); (3) hind wing completely dark brown with white veins ( Figure 5I, J View Figure 5 ); (4) costal process of hind wing compound ( Figure 5I, J View Figure 5 ); (5) abdominal sterna yellowish with brown spots; laterally with one black mark; submedially with brown mark on anterior margin ( Figure 5K View Figure 5 ); (6) abdominal sterna yellowish with brown spots; laterally with one black mark; submedially with brown mark on anterior margin ( Figure 5K View Figure 5 ).

Mature nymph. (1) Antenna with spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment ( Figure 6A View Figure 6 ); (2) distal margin of labrum with deep medial emargination ( Figure 6B View Figure 6 ); (3) distal margin of labrum with long simple setae ( Figure 6B View Figure 6 ); (4) maxillary palp reaching apex of galea-lacinia ( Figure 6F View Figure 6 ); (5) glossa longer than paraglossa ( Figure 6G View Figure 6 ); (6) labial palp segment I with spine-like setae ( Figure 6G View Figure 6 ); (7) anterior surface of fore femur with robust spine-like setae near dorsal margin and with one row of robust trifid and bifid spine-like setae near ventral margin ( Figure 7B View Figure 7 ); (8) fore tarsus ventrally with one row of spine-like setae and trifid spine-like setae ( Figure 7C View Figure 7 ); (9) hind femur posterior surface near ventral margin with one row of robust, curved, pectinate setae ( Figure 7G View Figure 7 ); (10) hind claw similar with foreclaw ( Figure 7I View Figure 7 ); (11) gills VII with one fold ( Figure 8G View Figure 8 ); (12) cerci with spines on all segments ( Figure 8I View Figure 8 ); (13) terminal filament with spines on all segments ( Figure 8J View Figure 8 ).

Description

Male imago. Length: body, 4.8 mm; forewing, 4.2 mm; hind wing, 0.7 mm; antenna, 0.9 mm; tibia I, 1 mm; tibia II, 0.7 mm; tibia III, 0.7 mm. (n = 2) Head ( Figure 5A, B View Figure 5 ). Coloration brown. Turbinate portion of compound eyes dorsally reddish orange, stalk reddish orange with black base. Antenna. Scape and pedicel with apex brown, flagellum brown with white base. Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes oval; length 1.2 × width; stalk height 0.9 × dorsal portion height; inner margins parallel, not reaching each other. Thorax ( Figure 5A, B View Figure 5 ). Anteronotal protuberance, mesoscutum, submesoscutum, posterior scutal protuberance and scutellum black. Anteronotal and metascutellar protuberance rounded. Legs: Femur I with continuous longitudinal black line on external surface, tibia I white with black mark ventrally on apex, tarsus I and claws white; femur II with continuous longitudinal black line on internal surface; one light brown mark on apical half on internal surface, tibia II white with light marks on base and apex, tarsus II and claws white. Leg I: tibia 1.4 × length of femur; tarsus 1 × length of femur; and with four segments decreasing in length apically. Wings. Forewing ( Figure 5D View Figure 5 ) hyaline with black bands transversally, medially with transversal band complete; veins white and black; stigmatic area with five or six cross veins touching subcostal vein; marginal intercalary veins paired, except between veins ICu 2 and A; length of each intercalary vein 0.5–0.6 × distance between adjacent longitudinal veins; length of forewing about 2.7 × width. Hind wing ( Figure 5E, F View Figure 5 ) hyaline with brown mark basally, medially and apically; with seven to nine cross veins; costal process compound. Abdomen. Terga black, with red mark sublaterally like inverted “V” on terga II to VII; medially with two red maks on terga II and III; terga VIII, IX and X black with few black spots; tracheation black. Sterna with many reddish spots, laterally with reddish brown spot, medially with one brown mark and submedially with two light black marks. Caudal filaments lost. Genitalia ( Figure 5C View Figure 5 ). Forceps segment I with few reddish spots, II and III white. Forceps segment I cylindrical; 0.4 × length of segment II; distance between base of forceps 0.3 × distance between lateral margins of forceps. Forceps segment III oval, 3.3 × as long as wide; 0.2 × length of segment II. Posterior margin of styliger plate with small medial projection.

