Ctenognathus Fairmaire, 1843

Larochelle & Larivière, Marie-Claude, 2021, Synopsis of the tribe Platynini in New Zealand (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Insecta Mundi 2021 (864), pp. 1-96 : 29

Genus Ctenognathus Fairmaire, 1843

Fig. 55–79 , 98–122 , 124–148

Ctenognathus Fairmaire, 1843: 13 .

Type species. Anchomenus Novae-Zelandiae Fairmaire, 1843 , by monotypy.

Description. Body length 7.0– 13.9 mm. Color mostly dark. Metallic luster absent. Dorsal surface mostly glabrous.Forebody usually narrow or moderately wide in comparison to elytra. Head. Usually narrow or moderately wide. Mandibles moderately long (very long in C. garnerae ). Labrum emarginate or subtruncate anteriorly. Eyes moderately or strongly convex, separated from buccal fissures; two setiferous punctures on inner side of each eye. Tempora not inflated (inflated in C. elevatus ). Neck constriction usually shallow, sometimes absent dorsolaterally. Mentum tooth entire (acute, rounded or subtruncate) or emarginate apically; two small circular foveae; two long setae. Submentum with four, six, or ten long setae. Palpi with terminal segment obtuse or truncate apically. Ligula with two setae. Paraglossae glabrous. Thorax. Pronotum usually cordate (rarely subquadrate); a single setiferous puncture on each side (anteriorly) or two setiferous punctures on each side (anteriorly and posteriorly). Prosternum glabrous apically (glabrous or pubescent in C. helmsi ), not compressed into a vertical ridge. Legs. Usually moderately long, sometimes very long (short in C. tawanui ). Metacoxae with two posteroventral setae. Metafemora with two posteroventral setae (three setae in C. elevatus and C. tepaki ). Protibiae with dorsal longitudinal groove; cleaning organ with two clip setae. Meso- and metatarsomeres 1–4 usually well developed, tricarinate dorsally, deeply bisulcate laterally (sometimes poorly developed, not carinate dorsally, shallowly or deeply bisulcate laterally). Metatarsomeres 4 moderately bilobed, symmetrical or asymmetrical apically. Metatarsomeres 5 glabrous or setose ventrally. Elytra. Subovate or oblong. Fused along suture (hindwings vestigial). Basal margin complete, reaching about scutellum. Shoulders narrow, rounded (obtuse in C. perumalae ). Sides widest about middle (widest behind middle in C. arnaudensis , C. davidsoni , C. edwardsii , C. marieclaudiae , C. takahe , and C. tawanui ). Scutellar setiferous pore usually visible. Scutellar striole short or moderately long. Striae complete, consisting of impressed lines. Interval 3 usually with three setiferous punctures (sometimes without punctures or with a subapical puncture). Umbilicate series with 13–24 setiferous punctures. Apices obtuse or rounded. Abdomen. Sterna IV–VI: both sexes with two long apical ambulatory setae. Sternum VII (last visible sternum): male with two or four long apical ambulatory setae; female with four, eight, or ten long apical ambulatory setae. Aedeagus. Lateral view: moderately or strongly arcuate; basal lobe of basal bulb usually present; internal sac without scale-like sclerites. Dorsal view: usually moderately wide (rarely narrow or very wide), asymmetrical (ostium of membranous area deflected to the left); basal bulb moderately distant from membranous area.

References. Larochelle and Larivière 2001: 129–132 (as “ Anchomenus ”; catalogue), 133–136 (as Ctenognathus ; catalogue); Liebherr 2005: 267 (key to genera and species, Vanuatu Platynini ), 283 (new status, New Zealand “ Anchomenus ” species); Larochelle and Larivière 2007: 80–81, 111 (description, ecology, geographic distribution, references; new status, New Zealand “ Anchomenus ” species), 2016: 36 (list).

Remarks. This genus occurs on the Three Kings Islands (TH), North Island, South Island, and Stewart Island. All New Zealand species previously recorded in the genus “ Anchomenus ” have been transferred to the genus Ctenognathus Fairmaire by Liebherr (2005: 283) and Larochelle and Larivière (2007: 80). In the present revision, six species previously assigned to Ctenognathus are transferred to Kiwiplatynus new genus ( C. bidens ), Kupeplatynus new genus ( C. sulcitarsis , C. crenatus , C. lucifugus ), and Tuiplatynus new genus ( C. sophronitis , C. libitus ).

Figures

Figures 53–56. Dorsal habitus. 53) Tuiplatynus sophronitis, teneral. 54) T. libitus, teneral. 55) Ctenognathus novaezelandiae. 56) C. elevatus. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 57–60. Dorsal habitus. 57) Ctenognathus garnerae new species. 58) C. tepaki new species. 59) C. urewera new species. 60) C. cardiophorus. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 61–64. Dorsal habitus. 61) Ctenognathus adamsi. 62) C. pictonensis. 63) C. tawanui new species. 64) C. perumalae new species. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 65–68. Dorsal habitus. 65) Ctenognathus takahe new species. 66) C. arnaudensis. 67) C. marieclaudiae new species. 68) C. edwardsii. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 69–72. Dorsal habitus. 69) Ctenognathus kaikoura new species. 70) C. sandageri. 71) C. helmsi. 72) C. xanthomelus. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 73–76. Dorsal habitus. 73) Ctenognathus intermedius. 74) C. otagoensis. 75) C. colensonis. 76) C. earlyi new species. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 77–79. Dorsal habitus. 77) Ctenognathus davidsoni new species. 78) C. oreobius. 79) C. hoarei new species. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 94–100. Aedeagus, lateral. 94) Kupeplatynus crenatus. 95) K. lucifugus. 96) Tuiplatynus sophronitis. 97) T. libitus. 98) Ctenognathus novaezelandiae. 99) C. elevatus. 100) C. garnerae new species.

Figures 101–107. Aedeagus, lateral. 101) Ctenognathus tepaki new species. 102) C. urewera new species. 103) C. cardiophorus. 104) C. adamsi. 105) C. pictonensis. 106) C. tawanui new species. 107) C. perumalae new species.

Figures 108–114. Aedeagus, lateral. 108) Ctenognathus takahe new species. 109) C. arnaudensis. 110) C. marieclaudiae new species. 111) C. edwardsii. 112) C. kaikoura new species. 113) C. sandageri. 114) C. helmsi.

Figures 115–122. Aedeagus, lateral. 115) Ctenognathus xanthomelus. 116) C. intermedius. 117) C. colensonis. 118) C. otagoensis. 119) C. earlyi new species.120) C. davidsoni new species.121) C. oreobius. 122) C. hoarei new species.

Figures 124–129. Species distribution maps. 124) Ctenognathus adamsi. 125) C. arnaudensis. 126) C. cardiophorus. 127) C. colensonis. 128) C. davidsoni new species. 129) C. earlyi new species.

Figures 130–135. Species distribution maps. 130) Ctenognathus edwardsii. 131) C. elevatus. 132) C. garnerae new species. 133) C. helmsi. 134) C. hoarei new species. 135) C. intermedius.

Figures 136–141. Species distribution maps. 136) Ctenognathus kaikoura new species. 137) C. marieclaudiae new species. 138) C. novaezelandiae. 139) C. oreobius. 140) C. otagoensis. 141) C. perumalae new species.

Figures 142–147. Species distribution maps. 142) Ctenognathus pictonensis. 143) C. sandageri. 144) C. takahe new species. 145) C. tawanui new species. 146) C. tepaki new species. 147) C. urewera new species.

Figures 148–153. Species distribution maps. 148) Ctenognathus xanthomelus. 149) Kiwiplatynus bidens. 150) K. taranaki new species. 151) Kupeplatynus crenatus. 152) K. lucifugus. 153) K. sulcitarsis.