Female imago. Length: body, 5.6 mm; forewing, 5.2 mm; hind wing, 0.8 mm; antenna, 0.6 mm; tibia, 0.8 mm. (n = 2) Head ( Figure 5G View Figure 5 ). Coloration light brown; compound eyes black. Antenna. Scape and pedicel white with brown apex, flagellum white. Thorax ( Figure 5G, K View Figure 5 ). Anteronotal protuberance and mesoscutum light brown; submesoscutum and posterior scutal protuberance yellowish light brown; scutellum light brown. Anteronotal protuberance rounded. Metascutellar protuberance pointed. Legs: Femur I white with trachea black pigmented on external surface, femora II and III white with trachea black pigmented on internal surface; tibia I white with brown mark ventrally on base and around apex, tibiae II and III white, with brown mark around apex; tarsi I, II, III and claws white. Leg I: tibia 1 × length of femur; tarsus 0.75 × length of femur. Leg II: tibia 0.7 × length of femur; tarsus 0.8 × length of femur. Leg III: tibia 0.7 × length of femur; tarsus 0.5 × length of femur. Wings. Forewing ( Figure 5H View Figure 5 ) completely dark brown, meeting of longitudinal veins with the posterior margin white; veins brown; stigmatic area with eight cross veins touching subcostal vein and two not; marginal intercalary veins paired, except between veins ICu 2 and A; length of each intercalary vein 0.5–0.6 × distance between adjacent longitudinal veins; length of forewing about 2.3 × width. Hind wing ( Figure 5I, J View Figure 5 ) completely dark brown with white veins; three complete longitudinal veins and 12–16 cross veins; costal process compound. Abdomen ( Figure 5G, K View Figure 5 ). Terga yellowish brown with brown spots on VI to VIII; medially with red mark; laterally with brown mark; terga VII to IX with submedially brown mark. Tracheation black. Sterna yellowish with brown spots; laterally with one black mark; submedially with brown mark on anterior margin. Pleura with red mark. Caudal filaments lost.

Mature nymph. Length: body, 6 mm; terminal filament, 2.6 mm; antenna, 3.7 mm. (n = 2) Head. Coloration: light brown. Antenna light brown ( Figure 6A View Figure 6 ) with spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment. Labrum ( Figure 6B View Figure 6 ). Excavate medially; length about 0.6 × maximum width; distal margin with deep medial emargination; anterolateral and distal margin with long and simple setae; dorsally with many, long, fine, simple setae scattered over anterolateral surface; submarginal row of setae absent; ventrally with short spine-like setae near lateral margin and one row of simple spine-like setae near anterolateral and distal margin. Right mandible ( Figure 6C View Figure 6 ) with 4 + 3 denticles; prostheca slender and bifurcated, inner lobe short than outer; margin between prostheca and mola convex, with short projection and tuft of setae present; tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola present. Denticles of mola not constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present; lateral margins slightly convex; basal half bare dorsally. Left mandible ( Figure 6D View Figure 6 ) with 4 + 3 denticles; prostheca robust and bifid; margin between prostheca and mola concave; tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola present; subtriangular process narrow, at same level as area between prostheca and mola; denticles of mola not constricted; tuft of setae at apex of mola present; lateral margins slightly convex; basal half bare dorsally. Hypopharynx ( Figure 6E View Figure 6 ). Superlingua not expanded; short, fine, simple setae scattered over distal margin of lingua and superlingua. Maxilla ( Figure 6F View Figure 6 ). Double row of setae with three simple denti-setae. Medial protuberance of galea with 1 + 6 spine-like setae. Maxillary palp reaching apex of galea-lacinia; palp segment II 0.6 × length of segment I; outer margin of segment I scattered with robust and pointed setae, apex of inner margin with seven or eight pointed setae, dorsal and ventral surface with pores; segment II with short pointed setae in inner margin, outer margin with long, fine and simple setae. Labium ( Figure 6G, H View Figure 6 ). Glossa basally narrow and longer than paraglossa; inner margin with 14 spine-like setae; apex with three to five spine-like setae; outer margin with many spine-like setae. Ventral surface scattered with few long, fine and simple setae. Paraglossa curved inward; apex with three to five robust and simple setae. Ventrally with few long, fine and simple setae. Labial palp with segment I 1 × length of segments II and III combined; segment I dorsally covered with micropores, near outer margin with robust spine-like setae; ventrally, near inner margin with robust spine-like setae, covered with fine, simple and long setae; segment II without distomedial protuberance; inner and outer margin respectively with eight or nine short spine-like setae and few long, fine and simple setae; dorsally with row of six or seven short spine-like setae; segment III concave; length 1.7 × width; covered with spine-like simple setae along margins and fine, simple setae, scattered over outer surface. Thorax. Light brown. Foreleg ( Figure 7A–D View Figure 7 ) light brown. Ratio of foreleg 1.4: (0.6 mm): 0.7: 0.4. Fore femur. Length about 5.3 × maximum width; dorsally with row of short spine-like setae; apex with two robust spine-like setae; length of setae about 0.1 × maximum width of femur; ventrally with few long, fine simple setae. Anterior surface with robust spine-like setae near dorsal margin and one row of trifid and bifid spine-like setae near ventral margin. Tibia. Dorsally bare; ventrally with one row of short, spine-like setae. Anterior surface with few short, robust spine-like setae. Tarsus. Dorsally bare; ventrally with one row of spine-like setae and trifid spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with two rows of denticles increasing in size distally. Hind leg ( Figure 7E–I View Figure 7 ). Femur with one row of short spine-like setae dorsally and ventrally. Anterior surface with many robust setae near ventral and dorsal margin; posterior surface near ventral margin with one row of robust, curved, pectinate setae. Tibia ventrally with row of spine-like setae. Tarsus, ventrally with one row of spine-like setae, anterior surface with one row of robust bipectinate setae. Abdomen ( Figure 8A View Figure 8 ). Like imago female. Terga. Posterior margin with regular spines, 3 × as long as wide ( Figure 8B View Figure 8 ). Sterna. Surface bare. Gills ( Figure 8C–G View Figure 8 ). Trachea black pigmented, extending from main trunk to outer margin. Gill I subequal in length to segment II, with three folds. Gill IV subequal in length to segment V, with two folds. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII to half IX combined, with one fold. Paraproct ( Figure 8H View Figure 8 ) with 23–25 marginal spines; surface with micropores and short, fine, simple setae; posterolateral extension with minute marginal spines. Terminal filament ( Figure 8J View Figure 8 ) light brown, with base of segments brown; posterior margin of segments with spines on each segment. Cerci ( Figure 8I View Figure 8 ) with spines on all segments.

Etymology

The specific epithet is a reference to the abdominal colour pattern ( cruentus , from Latin, meaning “spotted by blood”).

Material examined

Holotype. Female imago with corresponding nymphal exuviae, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Iranduba, Janauari Lake (03 ◦ 11 ′ 11.5 ′′ S, 60 ◦ 05 ′ 05.6 ′′ W), 11 / vii / 2008, P. V. Cruz col. ( INPA). GoogleMaps

Paratypes. 19 nymphs and three female imagos reared (with corresponding nymphal exuviae), BRAZIL, Amazonas, Iranduba, Janauari Lake (03 ◦ 11 ′ 11.5 ′′ S, 060 ◦ 05 ′ 05.6 ′′ W), 11 / vii / 2008, P. V. Cruz col. ( INPA, CZNC). Two female imagos reared and five nymphs, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Iranduba, Janauari Lake (03 ◦ 11 ′ 11.5 ′′ S, 060 ◦ 05 ′ 05.6 ′′ W), 11 / vii / 2008, P. V. Cruz col. ( INPA, CZNC). Two female imagos and two male imagos reared, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Iranduba, Janauari Lake (03 ◦ 11 ′ 11.5 ′′ S, 060 ◦ 05 ′ 05.6 ′′ W), 26 / viii / 2008, P. V. Cruz col. ( INPA, CZNC) GoogleMaps .

Distribution

Brazil: Amazonas state, Iranduba county.